Kalovanian

Phonotactics
Stress is non-phonemic and is on the first syllable of a word.

(C)(y)(V(V)(n), (C)(i,u)V(w,y,n, ng), VCV, (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)(C), CVCV

Pronouns- Kalovanian consists of the following 3 personal pronouns:
In order to make personal pronouns plural, simply add the suffix -ači to the end of the word. To express "we", "they(plural)",or "you(plural)", you will say Mūači, Sūači and Gūači.

Interrogative pronouns:

 * Ka - What
 * Kado- Who
 * Kade- Where
 * Kun- When
 * Kateri-Which
 * Kur/Kurtan- How
 * Kufur- Why

Demonstrative Pronouns:

 * Aketa- This, here
 * Akeš- That, those
 * Akedes- Over there

Nouns
Kalovanian has no grammatical gender, articles, or number; through demonstrative pronouns Akeš ("that, those") can often be translated as the equivalent of the word "the". The lack of number means there's no count or mass nouns. A small amount of nouns can be reduplicated to imply collectives of something rather than a plural.

Adjectives
Kalovanian adjectives can be made into adjectival verbs where negation and past tense can occur whilst allowing for sentence to end predicatively without the need of another "to be" verb. Here's an example using the adjective Fuma ("Hot, warm, spicy"):

Comparatives and Superlatives
Here's another example of the use of the adjective Fuma (hot, warm, spicy) but to express whether something is a little bit hot to way too insufferable:

Fuma (hot, warm, spicy)- Fuma ibu (hotter, warmer, spicier)- Fuma rumu (hottest, warmest, spiciest).

Ibu is used for the comparative and rumu is used for the superlative.

Verbs:
Kalovanian verbs are not conjugated due to person, gender, or number but rather by negation, past and present tense, imperative, passive voice, mood, causation, conditional, volition and aspect. The future is implied based on the context on of the sentence using the present tense. If you want to be more specific about the future, you can use timing words such as Māwō (tomorrow), Sēluča (Next year), etc. In order to express the gerund just use the present tense. Let's use the verb Kasuvā: To write, to take notes, to transcribe, to sign(ex: put your signature on a document), to draw, to paint, etc; as an example:


 * Present: Kasuvān
 * Present (Negative): Bukasuvā
 * Past: Vakasuvā
 * Past (Negative): Buvakasuvā
 * Conditional: Kasuiluvā
 * Potential: Kasuvākysä
 * Imperative: Kasuvānoj
 * Passive: Rankasuvā
 * Volition: Kasuvāžana
 * Causative: Sankasuvā

Cardinal numbers

 * 0. Bunu, Nulla
 * 1. Uva
 * 2. Sadu
 * 3. Tre
 * 4. Kuong
 * 5. Go
 * 6. Logu
 * 7. Fālonī
 * 8. Kuosa
 * 9. Lotre
 * 10. Uvabunu
 * 11. Uvauva
 * 12. Sadūva
 * 13. Treuva
 * 14. Kuonguva
 * 15. Gouva
 * 16. Logūva
 * 17. Fālonuva
 * 18. Kuosauva
 * 19. Lotreuva
 * 20. Sadubunu
 * 30. Trebunu
 * 40. Kuongabunu
 * 50. Gobunu
 * 60. Logubunu
 * 70. Fālonībunu
 * 80. Kuosabunu
 * 90. Lotrebunu
 * 100. Jato

Ordinal numbers

 * First- Rauva
 * Second- Rasadu
 * Third- Ratre
 * Fourth- Rakuong
 * Fifth- Rago
 * Sixth-Ralogu
 * Seventh-Rafālonī
 * Eighth- Rakuosa
 * Ninth- Ralotre
 * Tenth- Rauvabunu
 * Eleventh-Rauvauva
 * Twelfth- Rasadūva
 * Thirteenth- Ratreuva
 * Fourteenth- Rakuonguva
 * Fifthteenth- Ragouva
 * Sixteenth-Raloguva
 * Seventeenth-Rafālonuva
 * Eighteenth- Rakuosauva
 * Nineteenth-Ralotreuva
 * Twentieth-Rasadubunu
 * Thirtieth- Ratrebunu
 * Fortieth- Rakuongabunu
 * Fiftieth- Ragobunu
 * Sixtieth- Ralogubunu
 * Seventieth- Rafālonībunu
 * Eightieth- Rakuosabunu
 * Nintieth- Ralotrebunu
 * Hundredth- Rajato

Classifers
Kalovanian must use classifiers when counting nouns. The relevant classifier is chosen based on the shape and type of the noun, and combines with the numeral, occasionally adopting several forms.

Tužaka goruni- Five pencils [Pencil Five-CL] (Cylindrical objects)

Anžing trekuli- Three dogs[Dog Three-CL] (Small animals)

Wūlāmi kuongāmi- Four children [Child Four-CL] (People)

Kana trelimunezä- Three chickens [Chicken Three-CL] (Birds)

Jati trezō- Three Yachts [Yacht Three-CL] (Small Boats)

Guluna uvasuggi- One car [Car One-CL] (Mechanical objects)

Pelikarti saduvā- Two cards [Playing card Two-CL] (Flat objects)

Syntax
Kalovanian is an agglutinative language that follows a Subject-Object-Verb word order. Topic/Subject tends to be in the sentence-initial position and the verb is typically in a sentence-final position.