Classical Wisconsin

Classical Wisconsin (natively: Mascodudûstiquamovem MASCAVA("solid")+DUDUS("milk")+TIQUAM("head")+MOVEM("speech")3sg, of obscure meaning was the classical speech of the Wisconsin Empire, which at its greatest extent in the first century CE extended through most of the northern shores of the Great Lakes through Quebec and into New England.

Classification and Dialects
Classical Wisconsin is an Algonquian trade language.

Basic grammatical categories
Classical Wisconsin words inflect in a number of grammatical categories. Both nouns and verbs inflect for gender, number, and person.

Gender
Classical Wisconsin has two genders: animate and inanimate. Genders are semantic and largely natural rather than grammatical.
 * People, animals, large trees, rivers, astronomical features like the sun and moon, vehicles, and just about anything that moves on its own initiative or power are animate.
 * All other words are inanimate.

Number
All Classical Wisconsin nouns are obligately marked for singular or plural.

Person
Person is a more expansive category in Classical Wisconsin than it is in Indo-European languages.

The first person plural contains exclusive and inclusive forms. The inclusive forms typically combine first and second person forms.

The third person, both singular and plural, contains two forms, an "proximate" form for the narrator or point of view character, and an "obviate" form for other third person characters, or unspecified persons. The proximate and obviate forms are obligatory, and answer the same purpose as do nominative and accusative forms in other language; they are used to specify who acts and who is acted on.

Verbs
The basic structure of a Classical Wisconson verb contains the following parts:


 * 1) PERSONAL PREFIX.  Not present in all tenses or constructions.  Usually 0 in the third person.
 * 2) TENSE MARKER. 0 in the present tense.
 * 3) MODAL PREFIXES. Optional.  May be more than one.
 * 4) ROOT.  May be compound, in which case it may incorporate an object.
 * 5) Certain MODAL SUFFIXES go here.
 * 6) ARGUMENT. Specifies the person acting, and the person acted upon.

Verbs fall into four conjugations, defined not by the phonetic shape of the root, but by the arguments they can take:


 * 1) Intransitive verbs with animate subjects (VIA)
 * 2) Intransitive verbs with inanimate subjects (VII)
 * 3) Transitive verbs with animate objects (VTA)
 * 4) Transitive verbs with inanimate objects (VTI)

The lemma, or citation form, of a Classical Wisconsin verb is the third person proximate singular present. This form typically has no personal prefix and the simplest arguments. Generally speaking the animate verbs have more complex forms than the inanimate verbs, and the transitive verbs have more complex forms than the intransitive ones.