Heronoi

Classification and Dialects
Heronoi (Heronoi Quita) is a language spoken by the Heronoi, a race of blond, blue-eyed humanoids that live at the northeastern part of the continent of Palkyras. The Heronoi were descendants of aliens that conquered their homeland and intermarried with the natives. They resemble humans, but they can be told apart with their glowing skin, their flammable blood, their berserk rage, and their innate fear of lunar eclipses and ice cream.

Dialects
In the Heronoi dialect spoken in the capital city, Wanaxawoiko, later used among youngsters across the nation, u tends to be pronounced as [ɯ] or [ʊ], especially when unstressed and short.

Western Heronoi

 * z - [z~ʑ] not [dz]
 * -k (before g, g', gw, k, kh, qu)
 * -s - [ʃ]
 * r - [l], [ɾ] in important words, following vowel omitted at the end of a word
 * dh - [z]
 * th - [s]
 * w - [β]
 * x - [xs]
 * gw, qu - [xw]

Eastern Heronoi

 * ō - [wo] after g, g', k, and kh
 * gw - merged to b, g, p except in formal words
 * qu - merged to b, f, g, p except in formal words
 * th - [tʰ]
 * dh - [z]
 * z - merged to g, s
 * r - [l] in many words
 * l and š are considered separate phonemes from r and x
 * x - [ʃ] at the start of words

Siangwaanian Heronoi
This is the dialect Gworofando and Wiresa uses, and its pronunciation is considered the standard pronunciation in Siangwaan.


 * Similar to Standard Heronoi
 * th - [tʰ]
 * dh - [ð~d]
 * r - [r] (trill)
 * -ō verbal suffix - [-wo(n)]
 * x - [ks~is]. [ks] between vowels, [is-] at the start of a word
 * ö - [ø], [-oi] at the end of a word
 * -an adjective - [aŋ]
 * Keeps gw and qu

External history
HorsesDrivingVans designed the Heronoi language at around 2015-2016. He based it on transcriptions of Linear B (an ancient form of writing used for the Greek language), Latin, and Japanese.

Phonotactics
Syllable structure: (C)(w)(V)(V)(n/s/t)

Writing System
Heronoi also has its own syllabary.

Pronunciation

 * a - [ä], [ʌ~ə] unstressed
 * an - [ʌn], [ʌ̃~ʌŋ] in the adjective suffix -an
 * dw - [dʷ]
 * dh, ð - [ð]
 * ē - [æ], [ej] after w
 * g - [g], [j] before short [i]
 * gw - [gw]
 * g' - [gʱ]
 * j - [j]
 * kh - [x]
 * n before m - long m
 * n before n - long n
 * n before other consonants - nasalises consonant
 * ö - [ø], [-øj] after w, [-wo̞j] at the end of a word
 * ō - [ɔ], [ɔ~ʌ(n~ŋ)] in the verbal ending -ō
 * qu - [kw]
 * r - [ɾ]
 * s before any consonant - [ʃ]
 * s before s - long s
 * s before s at the start of a word - [ʃ]
 * t before any consonant - long consonant
 * t before s - [t͡s]
 * tw - [tʷ]
 * th - [θ]
 * [tʰ] in eastern dialects
 * x - [k͡s]
 * y - [y], [ɯ] when unstressed, [-jo̞] at the end of a word
 * z - [d͡z]
 * á, í, ó, é, ú, ý, ḗ, ṓ, ö́ - long vowel

Pronouns
nominative - accusative - genitive


 * I: imo/ima - omo/oma - iso/ise (masc/fem0
 * thou: du/dawa - dumo/duma - dusa/duwasa
 * he/she: ito/ita - seto/seta - itosa/itisa
 * singular/anonymous they - etai - sete - itese
 * romantic we - dwaima - dwaimaja - dwaisa
 * inanimate it: itu - setu - itesu
 * abstract it: itumo - setyma - itysu
 * we: itwö - tömo - twosa
 * you: wo - twymo - wosa
 * they: tetwo - setwo - twesa
 * royal I: Wanaxa
 * royal thou: Dwaxa
 * royal he/she: Dwaxasa
 * royal they: Wixa - Wixama - Wixasa

-sa is used for genitive for words, but if a word ends with sa, -sa is changed to -so.

