Umbrean/Lessons/12 Questions

Think it is going well? The road is still long ahead, here we will go through how to ask question, how to answer and such.

Formulating
Let us start with English first.


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! colspan=2 | English ! Statement ! Question In English a question, excluding when "do" is used, is formed by switching the main verb and the subject, like many other Germanic languages.
 * He is sitting
 * Is he sitting
 * }
 * }

Umbrean uses a three-part system to formulate questions overlapping each other. if you have a transitive verb, punch/Nov, one switch position of the subject and object so the word order becomes OSV instead of SOV. Intransitive verbs, sit/Enath, are a different story, they are solely marked by intonation, the transitive verb one also uses intonation in combination of the structural change. to mark it further it is a question one uses the particle ëëch before the subject. Two other particles can be used instead of it for yes/no questions to mark whether or not you are expecting a confirmation answer or not.
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! colspan=2 | Umbrean ! Statement ! Question
 * Enathaömavy
 * Ëëch enathaömavy
 * }
 * }

Answering
Is he walking?, Did he eat the cookies?, all questions not involving the interogative pro-forms can be answered either saying Yes or no, He did or He is (these are when you leave out the object of an auxilary verb)


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! colspan=4 | Questions and answers ! colspan=2 | ! Yes No ! Auxilary ! rowspan=2 | English ! Question ! Answer ! rowspan=2 | Umbrean ! Question ! Answer
 * Did he bring the teeth?
 * Is he sitting?
 * Yes
 * He is
 * Ëëch döndikwuu gogniösa
 * Ëëch enathaömavy
 * Lii
 * Nüël(aöm)(avy)
 * }

The questions are the same in both Umbrean and English. The answer for yes/no is the same, yes (Lii). The other answer is less obvious for English but workable, Nüël is a general pro-verb used to replace previously mentioned verbs to decrease repitition. The conjugation of Nüël can often be left out as it is often indicated by context

Interrogative Questions
or better known as wh-questions, as they use what, where, when, why etc. Interrogative

Formulating
Let us start with English first, again.


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! colspan=3 | English ! Type ! Statement ! Question ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason
 * He sat here!
 * Where did he sit?
 * He sat then!
 * When did he sit?
 * He sat like X!
 * How did he sit here?
 * He sat because X!
 * Why did he sit?
 * }

In English, the adverb, which may be a clause and initiated by adverbial clause opener, comes after the verb in these cases. To make it into a question one just like before uses the do construction but move the adverb to the front and changes into interrogative form.

Let's see Umbrean, again all is exactly the same
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! colspan=3 | Umbrean ! Type ! Statement ! Question ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason These questions are formed by replacing the noun in question with its interogative form, to add emphesis one can add the "ëëch" particle again but its not neccisery.
 * Linüñ gnaiölü enathösavy
 * (ëëch) Vialüñ gnaiölü enathösavy
 * Lymagn djihsfai enasösavy
 * (ëëch) Siagn djihsfai enasösavy
 * enasösavy
 * (ëëch) enasösavy
 * enasösavy
 * (ëëch) enasösavy
 * }

Answering

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! colspan=5 | Umbrean ! rowspan=2 | Type ! colspan=2 | English ! colspan=2 | Umbrean ! Question ! Answer ! Question ! Answer ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason These questions are formed by replacing the noun in question with its interogative form, to add emphesis one can add the "ëëch" particle again but its not neccisery.
 * Where did he sit?
 * Here
 * enathösavy
 * Lino
 * When did he sit?
 * Now
 * enathösavy
 * Lyma
 * How did he sit?
 * Thus
 * enathösavy
 * Vara
 * Why did he sit?
 * Because X
 * enathösavy
 * }
 * }


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! colspan=3 | English ! Type ! Statement ! Question ! Location ! Temporal ! Manner ! Reason
 * He sat here!
 * Where did he sit?
 * He sat then!
 * When did he sit?
 * He sat like X!
 * How did he sit here?
 * He sat because X!
 * Why did he sit?
 * }


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