Kogdali

Phonotactics

 * 1) [g] is pronounced as [ɣ] ([j] in some dialects) when between vowels.
 * 2) [d] and [t] are palatalized as [ɟ] and [c] when preceding [i], [e], or [ɪ].
 * 3) [u] is pronounced as [y] in a word-final position.

Writing System
Kogdali is digraphic, featuring both Latin and Cyrillic alphabets. Contrary to trends influenced by globalization, Cyrillic is the more popular alphabet, especially among younger speakers. Currently, 72% of daily users favor the Cyrillic alphabet. Both alphabets feature different spelling conventions and do not directly correlate to each other letter-for-letter, nor do they alphabetize in the same order.

Latin Alphabet
The Latin alphabet features 33 "true" letters, five palatalized vowels (represented with acute accents), one digraph (tj), and one non-native letter (q). The digraph tj is alphabetized between ti and tk.
 * 1) The letter Q/q only appears in loanwords, such as qviz (quiz) and kwmqvaty (kumquat). The sequence qu is always rendered as qv (кв in Cyrillic).
 * 2) The letter X/x is natively used between two consonants of a digraph to cancel out the phonological change, rendering two separate consonants. This can be seen in the words mutxju /mut.ju/ (dragon), compared to mutju /muchu/ (kiss); and in the words vahxśa /vax.ʃa/ (temple), compared to vahśa /vaça/ (a female cow). In loanwords, X/x can be pronounced as [ks], [gz], [x], or [h], such as in xylofon (xylophone, or гзилофон in Cyrillic).
 * 3) The digraph Tj/tj cannot occur before vowels e, i, and y.
 * 4) The letter J/j is pronounced as [ɪ] after vowels, and as [j] after consonants.

Cyrillic Alphabet
The Cyrillic alphabet has 36 letters, one digraph, and one phonological symbol (ь).
 * 1) The letter Ь/ь serves the same purpose of X/x in the Latin alphabet, though only in the case of contrasting Тј/тј with Тьј/тьј.
 * 2) Digraph Тј/тј cannot occur before vowels е, и, and ү.
 * 3) Semivowel й can only follow vowels in a non-final position, such as in майвал (spring). In all other cases, ј is used, like in галбој (dog).
 * 4) The letters Я/я and Ю/ю cannot occur in a word-initial position. In the beginning of a word, they are replaced with Ја/ја and Ју/ју.

Example text
Latin: 'Lwbrty hźa egvaly dignitava hźa direjtva twm omany kogdanu. Raʒónwr hźa avganimnanwr tejn datanu mraj espicu fraternitetwn atejn hśotanake.'

Cyrilic: 'Лұбртү ѓа егвалү дигнитава ѓа дирейтва тұм оманү когдану. Раҙјонұр ѓа авганимнанұр тейн датану мрај еспицу фратернитетұн атейн ќотанаке.'

IPA: /lɯbrcɪ ʝa egvalɪ ɟignitava ʝa ɟireɪtva tɯm ɔmanɪ kɔgdany/ /raʒjɔnɯr ʝa avganimnanɯr ceɪn datany mraɪ espit͡sy fracernicetɯn aceɪn çɔtanake/

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

''free.PL and equal.PL dignity.ABL and right.PL.ABL all human.PL arrive.3PL.PART