Polijole/Dialects

This page provides a list and example sentences for all of the historical versions and all of the modern Languages of the Polidish language family.

note: most of the modern langauges' names are based off of their etymological-original classical polidish word, so the names may differ slightly

Proto-Polidish
Proto-Polidish, mostly commonly called Tāqts /tæːkʷtɿ/, but could also be called Qʼō līǵōxū ǵōla /kʼʷɑː liːɟɑːxuː ɟɑːlɛ/, (often just shortened to Qʼōlīǵōla /kʼʷɑːliːɟɑːlɛ/), was first spoken around ~5820bc and was the oldest form of Polidish, it was almost completely isolating, it had a C(V/F)(P) syllable structure (where P is short for ᵐb, t, c, k, kʷ, ʔ and F is a syllabic fricative) It is the ancestor of Classical and Central polidish. It had a preference for a VSO or VOS word order, but because of the marked cases, the word order was allowed to be very free.

Vowels
there are no diphthongs

Example Sentences
qōk loǵāḱḱā bū sābūkʼx ns tʼākʼānatʼaq bū sāboʼ kʼsḱōnākʼātʼaq

[kʷɑːk lʌɟæːccæː ᵐbuː sæːᵐbuːkʼɣ̩ nɿ tʼæːkʼæːnɛtʼɛkʷ ᵐbuː sæːᵐbʌʔ kʼɿcɑːnæːkʼæːtʼɛkʷ]

ADV slow PERF ABL 1SG.MASC.NOM tree-LOC.SG PERF ALL bird-LOC.DU

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

sū gisā ns xō tʼītʼōsāb, nīnx sū ginā!

[suː gisæː nɿ xɑː tʼiːtʼɑːsæːᵐb, niːnɣ̩ suː ginæː]

very like 1SG.MASC.NOM DEM.ACC food, COP.PRES.3sg very good.

I love this food, it's great!

Classical Polidish
Classical Polidish, or Polijolè [pˠɒliɟɒlə̆] was spoken at around ~692bc, it had a strict CV word order and was quite agglutinatively polysynthetic. It was the ancestor of CIP, Gekhe and Xiophoniol. It had the same word order syntax as Proto-Polidish.

Phonology
On the main page

Romanisation
On the main page

Example Sentences
pholejacha zamukanami takanètè zamenami kaçhonakatè

[pˠʰɒləɟat͡sʰa zamukanami takanə̆tə̆ zamənami kat͡ʃʰɒnakatə̆]

ADV-slow ABL-1SG.MASC>3SG-AOR tree-LOC ALL-1SG.MASC>3SG-AOR bird.LOC.DU

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

gìşaşzuna xa titoşzanè, nina zugìnanè!

[gĭʃaʒuna xa titɒʒanə̆, nina zugĭnanə̆]

love-1SG.MASC DEM food-ACC, COP.PRES.3sg very-good-ACC

I love this food, it's great!

Central Polidish
Central Polidish, also just called Ṕolijolè [pˠɒliɟɒlə̆], was a dialect of Polidish also spoken around ~692bc which was almost identical in grammar to Classical Polidish and is quite polysynthetic (but more fusional), but shows a few phonological, phonotactical and lexical differences. it had a CV(s) syllable structure where a coda -s could appear (in some locations it could only appear word finally). It had front-back vowel harmony. It was the ancestor of Kikhahi, Bozaje, Cakine and Nagaku. It had the same word order syntax as Proto-Polidish.

Vowels
diphthongs: /ĭu/, /ĭə/, /ĭa/, /ĭɒ/

Example Sentences
ṕhelejacha zabuko(s)nabi takanètè zabenabi ka(s)çhonakotè

[pˠʰələɟat͡sʰa zaᵐbukɒ(s)naᵐbi takanə̆tə̆ zaᵐbənaᵐbi ka(s)t͡ʃʰɒnakɒtə̆]

ADJ-slow ABL-1SG.MASC>3SG-AOR tree-LOC ALL-1SG.MASC>3SG-AOR bird.LOC.DU

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

gìşaşzunas xa titoşzanè, ninos zugìnonè!

[gĭʃaʒunas xa titɒʒanə̆, ninɒs zugĭnɒnə̆]

love-1SG.MASC DEM food-ACC, COP.PRES.3SG very-good-ACC

I love this food, it's great!

CIP
CIP aka "Common Imperial Polidish", or Pəliçəu [pəlit͡ʃəu], is the most commonly spoken form of Polidish in modern times, the version shown here is spoken around 3012ad, same with all of the other dialects below. The language is very fusional with as many as 9 noun declensions. It had a preference towards an SOV word order.

Vowels
Diphthongs: /ia/ /ie/ /iʊ/ /uɪ/ /ʊa/ /əɪ/ /əʊ/

[ç] is an allophone of /h/ before /i/

Example Sentences
təŋnət lıçaspl samukani ki kəşənaşot samıni

[təŋnət lɨt͡ʃaspɫ̩ samukani ki kəʃənaʃot samɨni]

tree-LOC slow-GEN ABL-1P.AOR 2 bird-LOC.PL ALL-1P.AOR

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

cetəşan ha çeşaşuna, ha hu çenan!

[t͡setəʃan ha t͡ʃeʃaʃuna, ha hu t͡ʃenan]

food.ACC DEM.NOM love-1P, DEM.NOM very good-ACC

I love this food, it's great!

