Keltsvian

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General information
Keltsvian is a language spoken in Keltsvia, it has Latin, Germanic and Slavic influence.

Alphabet
Keltsvian uses officially the Latin alphabet although it also has its equivalent Cyrillic alphabet equivalence, but that alphabet has no official use.

Keltsvian Cyrillic alphabet
а (a), б (b), в (v), г (g), д (d), е (je), ё (jo), з (z), и (i), й (j), к (k), л (l), м (m), н (n), о (o), п (p), р (r), с (s), т (t), у (u), ф (f), х (x), ҳ (h), ц (c), э (e), ю (ju) and я (ja).

Consonants

 * Phonemes /f/, /h/, /l/, /m/, /p/, /s/, /t/, /v/, /x/ and /z/ always correspond with letters f, h, l, m, p, s, v, x and z respectively. Letter v cannot be written as the last letter of a word or before a fricative consonant, in those cases the letter f is used.
 * The phoneme /β/ is pronounced when b is written between vowels. Letter b cannot be written as the final letter of a word, instead we write p.
 * Phonemes /j/ and /w/ always correspond with letters j and w. They are considered “weak vowels”.
 * The phoneme /ð/ is pronounced when d is written between vowels. Letter d cannot be written as the final letter of a word, instead we write t.
 * The phoneme /ŋ/ is pronounced when letter n is written before a glottal consonant, in the rest of cases is pronounced as /n/.
 * The phoneme /g/ is pronounced when letter k is written before a fricative consonant, in the rest of cases is pronounced as /k/.
 * Phonemes /r/ and /ɾ/ are related with letter r. The first one is only used when a word starts with r and when r is written after an alveolar consonant.
 * The phoneme /ɣ/ is pronounced when g is written between vowels. Letter g cannot be written as the final letter of a word, instead we write k.
 * The letter c is represented with the phoneme /ts/.
 * The same consonant cannot be doubled.
 * The digraph sz is pronounced as a "long s" /s:/, it is mainly used in the conditional mood.
 * Only verbs finish with z, with the exception of borrowed words.
 * The following letters are never used in Keltsvian: q and y.

Vowels

 * The five used vowels (a, e, i, o and u) correspond with their IPA forms, like in Spanish, Japanese or Basque.
 * Letters j and w are considered vowels, as explained before.
 * The same vowel cannot be doubled, letter h is used for separate them, like in kohoperatje (Keltsvian for "cooperation").
 * Some letters cannot be written together, like i with j or u with w. For separate them h is also used.

Phonotactics
Consonant clusters are not very strict in Keltsvian, because it is common to see rare combinations if you compare with other languages, for example: mrwe ['mrwe] (law), tlomrawle [tlo'mrawle] (lawyer) or hrone ['hrone] (honor). But is not possible to double the same consonant. There is also a digraph "sz": as in piszine [pi's:ine] (swimming pool).

The only vowel clusters not allowed are to double the same vowel or to write together a soft vowel and its strong vowel counterpart or viceversa. So are not allowed: aa, ee, ii, oo, uu, ij, uw, ji and wu. There are not allowed also the contact of "pure strong vowels" (a, e and o) and "simple strong vowels" (i and u), when they are in contact, "simple strong vowels" become "weak vowels": ai becomes aj, au becomes aw, uo becomes wo...

When two "simple strong vowels" stay in contact, any of them became a "weak vowels" arbitrarily:
 * iu as in siwodnja (today) or juxne (council).
 * ui as in kruhuje (discrimination) or wiboz (to know).

Diphthongs
There are fifteen possible diphthongs in Keltsvian and all of them correspond with their IPA forms: aj, aw, ej, ew, oj, ow, uj, ja, je, jo, ju, wa, we, wi and wo.

Stressed syllables
Stressed syllables follow a strict pattern. All words have as their stressed syllable, the syllable before to any suffix, it can be a declension, gender or number suffix. But when a word has a diphthong, the stressed syllable corresponds with the "strong vowel" of the diphthong. If a word contains more than one diphthong, the stressed syllable is located in the last diphthong unless is the diphthong is part of a suffix. In verbs, the stressed syllable is always the last one.