Logglo's Lexicon



The main source for this vocabulary is the Oxford Latin Dictionary. (Yet Etymonline and the Latin Wikipedia are necessary sources for the vocabulary of Medieval and Modern Latin.)

Logglo uses the standard Roman alphabet of 26 letters. They are pronounced like the corresponding symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet except the letters c /tʃ/, j /ʒ/, q /kw/, x /ʃ/, y /j/: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z.

Most words have the stress on the vowel (or diphthong) just before the last consonant: ama ‘love’, fini ‘end’, lento ‘slow’. Abrebiations:
 * When there is no last consonant, the stress is simply on the first vowel: di ‘day’ (24 hours), rei ‘thing’.
 * Since many Latin words are proparoxytone, we may indicate the irregular stress with a written accent: árbori ‘tree’, fácilo ‘easy’, etc.
 * Only the last element of compound words keeps the stress: lekti-c á meri ‘bedroom’, fini-y o ‘final’.
 * Unstressed grammatical particles end in u: ilu (definite article), du ‘of’, etc.
 * Ar Arabic, Ca Catalan, Ch Mandarin Chinese, Da Danish, Du Dutch, E English, F French, G German, Gmc Proto-Germanic, Gr Greek, I Italian, L Latin, LaL Late Latin, MeL Mediaeval Latin, Nw Norwegian (Nynorsk), O Old …, Oc Occitan, P Portuguese, Pe Persian, Po Polish, Ro Romanian, Ru Russian, S Spanish, Sa Sanskrit, Sr Serbian, Sw Swedish, Swa Swahili, Tu Turkish, VL Vulgar Latin, We Welsh.
 * Eo Esperanto, ER Esperanto Reformed, FN Lingua Franca Nova, Ga Glosa, IG Interglossa, IL Peano's Interlingua, Ia Gode's Interlingua, Ie Interlingue, IN Idiom Neutral, Io Ido, LL Loglan (1960), NL Novial, Ro Romániço, Ui Uropi.

Caveat: The morphology of Logglo has been recently modified, so this lexicon may keep some errata; I will soon give it a full revision.

English || Logglo || Latin [L], etc. || Peano's Interlingua, etc. * darkness (n.) || obskuro-yi || L obscuritas, L caligo, L color fuscus, S oscuridad, Ca foscor ||
 * a, an (a. used when mentioning someone or something for the first time) || uno || I S Ca Oc un -a, F un -e, P um -a || IL uno, Ie Ia ER IN Io Ro FN Ui un, Eo unu, NL un(i), IG Ui u(n).
 * 🧮 abacus (n.) || ábaki || L abacus ||.
 * abandon (v.1 = leave permanently) || abandona || L relinquō -ere, L derelinquo –ere; L desero –ere; L destituo –ere; L abicio –ere; L omitto –ere; L neglego –ere; I abbandonar, S P Ca Oc abandonar, Ro abandona, F abandoner || Ia abandonar, Ia derelinquer.
 * abandonment (n.) || abandona-yi || L derelictio, L destitutio || Ia abandono.
 * abbey (n.) || abbati || L abbatia -ae, S abadía, I abbazia, Gr abbaeío || Eo abatejo, Io abadeyo.
 * abbot (n.) || abbati-pei || L abbas -atis || Ia abbate.
 * abbreviate (v. = shorten a word or phrase) || abbrevia || L abbrevio -āre || IL abbrevia (= fac breve), Ia abbreviar.
 * abbreviation (n.) || abbrevia-yi || L abbreviatiō -ōnis || IL abbreviatione.
 * abdomen (n.) || abdómini || L abdomen -minis || IL abdomine (= parte de corpore, que contine intestinos).
 * abdominal (a.) || abdomini-yo || L abdominalis || IL abdominale.
 * ability (n.) || habilo-yi || L facultās -ātis, L peritia -ae || IL habilitate, IL facultate (= to pote fac), IL potestate (= facultate, possibilitate, vi, potentia, valore, efficacia, importantia, auctoritate, dominio).
 * ablative (n.) || ablativi || L ablativus -i || IL ablativo.
 * able (a., &lt; L habilis -e) || hábilo || L potis -e, L potens, L capax, L peritus || IL Ia habile (IL = apto, conveniente; perito, idoneo), IL pote (= que pote, potente), Ia capace, Ia capabile.
 * aboard (adv. = on or in a ship, aircraft, etc.) || innave || L in nave || Ia a bordo ||
 * abolish (v. = put an end to a law or custom) || abolea || L aboleo -ēre || Ia abolir ||
 * abolition (n.) || abolea-yi || L abolitio -onis ||
 * abort (v.) || aborta || L aborior -iri, L aborto -āre || IL aborti (= habe abortu, parturi ante termino).
