Nomidian

General Informaiton
This is a romlang …

'''Constantly in development. It will change significantly. '''

JUST REDO IT, REDO IT ALLLLLLLLL ;-;-;-;-;-;-;-;-;

Allophony

 * {d g} > {ð ɣ} / V_V, V_(j, l, r, w)V
 * {ɲ ʎ} > {j̃ j} / _V̀
 * ʎ > ɟ / _V́  dialectal
 * n > ŋ / _{k g}
 * a > ɐ / _V̀
 * {e i}w > ɪw / Ò

Writing System
Alphabet A, B , C , D , E , F , G , H , I , J , K , L , M , N , O , P , QU , R , S , T , U , V , W , X , Y , Z [ a/ɐ , b , k/tʃ , d~ð , e, f , g~ɣ/dʒ , ∅ , i/j , dʒ , k , l , m , n , o , p , kw , r , s~s̱ , t , u/w , v , w , ks , i/j , ts } (*) Note: /I i/ is used as a full vowel or as [j] before/after vowels. /Y y/ is used in between vowels as [j].
 * C c - [k] before /A, O, U/, [tʃ] before /I, E, Y/
 * G g - [g] before /A, O, U/, [dʒ] before /I, E, Y/
 * Ľi ľi - [ʎ~ɟ~j]
 * Ñi ñi - [ɲ~j̃]
 * Sç sç - [ʃ]
 * Ll ll - [x]
 * Ch ch - [k]
 * Gh gh - [g]
 * Rr rr - [ʁ] before /A, O, U/, [ʐ] before /I, E, Y/
 * Rh rh - [r] (only at the beginning of a word)
 * Û û - [y]
 * Ô ô - [ø]
 * iV / Vi / yV / Vy- [j]
 * uV / Vu - [w]
 * Pl pl, Tl tl, Cl cl  - [pɬ, tɬ, ɬ]
 * acute accent - changed stress
 * Vn, Vm - nasal vowel (/Ñ ñ/ does not make the nasal quality apply)
 * Nn nn, Mm mm - [n, m], does not make a nasal vowel

(*) Note: /K k/ and /W w/ are used only in loans

(*) Note: the letter /Î î/ is only used with a plural noun (is used in writing to distinguish between singular nouns that end in -i and plural nouns)

Declension and Articles
The original noun declension was quickly simplified to one of the following suffixes ("X" means anything, but these are rare and are typically with set suffixes) All nouns have their genders distinguished with the developed articles along with their definateness. Definite proximal came from HIC, distal from ILLE , indefinite from ŪNUS (other forms came from analogy with the masculine form), and mass articles came from ŪLLUS. In development, each article developed a sandhi form which follows suit: pure / initial sandhi / final sandhi / both. Initial sandhi is when the preceding word ends with a vowel. Final sandhi is when the following word starts with a vowel. Both is when both the preceding and following words end/begin with a vowel. Initial and both sandhi forms do not apply to mass articles as they do not have them given that they start with consonants.
 * -u : masculine, singular
 * -a : feminine, plural
 * -∅, -X : masculine/feminine, singular
 * -î : masculine/feminine, plural

Verb
Verb paradigms experienced the greatest shift from Classic Latin. In modern Nomidian, the is no more conjugation to person, number, or voice. The current forms come from the third person singular forms (although, there are some defective verbs which conjugate only to  one  pronoun or come from another person/number/etc). Although the past remained intact, the future tense was replaced in favor of a paraphrastic construction (by which with other grammatical constructions, various other future and conditional tenses). The imperative form was merged with the indicative present.

Nominal forms of verbs were all but removed, being slimmed until only the past participle and gerund (aka, the present participle). The past participle is called such as it functions as an adjective and a participle; the gerund, however, can only act as a gerund. The infinitive form, however, is formed differently than simply taking the old Latin infinitive. Instead, by analogy, the present subjunctive form has a -r, -ár, -ér, or -ír added to its end (though, this may be irregular).

Paraphrastic Phrases

 * Future
 * baér, baci [present] + infinitive = future
 * baér, baci [future] + infinitive = far future (literary)
 * baér, baci [present] + past participle = future anterior
 * Conditional
 * baér, baci [perfect] + infinitive = conditional
 * baér, baci [pluperfect] + infinitive = conditional perfect
 * Passive
 * seir, fuéi [desired tense] + past participle = passive
 * Miscellaneous
 * etár, etiéi [desired tense] + gerund = progressive aspect
 * faciér, feici [desired tense] + infinitive = causative

Auxiliaries

 * seir, fuéi [sejr, fwej] - to be (aux.)


