Átarin

Consonants
Átarin has twenty-six consonant sounds.

Vowels
Átarin has eight vowel sounds.

Following diphthongs may appear:

 * The short ones are oa,ja, ae, oe, je, ai,  ɛ i, ao, jo, eu, ou and ey.
 * The long ones are âe, ôe, âo and ou.

Stress Patterns
Átarin has a pitch accent. Every accentuated syllable is spoken more loudly and a fifth higher. But there is an exeption. If the last syllable of a sentence accentuated, it can be accentuated in various pitches. If the sentence is an interrogative clause, the syllable is pronounced normally. If it is a statement, the syllable is spoken a fifth deeper. And if it is an exclamation, the syllable is spoken with the same pitch as the rest of the word. Diacritical signs may be on the accentuated syllable but not necassarily. If you use diacritical signs, the high pitch contour is marked by an acute on a monophthong or a circumflex on a diphthong and the deep one pitch contour is marked by a grave on a monophtong or a breve on a diphtong. The normal pitch contour may be marked by a dot on the vowel of the  accentuated syllable.

An Átarin syllable may be "heavy" or "light."

A syllable is light if:

A syllable is heavy if:
 * It contains short vowels including short diphtongs

For syllable boundaries at the middle of a word, a good rule of thumb is that if a vowel is followed by two consonants, the first consonant is at the end of a syllable and thus the syllable is heavy. For this purpose:
 * It contains a long vowel.
 * It contains a long .diphthong.
 * It ends with a consonant. This is not in place at the end of a word.

Following rules take place for the accentuation:
 * Digraphs, such as dh, gh, lj or th count as a single consonant.
 * A plosive followed by a liquid or an nasal counts as a single consonant.
 * A geminant counts as two consonants.

There is mostly only one accent per word, but  in certain cases there may be two accents per word for emphasis or differentiation of words:
 * If the ultima is heavy, the accent falls on the ultima.
 * If the last two syllables are light, the accent falls at the antepenult or the penult, if this is the first syllable of the word.
 * If the Ultima is light and the Penult heavy, the accent falls on the penult.


 * There can not be an accent in the syllable directly before another accent.
 * There can only be an accent on a diphtong, if there already is an accentuated diphtong in the word.

Writing System
I will put a macron on the vowels to express long vowels. But I am using the trema for e and y, because you can not put a macron on them.

Nouns
Nouns have four numbers:
 * Singular (for one object)
 * Dual (for two objects)
 * Plural (for many objects)
 * Collective (for all objects.

and nine cases:

Nominative
The nominative case is the case of the subject.

Vocative
The vocative is used for appellation.

Accusative
The accusative is the case of the direct object.

Genitiv
The genitive marks possesion or purpose. It is mostly used, when we take the prepositions of, for or to.

Dative
The dativ is the case of the indirect object.

Ablative
The ablative is used to express motion away from something. It also marks anteriority.

Allative
The allative is used to express motion to something. It also marks posteriority.

Locative
The locative marks the location of something. It is also used to epress simultaneity.

Instrumental
The instrumental is used to indicate that a noun is the instrument or companien of the subject.

Personal Endings
You usually take the first of two personal endings, if possible.

Present
Regular verbs are conjugated in the present tense by puttung the ending right after the stem.

Verbs ending on a vowel will be conjugated as follows: You have to take the second personal ending by vowel stem verbs in present tense, if possible.

Verbs ending on a vowel will be conjugated as follows:

Aorist
Regular verbs are conjugated in the aorist like in the present tense, but you have to put an -a after the stem.

Verbs ending on a vowel will be conjugated as follows: Sometimes vocal stem verbs are conjugated only with the personal ending after the stem and without the -a-infix. Irregular verbs:

Adjectives
Comparative and Superlative

Adverbs