Noslanic

The Noslanic language /nɔslɑnɪk/ is a constructed language (conlang) created by user Lemon82orange.

Consonants
¹ It is represented by n before consonants.

The alphabet
The Noslanic alphabet is based on the ISO basic Latin alphabet, but the Noslanic alfabetë is composed of 35 letters, 26 consonants and 9 vowels. Modified vowels have a diaeresis on the top, and modified consonants have carons. ð and þ come from the Icelandic alphabet, they even represent the same phonemes. The letter Q is the only letter from the basic Latin alphabet that isn't included. All the phonemes are represented by one character, except /ŋ/.

Aa Bb Cc Čč Dd Ðð Ee Ff Gg Ǧǧ Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ňň Oo Öö Pp Rr Ss Šš Tt Þþ Uu Üü Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Žž

The S rule
It usually takes place when adding suffixes to words, when combining nouns to form other words and when forming plurals.
 * When an S is added to an S, they become a Š. ss '→ 'š
 * When an S is added to a T, they become a C. ts '→ c
 * When an S is added to a C, they become a Č. cs '→ 'č

Plurals

 * The S rule takes place here. Example:
 * sens → senš (sense → senses)
 * hemt→ hemc (shirt → shirts)
 * salc → salč (salt → salts)
 * If the noun ends in any other letter, an s is added. Example: nebo → nébos (sky → skies)

Stress and accentuation
Noslanic words follow accentuation rules. They are the same for all words, no exceptions. Vowels with diaeresis (Ëë, Öö, Üü) would have a double acute accent (E̋e̋, Őő, Űű), not an accent over the diaeresis (Ë́ë́, Ö́ ö́, Ǘǘ).
 * The stress is on the last syllable if it ends in a consonant. Example: Azerbajǧan (Azerbaijan)
 * The stress is on the second-to-last syllable if it ends in a vowel. Example: patrë (father)
 * If the stress is somewhere else and the word doesn't follow the rules above, an acute accent is used to mark where the stress is. Example: psikóloga s  (psychology), húndë s  (dogs)

Word order
Noslanic is a SOV language. This means the basic word order is subject + object + verb. Example:

If the sentence is translated literally, it would be Maria books reads.
 *  Marja lívrësa čitre.
 *  Marja  reads books.

Possessives
Possessives are: A letter is added depending on the last vowel the possessed noun has. Example:
 * Mož - My
 * Tož - Your (singular)
 * Sož - His/Her
 * Nož - Our
 * Tojž - Your (plural)
 * Sojž - Their
 * Vož - Your (singular, informal)
 * Vojž - Your (plural, formal)
 * Može ljed. (My song)
 * Sojžy peý. (Their country)
 * Nojža ozjan. (Our ocean)

Positive
They work the same as possessives. Examples:
 * Smačnö bröð. (Tasty bread)
 * Grandë galaksjë. (Big galaxy)
 * Lödi kin. (Ugly child)
 * Blödǧa Marja (Bloody Mary)

Negative
It indicates that a word doesn't have a quality. The suffix -nje is added to the adjective root. If the adjective ends in n, it is replaced by an ň (see example at the first sentence below).
 * Gröňje xerb. (Non-green grass)
 * Ewropajnje grédar. (Non-European citizen)
 * Originalnje tjel. (Unoriginal story) - The story is not "unoriginal", but "not original", the words for English adjectives like "unoriginal" do not exist in Noslanic.

Superiority
The suffix -me is added to the adjective root. If the adjective root ends in -m, it is replaced by a -b (see example at the fourth sentence below).
 * Moža vejetal molme la toža sic. (My vegetable is smaller than yours)
 * Sujža dam bonme sic. (Their house is better)
 * Lës granpatrës vežme-tu syc. (The grandfathers are older than you)
 * Las lajňas uniforbe-las-sožas syc. (The lines are more uniform than yours)

Equality
The suffix -sa is added to the adjective root. If the adjective root ends in -s, -t or -c, the S rule occurs.


 * Las fraws bajča-tu syc. (The women are as equal as you)
 * On baryka žívnësa-sa sic. (A wall is as alive as her)
 * Das padu'šas komfórtnësa vat las so'žas syc. (Those pads are more comfortable than his)

Inferiority
The suffix -fe are added to the adjective root. If the adjective root ends in -f, it is replaced with an -v.'''
 * Je intelektalfe-suj sim. (I am less inteligent than them)
 * Saža műsik bornfe sic. (Her music is less boring)
 * Tožas vestáðas gránfe vat las sájžas syc. (Your clothes are less big than theirs)

Positive
The suffix -mü is added to the adjective root.
 * Tu altmü ses. (You are the tallest)
 * Suj žentnmü personës lu bóteju syc. (They are the most gentle people in the world)
 * Nuj bonmü sym. (We are the best)

Negative
The suffix -fü ​is added to the adjective root.


 * Suomla lajxfü lan sic. (Finnish is the least easy language)
 * Noj dumfü sym. (We are the least foolish people)
 * Ðis spagetis föwrnëfü recet sic. (These spaghettis are the least hot recipe)

Personal pronouns
¹ Used for objects, concepts and non-human living things (animals, insects, bacteria...).

Conjugation

 * All verbs in infinitive end in er.
 * In order to conjugate a verb, a suffix is added, replacing the infinitive suffix.
 * If the infinitive ends in a consonant and a j or w, an i or an u (respectively) is added before the suffix (see example at Future in the table below).
 * There are no irregular verbs.
 * In the participle, if the verb root ends in t, it is replaced with þ (see example at Passive voice table below).

Grammatical cases
Noslanic has 6 cases. However, declensions are not very complicated and work the same in all nouns.