 * abortion (n.) || aborta-yi || L abortus -us, L abortiō -ōnis || IL abortu.
 * abound (v. = be abundant) || abunda || L abundo -āre || IL abunda (= habe multo, anti ege; es copioso, anti defice), Ia abundar.
 * about (pre.1 = concerning) || du || L dē (+ abl.), S de, S acerca de, S sobre, I riguardo a, F concernant || Ia re, Eo Io pri, Ia super, Ro sopre.
 * above (adv.1 = at a higher level) || supre || L suprā, L īnsuper || IL Ia super, IL Ia supra.
 * above (pre.1 = at a higher level than) || supru || L super, L suprā || IL Ia super, IL Ia supra.
 * abscess (n. = swelling containing pus) || abscessi || L ulcus -ceris, L abscessus (used in a medical sense by Celsus) || Ia abscesso ||
 * absent (a.) || absento || L absens || Ia absente ||
 * absent-minded (a. = forgetful; inattentive) || psiki-absento || L obliviousus, L immemor; L parum attentus || Ia distracte ||
 * absolute (a.) || absoluto || L absolutus -a -um || IL absoluto (= quem absolve, completo, perfecto, sine restrictione, anti relativo).
 * absorb (v.) || absorbea || L absorbeo -ere || IL absorbe (= sorbe ab), Ia absorber, Ia imbiber.
 * absorbent (a. = able to soak up liquid) || absorbento || L bibulus -a -um ||
 * abstract (a.) || abstrakto || L abstractus -a -um, S abstracto, I astratto, F abstrait || IL abstracto (= quem abstrahe).
 * absurd (a.) || absurdo || L absurdus -a -um, L ineptus -a -um || IL absurdo (= que sona male, dissonante, repugnante, contra sensu commune; ⊂ ab surdo = male sonante), Ia absurde.
 * abundance (n.) || abunda-yi || L abundantia -ae || IL abundantia (= exuberantia, divitia).
 * abundant (a.1 = plentiful) || abundanto || L abundans || IL Ia abundante, Ia copiose.
 * abuse (v.1 = use badly or wrongly) || abusa || L abutor || Ia misusar.
 * abuse (v.2 = treat cruelly; v.3 = insult) || insulta || L abutor.
 * abyss (n.) || abissi || L abyssus, L profundum || Ia abysso ||
 * academy (n.) || akademi || L academia, S academia, I a(c)cademia, F académie || IL academia (= societate de scientia, de arte; &lt; Gr Acadēmeia (= schola de Platone in horto de Academo)).
 * accept (v.) || akcipia || L accipiō -ere ||
 * accident (n.) || akcidenti || L accidens, L cāsus -ūs ||
 * accompany (v.) || kómita || L comitō -āre, L comitor -ārī ||
 * according to (pre.) || sekundu || L secundum (&lt; L sequī), I secondo, S según, Ca segons, F selon || ER sekondu, IN sekuantu, Io NL segun, Ie secun, Ia secundo, Ro secuno, FN seguente, FN como diseda par, Eo laŭ, IG harmono, Ui slogan.
 * account (v.) || kómputa || L aestimo -are, L rationem reddo -ere, L numero -are, L computo -are ||
 * account (n.) || komputa-yi || L ratiō -ōnis, L numeratio -onis ||
 * accountant (n.) || komputa-pei || L tabularius -i ||
 * accurate (a. = with no errors) || akkurato || L accuratus -a -um ||
 * accusation (n.) || akkusa-yi || L accusatiō -ōnis, L crimen -minis || IL accusatione.
 * accusative (n.) || akkusativi || L accusativus -i || IL accusativo (= que accusa, quarto casu latino).
 * accuse (v.) || akkusa || L accūsō -āre, L criminor -ārī || IL accusa.
 * accustom (v.1 = make used to) || assuefakia || L assuēfaciō -ere ||
 * accustom (v.2 = be used to) || assueta || L suētus –a –um, L cōnsuētus –a –um, L assuētus –a –um ||
 * accustomed (a. = made or been used to) || assueta-zo || L suētus –a –um, L cōnsuētus –a –um, L assuētus –a –um ||
 * achieve (v. = succeed in doing by effort or skill) || konseqa || L patro –āre; L consequor &gt; S conseguir; L conficio -ere, L perficio –ere; F achever ||
 * achievement (n. = something that someone has done after trying hard) || konseqa-yi || L res gesta; L facinus –eris; F achèvement ||
 * acid (n.) || ácidi || L acidus -i || IL acido.
