Ituyagul/phonology

Ituyagul the largest phoneme inventory of all constructed languages without clicks, having 156 consonants, 113 vowels, and 90 tone sandhi. It has consonants in eleven places articulation, 37 distinct plosives, 45 affricates, and 43 fricatives.

Vowels
Like most Germanic languages, Ituyagul has a large vowel inventory. 36 phonemic monophtongs exist in Ituyagul, all of them being in long and short pairs. There are 5 vowel heights and 4 articulations.

All diphtongs end in the vowels i, y, ɯ, u, and a, with the exception of the falling diphtongs ie, yø, ɯɤ, and uo, resulting in 84 diphtongs.

Tone
Like most Niger-Congo languages, tone plays an important role in inflectional morphology. Ituyagul uses tone to inflect nouns and verbs for voice and person.

In the orthography, Chao tone letters are used due to the large number of tone sandhi (90).

Allophones
The significant allophonic distinctions for Ituyagul phonemes are as follows:
 * /r/  In normal speech, this phoneme is pronounced as a voiced apico-alveolar trill [r]. However, when it follows the consonants the voiced alveolar fricatives [z, ɮ] it is slightly raised to [r̝], as in Czech, Kashubian, Kobon, and and Slovakian.
 * /ɲ̊, ɲ, ɲʱ, tɕ, tɕʰ, tɕʼ, dʑ, dʑʱ, ɕ, ɕʰ, ʑ, ʑʱ/  All of those consonants listed are alveolo-palatal. Before or after front vowels, they are true palatal /ɲ̊, ɲ, ɲʱ, cç, cçʰ, cçʼ, ɟʝ, ɟʝʱ, ç, çʰ, ʝ, ʝʱ/.
 * /ɽ/  Normally a retroflex flap, geminated /ɽ/ is a retroflex trill [ɽr], only occuring in Toda and Wintu.
 * /ħ, h/  Before or after dental and alveolar consonants, they are bidental /h̪͆ˤ, h̪͆/.

Phonotactics
Ituyagul's syllable structure can be summarized as follows in which parentheses enclose optional components. Cᵒ1(Cᵒ2) V (C1) (Cᶜ1 (Cᶜ2))

The syllable structure consists of a syllable onset, consisting of one consonant and followed by an optional second one; an obligatory syllable nucleus, consisting of a vowel optionally preceded by and/or followed by a semivowel; and an optional syllable coda, consisting of one or two consonants.

The following constraints apply:


 * Unless Cᵒ1 is epiglottal or glottal, /l, ʎ, r, ɽ, j, w/ are the only consonants that could follow Cᵒ1.
 * The optional coda Cᶜ2 could not be /l, ʎ, r, ɽ, j, w/.
 * Diphtongs ending in /i, u/ could not be followed by C1.