Kax-atrian

'☀Obs*: Before begin to read, I have to talk I'm Brazilian and my English is median, I'm trying to do my best, but should have some errors by document and I'm sorry for it. The language is complete, but i need to translate it (Portuguese to English), so, it will took a median time to be complete on wiki...'

Probably you never try to see something on Portuguese, but it's hard to translate Portuguese to English and maintain the same signified (especially with language aspect, a lot of words and concepts strange to us, Brazilian, as a example i can name is the concept of word stress, that for us is other stuff so different).

Thanks for read it and I wait really much that my effort be recompensed and you  can understand the content.

Classification and Dialects
Kax-atrian is the Wallia's language. It's a complex language and it's a planned fusion of four other languages: the Vöistcritören, the Flötcirtören, the Norbãaf Húnna and the Atrian.

The syntax and etymological have bases in Latin, in Portuguese and in French. The phonology may vary into dialects.

Dialects
The north of country have an accent similar to Spanish. The accent are heavier and slower, it fact comes from the original region's language, the Norbãaf Húnna.

Two changes:
 * When /s/ occurs before a vowel in a final syllable, it is pronounced [z].
 * When /f/ is word-final, it is pronounced [v].

The center and west - most advanced than other regions - have an accent similar to French. The accent are fluid and so speed, the language changed itself to be more dynamic. It's so common the use of Mawtant, in counterpart, the plural is falling into oblivion.

Two changes:
 * When /s/ is word-final, it remains unchanged.
 * When /f/ is word-final, it remains unchanged.

Consonants

 * Allophony into [r] and [ɾ]
 * Allophony into [h], [x], [χ], [ʁ]

Vowels
Obs*: [ə] and [ɐ] are allophone phonemes. The [ə] is commonly used on north dialect and the [ɐ] is commonly used on center and east dialects.

Diphthongs
About this section: I'm sorry for letter's type mix
 * Vowels can form closing and opening diphthongs with /j/ and /w/
 * /j/ and /w/ are the semi-vowels

Writing System
Kax-Atrian uses the Latin system and the auxiliary letters.

Latin to North:
*1: [s] only before e and i.

*2: Allophony: [h],[χ],[ʁ] before vowel, word's beginning and word's ending and after consonants. [ʀ] after b,c,k,f,g,j,p,t,v,dw,ph.

*3: When is internal to word may be read as [ʒ] or [g]. When is the last letter it exercises the phoneme [ʒ].

*4:Allophony: [ɾ], [r] before consonants and after b,c,k,f,g,j,p,t,v,dw,ph. Allophony: [ʁ], [h] word's beginning and before vowels, [χ] before "iyé".

*4: The letters dw, dj, tx, ts, ph have a digraphs design, it's only a occurrence of language evolution.

Auxiliary letters
The auxiliary letters are letters out of Latin system. They're used to identify the word stress (using rules). These letters will be found on last syllable. if one syllable was increased or decreased they must be eliminated.

Diacritics:
This language doesn't use the diacritics for stress syllable, but, use for give some properties to vowels:

Stress rules
Cases:

- Words finished in vowels

- Words finished in consonant

- Words with two syllable

- Verbs

Legend:

Underlined: Stressed syllable

Bold: Rule's circumstances

Iát idsiµi
Vowels and sounds with it:

            á – [a]

            é – [ɛ]

            í – [i]

            ó – [ɔ]

            ö – [u] (irregular designed)

            Property:

                        Vowels whose diacritic is the iát idsiµi will appear after or before other vowel and will form a hiatus:

Tonig idsiµi:
            Vowels and sounds with it:

            à – [a]

            è – [ɛ]

            ì – [i]

            ù – [u]

Property:

Vowels whose diacritic is the tonig idsiµi will be in a stressed syllable, obligatorily. It commonly appears in third syllable (right to left).

Feξauen:
            Vowels and sounds with it:

            â – [ə] or [ɐ]

            ê – [e]

            î – [ə] or [ɐ]

            ô – [o]

Properties:

                        When it’s on third syllable (right to left) these will be stressed syllable.

When it’s out of third syllable (right to left) these will only indicate the sound of vowel.

When one vowel with this diacritic comes next to other, it will form a hiatus.

The ê appears in last syllable to exercise phoneme [e].

Details:

            [ə] and [ɐ] are allophone phonemes. The [ə] is commonly used on north dialect and the [ɐ] is commonly used on center and east dialects.

