Valjar

Valjar is a language evolving from Vjaryir (my 3rd conlang) in an attempt to give new life to an old concept, with similar vocabulary.

=Phonology=


 * if an aspirated consonant is followed by another aspirated consonant, the first is unaspirated
 * if two of the same consonants follow one another then,


 * lengthen if a frictative
 * unaspirate and pronounce only one
 * if a /p/ and /pʰ/ follow one another, they are reduced to /ɸ/

= Orthography = Alphabet: a b c ç d e f g h i í j k l m o ó p r s t u v w y

Notes:
 * /w/ and /j/ are both considered semi-vowels, and may only occur before a vowel.
 * [w] before [a, e, o, ó, u], and [u] before [i, í]
 * [j] before [a, e, o, ó], and [y] before [i, í, u]

=Grammar=

Word Order
Primary word order is VSO, but with the exception that the verb must come first, is otherwise fairly free.


 * VSO word order -  Wanlu vurot nofum . - The fox jumped on ground .
 * Head-Initial - Vur noka. - Red fox.
 * Possessor-Possessed - Vurje vík. - The fox's meal.
 * Attached adpositions - Jelke adot ança. - I live in the house.

Gender
Through various sound changes, the original M/F/N gender system of Vjaryir degraded into a Common/Neuter gender system which generally took the Masculine's inflections. Gender is based on the noun's vowels, in a rudimentary vowel harmony. Nouns with back vowels (a, o, ó, u, ú) are Common gender, while the front vowels (e, i, í) are Neuter gender, and a noun with a mix of the both front and back is Common. Nouns with mixed o/ó and u/ú are rare.

Plural
There are various plural endings, depending on the noun's vowels, last sound, and gender.

''Ex. 'Vur. - Fox -&gt; Vurm. - Foxes.''

Cases
There are a total of 10 cases in Valjar, each inflecting based on noun gender. If a noun ends in a vowel, simply take off the initial vowel of the case.

Pronouns
There are 4 grammatical persons, the first 3 typical, while 4th person would be similar to the English "one". Pronouns follow case inflection regularly.

Personal:

Demonstrative:

Singular demonstrative pronouns are attached onto the verb as a suffix, the plural noun's going before the demonstrative for plural.

''Ex. Vuret. - This fox. -&gt; Vurmet. - These foxes.''

Verbs
List of all verb tenses, aspects, and moods. Rows are split from top to bottom: past, present, future.

Questions
Questions are very easy to form in Valjar, as there are few question affixes and word order does not change. To form a question, add the appropriate prefix onto the verb.

''Ex. Vuretke. - This is a fox. -&gt; Ikvuretke. - Is this a fox?''

=Example text= ...