 * acid (a.) || ácido || L acidus -a -um || IL acido.
 * acidity (n.) || acido-yi || L aciditas -atism || IL aciditate.
 * across (pre.) || transu || L trans, I oltre, S más allá de || IL Eo ER IN Io Ie NL IG Ia Ro trans (IL = ab uno ad altero parte, ultra), Ro transvers, FN traversante.
 * act (v.1 = do something) || aga || L agō –ere &gt; I agire, F agir, S Ca actuar, P atuar; L faciō –ere; L gerō –ere || IL age, Eo agi, ER aga, IN aktar, Io agar, Ie Ro acter, NL akte, Ia ager, Ui akto, IG acte.
 * act (v.2 = have an effect) || effekti-aga ||
 * act (v.3 = behave) || komporta ||
 * act (v.5 = perform in a play or film) || akta || S actuar ||
 * act (n.1 = thing done) || akti || L factum -ī, L gestum -ī, L āctus -ūs, I atto, P ato, S acto, F Ca acte || IL acto (= quem age), Ia Ro acto, Eo ER Io ago, IN Ui akt, Ie acte, NL akto, IG acte.
 * act (n.2 = law made by a parliament) || legisla-akti ||
 * action (n.1 = the process of doing something) || aga-yi ||
 * action (n.2 = thing done) || akti ||
 * active (a.) || aktivo || L agilis -e, L impiger -gra -grum, L industrius -a -um, L operōsus -a -um, L strēnuus -a -um, L vīvidus -a -um, L actīvus -a -um, S activo, I attivo, P ativo, F actif, Ca actiu || IL activo (= que age, anti passivo), IG activo, Eo Io aktiva, Io agiva, Io NL aktiv, Ie activ, Ia active, Ro activa, Ui aktivi, FN ativa.
 * activity (n.) || aktivo-yi || L agilitās -ātis, L mōbilitās -ātis, L industria -ae, Ca activitat, S actividad, I attività, F activité || IL Ia activitate, Eo aktiveco, IN aktivitet, Io agiveso, Io NL aktiveso, Ie activitá, Ui aktivid, FN ativia, IG activo.
 * actor (n. = person who acts in a play or film) || aktua-pei || L actor, L comoedus, L histrio, L mimus, L artifex scaenicus || IL actore (= que age), IL actrice (= actore femina).
 * actress (n. = woman who acts in a play or film) || feo-aktua-pei ||
 * adapt (v.) || adapta || L accommodo -āre, L apto -āre (tr. v.) || IL apta (= redde apto), IL adapta (= apta ad, accomoda).
 * add (v.) || adda || L addō -ere, L appōnō -ere, L adiungō -ere, L adiciō -ere, F additioner, F ajouter, I aggiungere, S añadir (&lt; L *inaddere), Ca afegir (&lt; L affigere), P juntar || IL adde (= da ad, adjunge, junge, annecte, uni, auge), IL adjunge, Eo adicii, Io adicionar, Ie addir, NL adi, Ia adder, Ro aditioner, IN ad-yunktar, Ie Ro adjunter, NL adjunkte, FN ajunta, Ui ajuto, IG date … plus re.
 * addition (n.) || adda-yi || L additiō, -ōnis || IL additione.
 * address (n.) || direktioni || VL directio &gt; S dirección, I indirizzo, P endereço, F adresse, Ca Oc adreça ||
 * adhesive (a.) || adhesivo || L adhesivus -a -um || IL adhæsivo.
 * adieu! (excl. = goodbye!) || adéi! ||
 * adjective (n.) || adjektivi || LaL adjectivus -i (lit. "that which is added", &lt; L adicere &lt; L iacere), S adjetivo, I aggettivo, F adjectif, Ca adjectiu, G Sw adjektiv, L epitheton (&lt; Gr) || IL adjectivo (= vocabulo que concorda cum substantivo).
 * admiration (n.) || admira-yi || L admiratio ||
 * admire (v.) || admira || L admīror -ārī ||
 * admit (v.) || admitta || L admittō -ere, I ammettere, F admettre, Ca admetre, S P admitir, G zulassen, G einlassen || IL admitte (= recipe, anti exclude, concede), IN admitar, Io admisar, Ie admisser, NL admise, Ia admitter, Ro admiser, Eo allasi, Ui inlaso, FN lasa entra, IG Ig date posso … kine in.
 * adolescence (n.) || adolesca-evi || L adolescentia || IL adolescentia (= to adolesce).
 * adolescent (a.) || adolescento || L adolescens (&lt; L adolesco -ere "grow up", &lt; L alo -ere "nourish") || IL adolescente.
