Dzalaci

dzalaci ['dzalaʃi] is a language featuring an unambiguous european-alike grammar and an apriori dictionary.

Phonology
A text consists of sentences. A sentence consists of words. A word consists of syllables. A syllable consists of the initial and the final. The stress is on the first syllable.

Sentence conjunction
A text consists of sentences obligatorily split with sentence conjunctions. A sentence conjunction ends with -uba, e.g.

yuxuba - and,

zapuba - but,

cotuba - that.

Verbs
The intransitive verb in this language is expressed as an adjective or as a noun. That's why there could be the following parts of speech at the top of the sentence: noun, verb, diverb, triverb.

A verb, a diverb, and a triverb obligatorily have subject. They differ in the ending sets and in the last vowel of the base.

A verb in this language is a verb with exactly one object. The base ending is -u + the ending of the inversion -risa. E.g.

qudu - to hug (who, whom),

qudurisa - to be hugged (who, by whom),

tsodju - to search (who, what),

dutcu - to build (who, what).

A diverb is a verb with two objects. The base ending is -e + endings of the inversion -risa, -rusa. E.g.

cene - to allow (who, whom, what),

vude - to thank (who, whom, for what),

goqe - to be jealous (who, of whom, to whom).

A triverb is a verb with three objects. The base ending is -o + endings of the inversion -risa, -rusa, -resa. E.g.

sogo - to exchange (who, with whom, what, for what),

zuco - to translate (who, what, from what, to what),

djuqo - to punish (who, whom, with what, for what).

-risa means the inversion of the subject and the first object.

-rusa means the inversion of the subject and the second object.

-resa means the inversion of the subject and the third object.

The word order is relatively free, but one must follow the order of objects and the subject must be before objects, e.g.

verb subject object,

subject verb object,

subject object verb,

diverb subject object1 object2,

subject diverb object1 object2,

subject object1 diverb object2 etc.

Participles
A participle is an additional verb depending on a nonverb. A participle has a verb base, or a diverb base, or a triverb base + endings -na, -nisa, -nusa, -nesa. The choice of the ending is the same as for verbs: -na the straight order, -nisa the inversion of the first object and the subject, -nusa of the second object and -nesa of the third object. The subject of the verb participle is the main word, while the number of objects depend on the base type. E.g.

suvuna sutci - in the forest,

zudjuna xoci - under the bed,

tasuna soli - in one hour,

cenenusa djubi tsehi yoguna djubi - with my parent permission for me,

sogonusa baqi coki fedji - in her exchange with him for that.

Verb participles
There may be a verb participle in a sentence. It additionaly describes verbs, and plays a role of english prepositions. A verb participle has a verb base, or a diverb base, or a triverb base + endings -la, -lisa, -lusa, -lesa. The choice of the ending is the same as for verbs: -la the straight order, -lisa the inversion of the first object and the subject, -lusa of the second object and -lesa of the third object. The subject of the verb participle is the main verb, while the number of objects depend on the base type.

A verb participle is analogous to the participle, but is a special part of speech to make the word order more free. A participle strictly follows the main word, while a verb participle may be in the beginning or in the ending of the sentence or before the verb or after the verb. E.g. these equal variants of the phrase "I drink water in cafe" are:

suvula yohi djubi vugu sizi

djubi suvula yohi vugu sizi

djubi vugu suvula yohi sizi

djubi vugu sizi suvula yohi

Gerund
Gerund is a verb in the place of a noun. Its subject and its objects follow it. The endings are -ma, -misa, -musa, -mesa. The choice of the ending is the same as for verbs.

Noun
A noun is a base of -i with no ending. Nouns don't change by neither number nor case. Some nouns of English are verbs or participles here, e.g.

luduna djubi - my sister (literally: [the one] sistering me)

Adjective
An adjective is a base of -i with the ending -na. An adjective depends on a noun. There is a conversion between them preserving the meaning. E.g.

zitsina yeji - a beautiful human

yejina zitsi - the human's beauty

Adverb
An adverb is a base which ends in -i with the ending -la. An adverb depends on a noun, or verbs, or participles, or adjective, or another adverb. It differs from an adjective in the fact that an adjective is a property of the same thing as the noun, but an adverb is a property of the noun itself. That's why the nouns and adverbs swapping changes the meaning. E.g.

qodzila nupi - a complete fool

nupila qodzi - a foolishly absolute thing

There is a substantivized adverb to play a role of the noun in the sentence. The ending changes to -ta. If a main word of the adverb was an adjective, then the adjective and the noun swap. E.g.

fizila mugina baqi - he runs rapidly

tsehi siqu fizita baqina mugi - one admires the rapidity of his running

If a main word of the adverb was an adverb, then it's substantivized too. E.g.

qodzila nupila mosina ludi - a clown stumbles completely foolishly

qodzita nupita ludina mosi novu tsehi - the completeness of the foolishness of the clown's stumbling annoys them

If a main word of the adverb was a verb, then it becomes a gerund. E.g.

ngimila tsodju djubi fedji - I search it for a long time

ngimita tsodjuma djubi fedji zusu soli - the length of time I search it equals an hour

Quote
For quote one uses margin words where so is the beginning of the quote and to is the ending of the quote. The quote is an object in the sentence.

Therefore the role of objects may be taken by: noun, substantivized adverb, gerund, and quote.