Euro

This page will display the complete grammar of English as an simplified international language for Europe.

Articles
There is a definite article and an indefinite article, which is used for all genders, numbers and cases.

Prepositions and particles
No preposition governs any case.

In the early stages of the BSE, English prepositions, postpositions and circumpositions were reanalysed and separated from verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs, as adpositions. Subsequently, they have become a system of free prepositions and dependent particles. Particles represent a very important part of the BSE, generally descended from English particles. The list of prepositions published in BSED1 was subsequently rejected and a new list was created, simplifying the prepositions inherited from English and adding some new ones of Latin or ancient Greek origin.

Cardinal
The cardinal numerals do not change their forms for the different cases. They are:

Tens and hundreds are formed by simple union of the numerals following certain rules, are read in the order in which they are written.

Polysynthetic verb order
The polysynthetic verb was derived from the basic sentence structure in BSE of English of the 21st century.

To be
What

Why

Where

When

Why

Which

How

Who

How often

How many/much

What language

What time

How many books

How old

Time - when

Place - where

Auxiliary verbs
not - /nɑːt nɒt/

let us > let's

SVO

To be
Infinitive be

Past was, were

Past participle been

To do
do not be

infinitive do/does

past did

past participle done

To have
Infinitive have

Past had

Past participle had

Modal verbs
dare > challenge

need > necessity

used > habit

Subjunctive

Conditional

Imperative

Potential

Presumptive

Inferential

Regular verbs
The regular verb does not change its form by numbers or persons. There are two forms of the participle: the adjectival (mutable), and the adverbial (immutable).

Passive voice
object (agent) + to be + past participle + by + subject (patient)

Irregular verbs
All verbs that do not follow the rules mentioned in the conjugation of one or more tenses are called irregular verbs.There are about 200 irregular verbs in English, many of them very common, including auxiliary and modal verbs. Most irregular verbs are conjugated without following the rules in the past simple and past participle, as you will see in this list. In BSE, the list of irregular verbs was drastically reduced in the first stages of language formation.

Open classes
To see the complete list of open class words go to dictionary, note that this list does not include the closed class words shown on this page.

Verbs
Verbs are roots that can be found in the dictionary. The regular conjugation of all verbs has five basic forms

Nouns
Nouns are roots that can be found in the dictionary. The plural is formed by adding "-(e)s" to the singular root, pronounced as /-ɪz/ ~ /-z/ ~ /-s/ depending on the consonantal context. Nouns do not decline by case, but cases can be formed using prepositions: thus the possessive/genitive with "of", the dative with "to", the instrumental/ablative with "with", or other prepositions depending on the sense they express, for example "for". Nouns are usually accompanied by articles.

Adjectives
Adjectives are roots that can be found in the dictionary. They are declined by number and case just like nouns. The comparative degree is formed with the suffix "-er", and the superlative degree is formed with the suffix "-est"; or instead, the comparative can be formed as "more" + adjective + "than" + noun, and the superlative as "most" + adjective + "than" + noun.

Adverbs
Los adverbios son raices que se pueden encontrar en el diccionario. Los grados de comparación son los mismos que en los adjetivos.

Word formation and derivation
Compound words are formed by the simple union of words that are written separated by a hyphen, where the main word comes last. Grammatical endings are considered independent parts and are added at the end without a hyphen.