 * adolescent (n.) || adolesca-pei || L adolescens || IL adolescente.
 * adopt (v.) || adopta || L adoptō -āre ||
 * adult (a.) || adulto || L adultus (&lt; L alo -ere "nourish") || IL adulto (= que e adole(sce)).
 * adult (n.) || adulto-pei || L adultus -i || IL adulto (= que e adole(sce)).
 * adulthood (n.) || adulto-yi ||
 * ADVERB FROM ADJECTIVE (gram.) || -ye || L -e (1st &amp; 2nd declension), L -iter (3rd declension), VL -mente || Eo -e ||
 * adverb (n.) || adverbi || LaL adverbium -i (a literal translation of Gr epirrhema), G Nw Ro Sw adverb, F adverbe, Ca adverbi, S adverbio, P advérbio, I avverbio, Du bijwoord, Da biord || Ia IL adverbio, Eo adverbo.
 * advice (n.) || monea-yi || L consilium -ī (&lt; L consulo -ere "ask advice") || IL admonitione.
 * advise (v. = give advice, recommend a course of action) || monea || L moneo –ēre, L suādeō -ēre || IL mone (= fac mene, suade, horta, consilia), IL admone.
 * adviser (n.) || monea-pei || L consultor, L monitor, L suāsor -ōris ||
 * aerial (a.) || aeri-yo || L aerius -a -um || IL aerio.
 * affair (n.) || affari || L agendum (lit. "thing to be done," gerundive, &lt; L agere), I affare, Ca afer, F affaire (lit. “to do,” &lt; F faire) || IN afer, Eo ER Io afero, Ie NL afere, Ia affaire, Ro afaro.
 * affect (v.) || affekta || L afficiō -ere, L affectō -āre, S Ca afectar, F affecter || IL affice (= influe, move, commove), Io afektar, Ie afecter, NL afekte, Ia afficer, Ui afekto, FN afeta.
 * Afghan (geo. a.) || geo-afgano ||
 * 🇦🇫 Afghanistan (geo. = Islamic Republic of Afghanistan)|| lu afgano-landi || L Afgania, L Afghanistania ||
 * afraid (a. = frightened) || pávido, terra-zo || L timidus, L pavidus ||
 * 🌍 Africa (geo.) || (kontinenti) lu áfrik || L Africa (terra), I Africa, S P África, G Sw Da Du Afrika, F l’Afrique, Ca Àfrica || IL Africa.
 * African (geo. a.) || geo-afrikano (= du lu áfrik) || L africanus (&lt; L africus -a) || IL africano.
 * after (pre. = later than) || postu || L post (&lt; *pos-ti), L a, L de, L e, L ex, P depois, S después de, I dopo, F après, Ca després de, G nach, Du na || IL Ia Eo IG Ro post, ER postu, Io Ie FN Ui pos, IN po, NL after.
 * after (adv. = in the time following an event) || poste || L post, L postea, L posterius; L exinde, L deinde || IL post, IL postea.
 * after (conj. = in the time following an event) || postu qandu || L postquam, L posteaquam || IL post quam, Ia postquam, Ie posque, FN pos cuando, NL after ke.
 * afternoon (n.) || posmeridi || L post meridiem, I pomeriggio, S P tarde, Ca tarda, G Nachmittag, Sw Da eftermiddag, Nw ettermiddag, Du middag [sic] || Ia postmeridie.
 * afterward, afterwards (adv. = at a later time) || poste ||
 * again (adv. = once more, another time) || ítere || L iterum; L dēnuō; L rūrsum, L rūrsus || IL iterum (= de novo, uno novo vice), Io itere, IG itero, IN Eo NL Ro denove Ie denov, Ia de nove, FN denova, FN nova, Ro revos.
 * against (pre.1 = in opposition to) || kontru || L contrā, S ca contra, L adversus, L adversum || IL Ie Ia FN contra, IN kontr, Eo kontraŭ, ER kontru, Io kontre, Ro contre, NL konter, Ui gon, IL IG anti.
 * age (n.) || evi, etati || L aevum -ī, L aetās -ātis || IL ætate, Ia etate, Eo aĝo, ER etado, Io evo, Ie etá, NL aje, Ro etato, FN eda, IN ansianitet, Ui ald, IG palaeo, IG tem, IG major de anni.
 * aged (a.1 = old (a.4 = of a specified age) || evo ||
 * aged (a.2 = old (a.3 = showing signs of age)) || seno ||
 * agence (n.) || agenti || MedL agentia (&lt; L agere), I agenzia, S agencia, P agência, Ca agència, F agence, E agency || IL agentia (= officio de agente), IN agensi, Ia Ui agentia, Eo agentejo, Io agenteyo, Io agenterio, Ie agentie, Ie agentia, FN ajenteria, Ro ajenterío.
