Nostralang

Nostralank

Classification and Dialects (Kiasivikasiona et tialekti)
The language has its roots in many European languages.

Lanka a rasines san tin piusioures lank ouropean.

Phonotactics (Vonotaktika)
the syllable structure is CCVVCCC or CCCVCCC.

Struktura silap e CCVVCCC ot CCCVCCC.

The word stress is on the penultimate syllable for words ending in a vowel and on the final syllable for words ending in a consonant or in a diphthong.

Aksento mot e sur silapo penultim por mots terminant par uns voieu et sur silapo finau por mots terminant par uns kunson ot par uns tivtonk.

Nouns (Numi)
Nouns are declined in number (singular, plural), definiteness (definite, indefinite), gender (masculine, feminine, mixed) and case (nominative, accusative and dative-possessive).

Numi teklinat in numprs (sinkular, piural), tevinitats (tevinit, entevinit), senrs (maskulin, veminin, miks) et kas (numinativ, akusativ et tativ-posesiv).

Masculine: livr (book, books), un livr (a book, one book), livro (the book), to livr (some books), livri (the books), ti livri (some of the books), uno livr (the one book)

Feminine: tapl (table, tables), un tapl (a table, one table), tapla (the table), ta tapl (some tables), taple (the tables), te taple (some of the tables), una tapl (the one table)

Mixed: infantu (the children), pankeru (the bankers), eru (the beings)

The accusative case is shown by -s ending. Uns livr, taples, infantus etc.

The dative-possessive case looks similar to the nominative case: un livr piplioteka (a book from the library), tin oukos tempeuta (in the eye of the storm), e vat or (it's made of gold), sen apit nekr (people with black clothes), mask kes (gas mask), potej vin (bottle of wine) etc.

There are a few irregular plurals

- amoro > amore, teliso > telise, orko > orke, arto > arte

- omo > omu / omi

- persona > persone / seni, sene

Change before consonant:

- patr atorapl > pater tur, matr > mater, astr > aster, meutr > meuter

- eksempl ortinar > eksempul kiar, tapl > tapul, kaupl > kaupul, vapl > vapul

Change before vowel

- sou tur > sol arapl

- vii sentiu > vilj atorapl

- solei hot > solelj ators

Irregular plurals

- kumpanj > kumpanis, linj > linis, hampanj > hampanis, kampanj > kampanis

- patr > paters, astr > asters

- eksempl > eksempels

Adjectives (Atsektivi)
definite adjectives show number, case and gender.

Generally placed after the noun they describe.

Can be used as nouns, feminine, mixed or masculine.

Some can be used as adverbs.

Changes before vowel:

- peu vii > pel ami

- sou proplem > sol enemi

Changes before consonants:

- simpl om > simpel vem, ampl > ampel, vepl > vepel

- katr om > kater vem, treutr ar > treuter mot

Adverbs and prepositions (Atverpi et preposisione)
Totsorn = always

Samas = never, not ever

Parves, keukves = sometimes

Sovent = often

Oi = today

Jar = yesterday

Teman = tomorrow

Tart = late

Tuot = early

Piustuot = rather, quite, pretty

Lentment = slowly

Vit = quickly, fast

intru = between

kuntru = against

Can be used as masculine nouns.

Some can be used as adjectives.

Pronouns (Pronumi)
All decline in number, gender and case. (nominative, accusative, dative and possessive)

Personal pronouns (Pronumi personeu)
Jo, ja, ju = I (nominative)

Mos, mas, mus = me (accusative)

Moi, mai, mui = to me, from me (dative)

Mon, man, mun = my (possessive I)

Mian = mine (possessive II)

To, ta, tu = you (nominative)

Tos, tas, tus = you (accusative)

Toi, tai, tui = to you, from you (dative)

Ton, tan, tun = your (possessive I)

Tian = yours (possessive II)

So, sa, su = he, she, it (nominative)

Sos, sas, sus = him, her, it (accusative)

Soi, sai, sui = to him, to her, to it; from him, from her, from it (dative)

Son, san, sun = his, her, its (possessive I)

Sian = his, hers, its (possessive II)

Ni, ne, nu = we

Nos, nes, nus = us

Noi, nei, nui = to us, from us

Nostr, nastr, nustr = our

Nuostr = ours

Vi, ve, vu = you pl.

Vos, ves, vus = you

Voi, vei, vui = to you, from you

Vostr, vastr, vustr = your

Vuostr = yours

Li, le, lu = they

Los, les, lus = them

Loi, lei, lui = to them, from them

Lor, ler, lur = their

Lour = theirs

In and i (in et i)
Are pronouns that replace possessive and dative noun phrases: In konun prisos = I know its/their price. I kren = I believe in it; I trust it.

