Уацин

General information
A lot of the grammar is derived from German, but none of the Vocabulary, or anything else, really.

Alphabet
NOTE: У ONLY makes the /w/ sound if preceding another vowel (i.e. the word "Уацин" pronounced wät̪͡s̪iːn).

NOTE: И ONLY makes the /j/ sound if preceding another vowel, as with У. The only exception to this word is the indefinite article for humanly-class, иo, pronounced iʲʌ.

NOTE: Й will "strongly" palatalize (make a /j/ sound) when following a vowel. For example: the natural-class, dative-case form of the 2nd-person singular: фравэй is pronounced fɹɑveɪjə.

NOTE: Ь will, whenever present (unless after consonant), always denote a glottal stop. For instance: in the definite article for the magical-class (тлoьe), it will be pronounced tlɒʔe. However, when Ь is present after a consonant, it will immediately palatalize that consonant, much like what it does in Russian, (and, when at the end of a word, add a "schwa" sound) as in the dative-case, natural-class forms of Third Person Singular pronouns: равь, рувь, рэвь, ривь. They are pronounced, respectively: rävʲə ruvʲə revʲə rivʲə.

Phonotactics
Syllables can take the form (C)(V)(R)(C)V(C)(R)(V)(C), "C" being any consonant, and "V" being any vowel.

The other syllabic combinations are as follows (in order from most used to least):

CVCVC, CVC, CCVCC, CVVC, CV, VC, VVC, CCV, CVV, VCC, VCV, VCR, VVR, VRV, RV, & R

C=лжцвптрнйкдфшθ

V=эиауео

R=ь

Nouns
Nouns in can inflect for several reasons: Уацин nouns can be either singular (SG) or plural (PL).
 * Number
 * Case
 * Class
 * Definiteness

They may be either definite (DEF) or indefinite (NDEF).

The nouns can belong to one of four classes: natural (NATR), magical (MAG), humanly (HUM), or inanimate (INMT).

There are four cases that they can decline according to: nominative (NOM), accusative (ACC), dative (DAT), or genitive (GEN).

Person
To conjugate regular verbs, you change the first couple letters of the verb to make it follow this chart: * Gender neutral will mean any living humanoid who has a drawing to either sex, or none at all.

Tense
To conjugate a verb for Past Tense, add the suffix -ви.

To conjugate a verb for Future Tense, add the suffix -цин.

All Conjugations
Simplified version of all regular conjugations shown below:

Plurals
Whenever a word ends in a consonant, add "-эп" to the end to form a plural to any noun; if it ends in a vowel, add "-п" to the end. Nevertheless, when a noun ends in Ь, the ending will still be "-эп" but the Ь will change to a Й.

Ownership/Possessiveness
To make a name (or noun) the owner of an object, let's say "Valerie's name," you would write their name, in which case this does work out in this alphabet, and add ,п or ,эп depending on whether or not there is a vowel on the end.

To see it completely written down:

"Валери,п циан." [Valerie's name.]

So, just to clarify, instead of writing 's at the end of a name or using an apostrophe, you'd use a comma and then add ,п or ,эп. Just like plurals. More on ownership (Genitive Case) explained slightly in the Pronoun Case section.

Negation
To negate a sentence, add the word пурну at the end of the sentence, or, if very complicated, directly after the verb that is to be negated.

Participles
To turn a verb into a participle (adjectival form), simply take away the prefix лэ- and that's it. However, if you would like to turn the verb into a past participle then you'd add on the suffix -ви to the end of the "already in adjectival form" participle.

Word Order
Уацин has the “SVO” (Subject, Verb, Object) word order, which just so happens to be the English word order. However, Уацин can be free flowing word order, but with more complicated sentences, it is counted as SVO. In the case of questions, the word order is the same as English as well. For every interjection/exclamation, the verb comes first, then the subject/direct object/etc. much like the English version of the phrase "Thank you," Уацин's word order states that the verb (thank) will be stated before the subject/DO (you). Since "Thank you" is a shortened form of "I thank you," the direct object would have to be you.

The word order of questions, however, is like German. So, for instance, you ask someone, "Where are you going?" you would instead ask them "Where goest thou-NOM?" to take away the copula and make it the German transliteration. Thusly, in Уацин, it would read "Уе лицан фравэ?".

Nevertheless, if you were to ask "Do you hear the sound from the east?" you would transliterate it into "Hearest thou-NOM the-ACC sound from the-GEN east?". It would hereby read in Уацин "Лильакеф фравэ вур шоцьэвэ деж цутньеж?".

Pronoun Case
To know exactly what I am basing this off of, view the chart on this page. However, if you want to see more in-depth charts about personal pronouns and their case/class then scroll down to the Personal Pronouns, cont'd section.

When you are in doubt on which pronoun to use - rather, which class to put it in - simply use the inanimate class (if the object is inanimated), but if the noun/thing/person you are talking to is living, then put it into the class-natural category.

Class/Determiners
Since Уацин is the official language of the dryads, there are four classes: Natural, Magical, Humanly, and Inanimate. The definite and indefinite articles of these classes are as follows:

The genitive case replaces, in English, the words "of the", "from the", or any other deviations as such, as in the Word order example above.

Demonstrative Pronouns
Like verbs, demonstrative pronouns all have their own prefixes (йе-), according to class and case. The demonstrative pronouns will be in the Уацин/Dictionary. Yet, they will be in the (technically speaking) "infinitive" form - as will the Nominative Case/Class Nature prefix.

Modal Verbs
All modal verbs will begin with the letters ди-, much like how regular verbs begin with лэ-. The conjugation and placement of modal verbs is very much like the German conjugation and placement of the verbs according to modal verbs. This rule I am implying is as follows: "The modal verb will be conjugated normally, and modifies the infinitive verb, which is placed at the end of the sentence."

Modal Verb conjugation (of the prefix) follows this chart:

For example, "I want to read the book," would literally translate to, "I want the book to read."

So, in Уацин, it would read:

"Ани цуйунэ вур фуциьа лэциьэ."

Formal
Now, this may seem silly, and it is kind of like German's command punctuation, but with all of Уацин's interjection punctuation, there is an exclamation point (!) at the end of every sentence (interjection). Another thing that every interjection sentence has is that they are speaking directly to someone, so if it is "Hello," it will literally translate to "Hello [Greetings] you!" (word order is stated in the Word Order section.) Keep in mind that all of these interjections are formal, none of them are informal.

Informal
However, the informal forms of the same phrases are below:

Vocabulary
Full Dictionary/Lexicon: here.