Harveg

Nouns
Case-System:  The Harvegan language has 4 cases: Nominative, Genitive, Dative and Accusative. Nouns change according to case but also according to ending. Therefore Harveg has 6 declination classes:

Class-I: Nouns ending in "-e"

Singular              Plural

Nominative:   -e                      -et

Genitive:       -as                    -eta

Dative:          -er                    -aras

Accusative:   -en                   -a

Example words:  "engvorme"= the attempt     "aane"=the bird

Nominative:  engvorme        engvormet

Genitive. engvormas      engvormeta

Dative:        engvormer       engvormaras

Accusative: engvormen      engvorma

Nominative:   aane            aanet

Genitive:       aanas          aaneta

Dative:          aaner          aanaras

Accusative:   aanen         aana

Class-II: Nouns ending in "-a"

Sgl             Pl

Nom         -a               -at

Gen         -as              -eta

Dat           -ar              -aras

Acc          -an             -en

Example words: "shuppa"=the fish

Nom        shuppa         shuppat

Gen         shuppas       shuppeta

Dat          shuppar       shupparas

Acc         shuppan       shuppen

Class-III: Nouns ending in "-ål"

Nom      -ål           -illet

Gen      -ale          -illeta

Dat       -åler        -illaras

Acc      -illa          -illen

Example words:  "vål"= the street

Nom   vål       villet

Gen   vale      villeta

Dat   våler      villaras

Acc  villa       villen

Class-IV: Nouns ending in consonants:

Nom       -            -et

Gen       -es        -eta

Dat       -er          -aras

Acc      -en         -a

Example words: "manip"=map

Nom    manip     manipet

Gen     manipes   manipeta

Dat      maniper    maniparas

Acc     manipen    manipa

Class V: Nouns ending in "-o"

Nom       -o       -a

Gen       -os     -eta

Dat        -or      -uras

Acc       -e       -en

Example words: agvo = the pencil

Nom   agvo        agva

Gen    agvos     agveta

Dat     agvor       agvura

Acc    agve        agven

Class VI: Nouns ending in "-as" or "-i", adjectives and special nouns, most of which come from science.

Nom     -as/i      -e

Gen     -is         -es

Dat      -ir         -er

Acc     -in         -en

Example words: "benkindvenas"=pregnancy, "klor"=chlorine,  "amgenti"=magnet

Nom benkindvenas    benkindvene

Gen  benkindvenis    benkindvenes

Dat   benkindvenir     benkindvener

Acc  benkindvenin    benkindvenen

Nom  klor        klore

Gen   kloris    klores

Dat    klorir      klorer

Acc   klorin      kloren

Nom   amgenti     amgente

Gen    amgentis   amgentes

Dat     amgentir    amgenter

Acc    amgentin  amgenten

Pronouns:

Subject Pronouns:

Jan = I

Van = You

Tar = He

Dia = She

Han = It

Nem = We

Les = You (plural)

Dai = They

Direct Object Pronouns:

je = me (acc)

ve = you (acc)

ter=him(acc)

dan=her(acc)

hes=it(acc)

nas=us(acc)

las=you(plural, acc)

das=them(acc)

Indirect Object Pronouns:

jom = me (dat)

vom = you (dat)

tum = him (dat)

dom = her (dat)

hom = it (dat)

num = us (dat)

lum = you (plural, dat)

dezi = them (dat)

Possessive Pronouns:

jana = my

vala = your

tara= his

dina = her

hana = its

nena= our

lena = your(pl)

desna= their

Verbs
There are only 3 verb classes in Harveg:

Class I: Verbs ending in "-a" (about 80% of all verbs)

Present tense: "Jezain"

tross a (to help)               skeba  (to see)

tross e                              skeb e

trossan                           skeb an 

tross a                              skeb a 

tross ade                          skeb ade 

tross eman                        skeb eman 

tross at                             skeb at

Other verbs ending in "-a": deita= to take, kenpa= to buy, antenskepa= to anticipate, mansta= to stand

igma= to give, smala= to taste

Class II: Verbs ending in "-ík" (about 15% of all verbs)

kesík (to love) amík (to think)     nadík (to come)

kes ke               amke                     nadke

kes kan             amkan                   nadkan

kes ki                amki                      nadki

kes ake             amake                   nadake

kes kam           amkam                   nadkam

kes kat             amkat                     nadkat

Class III: Verbs ending in "-ók" : (About 5% of all verbs)

alók (to sit)    dravók (to write)

al ke               dra f ke*

al kan             dra f kan*

al ák               dravák

al áke             draváke

al kam            dra f kam*

al kót             dra f kót*


 * An obligatory sound shift happens when combining certain consonants with the "-ók" conjugation:

v + ók -->  -f-       (dravók -> jan drafke)

b + ók --> -p-       (trabók -> jan trapke) (to step over)

d + ók -> -t-         (hadók -> jan hatke ) (to tell lies)

g + ók -> -k-         (lëgók -> jan lëkke) (to shine)

h + ók -> -ch-       (vrehók -> jan vrechke) (to dive)   "ch" pronounced like German "ch" in "Bach"

z + ók -> -s-          (razók -> jan raske) (to cut)

Irregular Verbs:

for (to be)             vór (to have)             ita (to go)               omda ( to want)

tón                      van                          ite                         óm

tan                      ven                          itan                       óman/omdan

ta                        be                           ita                         óma /omda

tande                   vande                      íde                        ônde/ omdade

taman                  vaman                     ítam                       ómdam/omdeman

tabat                   bet                          yátt                        ómat/omdat

