Ringwa

Consonants
Consonant pairs (?/?) are unvoiced-voiced pairs.

IPA symbols: ŋ (ng), θ (th), ð (dh), ʃ (sh), ʒ (zh), x (x), ɣ (gh), tʃ (ch), dʒ (j)

Vowels
IPA symbols: e (ə), ë (ɛ), ae (æ), o (ɔ)

Alphabet
Latinized:

a, i, o, e, ai, oi, wa,

a, ë, u, r, ya, yo, wo,

p, k, t, s, ts, sh, ch, x, th, f, n,

b, g, d, z, dz, zh, j, gh, dh, v, ng.

IPA:

/a/, /i/, /ɔ/, /ə/, /ai/, /ɔi/, /wa/,

/a/, /ɛ/, /u/, /ɹ/, /ja/, /jɔ/, /wɔ/,

/p/, /k/, /t/, /s/, /ts/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /x/, /θ/, /f/, /n/,

/b/, /g/, /d/, /z/, /dz/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/, /ɣ/, /ð/, /v/, /ŋ/.

Phonotactics
Only clusters where the first consonant is a non-plosive and the second is a plosive are allowed. Two vowels cannot be next to each other, except if one of them is /ɹ/ or they are in a diphthong (/ai/, /ja/, /ɔi/, /jɔ/, /wa/, /wɔ/). Only plosives can precede /w/, and /ŋ/ must occur at the end of a syllable. Also, the following sound changes take place:
 * x becomes kx and ɣ becomes gɣ at the start of a word.
 * ə ɹ always becomes  ɚ.
 * nj always becomes ɲ.