User:Meschigene/Sandbox

Almikantian The sound changes triggered by grammatical processes go from right to left - that is, from the end of the word to the beginning. Might lead to some wacky ablaut in Almikantian, e.g. (to be done) Ablaut triggered only in "simple" words? So kantī "island" > kinštū "island, islander" (adj.), but Almikantī > Almikanštū. *r changed to an alveolar/retroflex (probs will be retroflex after all) approximant that has a tendency to palatalize like it invented the very concept of palatalization and went fuckin' kopi luwak because of that. *rr changed to an uvular trill, because y nawt. The dative case is merged with accusative in Almikantian into one case. The instrumental case, ubiquitous in MK, was borrowed from an outside source. Might introduce definiteness, too. Which will become the lazy nerd's demonstrative pronoun. No less. Sound change time. PK: sīmà > A: sima > simā > səmā > smā > zmā || > zəma? - C (-voiced) > C (+voiced) /#_V, as illustrated by džaule (MK čavlle) ↳ MK: sīma But PK: sîmam > A: sìmam ↳ MK: sīmam /i:/ > /i/ > /ɪ/ > (-stress) /ə/ ! /i i:/ > /i:/ /_# -- /ə/ > 0 /C1_C2; I'll make a list of permitted consonant clusters eventually. /e e:/ > /œ/ /_# Proto-Kulashian didn't have a marked genitive, natch. Maybe it wasn't even marked by clitics. Indefinite genitive in Almikantian will be marked with a glottal stop in singular and unmarked in other numbers, while definite genitive is formed by strapping on a good ol' possessive clitic to the indefinite genitive. *almi is a nominative and there's no lengthening. So the declension table for the word smā /zma:/ "cat" will probably look something like this: Singular   (Dual)     Plural Nominative  smā         (simat)    simam Def. nom. simā       (simāt)    simmō Genitive    sima'       (simat)    simam Def. gen.   simaī       (smàtī)    simalmī Oblique     sime        (smat)     smam Def. obl. simiu      (smiat)    smìmō The definite forms have a secondary stress on the suffix. sìmmō < sìmimō < (ablaut) < sìmamō The forms starting with sm- originally had the stress on a syllable other than the first. Add some vowel reduction and assimilation and you'll get some funky fresh shiitake mushrooms. And the forms starting with sim- have the stress on the first syllable - natch. *čč > Alm. čč - gheččū (PK *xač-čw-o) ↳ MK  dž - xadžvo so o ō > u; V > V: /_#; I'll merge the basic three genders of PK into inanimate and animate. V: > V /_CC$ *ks > Alm. ks - miksū (PK *mik-čw-o > *miksswo? > *mikswō? > *miksō) -- introduce a rule on this? ↳ MK  ss - missō more. rigid. word. order. I've got to at least try to make a language where the syntax isn't a doggone sundry like in Russian or English. Intervocalic lenition of voiced consonants? So b d g z gh > v ð gh j w /V_V

"Low" Erghassan, Erghāssištū/Erghāssittū, Řathido This one's ancestor dialect was a little bit different from "High" Erghassan: there wasn't a lot of that cluster simplification that other Kulashian dialects are so fond of, even the -tt- sequence is intact, and apparently this one had a sort of a pitch accent. Probably. Not sure yet. P: (-voiced) > P (+voiced): erghāssittū > erghāssidū t d > θ ð /V(C)_V: /koda:m/ > /koða:m/ (single voiced consonants always become fricatives.) rX (X = x gh h) > ʀ: erghāssidū > eřāssidū ss > θ ! ss > ʃ /_C: eřāssidū > eřāthidū ʃx > ʂ: Vɫ > Vw~Vʊ Vowel changes: egregiousamountsadem, TBD Complete liquidation of phonemic vowel length is one of them, fo' shizzle. à > à /ɔ/ o u (-stressed); ò ù > o /ʊ/ a ɛ (-stressed) > ë /ə~ɔ̆/ BUT a: ɛ: e: > a e é /a ɛ i:/ high tone vowels stay intact...? Metathesis of consonant clusters? So, for example, the instrumental suffix -s becomes infixed instead. Not sure when to drop the schwas. Rural Erghassans apparently got fed up with freaky consonant clusters and grew to loathe them, so the syllable structure in Řathido leans towards (C)V(C). /kodà:m/ > [kʊ'ðɔ̃(m)]  /ɛrɣá:s:a/ > ['ʀɑ.θ(ə)] <Řathë> /ɛrɣa:s:ít:u/ > [ʀa'θiðʊ] <Řathido> /aɫkàɲtʲ~aɫkàɲtʲi/ > [ˌaʊ'kɔ̃(n).tʲ(i)]  /ú:ks/ > [usk(ə)]  (> [uʂ:(ə)]?)