User:K1234567890y/temp/Sgen language

Sgen language(Native name of Sgen language: rakatakapamopotaka, lit. translation into English: human tongue) is a constructed language created by KOS-MOS.

Sgen language is spoken by the Sgen people of the 8th world, the name Sgen is not their native tongue name, it's the word of their neighbor nation, the gur people, the word "Sgen" means "peasant" in the gur language.

Phonology of Sgen language
Syllable structure:(C)V

Alphabets
The sgen language used to be a language without writting system ,in about 120 years ago, A writting system based on Latin alphabets was founded, that's the writting system of the sgen language nowadays.


 * A - /&#593;//&#594;//&#652;//&#596;/
 * E - /&#603;/
 * GH - /&#611;//&#609;//&#331;//&#624;/
 * I - /&#618;/
 * K - /k/
 * M - /m//b//&#946;/
 * O - /o//&#612;//&#650;/
 * P - /p/
 * R - /&#638;//l//n//d/
 * T - /t//ts//s/

Note: "aa", "ee", "ii", and "oo" are not long vowels of "a", "e", "i", and "o", "aa", "ee", "ii", and "oo" should be pronounced separately e.g. "ee" is frequently pronounced as /&#603; &#603;/, not /&#603;&#720;/ or /e&#720;/

Vowel mutation
If vowels of the stem of a word are front vowels, the vowels of affixes change into front vowels; If vowels of the stem of a word are back vowels, the vowels of affixes change into back vowels. The mutation of vowels are shown below:


 * o(close-mid back vowels or near-close back vowels)<->i(near-close front vowels)
 * a(Open-mid back vowels or open back vowels)<->e(Open-mid front vowels)

example:
 * rakataka(person/human) --> rakataka-ro(to the person)
 * ikeremi(child) --> ikeremi-ri(to the child)
 * rakataka(person/human) + teriki(land) --> rakataka-taroko(Homeland of Sgen people)

Grammar
The sgen language is a verb-last language, its word order is basically SOV(the OSV order is also common).


 * Noun inflections:
 * Cases:
 * Nominative:-ma/me
 * Genitive:-ta/te
 * Dative:-ro/ri
 * Accusative:-mo/mi
 * Benefactive:-gha/ghe
 * Instrumental:-gho/ghi
 * Locative:-to/ti
 * Ablative:-ra/re
 * Other inflections(put before cases):
 * noun dual:-po/pi-
 * noun plural:-pa/pe-


 * Verb inflections:
 * present/infinitive:-paro/peri
 * past:-poka/pike
 * progressive:-roka/rike
 * perfect:-ghata/ghete
 * question maker(put after tenses):-kagha/keghe
 * negation(put after tenses, before question maker):-pamo/pemi
 * optative(=hope and wish ,put after tenses, before question maker):-ghomo/ghimi


 * adjective:-ta/te
 * dependent clause ender:-maro/meri

words
This is only a part of the words, the complete word list is under construction.

Other words

 * And(before sentence, use dependent clause ender):a
 * Or(before sentence, use dependent clause ender):e
 * If(before sentence, use dependent clause ender):i
 * Then(before sentence, use dependent clause ender):mepi
 * Because(before sentence, use dependent clause ender):ka
 * So;therefore(before sentence, use dependent clause ender):ta
 * before(after sentence/word, use no dependent clause ender):pie
 * after(after sentence/word, use no dependent clause ender):pa
 * when(not pronoun); as soon as(after sentence/word, use no dependent clause ender):apo

Numbers

 * one:mo
 * two:pi
 * 1) three:pepi
 * 2) four:emi
 * 3) five:poka
 * 4) (six:mopokapao(1+5); pokamopao(5+1))
 * 5) (seven:pipikepei(2+5, vowel mutation); pokapopao(5+2, vowel mutation))
 * 6) (eight:piemi(2*4, vowel mutation); pokapapopao(5+3, vowel mutation); pepipikepei(3+5, vowel mutation))
 * 7) (nine:taamopoa(10-1, vowel mutation); emipikepei(4+5, vowel mutation); pokaamopao(5+4, vowel mutation))
 * ten:taa
 * hundred:kaamaa
 * plus:pao
 * minus:pie
 * -th:-ata/-ete