-toge - -self

-mai - (plural)

Verbs
Infinitive - continuous - perfect


 * Past: -(n)iki - -(j)ōniki - -(jō)kita


 * Present: -ō/-jō/-nō - -(j)ōki - kö- ... -(j)oki


 * Future: dwí- - dwí- ... -(jō)ki - dwí- ... -(jō)kita


 * Passive: ...-tö bi X - done by X


 * g'a before verb - do not
 * e.g. g'a temō - do not use
 * g'a after verb - cannot
 * e.g. temō g'a - cannot use
 * -sō - should, must, need to
 * -(o)nö - with (something)

Other verbs

 * nijō - to do
 * temō - to use something
 * jessajō - to need
 * samō - to have
 * idájō - to come
 * miwajō - to be able to do something
 * tajenō - to want to do something
 * nödijō - to become something
 * sēnbaō - to meet
 * amijō - to eat
 * muxijō - to drink
 * symējō - to sleep
 * sujō - to break, to smash, to shatter

Articles

 * te - and
 * -(o)ry - or
 * oto-, -teja - also
 * nu - but, except, however
 * mo ... - for
 * -porý - except
 * ... tes - X of Y
 * -nin - of a substance or colour

Noun affixes

 * -dono - doer
 * -bono - doer of a profession


 * -doro - doer of a formal profession
 * -bano - -ism, -ness
 * -janna - -ness
 * -wai - demonym
 * -bo - demonym, -er

Place prepositions

 * -ni(n) - in, at, or a substance
 * -sö́ - on, above
 * -(jo)di - towards, to
 * -wö - from
 * -pe - out of
 * twixa - between
 * -dosö, -dosoi - under
 * -risö, -risoi - over
 * -jori - very near
 * -ori - near
 * -roni - far
 * -dároni - far away from
 * kare - against, to the opposite of

Time prepositions

 * -mi, mija - now
 * re- - again
 * waraxoe, waxoje - therefore, so that

Amounts

 * tosso - very, many
 * toso - more
 * gise - few
 * -ida - full of
 * -tare - lacking in
 * quone - any
 * des(a) ... - -er
 * tosda ... - -est
 * aro- - all
 * amoi, enboi - every

Questions

 * ka - what
 * oty - when
 * peta - where
 * onnö - who
 * pasa, sa - how

Miscellaneous

 * ra- - only
 * -wara, -noi - like something
 * toni - this
 * tani, dani - that
 * noi - so that
 * suga - just, should, need to

Basics

 * je - yes
 * daija - truly
 * g'a - no
 * daraki - hello
 * haja, hai - hail to you
 * idaki(na)noi, dakinoi - welcome
 * dwikai dipisa (du)? - how are you? (lit. "is your harvest fine?")
 * (dipisa) iso tosso - I am fine (lit. "my harvest is many")
 * du sijanō? - do you understand?
 * ka du temō? - what are you doing? (lit. "what are you using?")
 * tossodari, tosari - thank you
 * ka tosso? - anything else?
 * idájō jes! - come here!
 * wikauge, wikaute - sorry
 * sýmunte in Eastern Heronoi
 * tarauma - goodbye
 * taraumas - farewell
 * -aje? - (interrogative), ... ?
 * -je(s)! - (intensifier), ... !

Numbers
Modern and Old Heronoi (O)

0; 1-10


 * (O) g'owos, anna, dwos, tiri, pweso, iru, aixa, anija, saisa, jaraxa, pijewo/saiti
 * gogwo; ana, duwo, tiri, peso, iru, axa, anē, aisa, jaxa, pewo
 * 11-20: anpijo, dwepijo, tiripijo, setpijo, rypijo, (e)xapijo, (a)nēpijo, (ai)sēpijo, jaxēpijo, wisaiti/waisati/dwosati
 * 30-90: tirisati, pessoti, irysati, atxati, naisati, aisati, jatxati
 * 100 - mija
 * 200-900 - dwemija, tirimija, pesomija, irymija, axamija, naisamija, aisamija, jaxamija
 * 1000 - adara
 * 2000-9000 - dwedara, tiridara, pesodara, irudara, axadara, naisadara, aisadara, jaxadara
 * 10000 - kywano/sodara

A

 * araja - white
 * ari - red
 * asa - life
 * áxi - ice
 * azoja - direction

B

 * beja - love
 * beō - to love
 * bexa - happy
 * bori - book

D

 * daija - world
 * dája - truth
 * dára - great
 * dáragoma - full Moon
 * daxo - hero
 * dethu - foot, trail, path
 * dori - tree
 * dō - to give