 * agenda (n.) || agendi || L agenda (lit. "things to be done," gerundive, &lt; L agere) || IL agenda.
 * agent (n.) || agenti-pei || L agens/agentes (&lt; L agere), I S P agente, Sw G Ca F E agent || IL Ie NL Ia agente (IL = que age), Eo Io agento, IN Ui agent, FN ajente, Ro ajento, IG negotio-pe.
 * aggression (n.) || aggreda-yi || L aggressio ||
 * agile (a.) || ágilo || L agilus || IL agile (= que age, activo, vivo, prompto).
 * agility (n.) || agilo-yi || L agilitas -atis || IL agilitate.
 * ago (adv. = "before the present") || pride || L pridem || IN Ie FN ante, Eo antaŭ nun, Io NL Ro ante nun, IG pre-nu, Ia retro.
 * agrarian (a. = of agriculture) || agríkolo (&lt; L agricola "farmer, cultivator") || L agrarius -a -um || IL agrario.
 * agree (v.) || konkorda || L congruō -ere, L concordō -āre, VL *accordō -āre, L concinō -ere, L cōnsentiō -īre, I essere d’accordo, F être d’accord, S estar de acuerdo || IL consenti, IL conveni, IL concorda (= es concorde), Ie Ia concordar, Ia esser de accordo, Eo akordi, Io konkordar, NL konkorda, Ro concorder, IN akordar, Ie acordar, FN acorda, Ro acorder, Ui koveno, IG esthe communo, IG habe harmono.
 * agreeable (a. = pleasant) || jukundo ||
 * agreement (n.) || konkorda-yi || L consensus -ūs, L concordia -ae, F accord, I accordo, P acordo, S acuerdo, Ca acord || IL consensu (= ton consenti), Ia accordo, Eo Io NL konkordo, Eo Io akordo, IN akord, NL konkorda, Ie acorde, Ie concordie, Ro concordo, FN acorda, Ro acordo, Ui kovenad, IN kovension, Ie Ia convention, NL konventione, IG harmono, Eo Io interkonsento, Ie consentiment.
 * agriculture (n. = the science or practice of farming) || agrikulturi || L agricultura (&lt; L agricola ‘farmer, cultivator’), L res rustica || IL agricultura.
 * aim (n. = purpose or intention) || propósiti ||
 * air (n.) || aeri || L āēr - āeris (&lt; Gr), L aura -ae, S Ca aire, I aria, P ar, F air, G Sw Da luft, Du lucht || IL Ie NL Ia aere, Eo ER Io IG aero, IN aer, FN aira, Ro airo, Ui al.
 * airplane (US), aeroplane || aeroplani || MoL aeroplanum &gt; I S aeroplano, F aéroplane; F avion, S avión, Ca avió, P avião (&lt; L avis), G flugzeug, Sw flygmaskin || Eo Io Ia aeroplano, NL aeroplane, Ro airoplano, IG aero navi, Ie Ia FN avion, NL avie, Ui avièl.
 * airport (n.) || aeroporti || MoL aeroportus, MoL aeriportus, I aeroporto || -.
 * 🇦🇱 Albania (geo. = Republic of Albania) || lu albano-landi || MeL MeGr I S Albania (perhaps from L albus -a -um), L Epirus, P Albânia, Ca Albània, F Albanie, Sw G Albanien, Alb Shqipëria, Alb Shqipëria (Republika e Shqipërisë).
 * Albanian (geo. a.) || geo-albano || L albanus -a -um.
 * Albanian (lang.) || lu albano-glossi || L lingua albanica, L lingua epirotica ||
 * alcohol (n.1 = drinks containing an intoxicating liquid, such as wine, beer, and spirits) || alkooli-potioni ||
 * alcohol (n.2 = intoxicating liquid contained in drinks such as wine, beer, and spirits) || alkooli || MeL alcohol (&lt; Arab) &gt; I F Ro Oc alcool, S Ca alcohol, P álcool ||
 * 🇩🇿 Algeria (geo. = People's Democratic Republic of Algeria) || lu algerio-landi || L Algerium (Respublica Democratica Foederalis Algerii), F Algérie (République Algérienne Démocratique et Populaire) ||
 * alike (a. = similar) || símilo || L similis -e ||
 * alike (adv. = in a similar way) || similo-ye || L similiter ||
 * alive (a.) || vivo || L vīvus -a -um || IL vivo (= que vive).
