Talger

=Overview==

Stress
Stress goes to the second-to-last (penultimate) syllable, unless otherwise specified with an acute accent

In infinitives (-er words), the stress is ALWAYS on the last syllable

Conjugate According To:

 * Number:  Null (used mostly to negate), Singular, Plural
 * Person:
 * First
 * Presumed Second (explanation later)
 * Third
 * Anonymous (unneeded identity, or a nonentity)

Particles Determine:
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 * Tense:  Presumed Present, Future, Conditional
 * Aspect:  Presumed Simple, Perfect, Progressive
 * Mood:
 * Presumed Indicative
 * Subjunctive
 * Appositive (The book which is on the table)
 * Nihil (used for passive voice, and other things)

Conjugation Table
Drop -er and add endings below (Stress then goes the the penultimate syllable, unless otherwise specified): Imperitives are always simply -y

Negation
In indicative clauses, a `nej` preceeds the verb. Since adjectives can't be used as objects (`He is green` becomes `He green` : Ŕi grunal), this negation is done with the `nej` before the adjective. NEGATIONS PRECEED ASPECT PARTICLES

In imperative clauses, the verb is conjugated to anonymous null.

Particles
'In the previously mentioned `He green` situation, particles are still used. For instance, `He was green` becomes `He green`, but in the past tense -- `Ŕi ja grunal`. If an aspect particle is used, it is put after any negation, as seen in the heirarchy below.'

Particle Stacking
The order in which particles are placed is as follows:
 * Mood
 * Tense
 * Negation
 * Aspect

Pronouns
''---  The Anon (singular and plural) ergatives are not assigned pronouns. No subject is used  ---'''

Interrogatives
Interrogatory sentences begin with an inquiry word and end with a question mark. The subject is placed after the verb.

True/False questions, i.e. "Did you go shopping yesterday?" are formed by placing the subject after the verb and adding a question mark '?'

Confirmation questions, i.e. "You went shopping yesterday?" are formed as declarative statements are, with a subject at the beginning of the sentence. These types are preceeded by inverted question mark '¿' and followed by a standard question mark '?'

Article Chart
Articles must agree in number, case, and gender/definitiveness (same thing in Talger).

Adjectives -a
- Adjectives are placed after what they modify

Posessives
The posessive adjectives are formed by taking the noun, dropping -e, and adding -oña.

I.e.


 * Fŕoĵa - `Cold`   --->   Fŕoĵe - `Coldness`


 * Nakte - `Night`   --->   Nahktoña - `Night's`


 * Dal - Gamma Article


 * Taker - `To Cope`   --->   Tak-ebra - `Bearable`   --->   Tak-ebral - `Bearable` (Absolutive)


 * Dal fŕoĵe nahktoña ja kine takeblan

Posessives for personal pronouns are irregular as follows:

Other Adjectives
Non-posessive adjectives can have the following degree affixes attached, provided they can logically be used. (Something can't be `extremely electric`) *** PA = Predicate Adjective

Cases and Plurals
Adjectives must agree in case and number with the noun they modify. The following chart shows inflection.

Modification Through Participles
'''Many languages allow past participles, and even present participles, to be used as adjectives. Since Talger does not have participles, the following is how the equivalent is performed. The english participle-adjective is italicized throughout.'''

Past Participle:  The overworked man needs a nap.
 * Trạver - `To work`  --->  Deso-Trạver
 * Home - `Man`
 * Necer - `To need`
 * Dormer - `To sleep`  --->  Dorme - `Sleep/Nap` (noun)
 * Du home se nu dese-traví necạ u dorme.  (The man whom someone overworks needs a nap)

Present Participle:  The working man needs a nap.
 * Du home ke traví necạ u dorme.  (The man who works needs a nap)