Luepolan

General information
The Luepolan language is a constructed language that serves as the official language of Luepola, a country located in Eastern Europe. The language was constructed by various scholars, appointed and paid by the new government to create a new language to unite the various people-groups of the country. Construction of the language began in the late 16th century. The language is primarily inspired by and based on English, but also takes mild cues from Spanish.

Alphabet
The Luepolan Alphabet is very similar to the English Alphabet. Most individual letters are pronounced the same way as in English. Differences are detailed below.


 * C: The letter C is pronounced as the digraph 'ch' (IPA: [tʃ]). The former sounds of the letter C (IPA: [s] and [k]) are now used solely by the letters S and K, respectively.
 * G: The letter G, by itself, is pronounced solely as a 'G' sound, such as in 'get' (IPA: [g]). It is still when used in the digraph 'ng' (IPA: [ŋ]), although the digraph itself is uncommon in Luepolan.
 * J: The letter J is pronounced as the English digraph 'zh' (IPA: [ʒ]). The former sound of J (IPA: [dʒ]) is very uncommon in the Luepolan language, and is represented by the digraph 'dj' when needed.
 * Q: The letter Q is not present in the Luepolan Alphabet. Words using the 'qu' digraph are spelled with 'kw' instead.
 * X: The letter X is pronounced as the digraph 'sh' (IPA: [ʃ]).
 * Y: The letter Y now makes the sound of the English digraph 'th' (IPA: [θ] and [ð]).  The vowel-like sounds of the English Y (IPA: [i], [ɪ], [ai]) are now represented by the letter I (or sometimes the digraph 'ai', in the case of [ai]). The consonant sound of the English Y (IPA: [j]) is now paired with a vowel via an acute accent mark; for example, 'é' would indicate that the [j] sound precedes the vowel sound.

Verb Conjugation
Verbs are conjugated based on tense. The Luepolan language has four tenses: Past, Present, Future, and 'Omni', which is used when the tense is unspecified or unknown. Each tense has a suffix tied to it that is added to a root verb to indicate the tense.

Pronouns
Luepolan pronouns are as follows:

In addition to the English nominative pronoun types, Luepolan also has the pronoun 'Gu', to refer to a Holy figure. It is uncommon in regular speech and is used mainly in Holy scriptures and texts such as the Bible or Qu'ran.

Noun Declension
Nouns are declined according to number. There are three number forms in Luepolan: Singular, Paucal, and Plural. Singular, as in English, is used specifically to refer to one item or entity. Paucal is used to refer to a small number of items and/or entities. Plural is used to refer to a larger amount.

The number at which one would use the plural form rather than the paucal form is not specified, but it is generally accepted and assumed that the paucal form means anywhere between two and seven of the item, with the plural form representing anything greater than that.

The word 'Wu' (We) in Luepolan is a special case: Its base form (which would technically be 'Mu', Luepolan for 'me' or 'I') is used if the recipient of the message is included in the 'we', and it does not discern between the paucal and plural case. This is because it is generally believed that the recipient, if he is included in the group, would know how many are in the group, making differentiation between the paucal and plural case redundant.

When the recipient of the message is not included in the 'we' (such as if one person is speaking to another on behalf of a group), the paucal or plural case must be specified.

Prefixes and Suffixes
In Luepolan, all prefixes end in a vowel, and all suffixes begin with a vowel. This is done so as to avoid impossible or unused consonant combinations (i.e. 'cs'), as well as to avoid resorting to 'exceptions' to get around said combinations. If the word begins with a vowel and a prefix is added, the first letter of the base word becomes accented. This puts the [j] sound between the bordering vowels. Similarly, if the word ends with a non-silent vowel and a suffix is added, then the first letter of the suffix is accented. If the word ends in a silent vowel, the silent vowel is replaced by the non-silent vowel of the suffix.