Old Shax/Sound Change

=Standard Shax/Sound Change= Shax, like French, changed significantly from Latin. Here are the sound changes for why:

Sound ChangesEdit
Some words will not follow this exact pattern. V = vowels; C = consonants; P = plosives; F = fricative; G = glide;O = open syllable; Ɵ = closed syllable; N = nasal

acutes = stressed; graves = unstressed

Geminates are written twice. All changes affect nasal vowels too unless otherwise stated

Classic Latin > Vulgar Latin

Here, the language was still very close to Classic Latin. These sound changes occured from the ≈2nd-4th centuries yː, ʏ > iː, ɪ pʰ > f; tʰ > t; kʰ > x h > ∅ (w, b) > β/V_V; w > v/#_, _# V(n, m) > Ṽ ɪ, ʊ > e, o Vː > V oi > u; ai > ɛ; au > ɔ (i, e) > j/_V (u, o) > w/_V C > ∅/_#!CF, G Syncope - Applies to unstressed vowels only. Syncope can only happen once per two syllables. lV̀(P, F) > j(P, F) VPV̀PV > VPPV FV̀P, PV̀F > FP, PF (voicing matches the fricative) (F, P)V̀G > (F, P)G!#_ Vulgar Latin > Maghrebi Romance

Here, the language was growing apart from Latin. Influence from the Western Romance languages, the Berber language, and general semantic shifts changed the language to where Latin speakers would only get the gist of what was being said. Note that the language was still nearly identical to its Latin preceder grammatically. These sound changes take place from the 4th to the early 7th centuries. é > ɛ; è > i!(_r, Ɵ) > ɛ ó > u; ò > u!(_r, Ɵ) > ɔ t > tʃ/_(i, j); d > dʒ/_(i, j) (p, t, k) > (b, d, g)/V_V̀; k > g/#_V (b, d, g) > (β, ð, ɣ)/V_V̀, V_# (sk, sr) > ʃ; tr, dr > tʃ, dʒ Pl > Pr!_# Vr > rV/_# (jn, nj, ŋn) > ɲ; (jl, lj) > ʎ; (jd, dj, gd), (jt, tj, kt) > dʒ, tʃ s, ks, ʃ > z, gz, ʒ/V_V̀ mn > mm; st > ss stʃ > ʃt During this time, the language was unintelligible with Latin.Major influence came from the Arab Conquests. Some standardization and change of morphology had taken place as well due to the lack of education through the masses, though no significant phonological changes took place except the removal of stress. This is a continuation of Maghrebi Romance, called Latin Maghrebi or Semitic Romance. ɛ > æ; ɔ > u a > æ; i > ɪ; u > ʊ Ṽ > Vn Simplification of Qur'anic Arabic Phonology ā, ū, ī > a, u, i a > æ; u > ʊ; i > ɪ q > kk ħ, h, ʕ > x θ > f ɫ > l Cˤ > Cː ʃt > ʃ

Semitic Romance > Shax

Shax developed stress and expanded is collapsed vowel system. During this time, influence came and is coming from French, English, Spanish, and Vandalic. There have been some re-borrowings from Latin as well during the earlier evolutions. These sound changes took place from the 7th century to the present.

Stress fell on primarily on the closed syllable or a pre-rhotic syllable; if there isn't one of those conditions, the stress falls on the penultimate. Note that the stress in never on the ultimate syllable (disregarding the closed syllable preference) unless it is a open syllable followed by a closed syllable in a two syllable word where stress would always fall of the ultimate. V̀ > ∅/V(C)C_C#!P_C, G_C; V̀ > ∅/V(C)C_#!G_ vowels change significantly and specifically in Shax. Look the chart below (†) β > ∅/V_V̀; ɣ > ∅!_(i, j) > j p > f/V_V̀; t > θ/V_V̀; k > x/V_V̀ V(n, m, ŋ) > Ṽ ll > ʎ; nn > ɲ; jj > dʒ; Cː > C gz, ks > ʒ, ʃ z > θ C̬ > C̥/V_# t > θ/_#; p > f/_#; k > ∅/_# θ, x, s > ð, ɣ, z/V_V̀ voicing agreement: voicing always matches this hierarchy (1: fricatives, 2: plosives, 3: nasal, 4: approximant)

(†) Vowel Change Chart (may differ)