 * alkali (n. = substance that turns litmus blue and neutralizes acids) || alkali || MeL alkali (&lt; Arab al-qaliy “ashes”) ||
 * alkaline (a.) || alkali-yo ||
 * all (a. = the whole quantity or extent of) || toto || L totus -a -um &gt; I tutto, Ca tot, F tout, S P todo || IL toto, Io Ro FN tota, Ie tot, NL tot(i), Ia tote, Eo tuta, ER tute, Ui intali, IG holo.
 * all (pro.1 = everything) || omno rei ||
 * all (pro.2 = everyone) || omno homi || L omnis -e, L cunctus -a -um, L ūniversus -a -um, I ogni, S todos, I tutti || IL Ie IN NL omni, Io Ro omna, ER Ia omne, IG pan.
 * allergic (a.) || allergi-yo ||
 * allergy (n.) || allergi || L allergia (&lt; Gr allergía), I Oc allergia, F G Du allergie, S P Po alergia, Ro alergie, Ca alulèrgia, Sw Da Nw allergi, Tu alerji, Ru allergija, Sr alergija || Ia allergia, Eo Io alergio.
 * allow (v.1 = let someone do something) || permitta || L permittō -ere &gt; I permettere, F permettre, Ca Oc permetre, S P permitir, Ro permite || IL permitte (= concede, da facultate, fac licito, tolera, suffer, consenti).
 * almond (n.) || amindli || Gr L amygdăla, VL *amindăla, VL *amindla, VL *amendla, MeL amăndŭla (by influence of L amanda ‘lovable’), F amande, S almendra, I mandorla, P amêndoa, Ca ametlla, Du amandel || Eo migdalo, Io mandelo, Ia amandola, Ro amándulo ||
 * almost (adv.) || qase || L ferē, L fermē, L paene, L prope, L I Ca quasi, P quási, S casi, F presque, G fast, G beinah, Du bijna, Da næsten, Sw nästan || IL Ie Ia quasi, IN kuasi, FN cuasi, Eo preskaŭ, ER presku, Io NL preske, Ie presc, Ro presque, IL fere, IL paene, Ui nerim.
 * alone (a.1 = on your own) || solo || L solus -a -um, L ūnus -a -um, L solitarius -a -um || IL solo, IL solitario (= que vive solo).
 * 🔤 alphabet (n.) || alfabeti || LaL alphabetum -i (&lt; Gr alphábihtos &lt; alpha, bihta) || IL alphabeto.
 * already (adv.) || jame || L iam &gt; Ca ja, P já, I già, S ya, F déja; Sw redan, Du reeds, Da Nw allerede; G schon || IL Ia Eo ER Ro jam, Io Ie NL Ia FN ja, IN ya, Ui ʒa, IG pre nu.
 * also (adv. = in addition) || ete || L et, L etiam || IL Ia etiam, Eo ankaŭ, ER anku, Io NL anke, Ia Ro anque, FN ance, Ie anc, IN et, Ia alsi, Ui os, IG plus re.
 * altar (n.) || altari || L ara -ae, S altar ||
 * alternate (v.) || alterna || L alterno -āre, L vario -āre || IL alterno.
 * alternate (a.) || alterno || L alternus || IL alterna (= fac alterno).
 * although (con. = in spite of the fact that) || qanku || L etsi, L tametsi, L quamquam, L quamvis, L licet, I benche || Eo kvankam, Io quankam, Ro cuancam, Ia ben que.
 * aluminium, (USA) aluminum (n. = chemical element #13 [Al], coined 1812 by Davy, &lt; L alumina &lt; L alumen "alum, bitter salt") (n.) || alumini || L aluminium, F G Du Sw Nw Da aluminium, S aluminio, P alumínio, Ro aluminiu, I alluminio, Ca Oc alumini, Tu alüminyum, Gr argílio || IL Eo Io aluminio (IL = metallo simplice, ex alumine, in Chemia « Al »), Ia aluminium, NL aluminie.
 * alveolar (a.) || alveoli-yo || MoL alveolaris || IL alveolare (&lt; alveolo (= parvo alvo (= cavitate) de apes/dentes)).
 * always (adv.) || sempre || L semper &gt; I P Ca Oc sempre, S siempre; F toujours, Ro totdeauna; L in aeternum || IL ER Ia semper (IL = in omni tempore), IN Io Ie NL FN Ro sempre.
