User:K1234567890y/Anglo-Chukchi

Anglo-Chukchi(Anglo-Chukchi: Дхы Чукчиш Тӹҥ /ðə ˈtʃʊktʃɪʃ ˈtʌŋ/ or simply Чукчиш /ˈtʃʊktʃɪʃ/), also called Chukchish by its speakers, is an English dialect spoken on the Chukchi peninsula, the Kamchatka peninsula, the Onekotan island and the Paramushir Island by about 50,000 people, it is believed that the Anglo-Chukchi dialect was brought by English immigrants from the United States in the 19th century.

Anglo-Chukchi speakers were mistaken as a tribe of Chukchis in the era of Russian Empire, although the mistake has been corrected, the name "Chukchi" is still used for the speakers, so does the name "Anglo-Chukchi"

In the first half of the 20th century, speakers of Anglo-Chukchi have undergone an extensive amount of russification, which caused them to adopt Cyrillic script to write their language and to adopt Russian-style names(for example, Johnson was forced to be changed into its corresponding russian form Ivanovich/Иванович, James to Yakov/Яков, Steven to Stefan/Стефа́н, Mary to Mariya/Мари́я, etc.), but their dialect survived.

Although Anglo-Chukchi speakers and speakers of North American English dialects can generally understand each other without difficulties, the influence of Russian on Anglo-Chukchi is prevalent, Anglo-Chukchi has many terms borrowed from Russian, especially academic terms and terms for modern ideas; also, the influence of local languages can also be seen.

Subdivision
It is known that Anglo-Chukchi has two subdivisions: The Chukchi variant and The Kamchatka-Paramushir Variant. The number of the speakers of the Chukchi variant is more numerous.

The Chukchi variant has been influenced by Canadian raising; while The Kamchatka-Paramushir variant is not affected.

Phonology
Being a dialect derived from North American English(including American English dialects and Canadian English), the phonology of Anglo-Chukchi is close to the General American accent of American English.

There's evidence showing that the Cot-caught merger, which has influenced many dialects of North American English, is taking place in Anglo-Chukchi, although such a merger is generally not reflected in its written form and not every speaker shows the Cot-caught merger in speech.

Orthography
Unlike most English dialects, Anglo-Chukchi is written in a version of the Cyrillic script:

Vowels:


 * А/а-/æ/
 * Э/э-/ɛ/
 * И/и-/ɪ/
 * Ӣ/ӣ-/i/
 * (Ий)/ий-/i/(final position)
 * А̄/а̄-/ɑ/
 * О/о-/ɔ/
 * У/у-/ʊ/
 * Ӯ/ӯ-/u/
 * Ӹ/ӹ-/ʌ/
 * Р̌/р̌-/ɜr/~/ɚ/
 * Ы/ы-/ə/~/ɨ/


 * Эй/эй-/eɪ/(used alternatively with Э̄/э̄)
 * Оў/оў-/oʊ/(used alternatively with О̄/о̄)
 * Ай/ай-/aɪ/~/ʌɪ/
 * Аў/аў-/aʊ/~/ʌʊ/
 * Ой/ой-/ɔɪ/


 * Я/я-/jæ/
 * Е/е-/jɛ/
 * Я̄/я̄-/jɑ/
 * Ё/ё-/jɔ/
 * Ю/ю-/ju/


 * Ей/ей-/jeɪ/(used alternatively with Е̄/е̄)
 * Ёў/ёў-/joʊ/(used alternatively with Ё̄/ё̄)
 * Яй/яй-/jaɪ/
 * Яў/яў-/jaʊ/
 * Ёй/ёй-/jɔɪ/

An acute accent may be used to indicate the primary stress of the word.

Consonnts:


 * М/м-/m/
 * П/п-/p/
 * Б/б-/b/
 * Ф/ф-/f/
 * В/в-/v/
 * Тх/тх-/θ/
 * Дх/дх-/ð/
 * Н/н-/n/
 * Т/т-/t/
 * Д/д-/d/
 * (Дд)/дд-/ɾ/
 * С/с-/s/
 * З/з-/z/
 * Р/р-/r/
 * Л/л-/l/(dark l is represented by Лъ/лъ)
 * Ч/ч-/tʃ/
 * Дж/дж-/dʒ/
 * Ш/ш-/ʃ/
 * Ж/ж-/ʒ/
 * Й/й-/j/
 * (Ӈ)/ӈ-/ŋ/(only in word-final position)
 * К/к-/k/
 * Г/г-/ɡ/
 * Ў/ў-/w/
 * Хў/хў-/ʍ/
 * Х/х-/h/

The present particle -ing is written as -ин in Anglo-Chukchi; while the gerund -ing is written as -иӈ in Anglo-Chukchi

Vocabulary
Most words of Anglo-Chukchi are the same to modern English variants of North American, however, academic terms and terms for modern concepts are usually of Russian origin or borrowed indirectly through Russian; moreover, local languages also have influence on the lexicon of Anglo-Chukchi.

Below are some comparisons(words that are different from the usual word of American English are in bold, excluding proper nouns):


 * Ай дроўв маў маши́ны ты Петропа́вловск-Камча́тский е́стр̌дэй. - I drove my car to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky yesterday.(маши́ны is from Russian маши́на, which is used instead of the usual American English word "car")
 * дхы вооружённий силы тэстыд ы ядирний ўэпын ин Но́вая Земля́. - the military tested a nuclear weapon in Novaya Zemlya(вооружённий, силы  and ядирний are from Russian вооружённы, сила(cf. вооружённые силы) and ядерный respectively)
 * хӣ кот ы кузр̌ - he caught a wolverine.(кузр̌ "wolverine" is a loanword from Nivkh к’узр̌)

Examples

 * Дхис ис май фа̄дхр̌ - This is my father
 * Дхы гр̌лъ ис кют, хр̌ нэйм ис Мари́я, шӣ ис Ива́н'с систр̌ - The girl is cute, her name is Maria, she is Ivan's sister.
 * Мэрий Крисмыс н' Хапий Ню Йир - Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!

The "I love you" song of Barney( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlL5RcJWNPE ):
 * Ай лӹв ю, ю лӹв мӣ, ўӣ а̄р хапий фамылий,
 * ўитх ы грэйт биг хӹг н' ы кис фрым мӣ ты ю,
 * ўоўн'т ю сэй ю лӹв мӣ тӯ?
 * Ай лӹв ю, ю лӹв мӣ, ўӣ'р бэст фрэндз лайк фрэндз шуд бӣ,
 * ўитх ы грэйт биг хӹг н' ы кис фрым мӣ ты ю,
 * ўоўн'т ю сэй ю лӹв мӣ тӯ?

The Wug Test(shows how the plural form of a word is spelled in Anglo-Chukchi):
 * Дхис ис ы ўӹг - This is a wug
 * Наў дхэр ис ынӹдхр̌ ўӹн, дхэр а̄р тӯ ӹф дхэм, дхэр а̄р тӯ ўӹгз - Now there is another one, there are two of them, there are two wugs.(Note that the plural form of Anglo-Chukchi follows the actual pronunciation pretty strictly, so the plural form in this case is represented by -з rather than -с)