Hatlian

Hatlian is a language isolate spoken on the fictional area of Hatlania, Kosovo and also some parts of Sweden and Wales.

History
In the 15th century, the area of Hatlania was colonized by the Welsh, in which new loanwords were coined from Welsh to Hatlian.

In the 16th century, the area was also occupied by the Finnish, bringing in many more loanwords from Finnish, although classified as a language isolate.

After the 17th century and later, the area was not occupied by Finland anymore, but more technical words (from English), are now added, such as computer and phone.

Dialects
Hatlian has the following dialects:


 * Standard Hatlian (hytla)
 * North Hatlian (hytlau paxjane)
 * South Hatlian (hetlau etelyne)
 * Takli Hatlian (hytlavo takli)

Phonotactics
The syllable structure of Hatlian is summarized as:


 * (C₁ (C₂) ) V (V) (C₃ (C₄) )

Hatlian syllable structure consists of a mandatory vowel/diphthong nucleus, followed by an optional coda and onset consisting of one or two consonants.

The following constraints are applied:


 * Every syllable must have a nucleus.
 * No /ŋ/ at onset
 * At a complex coda:
 * C₃ is either a voiceless stop, a fricative, /r/, /j, w, l/ or /h/.
 * C₄ is either a voiceless stop, a voiceless or epiglottal fricative, /l/, /j, w/, /r/ or /h/

Stress
The majority of Hatlian words are stressed on the last syllable.

Latin
An acute accent (é) is used to mark stressed vowels.

Cyrillic
Щ is only used in loanwords.

Noun classes
There are four noun classes in Hatlian, in which they all correnspond to genders:


 * the m class: used for male human beings, gods or animals
 * the f class: used for female human beings or animals
 * the d class: used for fluids and mass nouns
 * the x class: used for animals of neuter gender and inanimate objects, big and small.



Number
Number in Hatlian has a simple singular-plural contrast. Depending on type of class and consonantal ending, plurals have many types:

Case morphology
There are six noun cases in Hatlian (ergative, absolutive, dative, illative, equative and vocative).


 * ergative marks the subject of a transitive verb (A)
 * absolutive marks the object of a transitive verb (O) or a subject of an intransitive verb (S)
 * dative marks the indirect object of a sentence
 * illative marks movement into a noun
 * equative marks alikeness of a noun
 * vocative marks the noun as an addressee.

The case suffixes in Hatlian are used:

Pronouns
Hatlian personal pronouns only exist in the 1st and 2nd person, for the 3rd person, the demonstratives kani and kanu are used.

Demonstrative pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns are pronouns which refer to a thing or a person.

Possession of nouns
For the 3rd person, the demonstratives cane and caf are used.