Jéhèvca

Classification and Dialects
Jehèvcaé is the main native language of the human population of the moon of JeBa.

Because I am completely new at language-building, it heavily relies on known grammars (french and english). Any help or advice would be greatly appreciated.

Writing System
The writting system uses diacritics as vowels. In words beginning with a vowel, the letter ɔ acts as a consonnant with no sound. It is also used if more than 2 vowels follow a consonnant, or in cases of compound words.

Most of the diacritics can't be used with most consonnants using a keyboard, so the characters between brackets act as replacement.

There are 21 consonnants and 11 vowels.

The vowels are named as they sound and the consonnant are named : x-ès (b-x), x-as (y and z), šma (Δ) and zba (ɔ).

Nouns
Nouns decline in :

- definiteness : suffixe -a (/ø if the word ends with an a) for indefinite (a/an, un), -e/è for definite (the, le/la), -û for a demonstrative pronoun (this/that, ce/cet/cette/ces).

- number : the plural is indicated by the suffixe -n after the definitness mark. ''ex : sléti-û-n (those gifts). ''Definite plural is -in (not -en).

- possessive : determiners are build using ts+person vowel (see below)- as a prefixe to the noun. Pronouns are made of ts-PV-y(+n in the plural form).

Verbs
The infinitive form ends in -ar, but the within a sentence, the root has the same meaning (if the verb is plurisyllabic).

Persons
The person is indicated by a vowel (PV) directly following the root : -a (1st sing;), -o (2nd informal), -e/è (3rd sing.), -û (1st plur.), -i (3rd plur.), -ë (2nd formal).

Tenses
There are 4 past tenses, 2 presents, and 2 futures. They add a consonnant after the PV.

- past : perfect : -s, imperfect : -z, pluperfect : -š, definite (only for the 3rd person) : -ts. ex : tš-û-š (we had been thinking).

- present : perfect : no added consonnant, imperfect : -èl- before the PV. ex : stiam-èl-o (you are talking).

- future : perfect : -m, imperfect : -èl- before the PV. ex : izl-èl-a-m (I will be reading).

To indicate something you are about to do, use -om- before the PV.

Moods
- Conditionnal : -da (/d) after the PV and tense. ex : yeda (it would be). - Subjunctive : do before conjugated verb, or using object pronouns. (ex : I want you to be better : Hera do yo litir / Sohera d aj(e) litir) 

- Imperative : 2 forms : - simple : -r/w to the PV (-or/ow, -ûr/ûw, -ër/ëw). It is the only form available for monosyllabic verbs. -complex : commands a switch of the final letter of the root following this rule : a=o, b=p, c=q, d=t, é=ë, f=h, g=j, h=ø, i=u, j=c, q=p, m=n, n=r, o=ö, p=pr, r=w, s=š, t=z, u=ø, û=à, v=f, w=m, x=ø, y=à, z=zr, š=tr. The 2nd informal person use only the new root, and the 1st plur. and 2nd formal are made by adding their vowel.

ex : lépr-ë (go (formal)).

Participle
- Past : there are no compound tenses, so the past participle is only used for the passive voice, where it is self-sufficient : -t after the PV. ex : ol-a-t (I am eaten).

- Present : i root-èr makes the gerund. A qualifier can be made using the suffixe -èrt. ex : tsévayn-èrt (alarming).

Object Pronouns
2 types : -Accusative : s+PV- as a prefixe to the verb. -Dative : š+PV-. ex : ša-sé-blûv-o-s (you gave it to me).

Negation
The negative form is build using the word la- (no) as a prefixe. Other modifiers include : lao- (not anymore), lae- (not yet), laoxa- (/laxa-)(never), sival- (always), sil- (still).

Irregular Verbs
Three verbs have irregular forms : - aje (to be) : ja/ya, jo/yo, jé/yé,..... - ave (to have) : va, vo, vé, .....  - lepar (to go) : pa, po, pé, .... (this verb has a complex imperative form : lépr).

In the third person, those verbs can be used by adding their single-letter root to the subject. ''ex : tsa-maa-j (my mother is), ibas-û-v (this boat has), vi-é-n-p (the men go). For ajè, only the -j root can be used as a suffixe (never the y). ''