Kossian

Monophthongs

 * /ɛ/ is pronounced [ə] in unstressed syllables
 * /y/ only appears in loan words or as the i-umlaut of /u/

Diphthongs
Kossian has three fronting diphthongs /aɪ̯ eɪ̯ oɪ̯/ and three backing diphthongs /aʊ̯ eʊ̯ oʊ̯/.

Tones
Kossian is a tonal language and differentiates between two tones in stressed syllables: high and low tone, although they are very commonly realized as rising and falling. Tone affects all monophthongs and diphthongs.

Consonants

 * /n/ is assimilated to following consonants and can be pronounced [m n ŋ]
 * /b d g/ show intervocalic lenition and are then pronounced [v ð ɣ]
 * /r/ can be pronounced [ɾ r] in free variation