Umbrean/Lessons/12 Questions

Think it is going well? The road is still long ahead, here we will go through how to ask question, how to answer and such.

Formulating
Let us start with english first.


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! colspan=2 | English ! Statement ! Question In english a question, excluding when "do" is used, is formed by switching the main verb and the subject, like many other germanic languages.
 * He is sitting
 * Is he sitting
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! colspan=2 | Umbrean ! Statement ! Question Like in english the underlines marks the area that changes. Énas is a verb and means "to sit", but what should be paid attention to is Div' which is an indicator often left out but tells that the thing is a statement, factional etc. Twej on the other hand indicates you are asking a question and that it is the active voice. all one has to do to simply make it into a question of the sort is using interogative mood of the particle infront of the verb.
 * Div' énasav'y si
 * Twej énasav'y si
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Answering
Is he walking?, Did he eat the cookies?, all questions not involving the interogative pro-forms can be answered either saying Yes or no, He did or He is (these are when you leave out the object of an auxilary verb)


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! colspan=4 | Questions and answers ! colspan=2 | ! Yes No ! Auxilary ! rowspan=2 | English ! Question ! Answer ! rowspan=2 | Umbrean ! Question ! Answer
 * Did he bring the teeth?
 * Is he sitting?
 * Yes
 * He is
 * Döndixró twej gociav'yñ kó
 * twej énasav'y si
 * Lii
 * Nóelav'y (si)
 * }

The questions are the same in both Umbrean and english. The answer for yes/no is the same, yes (Lii). The other answer is less obvious for english but workable, Nóel is a general pro-verb used to replace previously mentioned verbs to decrease repitition. Its nature in the case of a question like this also makes the "si" part unneccisery as you are still talking about the same tense and aspect so it is often left out, Only thing done is conjugation on the Nóel verb

Interrogative Questions
or better known as wh-questions, as they use what, where, when, why etc. Interrogative

Formulating
Let us start with english first, again.


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! colspan=3 | English ! Type ! Statement ! Question ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason
 * He sat here!
 * Where did he sit?
 * He sat then!
 * When did he sit?
 * He sat like X!
 * How did he sit here?
 * He sat because X!
 * Why did he sit?
 * }

In english the adverb, which may be a clause and initiated by adverbial clause opener, comes after the verb in these cases. To make it into a question one just like before uses the do construction but move the adverb to the front and changes into interrogative form.

Lets see umbrean, again all is exacly the same
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! colspan=3 | Umbrean ! Type ! Statement ! Question ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason As you can see the sentence structure remains nearly identical as the adverb is not moved but stuck at the same location, but unlike previous questions the "Twej" here can be dropped in many cases as the interogative form is used and hence is often dropped out.
 * (Div') Lennidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Twej) Balnidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Div') lymnidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Twej) zyxrnidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Div') Faxnidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Twej) Wóarnidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Div') Lavnidu énasa'vy kó
 * (Twej) Tevnidu énasa'vy kó
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Answering

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! colspan=5 | Umbrean ! rowspan=2 | Type ! colspan=2 | English ! colspan=2 | Umbrean ! Question ! Answer ! Question ! Answer ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason As you can see the sentence structure remains nearly identical as the adverb is not moved but stuck at the same location, but unlike previous questions the "Twej" here can be dropped in many cases as the interogative form is used and hence is often dropped out.
 * Where did he sit?
 * Here
 * Balnidu énasa'vy kó
 * Lino
 * When did he sit?
 * Now
 * zyxrnidu énasa'vy kó
 * Lyma
 * How did he sit?
 * Thus
 * Wóarnidu énasa'vy kó
 * Vara
 * Why did he sit?
 * Because X
 * Tevnidu énasa'vy kó
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! colspan=3 | English ! Type ! Statement ! Question ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason
 * He sat here!
 * Where did he sit?
 * He sat then!
 * When did he sit?
 * He sat like X!
 * How did he sit here?
 * He sat because X!
 * Why did he sit?
 * }


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