Katayü

Alphabet


Particles, Markers, Undetermined
¹ 的 is used for only non-human things, and 嘅 is used exclusively for humans. Likewise, 自 is used for non-humans, and 身 is used exclusively for humans. Yet again, 모`is ued for humans and 們 is used for humans.

² 나 is used when a list is has a finite amount of items in its set and is usually used with a list of 10 items or less. 나...토 is used when the list may be finite or infinite. 토 is placed after the final item mentioned and implies that the list continues.

³ 아, 니, and 에 all serve as question markers. 아 and 메 are used with a slightly negative connoation. 아 is informal, and sometimes implies a mocking tone. While 메 also does this, it may only be used in conjunction with 係. 니 serves as a general question marker.

⁴ These only apply to verbs.

⁵ Applying only to verbs, they aid in conjugation to tense.

⁶ Applying only to verbs, they aid in conjugation to aspect.

Copula
Katayü copula ha 係 is used to equate one thing with another. So, the structure is "A = B", or "A is B".

Examples: