Arelian

Classification and Dialects
Arelian (Arelex) is an a priori, tripartite, engineerined language with fluid parts of speech; only one morpheme in a word determines part of speech, and words can be freely converted between nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, participles, and even pronouns. Prepositions play a large role in the language, and are the only indicator of grammatical case, aside from context.

Vowels
In addition to these vowels, there are two dipthongs -- /ai/ and /ʌu/

Writing System
Two pronunciations simply indicates allophony to conform to surrounding sounds. The only diacritic used is ā ē ī ō ū which indicates a long, stressed vowel.

Nouns
Nouns in Arelian decline to case and number, as shown below. There are only two declension classes of nouns, which are not analogous at all. There are also few irregular ones.

Class I (-ex)
Class one nouns are the ones that exist already as nouns.

Class II (-ic)
Class two nouns are the ones that originally existed as other parts of speech but were then formed as nouns.

Irregular Nouns
The following is a list of irregular nouns and their forms, listed in the following order: OBL singular, OBL plural, PREP singular, PREP plural
 * Lektiz - thing
 * Lektiz
 * Lektici
 * Lektice
 * Lekticje

Verbs
There is only one verb conjugation class, with a few irregulars (all common intransitive verbs). In addition to tense and mood, verbs conjugate to the following subjects
 * First person singular
 * First person dual inclusive (you and I)
 * First person plural
 * Second person
 * Third person singular
 * Third person plural

What Do I Conjugate To?
'''Perhaps the most interesting aspect of the Arelian language is that it doesn't exhibit a tendency to any specific morphosyntactic alignment. Instead, one argument to a verb (can be the subject, direct object, or indirect object...doesn't really matter) retains the oblique case, while the other arguments take the prepositional and the preposition that preceedes them determines their role in the sentence. '''

'When conjugating the main verb of a clause, the verb inflects to the argument in the absolute case'', which, as previously mentioned, can be anything. Therefore, it's important to watch for which noun / pronoun is in the oblique and which are in the prepositional, as it can completely change the direction of the sentence.'''

Frequently (and this is just by convention rather than a rule of the language), the agent of a transitive verb and the subject of an intransitive verb take the absolute, similarly to nominative-accusative languages.

Infinitive Mood
The most basic of any verb form, the infinitives of verbs in Arelian end in either -at or -ov. Unlike other parts of speech, the -at and -ov endings don't have anything to do with whether or not the verb was derived from another part of speech, and in all other moods the verb forms are identical.

Realis Mood
The realis mood is quite broad, and actually includes a few irrealis moods (oops). It corresponds to the English indicative, subjunctive, and conditional, with the conditional functioning more as a tense in Arelian (since it also exists in the imperative mood). The present/future subjunctive is conjugated as the Future, and the past subjunctive is conjugated as the Conditional. In the Realis, 1pi is conjugated as 1p

Imperative Mood
There are only two tenses in the imperative mood, and they both conjugate only in the 1di and 2 forms. In this mood, 1pi is conjugated as 1di (you and I).

Adjectives
Arelian adjectives have three inflection classes. Class A consists of original adjectives and adverbs, Class B consists of adjectives formed from Class I nouns, and Class C consists of adjectives formed from verbs and/or Class II nouns.

Class B
Xjonarazex - Electricity

Xjonarazel - Electric

Class C
Knazat - to see

Knazic - vision

Knazal - visual

Pronouns
Pronouns in Arelian are quite simple, since they don't have case other than ABS and PREP. However, there's a [almost] full table of correlatives. This table is far more complete than English, but significantly more empty than Esperanto. The following is a list of personal/object pronouns (keep in mind that there's no distinction). The table of correlatives is located here, nice and color coded.

Adverbs
Adverbs in Arelian are quite simple and are created simply by using the -o ending on the base form of the word. There are no classes to worry about.

Prepositions
Prepositions play more of a role in the grammar of Arelian than they do in most other languages, and simple prepositions can be used to convey relatively complex evidentiality clauses, among other things. The following is a list of prepositions used in the language along with some of the most common prepositional phrases (in bold).
 * Case
 * Al - Ergative
 * Et - Accusative
 * Zan - Absolutive
 * Rod - Genitive
 * Lan - Dative
 * Cit - Instrumental
 * Rel - Locative
 * Evidentiality
 * Krol ___
 * Krol Zerelic - Sensory
 * Krol gli zerelicj - "As was felt"
 * Krol plari zerelicj - "As will be felt"
 * Krol Knazic - Visual Sensory / Witness
 * Krol gli knazicj -  "As was seen"
 * Krol plari knazicj - "As will be seen"
 * Krol Pliforic - Inferential / Assumed
 * Krol gli pliforicj - "As was assumed"
 * Krol plari pliforicj - "As will be assumed"
 * Krol Speric - Heresay (verbal)
 * Krol gli spericj - "As was said"
 * Krol plari spericj - "As will be said"
 * Krol Kjoleric - Heresay (written)
 * Krol gli kjolericj - "As was written"
 * Krol plari kjolericj - "As will be written"

Conversion
Each word, regardless of part of speech, contains a base form with the part of speech ending specific to it. The following are all the endings for every part of speech.
 * Nouns
 * ex
 * ēx
 * e
 * ē
 * ic
 * ice
 * icj
 * icje
 * Verbs
 * Infinitive
 * at
 * ov
 * Realis
 * Past
 * aīd
 * Present
 * as
 * ais
 * us
 * ez
 * oz
 * Future
 * irag
 * iraīg
 * irug
 * irez
 * iroz
 * Conditional
 * axj
 * aixj
 * uxj
 * exj
 * oxj
 * Imperative
 * Future
 * en
 * aīn
 * ev
 * aīv
 * Adjectives
 * i
 * ī
 * el
 * ēl
 * al
 * il
 * Adverbs

Alignment and Case
Arelian uses a tripartite alignment where ergative, accusative, and absolutive cases are marked with prepositions. In any given clause, one noun will be unmarked while the rest are. Therefore, the absolutive is rarely marked because it's often the only argument in a phrase. However, since the unmarked noun can be of any case, there are exceptions. For instance, in the sentence "I ran to him", one could mark "I" for the absolutive while leaving "him" unmarked.