Nòcara

Phonology
Nòcara has 10 vowels, and 18 consonants. In Nòcaran alphabetical order, they are è, ù, a, u, e, i, o, à, ò, ì, l, r, m, n, p, t, c, b, d, g, f, s, š, v, z, ž, č, j.

Vowels
è - [i]

ù - [u]

a - [a]

u - [ʌ]

e - [ɛ]

i - [ɪ]

o - [ɔ]

à - [e]

ò - [o]

ì - [y]

Consonants
Consonants without diacritical marks are pronounced as in English.

š - [ʃ]

č - [ʧ]

ž - [ʒ]

Phonotactics
The usual syllable structure is a simple CV. However, affixes deviate from this. Prefixes are allowed to be simply V, and suffixes are usually CVC.

Nouns
Nouns have six cases: Intransitive/Absolutive, Ergative, Accusative, Dative, Postpositional, and Genitive. Cases are marked with vowel prefixes. Nouns are also declined based on number: singular, dual, or plural and this is marked with a suffix.

In transliterated foreign words beginning with a vowel, an l is added between the prefix and the word. For example, America would be written as Umàricu in the absolutive case, but in the ergative case, it would be written as Alumàricu.

Intransitive/Absolutive Case
Unmarked case (dictionary word), used for the arguement of an intransitive verb. The word for ring, tumòma, for example: "The ring(s) sparkled."

Ergative Case
Marks the subject of a transitive verb. Using tumòma again: "The ring(s) hit him."

Accusative Case
Marks the object of a transitive verb. Keeping with tumòma: "The goldsmith forged the ring(s)."

Dative Case
Marks the indirect object. "The jeweler added diamonds to the ring(s)."

Postpositional Case
This marks the object of a postpositional phrase. "The diamonds on the ring(s) sparkled."

Genitive Case
A noun modifying another noun to indicate a relationship, frequently posession. "The ring's dropped it."/"The rings' owner dropped them."

Verbs
There are three tenses (past, present, future), and four aspects (perfective, habitual, continuous, simple), all indicated with prefixes. Number (as with nouns) and mood (infinitive, indicative, imperative, potential, interrogative) are indicated with suffixes. Affix order is tense-aspect-root-mood-number. The verb number agrees with the subject, and uses the same suffixes.

Infinitive Mood
The basic, unconjugated form. In English, usually indicated by the word "to" in front: "to go". In Nòcara, unconjugated verbs end with rà. For example, "nòcara" means language. "To speak" is nòcarà.

Other Moods
The moods besides infinitve are conjugated by adding a suffix to the root word. Indicative mood is -lo, imperative is -ro, potential is -so, and interrogative is -zo.

Tenses
The tenses are indicated with a vowel prefix. Past tense is marked with à-, present tense is marked with ò- and future tense is marked with ì-.

Aspects
Simple aspect is unmarked. The other three have infixes that follow the tense prefix and precede the root word. Perfective is -ba-, habitual is -pa-, and continuous is -ta-.