User:Elector Dark/Sb/2

First-stage changes:

*we > *wa (*swefaną > *swafaną) *w > *j / dissimilatory if earlier /*w/ present (*swīkwaną > *swīkjaną) *ww > *g(g)w (*brewwaną > *bregwana; *uwwô > *ugwô) *jj > *gj (*klajjô > *klagjô) *wj > *g(w)j (*awjō > *agwjō) *nhw > *ngw (*þrinhwaną > *þringwaną) *nh > *ng (*ganhtiz > *gangtiz; *hanhaz > *hangaz) *ht > *tt (*hlahtraz > *hlattraz) *Chw > *Cw (*arhwō > *arwō) *hwC > *wC (*jehwlą > *jewlą) *lþ > *ll (*kelþą > *kella) *nþ > *nn (*hrinþaz > *hrinnaz)

Second-stage changes:

*ē2 > *ē (*hē2r > *hēr) *wē > *wǣ (*kwēniz > *kwǣniz) *ē > ǣ > *ē (*jērą > *jǣrą; *kwǣniz > *kwēniz) >> Final vowel shortening << *i > 0 (*mari > *mar) *a *ą > 0 (*sīlą > *sīl) *ō > *a, *u (*arwō > *arwa; *būlō > *būla) *ī *į̄ > *i *į (*frōdį̄ > *frōdį) *ǭ > *ǫ (*paddǭ > *paddǫ) *ô ǫ̂ ê > ō ǭ ē (*skiwô > *skiwō) >> Diphthong shifts << *iu *eu > *iū (*reumu > *riūmu; *steuraz > *stiūraz) *ai > *ei (*stainaz > *steinaz; *saipǭ > *seipǫ) >> z-stem /a/ deletion << *a > 0 /_z# (*baraz > *barz) >> A/Ą-umlaut << *i$ > *e / (+a) with one consonant in between (*skina > *skena; *digan > *degan) *u$ ū$ > *o *ō / (+a/ą) with one consonant in between (*nusa > *nosa; *būla > *bōla)

Third-stage changes: >> I-umlaut << *a ā > e ē / (+i/ī/j) (*algiz > *elgiz; *mawi > *mewi) *i > 0 / followed by /z/, final, unstressed (*kwēniz > *kwēnz) *u ū > *y *ȳ / (+i/ī/j) (*hūbi > *hȳbi; *wulgi > *wylgi) *o ō > *ø *ø̄ / (+i/ī/j) (*frōdį > *frø̄dį) *aj *oj *uj > *e *ø *y *j > 0 / vowelless (*netj > *net) *j > 0 /_[front vowel] (*jestuz > *estuz) >> Stressed changes << *e > *ja / short, !_{wrl} (*erþu > *jarþu) >> U-umlaut and related changes << *a *ā > *ö *ȫ / (+u/ū/w/ggw) (*sagu > *sögu; *jarþu > *jörþu) *e > *ö, *ø / (+u/ū/w/ggw) (*estuz > *østuz) *i *ī > *y *ȳ (*mizdu > *myzdu) *w > 0 /_[back vowel] *ew *ēw > *ø *ø̄ (*ewl > *øll!) *iw *īw > *y *ȳ (*Tīwz > *Tȳz) >> Deletion and insertion << *i *u *a > 0 / last in word, unstressed, between two syllables etc. (*sögu > *sög; *ylgi > *ylg) *j *w > *i *u / last in word, in a difficult position (*hegj > *hegi; *yzwz > *yzuz) *VbC > *VuC, *VfC (*habkz > *haukz; *taubz > *taufz) *iū > *jū (*wiūd > *wjūd) >> Unstressed changes << *ǫ > *a (*līnǫ > *līna) *ǭ > *ą (*kōknǭ > *kōkną) *ō > *a (*kōkō > *kōka) >> General consonant/vowel changes << *Vns > *ṼṼs (*ansz > *ą̄sz) *lz *nz *sz > *ll *nn *ss (*pōlz > *pōll; *kwēnz > *kwēnn; *ą̄sz > *ą̄ss) *VntC > *ṼtC (irregular) (*wintrz > *vętrz) *Vn# > *Ṽ# /not frequent (*swafan > *swafą) *zr *rz *zd > *rr *rr *rd (*myzd > *myrd; *uzristz > *urristz) *z > 0 / sometimes after consonants (*sunnemz > *sunnem) *z > *r / !V_# (*yzuz > *yruz) *z > *ʀ (*haukz > *haukʀ) *s > *ʀ / infrequent (*tönns > *tönnʀ) *nnr *nnʀ > *ðr (*gynnʀ > *gyðr) *b *d *g > *[b d g] /#_V *b *d *g > *v *ð *[γ] /!{nl}_ (*myrd > *myrð) *þ > *ð /!#_ (*trūþʀ > *trūðʀ) *w > *v (*swafą > *svafą) >> More unstressed and irregular changes << *e *ē *y *ȳ > *i/*į (*sunnem > *sunnį!) *o *ō *ą *ö *ū > *u/*ų *a ā > *a/*ą *Ṽ$ > V(n)$ (*tų̄ > *tūn)

Lots of irregular derivations and analogisations everywhere.