Calaren

Nouns
Calaren has two grammatical genders. There are two declensions, first and second, and consist, in order, of nouns ending in consonants and nouns ending in vowels. The first declension belongs to feminine nouns, with the remaining declension consisting of masculine nouns. Nouns in Calaren decline for case and number. There are seven declined cases, though the final three are holdovers from historical forms and are rarely used in modern practice. The cases are nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, partitive, collective and vocative. Nouns decline for two numbers, singular and plural. Nouns cases are often signified by additional letters added to the stem of the noun but can also be marked by changing of the final consonant sound into the appropriate mutation given in the following table

First Declension
First declension nouns are all feminine and have stems ending in a consonant. * -- represents no change.

** ~ represents final consonant mutation.

Second Declension
Second Declension nouns are all masculine and have stems ending in a vowel. * (x) represents the removal of the final stem vowel.

** whenever a central or rear vowel is both preceeded and followed by an r, the first r becomes either a d or l.

Verbs
Verbs in Calaren conjugate for two tenses: past, and present, two voices: active and passive, and two moods: indicative and imperative. They agree in person and number with the subject of the verb which must take the nominative case. Calaren has three different verb conjugations, names first, second, and third, and all the verbs in the language are divided among them. The vast majority of Calaren verbs belong to the first conjugation and a number of verbs can be conjugated according to the rules of either the first or second conjugation depending on intended meaning. All conjugation distinctions are made by removing, adding to, or altering the final letter of the stem. The infinitive form in all conjugations ends in -(v)ĉi. The stem of a verb can be determined by removing the ĉi and the (v) if it is an e, otherwise the final vowel remains..

First Conjugation
Active Voice, liseĉi (lis)- to see

Second Conjugation
Active voice, høraĉi (høra)- to hate

Third Conjugation
Active voice, fabereĉi (faber)- to construct ** (vx) represents the removal of the final vowel from the stem, thus the change from faber to fabr as the functioning stem

Example text
"Pitun ŝivenis "David Peterson vali, vali cara drosi" a den faberataven."

"Eu dan paset?"