Oubi Kanusa

Oubi Kanusa is a distant descendant of Obiquaʒic, which is itself a remote ancestor of English. It has roughly 16,000,000 speakers, roughly half of who are human. The remaining half are mostly trollspawn, zoktrikons and plasmitroids, with one speaker known to be of Nemuẅeya descent.

The language is spoken in the Meterhyle (from mḗtēr = mother; origin + hýlē = forest), the infinitely wide forest surrounded by the five Apeirohyles, other infinite forests grown from the five seeds released from the Cardiodendron at its centre. It is believed to have first been established as a language separate from Obiquaʒic around 130,000 CE, after deliberate efforts were made to change its grammar and vocabulary following the War of the Forests. Around this time the present day speakers of Oubi Kanusa wished to distance themselves from Obiquaʒic speakers, who they had been fighting for the past several centuries.

Oubi Kanusa is considered endangered by most linguists, as its speakers are rapidly dying out due to large forest fires in the Meterhyle. Forensic evidence has suggested that these fires may have been lit by the Aðɛⅎbuk (Obiquaʒic speakers), however this cannot yet be confirmed.

Phonological Shifts from Obiquaʒic

while the relationship between the phonemes of Obiquaʒic and its parent language English are loose, the sounds of Oubi Kanusa show a much more direct relationship to those of English (Recieved Pronounciation), as this table demonstrates. Grammar

-Syntax

Oubi Kanusa uses the OSV word order, with a sentence's indirect object placed before the main object. While a verb can be placed after the direct object representing the action it performs on the indirect object, this isn't required. Both the sentence

Mauntyn meni caixü sàn meik.

(The sun cast a lightshow [over] the mountains.)

and the sentence

Mauntyn meni caixü kàvy sàn meik.

(The sun cast a lightshow which illuminated the mountains.)

are grammatically correct in Oubi Kanusa. If a verb needs to be added in this position to avoid a sentence being ambiguous however, it is generally put there to avoid confusion.

-Adjectives and Nominalisation

Oubi Kanusa places adjectives after the nouns they modify, and does not allow adverbs. If one wishes to use an adjective to describe a verb, it must first be nominalised by the preceding particle køt, eg:

Gap hi beg køt ràmpyd.

Translation:

He took a big leap over the gap.

Literally:

Gap he big (nominaliser) jump.

Though this particle converts verbs (and any other words) into nouns, it does not prevent them from still being used as if they were verbs. This can be seen in the sentence above, where the verb ràmpyd is used as a noun despite filling the verb 'slot' of the sentence after the subject.

This is the same for adjectives that have been nominalised, eg:

Tri gavyry køt stbroc nü kàt.

Translation:

The strong man couldn't cut down the tree.

Literally:

Tree man (nominaliser) strong not cut.

Here the adjective stbroc is still used as an adjective despite having been nominalised.

Though nominalised verbs and adjectives can still be used as verbs and adjectives, they can also be used as nouns, eg:

Hi køt vego køt pànx kecød.

Translation:

The punch knocked the wind out of him.

Literally:

He (nominaliser) vigourous (nominaliser) punch killed.

Here both the adjective vego (vigourous) and the verb pànx (to punch) are used as nouns.

All verbs (which are naturally transitive) can be made intransitive by the suffix -secf, eg:

Zei faitsecfyd.

Translation:

They fought.

Literally:

They (masculine) fight (intransitivity marker) (past tense marker).

Note the suffix -secf is placed before the past tense suffix -yd. Tense markers are always placed after this suffix in Oubi Kanusa.

-Tense

All verbs can be given tense by the suffixes -ød (past), -øc (present) and -uc (future). If left tenseless, all verbs represent theoretical rather than actual actions by default. The verb kàny, for example, ordinarily means 'could destroy; has the potential to destroy', but can mean either destroyed, destroying or will destroy depending on which suffix it's given.

-Negation

All verbs can be given a negative meaning by the particle nü placed before them. This is a cognate to English 'no', but unlike in English, it cannot be used as an interjection. It has roughly the same meaning as the English word 'not'.

-Grammatical Features Absent in Oubi Kanusa

There are no apositions or articles in Oubi Kanusa, nor is there the ability to integrate clauses into sentences. Though the language lacks plurals, the distinction between singular and plural can still be shown by the adjectives secgyc and meni respectively (the former only ever used to emphasise the fact that a noun or pronoun is singular). Number can be shown in the same way, using numerical adjectives rather than numerical classifiers. All nouns and are naturally singular unless modified by a numerical adjective. The inherent state of pronouns is more complicated (see Pronouns).

Vocabulary

-Pronouns

Oubi Kanusa uses five basic pronouns, shown in the table below. These can be joined together using the interfix -yn- to create 'compound' pronouns, such as aiynxi (she and I) and zeiynju (you and them). This brings the total number of pronouns in Oubi Kanusa up to twenty-five.

All numerical adjectives can be placed after pronouns to give them number, except the adjective meni. The word ju can therefore mean either you (singular) and you (plural) in Oubi Kanusa.

-Nouns

-Animals

-People

-The Natural Word

-Man Made Objects and Materials

-Verbs