Dratik siµi
            Vowels and sounds it:

            ä - [ɛ] ou [æ].

            Property:

It comes in second syllable (right to left) and to avoid the repetition of e.

Tille siµi:
'            ''Vowels and sounds it:'''

            ã – [ã]

            Property:

It comes only in word ã, whose meaning is and.

Syllable with no vowel
In some circumstances one consonant may exercise the sound of itself and more one vowel, when it occur the consonant will form a own syllable, which will be composed only by consonant.

Circumstances:

The c, before a consonant - except before r and h -, exercise the phonemes [si].

The h, before a consonant - except before g -, exercise the phonemes [ri] ou [ɾi] (allophony).

The f, before a consonant - except before r, l and h -, exercise the phonemes [fi].

           The t, before a consonant - except before s,x,r,h, and l -, exercise the fonems  [ti].

           The m, before n, m or μ, exercise the phonemes [mi]

           The n, before n, m or mm, exercise the phonemes [mi]

Words finished in vowel
You must to see the last consonantal sound (left to right) and apply the rules: - Ma riê
 * The sound is represented by a normal consonant, the last syllable is the stressed:

- Mo hai - So lle
 * The sound is represented by a auxiliary letter, the penultimate syllable is stressed:

- Jö ttàw

-  Bos ӄein

-  Ausi lä rre - Addvo kà liӄen
 * The sound is represented by auxiliary letter and the third (right to left) syllable have one diacritic or one digraph, the antepenult syllable is stressed:

- Ma jìs terris -  Aniyê
 * Finished in iyê, the penultimate syllable is stressed:

-  Amiyê

Words finished in consonants
You must to see the last consonantal sound (left to right) and apply the rules:
 * If these consonantal sound was part of a consonant cluster, whose second letter be l, r or h, the first consonant must to be seen.

- Aps t  hait
 * The sound is represented by a normal consonant, the last syllable is the stressed:

- Te t  hait

-  Pis ph  at -  Par πat - Màs tarttad - Percipe tiy ér
 * The sound is represented by a auxiliary letter, the penultimate syllable is stressed:
 * The sound is represented by auxiliary letter and the third (right to left) syllable have one diacritic or one digraph, the antepenult syllable is stressed:
 * Finished in iyér, the penultimate syllable is stressed:

- Fe riy ér

Words with two syllables
- St iy ê
 * Finished on ê, the stressed syllable is the penultimate:

- Fe riy ê - Tái - Maö
 * Syllable with diacritic is the stressed:
 * Without diacritic, the last is stressed:

Verbs

 * First and second theme: the syllable which have év, ô, ó, ëei or à is stressed:
 * Cömé ssév
 * Promè ó  gg
 * Cömé às ttan
 * Pro mëeiss


 * First and second theme: If it doesn't have év, ô, ëei or à the syllable which have é, è is stressed
 * Cö méss
 * Pro mèg


 * Third theme: the syllable which have í, ay, oy or év is stressed:
 * Permo ín
 * Per mayn Σan
 * Per moyn Σan
 * Permeyss év


 * Third theme: If it doesn't have í, ay, oy or év the syllable which have ey is stressed
 * Permeynn
 * Permieyss
 * Fourth theme: the syllable which have év, ô, ó, ëei or à is stressed:
 * Ai zzév
 * Sarxi ssëei
 * Fourth theme: If it doesn't have év, ô, ëei or à the syllable which have i is stressed
 * Aizz
 * Sarx iss

Nouns
The nouns work as one substantive. It varies in number, gender, degree and cases. The cases are differed one another for substantive’s end, but, the plural of one declined substantive should be done after decline using the common rules to pluralize themselves.

Gender
The language has three genders: the neuter, the masculine and the feminine.

It is neuter all nouns which admit only the article ê. The neuter gender is the most used in communication, because only a little word’s gamma has a definite gender.

It is masculine all nouns which admit the articles ö or lö. In some circumstances these may admit the article ê.

It is feminine all nouns which admit only the articles a or la. In some circumstances these may admit the article ê.

The neuter gender is used principally to indicate objects. There is a subdivision into the substantives, some noun will not vary the gender (Kontejaµi prass-matrien) and some words will vary the gender (Jaµi prass-matrien).

The words may vary the gender if:

·        Name beings with sex designate for by science.

