Kriollatino

Kriollatino language (in Kriollatino : linguo Kriollatina) is a constructed language conceived in 2008.

Basic Grammar
Words of kriollatino mainly comes from latin or esperanto. Words from esperanto are mainly frequency adverbs, interrogative adverbs, affixes etc... kriollatino words looks like esperanto words, because roots and affixes may be the same ; but kriollatino doesn't always use the same radical as esperanto ; kriollatino mainly use roots from latin, and more rarely from english of germanic languages.

Cases
All words in Kriollatino are regular. There are no special declensions.

The most common case in kriollatino is the nominative case, followed by plural and finally by genitive. All other cases are expressed by circumlocutions or by affixes.


 * Other pseudo-cases (where roots must be closed by nominative suffix, and where there is no real declension)


 * Abessive : by prefix sen-
 * Ablative, Elative : by prefix, or separate word el(-)
 * Accusative : uses nominative, or qualificative
 * Allative, Adessive : uses separate word al
 * Benefactive : uses separate word por
 * Comitative : uses separate word kun or kon
 * Distributive : uses separate word per
 * Genitive : Appears as nominative. The possessor is but behind the noun complement.
 * Inessive : uses separate word en
 * Superessive : uses prefix en-

Variable and invariable words
Only names and derivated cases (genitive) are variable in number. The adjectives, verbs, adverbs, are not variable in number.

Defined article
The defined article is used in Kriollatino instead of accusative case in esperanto. This (case) is marked by a final "-on" (pronounced ) at the end of nominative-case word. Plural of this case is "-ons" which is pronounced.

Undefined article doesn't exist. Just put the noun.

Verbs
In kriollatino, the verbs vary according to tense and voice. There are basical tenses which are the present, the past and the future ; there are active and passive voice and there are moods which are conditional, participle and imperative.

There is not auxiliary affixes in Kriollatino. Therefore, the auxiliary verb is "represented" by the affix "-l-" behind the participles and temporal monitoring of the affix.

Gerundive doesn't exist.

Use of *l* affix
This affix cannot be used alone. It must be used with other mood affixes such as participle.

Basical tenses

 * Present : This is used to describe a scene, to describe activities of everyday's life. The present tense is also used to make narration if the action is precised with a time marker. It is represented by putting the affix *e.


 * Past : Is used like the preterit in english. It is represented by the affix *i.


 * future : Is used to describe the thing which will happen, it's used to make premonition or prediction ; for talking about future in the past time, we use conditional. It is represented with the affix *u

Use of passive term
All verbs with only basic affixes means active voice. The subject is the actor and the object is the patient ; We can invert the rules by adding the affix *n after the basic tenses.

Mood affixes
Mood affixes must be used with basical tenses such present or past, and sometimes future.


 * *m'. This is conditional we can use it like in english when we want to talk about an unreal present


 * *t. This gives to a verb adjective characteristics. This may be conjugated by adding the -l affix at the end. Adjective characteristic -a is kept but not "overwritten".


 * *s. This is imperative. The present and past form are used to give an order. Whereas imperative put in a future tense is an attenuated future and it is used for polite imperative.

Examples of use

 * simple present form
 * 1) Infanon laven materon.
 * 2) * The kid is washed by the mother ("The-kid is-washed the-mother")
 * 3) Infanon lave materon.
 * 4) * The kid is washing the mother ("The-kid wash the-mother")


 * simple past form
 * 1) Gaton fagi muson.
 * 2) * The cat was eating the mouse. (now, you understand, no ?)
 * 3) Muson fagin gaton.
 * 4) * The mouse was eaten by the cat.


 * simple future form
 * 1) Espigo estaju vílon.
 * 2) * A spike will burst the tire
 * 3) Vílon estajun espigo.
 * 4) * The wheel will be burst by a spike.


 * present conditional form


 * 1) Infanon lavemėn materon.
 * 2) Infanon lavem materon.