Dw

 * dwaxija - diamond
 * dwono - plate, tribute, offering
 * dworo - door, gate

E

 * esanoja - east

F

 * farano - fern

G

 * geno - people, race
 * gomi - moon
 * gotin - bad

Gw

 * gwepei - orange
 * gwinan - small
 * gwonō - to open
 * gworija, gworo - north

G'/Gh

 * g'ori - green

H

 * haja - holy
 * hawe - wing
 * hinan - good
 * hiō - to want
 * hóquo - fire
 * hóquō - to burn

I

 * irawi - bright, fair, good
 * irejo - priest
 * íro - heat

J

 * jarajan - divine
 * jasa - light

K

 * kara - blood
 * karō - to bleed
 * kijawo - rider, knight
 * koma - hair
 * kukoro - wheel, cycle
 * kunija - woman
 * kuruso - golden
 * kury - gold colour
 * kurykoma - blonde

M

 * míwo - bird
 * mosono - man
 * múro - darkness, night
 * muxijō - to drink

N

 * naima - wind
 * najen(o) - while, meanwhile
 * najewa - birth
 * nani - day
 * nara - sky
 * neiwo - new


 * neizotai - new year
 * néjō - to observe, to watch
 * nerijō - to become
 * nijō - to do
 * noja - home


 * nopori - citrus, orange fruit
 * nowijō - to take one step at a time
 * numino - fog, smoke
 * nutō - to retreat, to fall ball
 * nutōro - falling back, recession, rolling ball, reversal

O

 * oboja - south


 * opero - debt, loan
 * Óquō najen du karō! - Burn while you bleed!
 * This is considered the strongest curse in the Heronoi language.
 * oriko - few
 * osa - ask, prayer
 * ósaboti - morning
 * ósana - blue
 * osajō - to pray
 * otokamidi - option, choice (when in great danger)
 * otejo - when (archaic)
 * otojō - to add, to include
 * oty - when

P

 * paitejo - vampire demon, ice cream, horror
 * paixéja - beautiful
 * pakano - blade
 * parewa - clothes
 * parē - danger
 * paro - battle-axe
 * pata - foot
 * pawi - previous
 * paxeta - waterfall
 * peirasi - please
 * pira - river
 * pojomo - herder
 * pötai - arrow
 * púra - fire

Qu

 * quasera, quasa - lord
 * querijo - gold (substance)
 * quita - language

R

 * ratisō - to dance
 * rime - lake
 * rúki - dream
 * rydwo - horse

S

 * saino - honour
 * saja - star
 * sari - silver
 * sija - colour
 * soi - soul
 * sonnö - grey
 * sonnu - snow
 * sume - sleep

T

 * tarauma - goodbye
 * taxe - hand
 * teru - light blue
 * tiza - city
 * túnasō - to stop
 * túron - brown

Tw

 * twemunijō - to bleed severely, to be in a critical condition, to suffer great damage
 * twymo - ye all

Th

 * thajō - to think
 * thijunō - to hide
 * thorequo - person, being

U

 * unujō - to listen

W

 * wanaxa - king
 * warixa - spear
 * wezu - armoured wraith
 * wikefö - vampire
 * woi - fish
 * woiko - home
 * woquo - chariot
 * woxajo - forest wight
 * woxajō - to ask
 * woxo - forest

X

 * xeja - grass
 * xenija - herbs, medicine
 * xefo - sword
 * xuradana - birthday (not an anniversary, but the exact day you were born)
 * xurasō - to have a child, to give birth

Z

 * zawai - year
 * zewoka - balance
 * zoni - death
 * zō - to die

Dialect pronunciations
Dáragomi jumeraida mo aro-Heronowajo-mai.

Да́рагомі јумераіда мо аро-Хероноўајо-маі.

Standard: [ˈdäːɾʌgomi juˈmeɾai̯dʌ mo ˈäɾoheɾonowʌjomai̯]

Western: [ˈdäɾəgomi ɯˈmelai̯də mo ˈɔlohelonoβajomai̯]

Eastern: [ˈdalagomi jyˈmelaitʌ mo ˈalohelɔnoajomai̯]

Siangwaanian: [ˈdaragomi juˈmeraida mo ˈaːroheronowajomai̯]

"The full moon is the symbol of all Heronoi people." - Kitamewa Rimökaru

Other samples
'''Aro-kara haja. G'a kewarynō itumo nymaweböna.'''

[ˈäɾokäɾʌ ˈhäjʌ gʱa keˈwaɾynʌŋ iˈtumo nymaˈwebønʌ]

All blood is holy. Do not spill it unnecessarily.