Kikhahi
Kikhahi, or modernly Kixähi [c̠ixehi], it is very fusional and has 6 declensions. It had a strong preference for a SVO word order but VSO and SOV was also allowed. The language shows many similarities in phonology, grammar and syntax to Cakine due to being in close proximity to it.

Vowels
Diphthongs: /ɪa/ /ɪe/ /ɪo/

Example Sentences
nas frecə zapuköpi kanət zamepi kaçonokət

[nas frɛt͡sə zapukœpi kanət zamɛpi kat͡ʃɔnɔkət]

1SG.NOM ADJ-slow ABL-AOR tree-LOC.SG ALL-AOR bird.LOC.DU

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

nas gəşasu xa titoşon, ninos su gənon!

[nas gəşasu xa titɔʃɔn, ninɔs su gənɔn]

1SG,NOM love DEM food.ACC, COP.3P.PRES very good.ACC

I love this food, it's great!

Bozaje
Bozaje, or modernly, Pə̀sàşè [pə̀sàʃè], it was both a language isolate and was grammatically fairly isolating. It has 4 tones: High, Mid, Low, and Falling, however, The High and Low tones turn into Rising and Falling tones in diphthongs (so the rising tone is allaphonic). It had a strict VOS word order due to lacking any morphological cases.

Vowels
Diphthongs: /ĭa/ /ĭe/ /ĭo/ /ĭu/ /ĩɑ̃ː/ /ĩɛ̃ː/ /ĩɔ̃ː/

Example Sentences
loşàcápə̀ sàmuhômu þáhą̀ nâ sàmomu hâçǫ́ hó

[l̪ɤʃàt͡sápə̀ sàmuhɔ̂ːmu θáhɑ̃̀ː n̪ɑ̂ː sàmɤmu hɑ̂ːt͡ʃɔ̃́ː hɤ́]

slow-GEN ABL-PST tree 1SG ALL-PST bird two

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds

kìşású á tḯtə́sà nâ, ni sú kį̀ á

[kìʃású á t̪ɯ́t̪ə́sà n̪ɑ̂ː, n̪i sú kĩ̀ á]

love DEM food 1sg, COP.3P.PRES very good DEM

I love this food, it's great!

Cakine
Cakine, or modernly, Çäkiŋ [t͡ʃækiŋ], it has a lot of vowel harmony, it has 2 declensions. It had a strong preference for a SVO word order but VSO and SOV was also allowed. The language shows many similarities in phonology, grammar and syntax to Kikhahi due to being in close proximity to it.

Vowels
Diphthongs: /iɑ/ /ie/ /iɔ/ /iu/ /ɑi/ /ui/ /ɑu/

Example Sentences
nas welejaç rabukonop takanı rabınap kaçonoku

[nɑs wɛlɛjɑt͡ʃ rɑbukɔnɔp tɑkɑnɯ rɑbɯnɑp kɑt͡ʃɔnɔku]

1SG.NOM ADV-slow ABL-1SG-AOR tree-LOC.SG ALL-1SG-AOR bird-LOC.DU

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

giɬaɬunos ha titoɬon, ninos su ginan!

[giɬaɬunɔs ha titɔɬɔn, ninɔs su ginan]

love-1SG DEM food-ACC, COP.PRES.3P very good-ACC

I love this food, it's great!

Nagaku
Nagaku, or modernly Dagagu [dagagu]. It mainly preffered SOV but other word orders were allowed. The syllable structure is CV(N)(C)

Vowels
diphthongs: /ɪa/ /ɪe/ /ɪu/

Example Sentences
das taganıt pılıjaça sabuguci kaçunagıt sabıci

[das tʰaganɯt pʰɯlɯd͡ʒat͡ʃa sabugut͡si kʰat͡ʃunagɯt sabɯt͡si]

1SG.NOM tree-LOC ADJ-slow ABL-AOR bird.LOC.DU ALL-AOR

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

Gekhe
Gekhe polidish, or kēkhēpo pōlijōl [kɛːkʰɛːpɔ pɔːlijɔːl] (literally "Polidish of the highly magical") is the Polijole spoken by the highest elites of the polidians. It is considered the most similar to classical Polidish in grammar of all dialects. It only allowed for verb initial word orders, VSO was the main prefered word order but VOS was also allowed.

Vowels
Diphthongs: /ɪa/ /ɪe/ /ɪo/ /ɪu/

Example Sentences
pēlejācha sāmukāna sākānat sāmena kāçhonōkat

[pɛːlɛjɑːt͡sʰa sɑːmukɑːna sɑːkɑːnæt sɑːmɛna kɑːt͡ʃʰɔnɔːkæt]

ADJ-slow ABL-1SG>3SG.PERF tree-LOC.SG ALL-1SG>3SG.PERF bird.LOC.DU

I walked from the tree to the 2 birds.

sujeşāşuna ha sitōşōn, nina sujenon

[sujeʃɑːʃuna ha sitɔːʃɔːn, nina sujenon]

love-1SG>3SG DEM food.ACC, COP.3SG.PERF very-good.ACC

I love this food, it's great!

Xiophoniol
Xiophoniol, or modernly Xöfonöl /çɵfoɲɵl/ is spoken in the Xöfon country of Poligea, the version shown here was spoken until 973ce when the language went extinct. It mainly preffered SVO but other word orders were allowed.