For more pronouns, see the dictionary.

Por pius pronums, vets tiksionaros.

Verbs (Verpi)
Verbs are conjugated in number, person, tense and voice.

Verpi kunsukat in numprs, persons, temps et vos.

Infinitives end in -ar, -er, -ir, -or, -ur. They are masculine in gender. Conjugations are all regular. Past participles are formed with -t endings. Present participles on the other hand are formed with -nt endings.

Envinitivi se terminau in -ar, -er, -ir, -or, -ur. Eu maskulin in senrs. Tot kunsukasione eu rekular. Partisipi pasat eu vormat kun vinaue -t. Partisipi present eu vormat, par aklour, kun vinaue -nt.

Syntax (Sintaksa)
Word order is free.

Orto mot e vrank.

Lexicon (Leksiko)
Seson = Season

Vern(temp) = winter

Prim(temp) = spring

Ast(temp) = summer

Tomn(temp) = fall, autumn

Mes = month

Mesprim

Messekunt

Mesters

Meskart

Meskint

Messiks

Messept

Mesokt

Mesnov

Mestiks

Mesuns

Mesdus

Sorn semana = day of the week

Lunt

Mart

Merkt

Sout

Vent

Samt

Dimt

Numpri = numbers

Nul = 0

Un = 1

Tou = 2

Tre = 3

Katr = 4

Sink = 5

Siks = 6

Sept = 7

Okt = 8

Nov = 9

Tiks = 10

Uns = 11

Tus = 12

Tres = 13

Kators = 14

Kins = 15

Ses = 16

Septtiks = 17

Okttiks = 18

Novtiks = 19

Vint = 20

Trint = 30

Karant = 40

etc.

Sent = 100

Miu = 1 000

An dou mil vint tre apres Sesu Krist = year 2023 after Jesus Christ

Miuon = 1 000 000

Miuart = 1 000 000 000

Foreword (At lektouros)
In this dictionary nouns are given in their definite forms so as to show gender.

A
Ano = n. year

Anata = n. year

Aparur = v. to appear

Apusar = v. to abuse

Apuso = n. abuse

Aro = n. air; look, feel

Arpurto = n. airport

Asta = n. summer

At = prep. at, to, in

Ata = n. help, aid, assistance

Atar = v. to help

Ators = then, at the time: so, thus

Atanta= n. (female) helper

Atanto= n. (male) helper

Atantu= n. (mixed) helpers

E
Enteresar = v. to interest

Entereuto = n. interest

Esko = n. Echo

Eskoar = v. To echo

Eskoua = n. school

Estuta = n. study, research

Estutiar = v. to study

I
Istera = n. story; history

Isteria = n. hysteria

O
Om = pron. people, one, you, we, they.

Omo = n. man

Omu = n. man, men, humans

Oro = n. gold

Oura = n. hour

U
Umpra = n. shadow

Ur = prep. out

Usar = v. to use, to wear up

Uso = n. use, usage

M
Mant = adj. many, plenty

Mantenint = adv. now, right now

Matinata = n. morning

Matino = n. morning - pun matin = good morning

Mau = adj. adv. bad, evil, foul; ill, badly, mis- (for instance, mispronounce) - pas mau = a lot;

Mau = adj. male, man's, men's

Mauo = n. evil, ache, hurt - quite good - mau teut = headache

Mensonso = n. lie

Mentir = v. to lie, to tell lies

Merta = n. shit

Meson = n. house, home

Mir = v. to put; to set

Montanja = n. mountain

Monto = n. mount, mountain

Morir = v. to die

Morta = n. death

Morteu = adj. deadly; mortal

Munto = n. world; people

P
Palena = n. whale

Panso = mn. banjo

Panlouka = n. suburb

Panera = n. banner - sup panera kelko un- under someone's banner

Panka = n. bank - Pank Ankiater = the Bank of England - romper pank = break the bank - pank tat = data bank - Pank Munt = World Bank

(Kunt pank = bank account - palans pank = bank balance - hark pank = bank charge - pilet pank = bank note)

Panko = n. bank; bench

Pankar = v. to pay; to bank (see panka); n. banking

Pankor = v to bank (see panko)