Pronouns

 * 1) Relative clause starter: mie
 * 2) Imprative pronoun:ikie
 * 3) Here:iki
 * 4) There:aghako
 * 5) When:mamo
 * 6) Where:magho
 * Who:mato
 * 1) What:mepe
 * 2) Which:mata
 * Why:meghe
 * How:meite
 * 1) How many:meti

Nouns

 * Sun:akapo
 * 1) Moon:metimi
 * 2) Star:aghatara
 * 3) Light:ghamaro
 * Sky:terike
 * 1) cloud:pakaro
 * Fog:ghotagha
 * 1) Smoke:emitiki
 * 2) Wind:ghotoa
 * 3) rain:remie
 * 4) snow:temikeghe
 * day:erimi
 * 1) night:mataro
 * 2) daytime:tomagha
 * 3) Mountain:pakata
 * 4) hill:epikiteme
 * 5) cliff:keiri
 * 6) valley:komora
 * 7) canyon:mieri
 * 8) river:erime
 * sea:ghatarao
 * 1) stone;rock:kikitiri
 * 2) water:aghaka
 * 3) fire:oghoko
 * 4) soil;mud:mataroa
 * 5) land:teriki
 * 6) island:atomora
 * 7) person;human:rakataka
 * 8) head:toamo
 * 9) forehead:epei
 * 10) hair:arao
 * 11) face:mekemi
 * eye:akamoro
 * 1) eyebrow:memie
 * 2) eyelid:petei
 * ear:oghoro
 * 1) nose:amataro
 * 2) mouth:kemepi
 * lip:iripie
 * 1) tongue:pemipiteke
 * 2) tooth:rekiki
 * 3) cheek:kataro
 * 4) chin:emetime
 * 5) neck:poropo
 * 6) body:temitemi
 * 7) shoulder:kemiiti
 * Arm:emirime
 * 1) Elbow:korokoro
 * 2) wrist:omoma
 * 3) hand:ghatoa
 * 4) finger:tikimie
 * 5) fingernail:maghaka
 * 6) breast:peghemi
 * 7) waist:aora
 * 8) back:paroaka
 * leg:kerime
 * 1) knee:tikemei
 * 2) foot:komotoa
 * toe:komotoatokomoa
 * 1) Ankle:ghaota
 * 2) heel:kekemei
 * 3) skin;treebark;peel:perieteke
 * 4) muscule;meat:rokatoma
 * 5) bone:kagha
 * man:amaraka
 * 1) woman:omoroko
 * 2) child:ikeremi
 * 3) Plant:eghepie
 * 4) Forest:moratagha
 * 5) Tree:toromako
 * 6) Grass:paratara
 * 7) Fern:ieiere
 * 8) Stem;trunk;pillar:kakamao
 * 9) root:kamaroto
 * 10) branch:kikitimi
 * 11) leaf:epemei
 * 12) flower:ghamaroto
 * 13) Fruit:komaratama
 * 14) Homeland of the sgens:rakatakataroko
 * 15) East:takoromoa
 * 16) West:opoata
 * 17) North:ipeekere
 * 18) South:etii
 * 19) Center:opamaotaa
 * 20) Town; City:ekipeeme
 * 21) House:oamaara
 * 22) Farm:ikeri

