New Byzantine

General information
New Byzantine, also known as New Byzantine Greek, New Medieval Byzantine or simply the Byzantine language, is the language spoken in the restored Byzantine from around AD 800 until the Fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1712. It developed from Medieval Greek, with influences from Vulgar Latin and Late Latin - especially during the era of restoration and resurgence between AD 800 and 1100, when peace was made with Kievan Rus' and the Bulgarian Empire and borders were secured. Scholars have noted that influences from Vulgar Latin increased after the establishment of the Byzantine protectorate over the Papal States (Patrimony) and the incorporation of Ravenna, in the 11th and 13th centuries, respectively.

Vowels
И η = /eː/

I ι = /i/ (note: I i = /j/)

İ í = /i/ (note: I i = /j/)

E ε = / ɛ/

Ē έ = /eː/

V υ = /u/

V̄ ύ = /uː/

O o = / ɔ /

Ō ó = / ɔ ː/

Ω ω = /o/

Ω̄ ώ (note the typographical error; the macron should be above the omega or, alternatively, though it, somewhat like this: Ө)

A  α =  /ɑ/

Ā ά = /a ː /

Y y = /iː/

Diphtongs and vowel digraphs
Aυ αυ = /oː/

Eι ει = / ɛ ɪ̯/

A ε αε = / ɑ ɪ̯/ (sometimes capital written as a ligature: Æ)

Oι oι = / ɔ ɪ̯/

Consonants
B β = /b/

V v = /w/

G  c  = / ɡ /

D δ = /d/

Z z = /z/

Θ θ = /tʰ/

I i = /j/

Κ κ = /k/

Λ λ = /l/

Μ μ =/m/

N ɴ = /n/

Ξ ξ = /ks/ (between two vowels: /sː/)

Π π = /p/

R ϱ = /r/

Σ s = /s/

Τ τ = /t/

Ϛ ϛ = /st/

Φ φ = /f/

Χ χ = /x/

Ψ ψ = /ps/ (between two vowels: /sː/