Pankaruta = n. bankruptcy

Pankarutar = v. to bankrupt

Pankarutat = adj. bankrupt

Panketa = n. bench, seat - soukar tevant pankete

Panketo = n. banquet

Panketar = v. to banquet

Pankera = n. (female) banker

Pankero = n. (male) banker

Pankeru = n. (mixed) bankers

Pankisa = n. icesheet

Paopapo = n. baobab

Pateumo = mn. baptism - pateum vouk= baptism of fire

Patisar = v. to baptize

Patismal = adj. baptismal

Patisto, pastista, patistu = n. Baptist - (Sant) San Patisto - (Saint) John the Baptist

Patistero = n. baptistery

Paketo = n. bucket

Para = n. bar

Paro = n. bar

Partir = v. to leave, to go

Pas = adv. at all

Pas = adj. low

Pasar = v. to pass; to spend

Paser = v. to base

Paso = n. step, footstep

Peiso = n. country, land

Peuta = n. beast, animal

Pieno = n. plan; map

Piasa = n. place

Piesa = n. piece

Pin = adv. adj. well, good, fine, nice, OK, alright;

Pino = n.good - pino et mauo = good and evil

Pinvenir = v. to be welcome

Pinvenit = adj. welcome

Pioua = n. rain, rainfall

Prima = n. spring (season)

Prir = v. to take

V
Veasar = v. to travel

Vea = 1. way, route, path; way, manner, means 2. faith; trust

Veaso = n. trip, travel

Vemeu = adj. female, woman's, women's

Vetura = n. car, automobile

Verna = n. winter

Veveto = n. baby

Via = n. life

Vija = n. girl; daughter

Vin = n. end

Vinau = adj. final

Vinir = v. to end, to finish

Visik = adj. physical

Visika = n. physics

Vivir = v. to live, to be alive

Viso = n. vice

Viua = n. city

Viumo = n. film, movie

Viuo = n. thread

Viuso = n. son

Volur = must, need, have to; to be needed, required.

Vor = v. to want, will

Vorsa = n. force, strength

Vouar = v. to fly;

Vouer = v. to steal;

Voua = n. theft

Vouo = n. flight

Vrat = adj. true, genuine, actual, real

Vratment = adj. really, very

Vratro = n. brother

Vusata = n. rocket

Vui = adv. yes

Vur = v. to fuck; to put, to throw; to do, to make

N
Naur = v. to be born

Nervo = n. nerve

Nervous = adj. nervous

Nokta = n. night - pun nokt = good night, sleep tight

Noktata = n. night

Nun = adv. no

T
Tansa = n. dance

Tansar = v. to dance

Tar = v. to silence, to quiet, to mute - sus tar = to be quiet, to fall silent, to shut up

Ter = v. must, have to, got to; to owe

Tetao = n. detail; retail

Tesirar = v. to desire

Tesiro = n. desire

Tin = prep. in, into

Tisparur = v. to disappear

Tomna = n. autumn, fall

Tonar = v. to give, to donate

Tumpa = n. grave

Tumpar = v. to fall - tumpar amorous = to fall in love

S
Sempiar = v. to seem, to feel, to look.

Sentir = v. to feel

Serar = v. to squeeze; to shake (hands)

Serata = n. evening; party, show

Sero = n. evening

Sermano = n. handshake

Someo = n. sleep

Sornata = n. day - (pas uns) pun sornat = have a nice say

Sorno = n. day - pun sorn = good day, hello, hi

Souko = n. game

Suar = v. to play

Suer = v. to sweat

Sula = pron. that

Sula = pron. the one

Sulo = pron. the one

L
Lumera = n. light

R
Reau = adj. royal, king's

Reeu = adj. real, actual

Resistar = v. to resist - resistar at tentasionas = to resist the temptation

Rentutsvuso = n. rendez-vous, date

Reuvar = v. to dream; to imagine; to design

Reuvo = n. dream

Revrano = n. chorus, refrain

Rota = n. route, road; trip, travel

H
Hansar = v. to change

Hansmento = n. change

Har = adj. expensive; dear

Haso = n. home

Hesir = v. choose

Heso = n. choice

Himia = n. chemistry

Himik = adj. chemical

J
Jar = yesterday

K
Kaso = n. case - in tot kas = in any case

Kerir = v. to heal

Keso = n. gas

Kiasa = n. class

Kiesa = n. ice; ice cream

Krupo = n. group

Kuntakto = n. contact, touch

Kuntinento = n. continent

Kuntrouo = n. control

Kunviar = v. to trust

Example text (Teksto eksampl)
Artikl prim Teklarasiona universeu Treti uman.

Tot eru uman nauu lipr et ekau in tiknitats et trets. Eu tuat reson et kunsiens et teu asir unu invers otru tin uns esprit vraternitat.