Isgalino

Pronunciation
IPA vowels

[a] - a

[ε] - e

[i:] - i

[o] - o

[o:] - o (Only at the end of a word.)

[u:] - u

Accents are used on vowels to denote stress. It is used in the suffix és to help further indicate the noun is female.

Consonants


 * c - [k] and [s]

d - [d]

f - [f]


 * g - [g] and [ʤ]

h - [h]

j - [ʤ]

k - [k]

l - [l]

m - [m]

n - [n]

p - [p]

r - [ɹ]

s - [s]

t - [t]

v - [v]

x - [ks]

y - [j]


 * c when followed by i or e is pronounced like [s]. Elsewhere it is pronounced like [k].


 * g when followed by i or e is pronounced like [ʤ]. Elsewhere it is pronounced like [g]. The combination gh is used when the [g] sound is before i or e.

ei - [e:]

ai - [ai]

oi - [oi]


 * hu - [w]


 * gu - [gw]


 * cu - [kw]

dh - [ð]

th - [θ]


 * when followed by vowels

Pronouns & possessive pronouns
I- Mi

He- Li

She- Shi

It- Si

They- Ti

We- Ni

You- Dhi

You all/lot- Dhis

My- Ma

Your- Dha

His- La

Her- Sha

Our- Na

You lot's- Dhisa

Their- Ta

Its- Sa

Myself - Mastan

Yourself - Dhastan

Himself - Lastan

Herself - Shastan

Ourself - Nastan

Yourselves - Dhisastan

Themselves - Tastan

Itself - Sastan

(the stan translates as being.)

Connectives

that, than, which - dhei

Those, them - dheis

This, these - dhe, dhes

Who - kei

What - kei

When - huen

Where - huer

Why - poc

Because - podh

But - Sed

If - si

not - no

Verbs

To be - Sta

To have - Tena

To do - Asa

To be able to - Poda

To say - Desira

To go - Ira

To see - Serva

To give - Dara

To know - Siensa

To want - Kera

To love - Ama

To arrive - Ariva

To pass - Pasa

To ought to - Deba

To put - Pona

To seem - Sima

To stay - Rimana

To believe - Creia

To speak - Pala

To take or carry - Toma

To let - Taraca

To follow - Sega

To find - Finda

To call - Noma

To wear - Labesa

To write - Cataba

To dance - Dansa

To think - Pensa

To wash - Lava

To start - Comensa

To read - Lera

To play - Joga

To rise - Asenda

To fall - Desasenda

To create - Creiara

To destroy - Descreiara

To like - Gusta

To earn - Gana

To laugh - Rida

To sing - Chanta

Basic verb tenses
Present - remains with a (Pala - speak)

Infinitive - remains with a (Pala - speak)

Past - a d is added to the end of the verb. (Palad - spoke)

Future - sa is placed before the verb. (sa pala - will speak)

Conditional - sau is placed before the verb. (sau pala - would speak)

Prepositions

To - A

Infront of, before - Ante

Around - Sircom

Against - Contra

Toward - Erga

Inside - In

Outside - Noín

Below - Infra

Between, among - Inter

Within - Intra

Near - Juxta

Through - Per

Behind, after - Post

Over - Super

Under - Nosuper

Beyond - Ultra

With - Com

Without - Nicom

Adjectives
(Adjectives always end in e, gender or pluralization does not affect this.)

Good - Bene (Bad - nobene.)

Big - Grande (Small - nogrande.)

Intelligent - Inteligente (Stupid - noínteligente.)

Brave - Brave (Cowardly - nobrave.)

Happy - Felise (Sad - nofelise.)

Interesting - Interese (Boring - noínterese.)

Normal - Normale - (Unusual - nonormale.)

Spanish - Ispane

Noun modifications
(Nouns which are male end in o or any consonant. Nouns which are female end in és. Nouns in which the object is either male and female or lack a gender end in i. To pluralize these nouns, this rule is applied; the plural of nouns which end in a vowel is the letter s. Plurals of nouns which end in consonants are es.)

Geli - ice, geli + gi - thing = ice cream (Ice thing.)

Ghitari - guitar, ghitari + jo - man = guitarist (Guitar man.)

Ghitari - guitar, ghitari + jés - woman = female guitarist (Guitar woman.)

Lusi - light, lusi + si - producer/maker = light bulb (Light producer.)

Domi - house, domi + ti - little = Hut (As a pose to; domi nogrande - small house)

Ispani - Spain, Ispani + ni - language = Spanish (Spanish language.)

Example text
''Le jo sa chanta a la sheves post li pona dheis in ta domitis de sheves. Li pensa dhe sta kei asa dheis tam forsie i efetie noín huen ti sta laboran. Li sa normalei tambei ambula sircom la teri sta serte li no tena norecordad anegi. Post li tena verificad, li ira a le cititi locale huer li normalei finda la amicos i beva e poke de vini. Alcune instansis ti sa ira a le citi grande, comei chi sta molte gis asa i si sta interese. Dho, post li jogad com la amicos li tenad ira a la domi odhrei, sta serte li nutrad la bovéses i acuad la plantis. ''

The man will sing to his horses after he puts them in their stables. He thinks this is what makes them so powerful and effective outside when they're working. He will normally also walk around his land to make sure he hasn't forgotten anything. After he has checked his land, he goes to the local town where he usually meets his friends and drinks some wine. Sometimes they will go to the big city, as there are many things to do and it is interesting. However, after he played with his friends he had to go to his house again, to be sure he fed his cows and watered his plants.