 * Infinitive: seir
 * Past Participle: sau
 * Gerund: sanu
 * etár, etiéi [eˈtar, eˈtjej] - to be, to feel (aux.)


 * Infinitive: etár
 * Past Participle: etáu
 * Gerund: etanu
 * baér, baci [baˈer, batʃi] - to go (aux.)


 * Infinitive: baér
 * Past Participle: ju
 * Gerund: bagiendu
 * faciér, feici [fatʃjˈer, fejtʃi] - to do, to make (aux.)


 * Infinitive: faciér
 * Past Participle: fayu
 * Gerund: facienu

Classes

 * -ár, -àu [-ar, -ɐʊ̯] : clama, clamàu; gherrha, gherrhàu; lúa, lúàu


 * Infinitive: -ár, -r
 * Past Participle: clamáu
 * Gerund: clamanu
 * -ér, -óe [-er, -oe] : monér, monóe; ponér, pozóe; timér, timóe


 * Infinitive: -ér
 * Past Participle: -tu, -du
 * Gerund: -enu
 * -ír, -i/-èu [-ir, -i/-ɪw] : venír, veni; sendír, senzi; oír, oí

(*) there are many irregular forms of the perfect in this conjugation
 * Infinitive: -ír
 * Past Participle: -tu, -du / -iú
 * Gerund: -ienu

Word List

 * Google Spreadsheet : Voilà

Swadesh List
(*) PS = part of speech

Sentence Examples

 * 1) The baby laughed
 * 2) *Eli bebi rhizí
 * 3) *[eli bebi xiˈtsi]
 * 4) * MAS-SING.DEF/DIS baby. SING laugh. IND-PER
 * 5) Our teacher is writing
 * 6) *Noatla plûfiésora eclí
 * 7) *[nwatɬɐ pɬyˈfjesorɐ eˈɬi]
 * 8) *we. POSS.1st-PLIR.FEM teacher. FEM-SING write. IND-PRE
 * 9) The snow has melted
 * 10) *Ila nei fúzi / Ja si-fúzi pel'la nei
 * 11) *[ilɐ nej futsi] / [dʒa s̱i futsi pel.lɐ nej]
 * 12) * FEM-SING.DEF/DIS snow melt. IND-PER / it. FEM REF .melt. IND-PER by- FEM-SING.DEF/DIS snow
 * 13) A goat wandered through the forest with her kids
 * 14) When was America discovered?
 * 15) Why are you laughing?
 * 16) A box of growing plants stood in the window

Sound Changes
Nasal vowels are not affected by vowel changes unless otherwise marked by the sign "+ã" {aɪ̯ aʊ̯ oɪ̯} > {ɛ: ɔ: e:} {pʰ tʰ kʰ} > {f ts x} wj > j w > b / #_ ; {b w} > v / V_(L)V {t s m} > ∅ / _# V: > V {e ɪ o ʊ} > {e e o o} [ɛ́ ɔ́} > {je wo} VN > Ṽ s > z / V_V {k g} > {tʃ dʒ} / _I {t d} > {tʃ dʒ} / _jV {p t k} > {b d g} / V_(L)V {b d g} > {v ð ɣ} / V_(L)V [penult stress] > [final stress] / $r#, $n# wo > wɔ Vr > rV ! $́ {k g}C > jC {k g} > ŋ / _{r l n} oj > we ; uj > wi j > dʒ / #_ j{n l}, {n l}j , ŋ{n l} , i{n l}V > {ɲ ʎ} {p t k} > {b d g} / V_(L)V {b d g} > {v ð ɣ} / V_(L)V {v ð ɣ} > ∅ / V_(L)V r > ʁ / V_V ! _I > ʐ sk > ʃ / _I C̬: > C̬ˠ: l: > x: n: > ŋg d: > g: r > x / #_ {ɛ ɔ} > {e o} e > ej / Ó wɔ > wa l > r / V_V r > l / C_, _C* , _#  (*only in the same syllable) C: > C {p t k}l > {p t k}ɬ kɬ > ɬ {s l b} > {h x w} / _C {u o} > {y ø}+ã / _${j i} {a e o} > {ɐ i u} / Ò h > ∅ z > ts ɲ > j̃ / V_V̀ ʎ > j / V_V̀ ; ʎ > ɟ / V_V́ s̱ / _C, _#

Key:  O  - open syllable |  Ɵ  - closed syllable |  ´  - stressed |  `  - unstressed |  ˆ  - secondary stressed / near-stress |  $  - syllable  |  I  - front vowels |  U  - back vowel |  P  - plosive |  Ob.  - obstruent |  L  - liquid |  N  - nasal consonant

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––