·        Noun which varies from nouns that derive of sexed being (as professions, functions and social functions, etc)

·        Noun which designate functions exercised by animals

Neuter
Ê öwrr – The hour

Ê razí – the house

Ê estatto – the statue

Ê vassífê – the mud

Substantives with three gender’s form
The biggest part of nouns will have three forms. The components of this group will be words which may vary the gender.

The neuter assumes a different meaning in these circumstances (in words which may vary the gender). In these the neuter won’t indicate one no gender word,  but just give a undefined gender to word, as it’s giving a range to think if the substantive is male or female.

Example:

Ê kat vastéôtt

In the phrase above (Translating: The cat died), simply the gender of cat (if it’s male or female) isn’t explicit on phrase.

Masculine
Two form and special words:

First: The masculine should be form just using the article ö or lö before one neuter substantive, no modifying the word composition (most used).

Kat: Gato

Kat – neuter

Ö kat– Masculine

Màjistiyér: Mestre

Màjistiyér – neuter

Ö màjistiyér – Masculine

Second: The masculine can be formed adding the particle “-wo” [wo].

Kat: Gato

Kat – neuter

Kat-wo – Masculine

Màjistiyér: Mestre

Màjistiyér – neuter

Màjistiyér-wo – Masculine

When the –wo is in phrase, the substantive will accept the articles: o, lö and ê.

Special form: The masculine in special forms will be formed by the same word of neuter, the difference will be just perceived by article:

Aummê: Man

Ê aummê: Man (in neuter)

Lö aummê Man (in masculine)

Gajin: Boy

Ê gajin: Boy (In neuter)

Lö gajin: Boy (In masculine)

Feminine
Two form and special words:

First: The masculine should be form just using the article a or la before one neuter substantive, no modifying the word composition (most used).

Kat: Gato

Kat – neuter

A kat– Feminine

Màjistiyér: Mestre

Màjistiyér – neuter

La màjistiyér – Feminine

Second: The feminine can be formed adding the particle “-wa” [wa].

Kat: Gato

Kat – neuter

Kat-wa – Masculine

Màjistiyér: Mestre

Màjistiyér – neuter

Màjistiyér-wa – Feminine

When the –wa is in phrase, the substantive will accept the articles: a, la and ê.

Special form: The feminine in special forms will be formed by a different word (completely different word):

Aummê: Man

Ê aummê: Man (in neuter)

A frau: Women

Gajin: Boy

Ê gajin: Boy (In neuter)

A fraujin: Boy (In masculine)

In feminine, words in special word, except the articles: a, la and ê.

Nouns with one gender form
These substantives have only one form and they have the gender designated by words man [ˈmã] and pheummi [ˈfemi].

It generally occurs with plants:

Lö fléç man.

La arbbo pheummi.

Words and neuter article:

Some nouns have a special and etymological connection with the article neuter, same when they’re indicating gender and, someone inclusive disobeying languages rules.

Examples:

Frau: feminine

Fléç

Aummê: same when indicating masculine gender

Krînce: same when indicating masculine/feminine gender

Gajin: same when indicating masculine gender

Fraujin: feminine

Matri: feminine

Patri: same when indicating masculine gender

Ãmá: feminine

Anpá: same when indicating masculine gender

Irméj: same when indicating masculine gender

Kopatri: same when indicating masculine gender

Irregular substantives genders:

Some words have irregular gender formation also:

Fij: Son (in neuter)

Fiöj: son (in masculine)

Fiaj: daughter

Irméj: Brother (in neuter)

Irmöj: Brother (in masculine)

Irmaj: Sister

Pronouns
Gender definition:

Masculine: All things that science can designate as.

Feminine: All things that science can designate as.

Neuter: Things that science can't designate the sex, things that doesn't have sex or hermaphrodite animals.

The genitive case of personal pronouns works as the possessive pronouns and possessive adjective

Lexicon
Ā: I- To (go to the beach); at (I will see you at 8pm) (preposition).

