Slettala

Consonants
Like in Icelandic, geminated stops (P, T, K) are pregeminated, therefore, ‹pp›, ‹tt›, and ‹kk› is pronounced ‹hp›, ‹ht›, and ‹hk›, respectively.

Umlauts
In Slettala, certain vowels trigger umlauts within eachother. A common example is the U-Umlaut, when an a becomes a ö because the next syllable contains a u. This particular umlaut does not hold tru in Slettala, but most umlauts in Slettala follow this same particular rule. Other umlauts:
 * o + ó = ú, example: hós in the accusative, which adds +o for that special class, becomes húso.
 * ú + u = i, example: máðúr in the genitive, which adds +u for that special class, becomes máðiru.
 * u + e = i, example: hœndur in the accusative, which adds +e for that special class, becomes hœndire.
 * ú + ó = e, example: máðúr in the dative, which adds +ó for that special class, becomes máðeró.
 * u + u = Ø, example: hœndur in the genitive, which adds +u for that special class, becomes hœndru.
 * a + e = ú
 * æ + e = í
 * æ + u = á
 * í + i = a
 * í + í = Ø
 * í + é = ú
 * í + o = jú

Nouns
Nouns in Slettala decline to four cases: the nominative, accusative, genitive, and dative. They have two main classes, common and neuter gender, along with several subclasses under them, the most notable being the common gender and its system of classing by number of syllables in the nominative. Masculine and Feminine genders, along with Neuter genders, are barely seen in traces anymore, even with pronouns (hett, the common third person pronoun, can mean he or she, though the distinction is ususally made with special gender declensions, traces of gender, which are unique to personal pronouns). Among declension by gender and number (which, noticably, merges to create one number in many declensions), nouns are also declined for definiteness. Rather than using articles separately, Slettala suffixes them on, like many Scandivian languages (Icelandic, Norwegian, Sweden, Danish, etc.).

Article Declensions
Technically, articles don't exist in Slettala, for their function is provided by suffixes to a noun. There are four kinds of articles that are affixed to a noun: Definite (the), Indefinite (a/an), Partitive (some), and Negative (no, none, not any).

Common Gender
Nouns in the common gender are the most abundant, as nouns that were in the masculine and feminine genders collapsed into a single common gender. Common genders, by coincidence, have the easiest set of noun classification, with only a few criteria: final syllables, and number of syllables. Essentially, however, declensions recycle eachother out, therefore nouns with three syllables share the same declensions with nouns that have six syllables. There is no exact way of determining nouns in the common gender, though most tend to not have a specific ending, as opposed to neuter nouns, which all end in either -a, -e, -ur, -œl, and -ærr. Note: there are exceptions to the endings.

First class
The first class of nouns are nouns that contain an odd number of syllables in the nominative form. Because of typical vowel changing, most nouns will go through umlaught whilst going through declension. Atleast once in every declension, the plural will have merged with the singular, and the context will need to be used to figure out the number.

Second class
These nouns, however, have an even number of syllables in the nominative form.

Third class
The third class of nouns are not as common as the above nouns, but still exist. These nouns are compound words. Therefore, while hœndur and hjúkrúrnær, which mean dog and nurse, respectively, would both be in the first declension, however, dog nurse, or hœndurhjúkrúnær, would fall under the third class. Note, umlaut does not occur when words compound together, only in declensions do they occure.

Phrases
Hœndiren drúngní fattírell fræ síngerenne.
 * The dog drank water from the lake.
 * 1) Hœndiren -> Dog, singular definite nominative, from hœndur.
 * 2) Drúngní --> Drank, third person simple past, from drínge.
 * 3) Fattíre --> Water, singular accusative, from fattír.
 * 4) Fræ --> From, governing the Dative
 * 5) Síngeren --> Lake, singular definite dative, from síng.

Hette loket érisenne œntúg áð ítárim.
 * She closes the window before eating dinner.


 * 1) Hette --> Feminine nominative declension of hett.


 * 1) Loket --> Closes, third person simple present, from loke.


 * 1) Érisen --> Window, singular definite accusative, from éris.


 * 1) Œntúg --> Before, governing the Genitive.


 * 1) Áð --> Gerundive particle, from áð.


 * 1) Ítárim --> Eating, singular genitive gerund/past participle of eat, from ítáre.