 * past conditional form
 * 1) Gaton fagim muson.
 * 2) Muson fagimėn gaton.


 * present imperative form
 * 1) Ires velė !
 * 2) * Go quickly !


 * past imperative form
 * 1) Iris velė!
 * 2) * Have gone quickly !


 * future imperative form

The future imperative form can be used as subjunctive.


 * 1) Mi vulem tu irus velė.
 * 2) * I want you to go quickly.
 * 3) Mi vulim tu irus velė.


 * participle forms


 * 1) Sua es un to (can also be esunto or esunteco, like in esperanto)
 * 2) * His/her/its future
 * 3) Konrádo pren en tal e  estrexon. (this is passive form, note that -l- affix is used))
 * 4) konrádo pren e tal e  estrexon. (this is passive form, note that -l- affix is used)
 * 5) * Konrado is stressing/being stressed

First tense affix is in red and second tense affix is coloured in blue.

Putting the second tense affix at present, at past or at the future puts the action at the specified tense (it replaces auxiliary in romance languages).

About the first tense affix :
 * prenento is somebody who is taking sth.
 * preneto is sb who is being taken by sth.
 * preninto is somebody who is taken.
 * prenito is sb who has been taken by sth.
 * prenunto is somebody who will take.
 * prenuto is sb who will be taken.

The second tense affix does not take participle affixes and should be used as few as possible.

Adverbs
All adverbs ends with the brief edo (ė). There are no irregularities.


 * examples of adverbs :
 * relatė : relatively
 * velė : quickly
 * dífikultė : hardly
 * benė : good
 * malė : badly
 * malbelė/hoğė : ugly
 * etc.

Alphabet and phonology
Kriollatino languages uses mainly latin alphabet. But kriollatino is also a language that can be written using the Cyrillic alphabet, and several other alphabets. Syllabic alphasyllabique and mixing the letters of the Latin script and Cyrillic alphabet.

In this section, we list the letters used by the kriollatino in the Latin alphabet, their respective phonetic pronunciation, and their name kriollatino.

Vowels can be pronounced two ways, they can be either open or closed. Whatever their pronunciation, it does not affect their meaning or their to writing

Diphtongs

 * There are some exceptions for words with "gua", "gui", "gue" and "guo"

Tonic accent
Any word except words ending with "gua", "gui", "gue" and "guo" have their stress on the penultimate syllable of the word.


 * examples of use (regular and irregular)
 * Es tri go : web
 *  Lin guo : language
 * Trai pa ja navi gi lo
 *  Ga to

Numbers
{| width="100%"
 * width="50%" |
 * width="50%" |

Decimal System
etc....
 * 1 : un
 * 2 : du
 * 3 : tri
 * 4 : kuar
 * 5 : kint
 * 6 : sis
 * 7 : set
 * 8 : oit
 * 9 : nun
 * 10 : des
 * 20 : dudes
 * 100 : cen
 * 1 000 : mil
 * 1 000 000 : miłun/unolun or ullun
 * 1 000 000 000 : dulun
 * 1012 : trilun
 * 1015 : kuarlun
 * 1018 : kintolun
 * 1021 : sislun
 * 1024 : setlun
 * 1027 : oitolun
 * 1030 : nunolun
 * 1033 : deslun
 * width="50%"|

Vigesimal system

 * 1 : un
 * 2 : du
 * 3 : tri
 * 4 : kuar
 * 5 : kint
 * 6 : sis
 * 7 : set
 * 8 : oit
 * 9 : nun
 * A : dek
 * B : bal
 * C : tel
 * D : kil
 * E : fol
 * F : lul
 * G : mól
 * H : vel
 * I : yël
 * J : zël
 * 10 : dëk
 * 1J : dëkzël
 * 20 (201) : dudëk
 * 100 (202) : cen
 * 1'000 (203) : mil
 * 1 000 000 (206) : miłun, unolun

etc ...
 * }

Subject/complement
Personal pronouns in kriollatino are unvar