Verbs

 * 1) To be:kiemeperi
 * 2) To be(place)/come/go:ghoroparo
 * 3) To move:maghaoparo
 * 4) To act:akaaparo
 * 5) To walk:rooparo
 * 6) To climb:pemekiperi
 * 7) To crawl:amapaparo
 * 8) To jump; to hop:piiemeperi
 * 9) To lie:tamaraparo
 * 10) To fight:kapataparo
 * 11) To attack:itekeeperi
 * 12) To defend; to protect:amaporoparo
 * 13) To hit; to punch:teteiperi
 * 14) To throw:toghomaparo
 * 15) To get/to receive:tokoraparo
 * 16) To give:ghepieperi
 * 17) To keep:emeriperi
 * 18) To become:amaghaparo
 * 19) To change; to transform:atapamaghaparo(make become)
 * 20) To do:komaoparo
 * 21) To make:marakoaparo
 * 22) To eat; to drink:eremeperi
 * 23) To put:eghetiperi
 * 24) To seem; to feel:mokaraparo
 * 25) To take:ragaghaparo
 * 26) To have:taomaparo
 * 27) To say:torapaparo
 * 28) To speak:repemiperi
 * 29) To think:timepimeperi
 * 30) To learn:ghepeiperi
 * 31) To teach:amaoparo
 * 32) To see:tiemeperi
 * 33) To hear:gharaparo
 * 34) To smell:eghemaperi
 * 35) To send:kepeireperi
 * 36) To need:mekeriperi
 * 37) To die:temikeperi
 * 38) To kill:tetepemikeperi(make die)
 * 39) To live:okomaparo
 * 40) To sleep:toramoparo
 * 41) To open:apamoraparo
 * 42) To close:ghepemireperi
 * 43) To plus; to add; to increase:paoparo
 * 44) To minus; to delete; to decrease:pieperi
 * 45) To fear; to be afraid of:apamaoparo


 * Verb causative:-tapa/tepe-(add between the 1st syllable and the 2nd syllable)

Adjectives/Adverbs

 * 1) Good:amatota
 * bad:eiremete
 * 1) great:amorakorota
 * 2) large:tamotarota
 * 3) small:oamota
 * 4) long:omoaota
 * 5) short:tikiite
 * 6) high:akoghomata
 * low:ghokomarota
 * new:temierite
 * old:oraparata
 * 1) young:amopaghata
 * 2) elder:eriperete
 * 3) heavy:komatakota
 * 4) unheavy:taropakota
 * 5) thick:aghomamata
 * 6) unthick:ighemiemete
 * 7) wide:ghamaorokota
 * 8) narrow:meitirete
 * 9) deep:tiemeriete
 * 10) Shallow:emeterikete
 * 11) straight:rikemete
 * 12) bent:ghoamataramata
 * 13) smooth:omogharata
 * 14) rough:iekikite
 * 15) sticky:tietiemete
 * 16) soft:aghaomata
 * 17) hard:ekitipete
 * 18) sharp:ririkite
 * 19) round:oghomota
 * 20) warm:ghamarata
 * ill:terekirimete
 * 1) normal:iekerete
 * 2) special:teperite
 * 3) strange:otakaopata
 * 4) regular:riekirite
 * 5) common:kokomata
 * 6) same:tomatomata
 * 7) opposite:opaata
 * 8) equal:akoata
 * 9) complex:kamaghata
 * 10) simple:erimiete
 * 11) true:iemete
 * 12) false:oagharoata
 * 13) complete:kororota
 * 14) white:aghamaghata
 * 15) grey:emitiriite
 * 16) black:gherite
 * red:raomata
 * 1) yellow:oamata
 * 2) blue:aoata
 * 3) green:romota
 * 4) some:kete
 * 5) many:rota
 * few:paota
 * all:raota
 * 1) none; zero:meipete
 * 2) other:taarata

Example phrases

 * Example 1:
 * A: "piteme maghora ghoroparokagha?"
 * Translation: A: "Where do you come from?"
 * B: "akoma rakatakatarokora ghoroparo."
 * Translation: B: "I come from rakatakataroko."
 * "rakatakataroko" means the homeland of the sgens.
 * Example 2:
 * "ikieme arapamo tiemeperipemi!"
 * Translation: "Don't see that!"
 * Example 3:
 * "mieti ikeremipimi tetepemikepikemeri oamaararo akoma ghororoka."
 * Translation:"I'm going to the house where two children were killed."