Example text
Atset in garvet yátt kvoles brisket for, a só jan amke. = I don't think cats and dogs can be friends. ("Cats and dogs can no friends be, yes so I think)

ats=cat  garf=dog     kvol=none, no  brisk=friend

Itan morpen val fonka?= Can you bake bread? (Can bread you bake?)   morp= bread    fonka=to bake

Ejs, jan ite gór hures eifkona kinta, só ta. = No, I can only make good casserole, you know. (No, I can only good casserole cook, so (it) is.)

ejs=no  gór=only   hór=good eifkona=casserole  kinta=to cook

Jan drafke janas profteser sakripen. Sókkzvaner, dia sakripa naup be vektor. = I write a letter to my teacher(fem), but she never reads them unfortunately. (I write my teacher(dat) letter. Unfortunately, she letters never has read)

proftes= teacher (female)  sakrip=letter  sókkzvaner=unfortunately  naup=never vekta= to read        proftes be vektor = the teacher has read

Jan je alke za elkan ayn za elkar de alók. I sit down on the chair to be seated on the chair. (I me sit on chair(acc) "in order to" on chair(dat) to "be seated")

za=on   elka= chair    ayn.....de...=in order to

Nat han ta? = what is that? nat=what(nom) Kessín ta nat? = What is love? kessín=love Nader val amkan? = What do you think?/What are you thinking about ? nader=what(dat) Naddes val svonan? - What are you talking about? svona=to talk   naddes=what (gen)                                      Net kintan val zinfar? = what do you cook today? net=what(acc)   zinfar=today

Han ta vesk? = Who is this? Vegget kouk smala huri, amkan val? = Whose cake do you think tastes better? huri=better    kouk=cake                       Vér ómdan kessínen val igma? = Whom do you want to give love to? vér=whom(dat)

Rinde móskron zinfar nám plassen deita? Where is the concert going to take place today? Rinde=where   móskron=concert   plass=place  deita=to take      plassen deita=to take place   nám plassen deita=is going to take place

Zarinden han num medina?=Where does this lead to?(Where to this us lead?)    Zarinden=where to      medina=to lead

Yorinde entvas amëgik nadke? - Where does this idea come from? yorinde=Where from    entvas= this, these, those       amëgik=idea

Davin hes mán val tilka? = When will you understand? davin=when    tilka=to understand   val mán tilka= you will understand

Davóza gesten ven? = Until when do you have time? davóza=until when   gest=time

Yodave askan val hes grajs? = How long do you know? (Since when know you this already?)  yodave=since when  aska= to know   grajs=already

Hón laskar gistaras jan vom van svónt ër val jom am vrossener kasban anfor! - How often did I tell you to leave me in peace? hón laskar= how many/how much     gist=the time, the quantity  hón laskar gistaras= how many times/how often            svónt=said/told   ër=...that...(conjunction)  vrossen=peace anfor=to let     kasba=to have to (when telling someone else/when told by someone else)   am=in, on                         am vrossener anfor= to leave someone in peace

Han haut óskina ita for? - How is this possible? (This how possible can be?) haut=how     óskina=possible

Lvatas hemas kankas zanvolse ómda lvatin plikin vramas ude vór. Zól jan lvatir hemir kankas zanvolser lvatin plikin vramas ude zektor van. - The new mean old (age) boss wants to have a new shiny and fast car. Therefore, I bought the new mean old boss a new shiny and fast car.

lvat=new     hema=mean      kank=old(age)  zanvolse=boss     plika=shiny  vram=fast   udo=car    zól=therefore/as a consequence   jan ven zektor= I have bought/I bought

Entas asimen, terek yüm-boukter den våler mansta, ta jana maman. -> The person who stands over there on the street is my mother. entas=this    asimen=person   terek=..,who... yüm=there   yüm-boukter=over there   den=on   den våler=on the street

Uden reika én reik, tista elsen ta grobjesa, ta Rudolf. Among the reindeers, the reindeer with the biggest nose is Rudolf. (Among the reindeers the reindeer, whose nose is biggest, is Rudolf)                                                      uden=among   reik=reindeer   én= put before a noun when it is going to be specified after wards "reik=reindeer -> én reik, teregen jan keske" - The reindeer that I love"   tista=whose(conjunction) elsen= nose     grob=big   grobjesa=biggest

Han ta jekko én frëmer, tistan zanten jan keske. This is the jacket of the woman whose son I love. jekko=jacket   frëm=woman  tistan=whose(conjunction, acc) zant=son

Prohejk ayn fërzing lokanas heltkimmas, tereger sókkzvaner antensiken neske dor kenza, slokor nosba for.

The project of analyzing local voting results which unfortunately nobody pays attention to anymore had to be shut down.

prohejk= project     ayn= comes after a known if it is described further but has no conjunction fërzing=research, analysis, examination    lokana=local   heltkimme=voting result kimme=result   helt=vote     sloka=to end, to shut down, to finish, to stop     slokor=shut down, finished, closed    neske=nobody  dor=anymore    antensik=attention   kenza=to give (neutral, not as a gift) antensiken kenza=to pay attention to

 The Declaration of Human Rights: 

'''Zede sapjenas elbrem in ígem ayn am stimmener in reikjaver  tabat bëror. Dai tabat het kigvor in beaskener igmorat in kasbarat aganstenvizer ger ebók het kinkener brandenhetes.'''

Zeda=every   sapjena=human(adj.)   elbra=free  íga=equal   stimmen=dignity  reikjava=right   for bëror=to be born. het=with kigvo=reason             beasken=conscience    igmorat=endowed(past participle of "igma" "igmoar" with plural ending "-at") kasbara=should   aganstenvizer=one another, mutually  ger ebók=to act, to behave  kinken=spirit   brandenhet=brotherhood