Ove

Ndʷari is a constructed language created by 'Jessie M. Strickland. It is spoken by a group of people known as the N''dʷari, who inhabit the island kingdom of Aramos. They are a magically gifted people who seamlessly blend together magic and technology into their culture.''' == Phonology == === Phonemic Inventory === ==== Consonants ==== {| class="article-table" !Manner / Place !Labial !Dental !Alveolar !Labio-Alveolar !Post-Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Labio-Velar !Glottal |- !Nasal !m !n ! ! ! ! ! ŋ ! ! |- |Plosive/ Affricate |p / b | |t / d |dʷ |tʃ | | k / g | kʷ | |- |Fricative | f ~v | þ ~ đ | s ~ z | | ʃ | | x ~ ɣ | | h |- |Lateral | | l | | | | | | | |- |Approximant | ʋ | | r | | | j | | | |} ==== Vowels ==== ===== Monophthongs ===== {| class="article-table" !Height / Backness !Front !Central !Back |- |Close | i / y | | u |- |Mid | e | ø | o |- |Open |æ | a | |} ===== Diphthongs ===== {| class="article-table" !Initial / Final !a !æ !e !i !o !ø !u !y |- |a | | |ai |ao | | | |- |æ | | | | | | |- |e |ea | |ei |eo | |eu | |- |i |ia |ie | |io | |iu | |- |o |oa | |oi | | | | |- |ø |øa | |øi | | | | |- |u |ua |ue | |uo | | | |- |y | | | | |yø | | |} === Phonotactics === ====. Consonants ==== '''. Word final consonants : n s l r t th d g k h . Onset clusters can be : stop + liquid, fricative + approximate, nasal + stop. . Nucleus clusters can only be on syllable boundaries. . Coda clusters can only be stops, liquids + the glottal fricative (h).''' ====. Vowels ==== == Grammar == === Nouns === Nouns in Ove are declined by Gender, Case, and Number. ==== Gender ==== There are four grammatical genders. {| class="article-table" !Tame !Feral !Neutral !Divine |- |Male humans |Female humans |Metals |Gods |- |Domestic animals |Wild animals |Body parts |Spirits |- |agricultural professions |emotions |Abstract concepts |Weather |- |military professions |Poisonous plants |places |Artistic and spiritual professions |- |Edible plants |Regular shapes |liquids |non regular shapes |} ==== Case ==== There are eleven grammatical cases # Intransitive - the unmarked subject of an intransitive verb. # Ergative - the marked subject of an transitive verb. # Accusative - the direct object of a transitive verb. # Dative - the indirect object of an transitive verb. # Topical - the theme or topic of a sentence. # Ablative - denotes movement. # Genitive - denotes possession or origin. # Essive - denotes a state of being. # Lative - denotes a location. # Instrumental - denotes the agent or tool used to complete an action. # Comitative - denotes the one who accompanies the agent of said action at the time of. ==== Number ==== There are four grammatical numbers. # Singular - denotes one of something. Ex (A person.) # Dual - denotes two of something. Ex. (two horses.) # Plural - denotes three or more of something. Ex. (Three people.) # Paucal - denotes a few of something. Ex. (A few horses.) == Noun Declension == # Example : Danu - person {| class="article-table" !Gender !Tame ! ! ! |- !Case / Number !Singular !Dual !Plural !Paucal |- |Intransitive |danu |dano |dani |danur |- |Ergative |danka |danko |danki |dankar |- |Accusative |danuth |danoth |danith |danuthar |- |Dative |danun |danon |danin |danunar |- |Topical |danuje |danoje |danije |danujer |- |Ablative |danat |danot |danit |danatar |- |Genitive |danos |danoso |danosi |danosar |- |Essive |danawa |danawo |danawi |danawar |- |Lative |danasa |danaso |danasi |danasar |- |Instrumental |danala |danalo |danali |danalar |- |Comitative |danum |danom |danim |danumar |} 2. Example : Udwo - water {| class="article-table" !Gender !Neutral ! ! ! |- !Case / Number !Singular !Dual !Plural !Paucal |- |Intransitive |udwo |udwod |udwodi |udwor |- |Ergative |udwoka |udwogo |udwogi |udwokar |- |Accusative |udwoth |udwodho |udwodhi |udwothar |- |Dative |udwon |udwomo |udwomi |udwonar |- |Topical |udwoje |udwoce |udwoci |udwojar |- |Ablative |udwot |udwotho |udwothi |udwotar |- |Genitive |udwos |udwo | | |- |Essive | | | | |- |Lative | | | | |- |Instrumental | | | | |- |Comiative | | | | |} === Verbs === Verbs in Ove are conjugated for Tense, Number, Person, Mood and Voice. ==== Tense ==== There are 9 compound tenses. {| class="article-table" !Tense / Aspect !Simple !Progressive !Perfect |- |Present |Aorist |Present |Perfect |- |Past |Past |Imperfect |Pluperfect |- |Future |Future |Near Future |Future Perfect |} # Aorist - Denotes a general or timeless action. Ex. (I eat.) # Present - Denotes an ongoing action currently taking place. Ex. (I am eating.) # Perfect - Denotes a completed action in the present. Ex. (I have eaten.) # Past - Denotes a timeless action that occured in the past. Ex. (I ate.) # Imperfect - Denotes an ongoing action that was interupted. Ex. (I was eating.) # Pluperfect - Denotes an previously completed action. Ex. ( I had eaten.) # Future - Denotes a general action yet to happen. Ex. (I will eat.) # Near Future - Denotes an action to happen very soon. Ex. (I will be eating.) # Future Perfect - Denotes an action to be completed in the future by a specified time. Ex. (I will have eaten.) ==== Number ==== There are only three numbers in verb conjugation. # Singular # Dual # Plural ==== Person ==== There are four persons in Ove verb conjugation. # 1st person - I # 2nd person - you # 3rd person - he/she/it # Zero person - a person. ==== Mood ==== There are 7 Moods in Ove verbs. # Indicative - Indicates something as a fact. # Imperative - Indicates a command. # Inferential - Indicates a statement for which the speaker was not preset for and cant be confirmed. # Subjunctive - Indicates a conditional or hypothetical statement. # Optative - Indicates a wish or desire. # Necessitative - Indicates a need or desperation. # Mirative - Indicates surprise or unreadiness. ==== Voice ==== There are two voices in Ove verbs. # Active - Indicates that the subject of a sentence is performing the action. Ex. (The boy eats.) # Medio-Passive - Indicates that the subject of a sentence is the recipient of said action. Ex. (The boy is being washed.) (The boy washes himself.) == Vocabulary == Person - Ndwuma Man - Ndwegu Woman - Ndwina Moon - Ramul Sun - Yllos Water - Udwor Earth - Gemod Tree - Regod Wind - Jinel God - Tiwol Star - Seres Fire - Perun Horse - Kosos Pig - Cattle - Sky - Mother - Father - Brother - Sister -