 * Amazon River, The Amazon (geo.) || (fluvi) lu amazoni || L Flumen Amazonum, S Amazonas (Río de las Amazonas), P Amazonas (Rio ds Amazonas) ||
 * ambassador (n.) || legati, legationi-pei || L lēgātus -ī ||
 * amber (n.) || ámbari || L sucinum -ī, L electrum -ī, L glaesum, MeL ambar (originally "ambergris", &lt; Ar 'anbar), I ambra, S ámbar || IL electro (= sucino, ⊂ Gr électron = (metallo, sucino) splendente).
 * 🌎 America (geo.) || (kontinenti) lu amériki || MoL America (after Amerigo Vespucci (1454-1512) whose works put forward the idea of a new continent. The name Amerigo is Germanic, like Emmerich, Emery, etc.) &gt; I America, S P América, F Amérique, G Du Da Sw Amerika, Ca Amèrica, Gr Amerikéh || IL America.
 * American (geo. a.) || geo-amerikano (= du lu amériki) || MoL Americanus, I S P americano, F américain, Ca americà/ans, Du amerikaan, Da G amerikaner, G amerikanisch, Sw amerikan, Sw amerikansk || Eo Io amerikana, NL Ui amerikani, Ro amèricana, Ia american, IN amerikan, FN american.
 * American (n.) || ameriki-pei || I S P americano, F américain, Ca americà/ans || Eo Io amerikano, NL amerikane, Ia americano, Ro amèricano, Ui amerikan, IN amerikan, FN american.
 * amoeba (n., 1841, so called for its constantly changing shape, &lt; Gr amoibe "change") || amebi || MoL amoeba, S ameba.
 * among (pre. = surrounded by) || interu || L inter, L apud, L ad (+ acc.), I fra, S entre, F parmi, G unter || IL Eo ER Io Ie NL IG Ia Ro inter, IL in medio, IN intr, FN entre.
 * amount (n.) || qanto-yi || Ca quantitat, S cantidad ||
 * 🧿 amulet (n.) || amuleti || L amuletum, I amuleto ||
 * anal (a.) || ani-yo ||
 * analyse (v.) || analisa || S analizar ||
 * analysis (n.) || analisa-yi || MeL analysis (&lt; Gr), F G analyse, P análise, S análisis, I analisi, Ca anàlisi || IL analysi (⊂ Gr análysis ⊂ ana ly(e) -si = re-solu-tione), Eo Io analizo, IN analis, Ie FN analise, NL analiso, Ia analyse, Ro análiso, Ui analìz, IG detecte.
 * ancient (a.1 = of the very distant past; a.2 = very old) || prisko || L prīscus -a -um, L antīquus -a -um, L vetus -teris, L vetustus -a -um, L prīstinus -a -um || IL antiquo.
 * and (conj. used to connect words, clauses, or sentences) || etu || L et, L ac, L atque, L -que, F et, P e, S y, Ca i, I e(d), Gr kai, G und, Du en, Sw och, Da og || IL Ro et, ER IN Ie NL Ia FN e, Io e(d), Ui id, Eo kaj, IG plus, IG syn.
 * 🇦🇩 Andorra (geo. = Principality of Andorra) || lu andorrao-landi || L S Andorra, Ca Andorra (Principat d’Andorra).
 * Andorran (geo. a.) || geo-andorrao || L andorranus -a -um, S andorrano, Ca andorrà -ana, S andorrano -a.
 * anger (n.) || iri || L īra –ae &gt; S ira; L iracundia –ae; L bilis –is; I collera, F colère; S enojo; G Zorn || IL ira.
 * angina (n.) || pektori-angini || L angina pectoris ||
 * angle (n.) || ánguli || L angulus -ī, I angolo, S ángulo, P ângulo, F Ca angle, Gr gonia, G Ecke, G Winkel, Sw Da vinkel, Du hoek || IL Eo ER Io Ia FN angulo, IN Ie angul, NL angule, Ro ángulo, Ui angel/angle, IG gono.
 * 🇦🇴 Angola (geo. = Republic of Angola) || angolio-landi || L Angolia (Respublica Angolae), P Angola (República de) ||
 * 😠 angry (a.) || irato || L īrātus -a -um, L iracundus -a -um, I adirato, F en colère, S enojado, G zornig || IL irato (= cum ira)
 * animal (n.) || animali, zoi || L animal -ālis, L animans (lit. “breathing (creature)”), Gr zoon, I animale, S animal/es, P animal/ais, F animal/aux, Ca animal/s, Gr zoon/zoa, Da dyr, Du dier, G Tier, Sw djur || IL Ie NL animale, Eo ER Io Ro animalo, IN Ia FN animal, Ui best, IG zoa.
