Panlaffic cases

There are twelve cases that appear in the. They are:
 * 1) Nominative
 * 2) Accusative
 * 3) Genitive
 * 4) Dative
 * 5) Ablative
 * 6) Allative (or dative-allative)
 * 7) Instrumental
 * 8) Prepositional
 * 9) Terminative
 * 10) Comparative (or equative)
 * 11) Partitive
 * 12) Vocative

Nominative case
The nominative case is used to name something as well as to denote the subject of an action or state.


 * "The dog"
 * "The dog bit the man"

Accusative case
The accusative case denotes the direct object of a transitive verb.


 * "The dog bit the man"

Genitive case
The genitive case denotes possession or relationship as well as a lack or replacement of something.


 * "The boy's  father"
 * "The party member"
 * "There is no water"
 * "Instead of sweets, eat fruit"
 * "We can't go without him"
 * "Everyone is here except her"
 * "The school had to close because of the snow"
 * "Thanks to the rain, the field was flooded"
 * "Amongst the contestants was last year's winner"
 * "For the sake of the plants, it must rain"
 * "Despite the snow the school was open"
 * "Pick a number from one to ten"
 * "He knelt in the presence of the King"

Ablative case
The ablative case is used to indicate movement away from, out of or off something or somewhere, as well as source.


 * "I left that town a month ago"
 * "They moved away from the city centre a while ago"
 * "He got out of the car"
 * "Get off the roof!"
 * "He is from England"
 * "Get out from under the table!"
 * "I'm just leaving Michael's [house]"
 * "According to the papers that restaurant is fantastic"

Allative case
The allative (or dative-allative) case is used to indicate movement to, into, onto, under or towards something or somewhere, as well as the indirect object of a transitive verb.


 * "I gave the book to him"
 * "I came to this city last year"
 * "They moved into their new house last week"
 * "The cat ran under the table"
 * "They went and hid behind the sofa"
 * "Go along the river and past the hotel"
 * "Can we try and walk beyond those hills?"
 * "Jump over the fence!"
 * "Are we going to Michael's [house] tonight?"

Instrumental case
The instrumental case denotes either the use of an object to perform an action or company.


 * "He writes with his best pen"
 * "I went to the cinema with my family"
 * "The museum was opened by the mayor"
 * "You can get to the school quicker via that shortcut"
 * "Go along the river then past the hotel"
 * "They went across the bridge"
 * "We need to go through the tunnel"
 * "I'm going to the shops for some milk"
 * "I'm just going to pay for these"
 * "These are for adults, not children!"
 * "He ran around the track several times"
 * "The house is surrounded by the police"
 * "He's arguing for speed cameras"

Prepositional case
The prepositional case denotes a location, such as in, at, on, under et cetera, as well as about or concerning.


 * "Moscow is in Russia"
 * "I can't talk at the moment, I'm at work"
 * "The lamp is on the desk"
 * "Our dog is under the table"
 * "We're talking about the match"
 * "Keep this between us"
 * "Pick a number between one and ten"
 * "I must get home before my delivery"
 * "I'm in front of your house"
 * "I stood near the bus stop"
 * "We'll wait by the bridge"
 * "The plane is now over Milan"
 * "What's behind that door?"
 * "The house is beyond those hills"
 * "There is a bridge across the river."
 * "We're waiting outside your house"
 * "He knelt in the presence of the King"
 * "There is a fence around the park"
 * "The ladder is leant against the wall"
 * "There is a café opposite my house"
 * "Next to the pub is a bank"
 * "I'm still at Michael's [house]"
 * "I'm against smoking in public"

Terminative case
The terminative case is used in phrases that involve limitations of time or distance.


 * "I'm working until the weekend"
 * "Go as far as the café"
 * "During the lesson they took notes"
 * "After the match they went home"
 * "We'll be home in five minutes"
 * "Can I stay for another hour? "
 * "By four o'clock you have to have left"
 * "Pick a number from one to ten"

Comparative case
The comparative case is used to mark a similarity to something or that two things have the same quantity of something.


 * "He swims like a fish"
 * "I have approximately £1000 in the bank"
 * "The sky is a reddish colour"