Nominative
It marks the subject. It is also used if the word is placed in a sentence without verb and object. Words in nominative are not declined. Examples:
 * La cajša
 * The box
 * On garderob mítǧosa kriptric.
 * A wardrobe hides sockets.

Accusative
It marks the direct object. To decline a word in accusative, an a should be added. If the word ends with a vowel, ja is added. Examples:
 * Moža graňa hemča tešic.
 * My grandma knits shirts.
 * Du mišku an idíaja habic.
 * This cat has an idea.

Dative
It marks the indirect object. To decline a word in dative, an e should be added. If the word ends with a vowel, je is added. Examples:
 * Des polizéses þe mane an armaja kofic.
 * These policemen buy that man a gun.
 * Jon an bronca Márjaje gabric.
 * Jon gives Marja a present.

Prepositive
It states where something or someone is, and where it comes from. It would correspond to prepositions in, on, at, from and by. To decline a word in locative, an  u  should be added. If the word ends with a vowel,  ju  is added. Examples:
 * Toži kind skulu sic.
 * Your child is at school.
 * Les ánreðs lu stolu syc.
 * The soups are on the table.
 * Të tekstë Arabilaju sem.
 * This text is in Arabic.

Instrumental
It indicates that a noun is the instrument or means by or with which the subject achieves or accomplishes an action. To decline a word in locative, an y   should be added. If the word ends with a vowel,  jy  is added. Examples:
 * Je lë livrë yn peny srajbem.
 * I write the book with a pencil.
 * Ana lys lentejy vidjem.
 * Anna sees with glasses.

Genitive
It indicates that a noun is the possessor of other. To decline a word in genitive, an i   should be added. If the word ends with a vowel, ji  is added. Examples:
 * L'apyl li lőreri.
 * The teacher's apple.
 * Le gred lis bördsi.
 * The birds' city.

Vocabulary
Noslanic vocabulary is mainly composed of Romance, Germanic and Slavic words. It also includes some Celtic, Greek, Japanese and Turkic vocabulary.

Greetings

 * haj - hello, hi
 * bona ðag - good day
 * bonë jutrë - good morning
 * bonë tardë - good afternoon
 * bono noč - good evening
 * bona šlafaða- good night (lit. good sleeping)
 * adjó - goodbye, bye
 * Vak ses-tu? - How are you?
 * Je bon sem - I'm fine
 * Vak tože njem sic? - What's your name? (lit. How is your name?)
 * Je ta ljubem - I love you
 * Je sem... - I am...
 * Vak vež sem-tu? - How old are you?
 * Je habre ... jars vež - I'm ... years old (lit. I have ... years old)
 * Tu komes os...? - Where are you from? (lit. You come from...?)
 * bonkomt - Welcome

Colours

 * kolorë - colour
 * klar - bright
 * šad - dark
 * rot - red
 * oranž - orange
 * amarel - yellow
 * grön - green
 * turkwasë - turquoise, teal
 * blöv - blue
 * índigo - indigo
 * purprë - purple
 * lílak - lilac
 * pink - pink
 * bjelë - white
 * černë - black
 * graj - grey

Fruits

 * früt - fruit
 * apyl - apple
 * tomat - tomato
 * banana - banana
 * jordböra - strawberry
 * naranxë - orange
 * limó - lemon
 * limë - lime
 * sandia - watermelon
 * meló - melon
 * perë - pear
 * momo - peach
 * blövfrütkü - blueberry
 * rotfrütkü - raspberry
 * černfrütkü - blackberry
 * grosijer - currant
 * þerecë - cherry
 * plumë - plum

European countries

 * Únite-Königover - United Kingdom
 * Íngland - England
 * Këmry - Wales
 * Skotlynd - Scotland
 * Ejre-Norðsi - Northern Ireland (lit. Ireland of the norths)
 * Ejre - Ireland
 * Frans - France
 * Espaňa - Spain
 * Portugal - Portugal
 * Dojčlant - Germany
 * Nederland - Netherlands
 * België - Belgium
 * Italja - Italy
 * Elaða - Greece
 * Suomi - Finland
 * Sverje - Sweden
 * Norgë - Norway
 * Danmark - Denmark
 * Rësia- Russian
 * Polska - Poland
 * Českja-Repúblika - Czech Republic
 * Majarorsag - Hungary
 * Latvija - Latvia
 * Lietuva - Lithuania
 * Esti - Estonia
 * Romynjë - Romania
 * Bëlgária - Bulgaria
 * Hërvacka - Croatia
 * Bosna-ër-Hercegóvina - Bosnia & Herzegovina
 * Serbia - Serbia
 * Škipërí - Albania

Time

 * tempa - time
 * sekonda - second
 * minuta - minute
 * hor- hour
 * ðag- day
 * menzë - month
 * jar - year
 * cinkjaraða - five-year period, lustrum
 * tenjaraða - decade
 * sikla - century
 * milenja - millenium
 * époka - era, time, age, period
 * pretérita - past
 * prezentë - present
 * futura - future
 * reložjo - clock
 * hentreložjo - watch
 * amanesaða - dawn, daybreak
 * jutrë - morning
 * mitðag- midday, noon
 * tardë - afternoon
 * krepúskula - twilight, crepuscule, dusk
 * noč - night
 * mitnoč - midnight
 * hiber - winter
 * e̋rax - spring
 * eté - summer
 * oþoňa - autumn, fall
 * műnðag - Monday
 * tűrðag - Tuesday
 * ódðag - Wednesday
 * þórðag - Thursday
 * frígðag - Friday
 * sáturðag - Saturday
 * sólðag - Sunday
 * janer - January
 * febrer - February
 * marze - March
 * april - April
 * maj - May
 * junë - June
 * ǧulje - July
 * ogosta - August
 * septembrë - September
 * oktobrë - October
 * novembrë - November
 * dezembrë - December