Ã: I- And (conjunction)

Abéj: I- Bellow (adjective)

Abôv: I- Above (adjective); example: I’m in one layer above you;

Aböwθär: I- Ship, Boat, Vessel (Noun)

Absolle: I- Off the ground (adjective)

Ak: I- Here (adverb)

Akronéj: I- Timeless (adjective)

Aktiînt: I- Verb (Noun)

Add: I- More (intensity adverb)

Adeizz: II- To establish (verb). '''III- '''To institute (verb)

Áègöllér: I- Irregular (adjective)

Áegölèg: I- To make irregular (Verb). II- To make random (Verb)

Áegölahitê: I- Irregularity (Noun)

Af: I- If (Conjunction)

Agöwrr: I- Agora (time adverb)

Awhhös: I- Gold (Noun)

Àr: I- Air (Noun)

Ark-març: I- Arch marquis (Noun)

Ark-döç: I- Archduke (Noun)

Arfê: I- Terra (Noun).''' Figurative: 1. '''What is firm, reliable, constant (adjective)''' 2. '''A trustworthy and friendly person (adjective)

Argein: I- To argue (Verb)

Argôζe: I- argument (Noun)

Arjjön-lînt: I- Argentina (Noun)

Arjjön-lantahhi: I- Argentine nationality (adjective).

Arjjön-lantig: I- Argentine (adjective)

Arteméj: I- Furtive (adjective)

Arteummi: I- Furtivity (Noun).

Ayîn: I- speech (Noun)

Ayét: I- To say (verb). '''II- '''To speak (verb). III- To talk (verb)

Aiz: I- To say (verb). II- To speak (verb)

Allê: I- All (Indefinite pronoun)

Antayîn: I- Contradiction (Noun)

Antaiz: I- To contradict (Verb)

Amehíӄa: I- America (Noun)

Amehíkahhi: I- American continent origin (adjective)

Amehig: I- Relative to America (adjective)

Ammiyê: I- friend (Noun).

Amiyéj: I- friendly (adjective)

Amìyon: I- Bosom Buddy (Noun).

Presizz: I- To examine, to analyze (Verb)

Analiss: I- Analysis (Noun)

Anciên: I- What doesn’t exist more: Ê anciênť kasthí (adjective). II- That was once great but is in decay:''' Ê anciênt Grací (adjective). III- '''Ancient (adective)

Aµiyê: I- Year (Noun)

Anig: I- Yearly (Adjective)

Antik: I- Old (Adjective).

Apênn: I- Only, just (Conjunction). II- Only, just (adverb)

Apstrait: I- Abstract (Noun)

Apstraitéj: I- abstract (adjective)

Apstraitèg: I- To abstract (verb).

Askax: I- Regent (Noun).

Atérre: I- Sterile (Adjective). II- Sterile (Noun).

Ateuµi: I- Knowledge (Noun)

Atenét: I- To know (verb)

Atenärre: I- Knower (noun). II- Knower (adjective) 

Atau: I- Until (adverb).

PhauƂét: I- Alphabet (Noun)

Phaubetéj: I- Alphabetic (Adjective)

Auköjét: I- To nickname (verb). II- When impersonal is equivalent to expression “It’s said a” (verb)

Ausärre: I- Helper, assistant (Noun). II- Helper, assistant (adjective).

Ausét: I- To aid, to help (Verb)

Ausiw: I- Help, assistance, support (Noun)

Awt: I- Word high as in High Priest (adjective)

Awt-bîrgax: I- Bourgeois.

Axét: I- To think, to reason, to plan (verb). II- Spanish verb: pensar (verb). III- To find (verb)

Bej: I- Under (preposition)

Bejí: I- Low (adjective). II- Lowland (Low uses as) (Substantive). III- Short person (adjective).

Beját: I- Lowland (most used) (substantive)

Béwjig: I- Relative to Belgic (adjective)

Béwjjik: I- Belgic (substantive)

Béwjikayµi: I- Belgian (Nacionality)

Bézi: I- Base, operational basis. II- Headquarter (substantive) III- structural support (substantive).

Bét: I- To drink (verb)

Brakét: I- To break, to crack (verb). Figurative: To slaughter / break military forces (verb).

Brasilahhi: I- Brazilian (nationality)

Brasiw: I- Brazil (substantive).

Brasiléj: I- Relative to Brazil (verb).

Bîrgax: I- Bourgeois (Substantive).

Bîrgéj: I- Relative to bourgeois (Adjective). II- Relative to bourgeoisie  (adjective).

Bîrgetì: I- Bourgeoisie (subtantive).

Bauyê: I- Bubble (substantive).

Boiét: I- To bubble (verb). II- To do bubbles (verb).

