Fenhwi

Alphabet
Fenhwi uses the korean hangul in combination with chinese logographs. The logographs will be covered in the vocabulary, the hangul here.

there are three places a consonant can occur. One is initially, this is on the beginning of a syllable. There also is medial, this is when a consonant is at the end of a syllable, but is not in the last syllable of a word. The last place is on the end of a syllable, being the last syllable of a word. the next table show the general pronounciation of every grapheme based on it's location. the cells that contain an x do not occur in the language. There are two kinds of syllables in fenhwi, ones with a final consonant, called closed syllables, and ones without a final consonant, called open syllables. The pronounciation of vowels depend on wether the syllable is open or closed. the following table shows their pronounciation in both kinds of syllables.

Ordering the hangul is a done slightly "odd", to organize a syllable, you first need to group them by "general initials consonant", after that the're grouped by the vowels, after which they are grouped by the "detailed initial consonant". Finally they are grouped by final consonant.

Nouns 【名词마찌】
1 the ( 르) leu and (리) li, also occur after consonants, this is speaker preffered, and not regular.

Cases
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

Nominative
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The nominative clitic is used for the subject of the sentence.
 * style="text-align:center;"|기
 * style="text-align:center;"|이
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

accusative
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The accusative clitic is used for the direct object of a sentence
 * style="text-align:center;"|호
 * style="text-align:center;"|오
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

genitive
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The genitive clitic is used to show ownership, in the case of someone/something owning something.
 * style="text-align:center;"|르/리
 * style="text-align:center;"|우
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

dative
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The dative is used for the indirect object of a sentence, to whom something is given. It also can be used for a location where something is heading.
 * style="text-align:center;"|해
 * style="text-align:center;"|애
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

locative
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The locative is used for places where something is, or  where something came from.
 * style="text-align:center;"|사
 * style="text-align:center;"|이사
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

instrumental
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The instrumental is aplied broadly, it's mostly used for something that helps the verb to do what it's doing, but it also is used for a reason or cause. In some cases it is used for a location.
 * style="text-align:center;"|대
 * style="text-align:center;"|대
 * }
 * }

Informationals
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

topic
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant the topic is used as the topic of a sentence, what is being talked about. This can replace both the subject and direct object of a sentence. But can also be the general topic of a sentence. The topic is more likely to be used instead of the nominative or accusative.
 * style="text-align:center;"|는
 * style="text-align:center;"|은
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

additive
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The additive is a topic in combination with "also".
 * style="text-align:center;"|넌
 * style="text-align:center;"|언
 * }
 * }

{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

and
! scope="col"|after vowel ! scope="col"|after consonant The "and" is used to link two equal nouns(/phrases) with an equal function.
 * style="text-align:center;"|나
 * style="text-align:center;"|이나
 * }
 * }

Adjectives【形容词걩요찌】
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 500px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

normal
! scope="col"|Positive ! scope="col"|Negative Normal adjcetives are used to describe something about the noun it is in front of. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 500px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|니
 * style="text-align:center;"|나이
 * }
 * }

comperative
! scope="col"|Positive ! scope="col"|Negative Comperative adjectives are used as normal adjectives, they imply something is more .... than the other thing(s). {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 500px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|싀
 * style="text-align:center;"|솨이
 * }
 * }

superlative
! scope="col"|Positive ! scope="col"|Negative The superlative are also used to describe nouns, they are used in the case something is the most .... . {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 500px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|싱
 * style="text-align:center;"|스싱
 * }
 * }

inclusive
! scope="col"|Positive ! scope="col"|Negative Inclusive adjectives also describe nouns, they imply that there are other possiblilities (most often translated with 'also ,,,'). in the negative form, they imply that everything else still is possible, but not what was used to describe them.
 * style="text-align:center;"|민
 * style="text-align:center;"|마이
 * }
 * }

general verb particles
verb particles come after the conjugation. interrogative 2 : used for things alike to tag questions.

interrogative 3 : used to express amazement.

the volitional form takes the place of the standard verb-ending, the verb than is conjugated using the copula

particle examples
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

interrogative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The first interrogative is used to indicate that the sentence is a question. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|are you going? (vs you are going.)
 * style="text-align:center;"|行있스吗？
 * }
 * }

interrogative 2
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The second interrogative is used to ask the listener for some kind of confirmation, it acts like a tag question in english. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|you like cats, don't you?
 * style="text-align:center;"|猫내고기好숰코니다네
 * }
 * }

interrogative 3
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The third interrogative is used to show you're amazed or shocked. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

clairification
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The clairification is used to indicate the speaker assumes the listener does not have this information, or to emphasize the information is new. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|it's morning(, you know).
 * style="text-align:center;"| 朝아섬이다료！
 * }
 * }

perfective
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The perfective is used for an action that's already done. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

iterative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The iterative is used if an action occurs(/occured) often. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|i kept reading this book
 * style="text-align:center;"|这가书축오読됵스다스다
 * }
 * }

terminative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The terminative is used for an action that stopped. {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

secondairy negative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi The secondairy negative is used to either make the sentence negative (if not done with the verb ending) or to empower the negativeness of a verb, double negatives are more negative ( so, unlike english they don't undo eachother) {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

volitional
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

Processive verbs
list of pre-conjugated processive verbs

statementive verbs
list of pre-conjugated statementive verbs

Descriptive verbs
the ni (니) and nai (나이) are unaffected by the doubling for the iterative in the plain and polite forms. They also can be altered to fit other forms of the adjective (note that the negative form of the discriptive verbs are have the same suffixes as the positive forms, this is becuase the negativeness comes from the adjective-form itself.)

Copulative and existential verbs
the copula itself after vowels.

the copula after both consonants and vowels the copula after consonants

existential verb for inanimate (objects)

existential verb for animate (humans and animals)

examples
{| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|

indicative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

subjunctive
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

imperative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

optative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

potential
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

causative
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

conditional
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

passive
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 600px;" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

stacking
! scope="col"|english ! scope="col"|fenhwi bla
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * style="text-align:center;"|
 * }
 * }

Personal pronouns【人词인찌】
for both the 2nd and 3rd person it's usual that you refer with a name + honorific combination instead of a pronoun.

Correlatives
prefixes suffixes 1 "this human" is used to redely refer to a 3rd person, as well as a weird way to refer to oneself.