Old Aspatese

General Information
Old Aspatese (/ˈæspətiz/, natively Epsöy Arhi [ˈæpsøj ˈaɹ̥i] lit. "Fluid Speech") was spoken in the country of Pesoerg (Besörüg) on the moon Chesnon.

Vowels

 * Diphthongs can be formed from any two adjacent vowels.

Vowel Harmony
All vowels of a word must be of the same backness except for the neutral vowel /i/. For example, the agentive suffix is -hhan in whalhhan "hunter", and -hhen in keyühhen "worker". These changing vowels in suffixes are represented as uppercase back vowels (so the agentive suffix would be represented -hhAn).

Stress
Stress is consistantly placed on the first syllable of a word, and is never used to differentiate words.

Number
Nouns can be countable with singular, dual, and plural number or mass nouns.

Dual number is expressed via a suffix -(A)t; plural number is expressed via a suffix -(O)r. ex. kseld > kseldet > kseldör

The final consonant of some nouns may be deleted in nonsingular numbers, especially if the noun ends in a consonant cluster. Examples include nouns ending in -ast > -asat > -asor including bounast and anhhast.

A small number of short words undergo a process called harmonic inversion in the plural. The backness of the word will flip. ex. pou "spirit" > pout > pöür

Examples of a mass noun would be hhomrau "hatred" and ixilh "defenses".

Conjugations
All verbs end in /A/, /O/, or /i/.

Present tense

 * In the A conjugation, the 1p.ex ending becomes -Us.
 * In the O conjugation, the 2p ending becomes -rAp.

Nonfinite forms

 * infinitive: -tA, -tU in the A conjugation
 * active participle: -yh
 * passive participle: -lh
 * contemporary transgressive: -Ag, -Ug in the A conjugation
 * anterior transgressive: -mbO, -mbA in the O conjugation

Passive
The passive is formed by using the passive participle plus the conjugated copula. ex. Dir lherdi ex ksunolh! "My tongue is burned!"

Examples
biyetü "to trek, hike" (biyeyh, biyelh, biyeüg, biyembö) ksunota "to scald, burn" hhaidita "to love"

Copula
lötö "to be" (löyh, lülh, löeg, lömbe)

Numbers

 * nai
 * 1) kemk
 * 2) kwharh
 * leg
 * 1) lugal
 * düs
 * 1) krhia
 * 2) dulha
 * 3) whit
 * 4) raso
 * 5) renö
 * 6) wölh