Bausk: I- Woodland, grove (substantive). IV. Forest no so big and no so dense (substantive).

Boskein: I- To plant one tree – in special if the tree is an medium port tree (verb).

Bov: I- About (preposition). II- on, onto, up (adjective)

Bowθär: I- Ship, Boat, Vessel (Noun)

Boθwein: I- To overfly (verb)

Casét: I- To hunt (verb).

CaΣiyér: I- Hunter (substantive) II- Member of casatéren’s sect which prayed the society’s division in three groups: casiyérren, plabärre ã'' exilôrre; this society would be semi-equalitarian, but the exilôrren'' would be war’s slaves and just serve (substantive).

CarmeuΣin: I- Crimson (substantive)

Carn: I- Carnal desire (Substantive). II- Lust, greed and carnal desire demon in local religion (substantive). “Person dê càrn”: Bad person; a lot of pervert (expression).

Càrp: I- Dead body (substantive). Medicine: '''1. '''Body used to study human anatomy (substantive). '''Figurative: 2. '''Putrefied person (adjective).

Cart: I- Document (substantive).

Casthí: I- Castle (substantive). II- Fort (substantive)

Cauzz: I- Cause, reason (substantive). II- Because (conjunction)

Càtaφormm: I- Sad (adjective). II- Crestfallen (adjective).

Catastatti: I-Sadness (substantive). II- State of crestfallen (substantive).

Cérµik: I- horn, antler (Substantive). '''Astronomia: 1. '''The point of lunar crescent (substantive).

Cratöwrr: I- Creature, being (substantive). II- All that have life – not necessarily of Animalia’s kingdom (substantive) '''Figurative: '''Used as “gamy being” until the creation of Phoenix Council.

Citoên: I- Citizen (substantive).

Círnê: I- Core (substantive). II- Pith (substantive). III- Heartwood (substantive).

Clauӄa: I- Clock (substantive). II- Instrument to mark time (substantive).

Claut: I- Clothing, vest (substantive).

Compartiw: I- Sharing (substantive).

Compartilein: I- To share (verb).

Cöwmét: I- To eat. Vulgar: To fuck (verb). “Cöwmét kîns’eien saummê”: desire – the saummê should be substitute by the desired object (expression).

Ká: I- Ok (Interjection)

Kat: I- Fire (substantive). '''II- '''Burning (substantive).

Katét: I- To fire (verb). II- To ignite (verb)

Karπóy: I- Carp (substantive).

Kax: I- King (substantive). II- Chief of a kaxahist govern (substantive).

Kàxenπlass: I- Kingdom (substantive). II- Country where the govern is kaxahist (substantive).

KrînΣe: I- Kid (substantive). II- Person aged into 0 to 13 years (substantive).

Kîmm: I- How (interrogative pronoun). II- As, how (conjunction)

Kîn: I- With (preposition).

Kanplét: I- To complete (verb).

Kanpostizz: I- To compose (verb).

Kansaund: I- Consonant (substantive).

Ki: I- Calm (Substantive). II- Peace (substantive).

Kij: I- Calm, quiet (adjective). II- Peaceful (adjective).

Kômm: I- As, how (conjunction).

Kôn: I- With (preposition)

Kontösîn: I- Consistency, constitution (substantive)

Khoµo: I- Time (substantive)

Khonéj: I- Temporary (adjective)

Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 1
English: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Kax-atrian: Allê aummê natx libertát ã eqiéj ni dinitá ã ên direΣit. Eien ravétt lojitînk ã consînΣa ã dein akt drefamiyê ön k’ôtta.

IPA transcripition to Center and East: ˈale ˈome ˈnat͡ʃ libɛʁˈtat ˈã ɛkwiˈɛʒ ˈã ˈni diniˈta ˈã ˈẽ diˈhɛsit. ˈejjẽ haˈve lɔjiˈtãk ˈã kõˈsãsa ˈã ˈdẽj ˈakt dʁefamˈijjê ˈũ ˈkota.

IPA transcription to North: ˈale ˈome ˈnat͡ʃ  libɛrˈtat ˈã ɛkiˈɛʒ ˈã ˈni diniˈta ˈã ˈẽy diˈhɛsit. ˈejjẽ haˈve lɔgiˈtãk ˈã kõˈsãza ˈã ˈdẽj ˈakt drefamˈijjê ˈũ ˈkota.