Ancient Va'aini

General information
The first written language in all of Nirunae, it was made by the Líavorn of Va'ainù and used an alphabet reminiscent of Professor Tolkien's Elvish and Hebrew, with consonants bearing vowel markings. It is chiefly polysynthetic and head-final,  with no irregularities whatsoever . Since it was very ancient and used primarily by members of the Advocate Conclave of Va'ainù, it did not "evolve" like most other languages would have.

(I'd like to thank the user Greatbuddha for helping me with polysynthetic grammar.)

Consonant Value
Every consonant has a "value" that can be changed for certain inflections. Every instance that there is two consonants in the same box, the one listed first is Primary and the other Secondary. N is the primary for  ŋ, l the primary for r, h  is the primary for Ɂ,  and s the primary for  ʃ.

Alphabet
These characters are all put in the third vowel group, indicated by two perpindicular lines. The first group is indicated by two short markings, and the second by one long. See below:

Place within a group is indicated by the diacritic above- the acute indicates first place. There is also the Charon and Circumflex, indicating the second and third groups respectively (second picture.)

Secondary pronunciation is indicated by-get this- a secondary indicator! It is a small "comma" beneath the character.



Vowels are transliterated as follows.

Vowel Groups
First group- a, á, e

Second group- ù, ai, o

Third group- i, ae, ì

In addition to vowel groups, there is also place within a group, i.e. "a" is first, "á" second, et cetera.

Phonotactics
Quùvarani has a very simple set of phonotactics due to its alphabet, with a strict ''CVCV... ''pattern with no method of deviation.F

Grammar
Quùvarani is a polysynthetic language, so a full sentence can be expressed as one word. Originally, there was no puncuation, and clauses were simply separated by being on different lines.

Sample Verb Conjugation
Verbs, by default, are put in infinitive form. From there, changes occur to each syllable to modify a certain part i.e., tense, aspect, mood. Number is never inflected in the verb.

dùsavina- 1st group- to be well

The "first group" indicates what verb group this belongs to, which defines how it conjugates.

dù'ùsafinùcù

dù'ù- first syllable-glottal stop added- imperative mood

fi- second to last syllable- consonant value changed- imperfective aspect

ni- last syllable- vowel group + 1 (1st group vowel > 2nd > 3rd > 1st)- future tense

cù- post verb stem- absolutive masculine singular

Together, this is Be being well, male!

Conjugations
There are 3 conjugations in Quùvarani.

1st- verbs that translate to regular adjectives and nouns & the copula, i.e. ''he is well, he is tall... ''Ex. dùsavina- to be well

2nd- active transitive subject hits object Ex. saɲosa- to see

3rd- active intransitve subject runs Ex. faecera- to sleep

Note- the latter two conjugations follow a few rules as to what is phonologically accepted (see mood morphemes for examples- I will work on adding a more authorative list in the meantime). The first one, however does not. This is because every word that would be a noun, adjective, or otherwise in another language would instead have a verbal equivalent in the first conjugation, including names.

Tenses
Tense slot is last syllable. Tenses are simple and consistent throughout each verb group- the last vowel is moved to the next group for future, or to the previous for past. Its place within the group can also be modified- moving it back a place makes it more near to the future (it just will happened, it will happen soon) and moving it forward a place makes it further from the future (it happened long ago, it will happen after a long time.) Note- present tense is the base and is never modified in the same way- you can't have one present that is more present than another.

Aspect
Aspect slot is second to last syllable.

Perfective- completed action- base

Imperfective or Continuous- incomplete or ongoing action

1st group- consonant made primary (usually secondary)

2nd group- made fricative (place of pronunciation & value kept intact)

3rd group- consonant made secondary (usually primary)

Mood
Mood slot first syllable

Examples used from conjuagation section

Infinitive- to verb- base

Indicitive- true statement (is verbing)

1st group- vowel place +1- daisavina

2nd group- made approximant/trill-laɲosa

3rd group- pronounced on step further forward or back (all fricitives, so f becomes s and vice versa)-saecera

Imperative- command (do verb)

1st group- glottal stop w/ same vowel added after- dù'ùsavina

2nd group- glottal fricative w/ same vowel added after- sahaɲosa

3rd group- glottal stop w/same vowel added before- 'asacera

Interrogative- question (did he verb?)

1st group- pronounced one step further back in mouth (glottals become alveolar)- cùsavina

2nd group- labio-dental fricative w/ same vowel group added before- fasaɲosa

3rd group- alveolar plosive w/ vowel group -1 added- faedàcera

Speculative- unsure whether will occur (could/might verb)

1st group- vowel group +1- dasavina

2nd group- vowel group and place -1-soɲosa

3rd group- nasal w/ vowel group +1 added afterwards- faenaicera

Possible- has ablity to do (he can verb)

1st group- glottal stop w/ vowel group +1 added afterwards- dù'asavina

2nd group- alveolar approximant w/ vowel group +1 added afterwards- saliɲosa

3rd group- plosive one step back w/ vowel group +1 added afterwards- faedaicera

Any mood can be "negated" by changing the value of its consonant(s), regardless of its verb group. Negated verbs translate as "he is not verbing, you must not verb, he cannot verb, etc."

Nouns, Cases and Adpositions
There are four morphemes for each case. Cases and their use are below.

Ergative- does transitive verb-L

Accusative- recieves transitive verb-S

Absolutive- does intransitive verb-C

Dative- receives accusative-N

Reflexive- does verb to self-F

There is a single consonant for every case. This is the root of the ending for the respective case. The vowel is decided by gender and person. Masculine is second group, feminine third and neuter first. First person is the first place vowel of its group, second person is second place, and third person is third place. To make a noun plural (it is singular by default), the consonant is made secondary.

There are also adpositions categorized into other Latin cases. These are immediatly after the syllable in the verb that morphs for mood, i.e. "mood slot."

Ablative of place where- ɲa

Ablative of place to- ɲi

Ablative of place from- ɲù

Ablative of means- shi

Miscellaneous Morphemes
There are a few morphemes that can be added right after the verbal stem and before the noun morpheme(s) of a sentence to modify it like some adjectives in English. This way, instead of having to say "That is a wall and it is red," you can say "That is a red wall." This also allows for other modifications that would not be possible otherwise, i.e. "who is running?"