Arda lingwa

Consonants
As a general idea, consonnants don't distinguish voiced and unvoiced, explaining the [~] between two letters of the IPA. 1 When followed by /f~v/ 2 When followed by /k~g/ 3 Occurs for two reasons:
 * 1.When /i/ is followed or preceeded by /j/; or when a descending diphthong is followed by an ascending diphthong of the same nature (e.g. /äj.jä/ -> /äj.xä/);

4 This sound isn't written, but implied within the text and speech. It's used instead of the glottal stop, between vowels or in a beginning of a word that begins with a vowel. 5 Associated with the digraphs "dz" and "dj"
 * 2. When /u/ is followed by /w/; or when a descending diphthong is followed by an ascending diphthong of the same nature (e.g. /äw.wä/ -> /äw.xä/

Vowels
1 In diphthongs "wo" and "ow", in triphthongs "yow' and "woy"; and when followed by two consonants in the same word.

Alphabet
a b d e g h i j l m n o r u v w y z

Diphthongs
Ascending with y: ya ye (yi [xi]) yh yo yu

Descending with y: ay ey hy oy

Ascending with w: wa we wi wh wo (wu [xu])

Descending with w: aw ew hw ow

Triphthongs
Initial and final y: yay yey yhy yoy

Initial y and final w: yaw yew yhw yow

Initial w and final y: way wey why woy

Word Identification
Words are susceptible to ablaut in order to identify their nature. The principle goes likewise:
 * A becomes E
 * O becomes I
 * H becomes U

Explanation:

 * If the first and last syllable has an A, O, or H, the word is identified as a singular noun.


 * If the first syllable has an A, O, or H, but the last syllable became E, I, or U, the word is identified as a plural noun.


 * If the first syllable has either an E, I, U, but the last syllable has an A, O, or H, the word is either an adjective (if it follows a noun) or an adverb (if it follows a verb). N.B.: adjective don't take a number agreement.
 * If the first and last syllable has an E, I, or U, the word is a verb.

Exception:

In case of a descending diphthong, or triphthong implying H and O in the last syllable:
 * H becomes O