Bákaga



Bákaga(Language) is the great language of the Dog of Wisdom.

Bákaga contains a very small phonemic inventory and has a strict VSO word order and is strictly head initial.

Phonetics
The vowels are consistent in all but one case.

/ɛ/ →[ɪ]/_[+Palatal]

This only occurs due to a feeding relationship of another phonetic rule involving the retroflex /ʂ/.

/ʂ/→[ç̠]_[+Dorsal]

This turns the retroflex sound into a palatal which in turn creates a surface [ɪ] from an underlying /ɛ/.

Besides this, there isn't a lot of phonetic variation of any consonants or vowels

Phonotactics
There are only 9 possible syllables in Bákaga. /bɐ/,/pɐ/,/ɖɐ/,/kɐ/,/gɐ/,/hɐ/,/bwɐ/,/dɛʂ/,kɛʂ/. These are romanized as 'ba','pa','da','ka','ga','ha',bwa','desh',and 'kesh' respectively. These can also have phonemic stress applied to each of them, which adds an accent diacritic in the romanization.

Orthography
Bákaga uses a sllyabary orthography, with one set for accented and another for unaccented.

Nouns
Nouns do not decline; helper words and word order are instead used to convey case.

Pronouns
The second 1st person Plural pronoun is exclusive, and the first is inclusive.

Verbs
Accentuation shows tense.

The model verb is the verb "to eat" with the root form kabapa. Which syllable is accented exactly is important, and follows the following pattern:

First, as in kababá, is always future, second, as in kabába is always present, and third, as in kábaba, is always past. Verbs are always at least 3 syllables except in few special cases.

There is a second type of verb called "reduced" forms, which have a 3 syllable stem but only surface as two syllables depending on tense.

"To be" in Bákaga is actually a completely regular reduced verb. Past and Present take the first two syllables of the stem. whereas the future takes on the final two.

There are a limited number of reduced forms in Bákaga but they happen to be very common verbs.

Hágaga - "to have"

Pádada - "to come/go"

Gákada- "to hunt"

Dábabwa- "to find"

Bákaga- "to say"

Passive Voice
Kesh and desh become attached to verbs as a suffix to create passive voice in the past and present tense respectively. The future is created with no suffix but with the future form of "to be".

Articles
The only article of bákaga is the definite article "the", translated as da. This article does not decline for any reason. In addition, the article is always the final element of a noun phrase.

Syntax
[[File:2020-12-04 23 08 30-TreeForm.png|thumb|295x295px| Tree Example:

Ga hábaka bába da (dog large very the) 'The very large dog' ]]

Noun Phrases
Noun phrases always begin with the head. The phrase 'the dog chases the cat' would be translated as '' pabakába ga da dabá da. ''Literally: chases dog the cat the. Determiners and adjective phrases always follow the head. Determiners are always the final part of a noun phrase.

Adjective Phrases
Similar to the Noun Phrases, the head is always initial followed by degree words.

Babel Text

 * 1) Hága hápapa gába pádesh da bwákaga badésh ba bága bwádesh pa.(Had now, Earth whole the language one and word same [p])
 * 2) Bapá pákada pabwá báha pa pába dahá, dába bwa daháka gápa bapabwá Shinar bákesh da bapá bádaba bwa hádesh (and left as person [p] from east, found they plain in land Shinar [of] the and settled they there)
 * 3) Báka bwa báhaba, "padá dáka, hagápa háda dáka gabwadá padába pa bapá kadáka háda dáhaba desh dáha". Hága bwa gabwadá padába báda gabwadá ba kábaha báda gabwáda. (they said [to] eachother, "come [IMP], we make [IMP] stone square [p], and burn thorough [advP.] them. Had they stone square for stone and asphalt for mortar.