Bresmian

The Bresmian Language is a language based on the Finno-Ugric languages. This language is a minimalistic language, but also a complex language: It relinquishes many obvious aspects of grammar, like the past and the future tense, but it has also e.g. many cases.

Vowels
All vowels can be pronounced in normal length, longly and very longly (e.g. ä stands of short/normal, ää for (very) long). In stressed sylabes, vowels can only be pronounced in normal length or very longly. In unstressed syllables, long vowels become very long.

Consonants
Like the vowels, consonants can be long or short. E.g. "t" is a normal long t, while "tt" is a long t. There are only two types of lenght, not three.

Stress
All words have an initial stress. When a word is at least five syllables long, the fourth syllable is also stressed. And when a word has theoretically at least nine syllables, the eighth syllable is stressed, too.

Alphabet
This is the whole alphabet: A Ä (B) (D) E Ë F (G) H I İ J K L M N O Ö Õ P R S T U Ü (V) (W) Y Ÿ (Z)

Vowel harmony
This means that only some specific vowels can be in a word. Exceptions: Words from other languages or combined words. The vowels are divided in the first and the second group: The first group are unrounded vowels, the second group are rounded vowels.

Syllables
Those kind of syllables are posible (the diphthongs, vowel and consonant length don't matter here):

VC - Vowel and consonant

CV - Consonant and vowel

CVN - Consonant, vowel and a nasal

CVF - Consonant, vowel and a fricative

CVL - Consonant, vowel and a liquid

Diphthongs
All diphthongs are possible, even between the first and second group (when it's a word combination). The first vowel is always the most stressed vowel in a diphthong.

What kind of grammar does this language have?
1. No future) The language have only one tense: Present. There is no past tense and no future tense. Instead of saying "I will go home tomorrow", you say "I go home tomorrow". Instead of "I will go home" you say "I go home later", "I go home, but not now" or you describe that you'll finish it: "I reach my house". It is important to know when you have to use which form: When you plan something, you can say "So, I reach my house, I make a meal, ..." but when you are on a party, you can say: "I go home" when you actually want to leave the party in some minutes.

2. No past) Also, there's no past: "I ate" can be paraphrased as "My stomach is full" or "I am finished with this meal". When you tell a story, you can use the present tense (so you can say: "I eat this and I see this cool car" instead of "I ate this and I saw this cool car"). Another example: "I went home yesterday". You can say: "I usually go home on this route/after the work, so it is yesterday" or "I usually don't go home on this route, but yesterday is an exception". Or "There were some houses here", you can say: "The houses are gone here". What I want you to know is, that it depends on the result and the situation when you are talking. When you know, if this is a story and the result of an action is not important, or when you think that you want them to know that your stomach is full because of this meal, you can paraphrise it.

3. No "to be") "My stomach is full" is "The meal fills my stomach", "I usually go home after this work, so it is yesterday" is "I usually go home after this work, yesterday doesn't differ (from the other days)" and "The houses are gone here" is "As a result of a great fire, the houses doesn't stand here". So, as you can see, it seems to not be that difficult to replace this word.

4. No adverbs) Now is "at the moment", yesterday is "the day before", tomorrow is "the next day", here is "at this place", there is "in this city/...", usually is "as I use to do", often is "in a great number of cases", seldom is "in a small number of cases", and so on...

5. No adjectives) "great" and "small" are replaced with the plural and the paucal (the so calles "small plural"). The plural describes a large amount, the paucal describes a small amount of something. So you basically say "In many cases, ...". To describe "never"/"in no case", you need a case called abessive, it describes the lack of something, and here's the lack of cases. To describe "always", you need to use the "double negation": "In no cases, I don't sleep for more than seven hours". It means exactly the same like: "In all cases, I sleep for seven hours at least". So, you can see, that some adjectives can be replaced by other grammatical rules. But what about adjectives like "pretty" or "cool"? When something is cool or pretty, it pleases you, right? So, you can say: "This girl pleases me". Or what about "the beautiful home"? "Mr. John lives in this beautiful home", you can say: "Mr. John lives in this home which pleases me". But what about adjectives which describe objective statements/facts like "This car is blue?" You can say: "This car's color looks like the sky", while "like the sky" can be used in the equative case. "Tom is a tall guy", what about tall? '"Tom distinguish himself with his tallness". For "big building", you can use the augmentative, for "small building", the diminutive. But what when something is "very tall" or "very short"? "Tom is very tall", as I've written, you can say "Tom distinguish himself with his tallness". There, the "tallness" has to be in the augmentative. Now, it would have the same sense as "Tom is very tall". But what when "Tom is the tallest guy"? You write: "No one has the same size as Tom". As you can see, there are many possibilities to paraphrase adjectives.