H'snme

=Setting and Description=

H'snme is a language where nouns and verbs are simply the same word type; they align the same, both can carry the same suffixes and information and both have the same priority.

=Phonology and Orthography=

Phonotactics
To define the phonotactics of H'snme one needs to divide the phonemes into classes. The following table demonstrates them:

There are certain constrictions to syllables:

In addition to syllable constrictions, there are a few other rules that are of note:
 * 1) There can't be more than four modifiers per letter.
 * 2) There can't be more than two fricatives or plosives next to each other.
 * 3) One phoneme can't repeat itself unless it is modified differently.

Sound Mutations
For the language to function properly, certain mutation laws are in effect.

Regressive Metaphony
Regressive Metaphony is a sound change in which central and back vowels inside the root get influenced by frontal [ɛ] and [ɨ] in suffixes. It is caused only by suffixing and is productive.

I will use a simple example root of "faty" (~sky). Using the simplest derivational suffix of "-c'e", giving the new word of "fātyc'e" (heavenly). Here, the vowel [a], under the effect of [ɛ], turned into [æ]. As you may have noticed, each letter when fronted receives a macron above it (since it is the only common diacritic within the limited set of Latin and Latin-Extended). There exists a limit to regressive metaphony: one frontal can influence only one back vowel, and it happens to the nearest.

The root "łaku" (~time) is a perfect example. The same suffix of "-c'e" makes the word "łak ū c'e" (timely), not "łākūc'e". This is due to the amount of vowels in the suffix. This process is called Umlaut in Germanic languages. It bears simmilarity to the inverse of a softer form of vowel harmony.

Bleeding Effect
Bleeding effect is a sound mutation involving modificators. The bleeding effect occurs when two fundamentally same consonants (nasalised, lateralised, palatalised, aspirated, labialised, vouced or velarised vs. plain), first modified and the second not, come together in the span of two syllables without any C-class phonemes in between.

The following example demonstrates:

Here, the root "tudñ" (~action) received the deminutive suffix of "-etsz", becoming "tūdñetsz" (~small action); the bleeding effect morphs the pronounciation without actually doing anything to the latin spelling.

=Grammar=

Morphosyntactic Alignment
The morphosyntax of H'snme is different from that of most languages. The alignment isn't the classic Subject-Agent-Patient, but based on Priority.

Each major part of speech gets a priority tag, namely -TOP, -AVRG, and -LOW.

The priority system isn't just a fancy way of saying "tripartite", where the S, A, and P parts of speech invariantly get a class of cases, but actually a very fluid system partially based on emphasis, importance, focus and obviously priority.

Essentially, any part of speech can get any of the three priority tags based on how important it is related to the details and the bigger picture. Each simple sentence (a finished thought that has an action, an optional patient and optional modifiers) has priorities.

The priority laws (or rules, if laws sound too harsh) are often the only line dividing the priorities from anarchy. They are a set of boundaries priorities can't break unless it is specified so.

The rules are as listed:
 * In every sentence, there must be a -TOP priority, unless the sentence isn't very important, therefore the main priority turns to -AVRG.
 * An adjective cannot get tagged higher than the word it modifies, unless the attribute is more important than the word.
 * An -AVRG tag can exist almost exclusively if there already are -LOW and -TOP tags.
 * In any one simple sentence, there can be at most three tags, therefore no repetition of tags is allowed.

Morphology and Syntax
Grammar is divided into two basic categories: Morphology and Syntax.

=Dictionary= =Example text=