Old Shax/Sound Change

Sound Changes
´ = stressed, ` = unstressed, V = vowel, C - consonant, (S) = closed syllable, (Ṩ) = open syllable.

Classical Latin Stress Rules
Usually, stress is on the penultimata; however, if both the penultima and ultima are short and are not separated by two consonants, stress is on the antepenultima.

Rules of Assimilation
Usually the first consonants determins the assimilation (ex: zt > zd, gt > gd, etc), but fricatives hold more weight in these sound changes so the voicing goes to that (ex: gs > ks, ds > ts). Liquids don't have phonemic voice and are therefore irrelevant.

Classic Latin > Vulgar Latin

 * [yː], [ʏ] > [iː], [ɪ]
 * m > ∅/_# (except in monosyllable words)
 * m, n > ∅/(fricative)
 * w > β
 * h > ∅
 * b > β/V_V
 * syncope of vowels in unstressed medial syllables ending in [l] or [r]
 * oi̯ > e
 * ai̯ > ɛː
 * Removal of phonemic length (except in open stressed syllables and monosyllable words)
 * (e, i) > j/_V
 * ɪ > e
 * ʊ > o

Vulgar Latin > Mauritanian Romance
All masculine nouns are turned to the 3rd declension and feminine to first exceptions: feminine in the 3rd remaine and masculine in the 1st remain; other exceptions
 * (o, u) > w/_V
 * au̯ > ɔ
 * pʰ > f
 * tʰ > tː
 * kʰ > x
 * β > v
 * s > ∅/_#
 * s > z/_#
 * iː > i
 * uː > jo
 * aː > ɛa
 * eː > je
 * oː > we
 * ɛː > ɛ
 * z > θ
 * t > t͡ʃ/_(i, e, j)
 * d > d͡ʒ/_(i, e, j)
 * (e, i) > j/V_C
 * (o, u) > w/V_C
 * ú > jo/#_
 * s > θ/_(i, e, j)
 * á > ɑ/!ɛ_
 * à  > a
 * ì > e
 * í, è > i
 * é > ɛ
 * ó > ɔ
 * ɛ́ > je/!#_ (polysyllable)
 * ɔ > ɑ
 * plosive + [l] > plosive + [r]
 * Arabic words
 * Arabic words' (Qur'anic) sound changes
 * ʕ > ∅
 * ħ > h
 * ʔ > ∅/#_
 * ʔ > t/!#_
 * aː > ɑɛ
 * iː > ea
 * uː > oa
 * tˤ, dˤ, sˤ, ðˤ~zˤ, ɮˤ > ts, dz, sː, ðw, zː
 * ɟ > ʒ
 * q > k
 * χ > x
 * ʁ > ɣ
 * l > r/V_V
 * Lenition
 * b > β/V_V
 * d > ð/V_V
 * g > ɣ/V_V
 * s > z/V_V
 * z > j/V_V
 * k > x/V_V
 * t(r, l, w) > θ(r, l, w)
 * ɑ̀ >  ɤ/S
 * ɑ̀ >  ʌ/Ṩ
 * Vm > Ṽᵝ/!_V
 * V(n, ŋ) > Ṽ/!_V
 * Ṽ(plosive) > Vn(t, d); Vm(p, b); Vŋ(k, g)
 * p > w/#_
 * Final lenition
 * b > m/_#
 * d > n/_#
 * g > ŋ/_#
 * p > f/_#
 * t > d/_#
 * k > g/#_
 * kʷ(o, u) > ku
 * kʷ(i, e) > kʷʌ
 * kʷ(a, ɑ) > kʷɑ
 * kʷ > kf!_(ɑ, ʌ)
 * s, t, d > ∅/_#
 * Vk > Ṽ/_#

Mauritanian Romance > Old Shax
Stress moves to the penulimate syllable and monosyllable words carry no stress.


 * l > ɬ/#_
 * θ > ∅/_#
 * l > ɬ/_VC
 * ɣ > j/V_V
 * ɣ > ∅
 * d͡ʒ > t͡ʃ
 * jo > ɤ
 * ʌ > ɤ
 * e, o, ɤ, ẽ, õ, ɤ˜ > ɛ, ɔ, ʌ, ɛ̃, ɔ̃, ʌ̃/Ṩ
 * ɛ, ɔ, ʌ, ɛ̃, ɔ̃, ʌ̃ > e, o, ɤ, ẽ, õ, ɤ˜/S, _#
 * u, o, ɤ > eu/C_#
 * (z, v, ð) > (θ, f, θ)/_#
 * Vj(i, e) > Vʒ(i, e)
 * b, m > β/_#
 * p > f/_#
 * w > v/V_V
 * eu > ju
 * h > ∅/_#
 * ɑ > a/S!_#
 * ɑ > a/#_
 * Vm > Ṽᵝ
 * V(n, ŋ) > Ṽ
 * Ṽ(plosive) > Vn(t, d); Vm(p, b); Vŋ(k, g)
 * ĩ, ẽ > ɪ̃
 * ɛ̃, ã > æ̃
 * ũ, õ, ɤ̃ > ø̃
 * ʌ̃, ɔ̃, ɑ̃ > ɔ̃
 * (ĩ, ẽ, ã, ɛ̃, ɤ, ʌ̃)ᵝ > ɯ̃ᵝ
 * (ũ, õ, ɔ̃)ᵝ > ỹᵝ
 * l(j, u, o) > ɬ(∅, u, ∅)
 * j > l/#_
 * ɬj, lj > ɬ
 * Cl(j, u, o) > t͡ʃ

Old Shax > Modern Shax
Stress in VCV words becomes ultimate


 * ɑ > a
 * b > β/V_V
 * d > ð/V_V
 * g > ɣ/V_V
 * p > b/V́_V̀, _(r, l)
 * t > θ/V́_V̀; t > d/_r; tr > ðr/V́_V̀; tl > t͡ʃ
 * k > g/V́_V̀, _(r, l)
 * Geminates
 * lː > ɫ
 * ɬː > t͡ʃ
 * jː > ʒ
 * wː > β
 * Cː > C
 * β > w
 * ɣ > j
 * ɫ > g
 * r > ə̯/_#, VrC
 * l > w/#_
 * ɬ > s/#_
 * (f, v)jɛ > (p, b)ɛ
 * je > i
 * ju > ø
 * (ɪ̃, ỹᵝ, æ̃, ø̃, ɯ̃, õ) > (i, ø, ɛ, ø, ø, ɔ)
 * ɛa > i
 * VhV > Vː (if they're the same)
 * h > ∅
 * Vi, e > Vj
 * Vu, o > Vʊ̯
 * o > u/_#
 * e > i/_#
 * ɯ > ø
 * (e, o, ø, ɤ) > (ɛ, ɔ, œ, ʌ)/Ṩ, #_
 * (ɛ, ɔ, œ, ʌ) > (e, o, ø, ɤ)/S, _#
 * ɛ̀ > je
 * V̀ > ∅/#_ !#_V; (i, e, u, o)V > (j, j, w, w)V
 * w(i, e) > ɥ(i, e)
 * w > ∅/(u, o, ɔ, ø, œ)

Website
http://www.zompist.com/sca2.html