 * animal (a.) || animalo, zoi-yo || L animalis ||
 * ankle (n.) || tibi-tali || L (tibiae) tālus -ī, I caviglia, Oc cavilha, F cheville, S tobillo, P tornozelo, Ca turmell, Da ankel, Du enkel, Sw vrist, G Sprunggelenk, Gr podoknihmikíh árthrosih || IL talo (= parte posteriore de pede), Eo piedartiko, Io maleolo.
 * anonymous (a.) || anónimo || LaL anōnymus -a -um, Gr anónymos (lit. "without name"), F anonyme, I anonimo, S anónimo, P anônimo, Ca anònim || IL anonymo.
 * another (a. = one more, a different) || altro || L alius -a -ud, L alter -era -erum || IL alio, IL altero (= secundo, alio ex duo, alio), Eo iu alia, ER alikvu alie, ER alie, Io altru, FN un otra, IG un hetero.
 * anounce (a.) || nuntia || L nūntio -āre &gt; I annunciare, S P Ca anunciar, Oc anonciar, F annoncer ||
 * anouncement (n.) || nuntia-yi || L nuntiatio ||
 * answer (v.1 = give an answer) || respondea || L respondeo -ēre, S P responder, I rispondere, OF respondere, Ca respondre, F répondre, Sw svara, Da svare, G antworten, Du antwoorden || IL FN responde, Eo respondi, ER NL responda, IN Io respondar, Ie Ia Ro responder, Ui ruvoko, IG reacte, IG reacte questio.
 * answer (n.1 = something said or written in reaction to a question or statement) || responda-yi || L responsiō -ōnis, L responsum -ī, F réponse, I risposta, P Ca resposta, S respuesta, Sw Da svar, Sw Da ansvar, G Antwort, Du antwoord (= lit. "word against") || IL responso (= quem responde), Eo ER Io NL respondo, IN respond, Ie response, Ia responsa, FN responde, Ie Ia replica, Ui ruvòk, IG reacte.
 * 🐜 ant (n.) || formiki || L formīca -ae, I formica, P Ca formiga, S hormiga, F fourmi, G Ameise, Du mier, Da myre, Sw myra || IL formica (= Zool. « formica rufa »).
 * 🇦🇬 Antigua and Barbuda (geo.) || lu antiguo-barbudo || L Antigua et Barbuda ||
 * antler (n.) || rami-korni (= korni du alci, konu formi du rami) || I palchi, F bois, S asta || Eo ramuro, Io osto-korno.
 * anus (n.) || ani || L ānus -ī || IL ano.
 * 🇦🇶 Antarctic (geo. a.) || geo-antártiko (= du lu antártik) || I antartico, S P antártico, Ca Oc antàrtic, Ro antarctic, F antarctique || IL antarctico (= (polo) anti arctico, sud).
 * anxiety (n.) || anxio-yi || L anxietas -atis || IL anxietate (= to es anxio, inquietudine).
 * anxious (a.) || anxio || L anxius -a -um || IL anxio (⊂ ange).
 * any (a.1 = one or some; a.2 = whichever or whatever you choose) || ullo || L quivīs – quaevīs - quidvīs, L quilibet, L ūllus -a -um (after negative), I qualunque, I qualsiasi, S cualquier, P qualquer, F quelconque, Ca Oc qualsevol, S cualquier(a), F n’importe quel, Ro orice, G irgendwelche || IL ullo (= aliquo, uno), Ia ulle, Io ula, NL uli, Eo iu ajn, Ie alquel, FN cualce, Ro álica cunque, Ui eni, IG mono minus limito (de electio).
 * anyone (pro.) || ullo homi || L quivis, L quilibet, L quisquam (after negative).
 * anything (pro.) || ullo rei || L quicquam, L quidpiam, L quodvis.
 * anywhere (adv.) || alikube || L ubilibet, L alicubi, L ubivis.
 * ape (n.) || simi || L simius, L simia, MoL hominoidea (1825, = superfamilia ordinis Primatum, in qua inclusa est familia Hominidae), Gr píthihkos || IL simio (= animale cum naso simo, depresso), Ia hominoidea, Eo homoideo.
 * aphorism (n. = a pithy observation which contains a general truth) || aforismi || LaL aphorismus (from Gr aphorismos ‘definition’) ||.
 * apparent (a.1 = clearly seen or understood) || manifesto || L manifestus –a –um ||
 * apparent (a.2 = seeming real, but not necessarily so) || apparento ||
 * apparently (adv.) || apparento-ye || L manifeste ||
 * appeal (v.1 = make a serious, urgent, or heartfelt request) || appella || L appello -are ||
 * appear (v.) || apparea || L appareo -ēre, L compareo -ēre, L me ostendo -ere ||
 * appearance (n.) || apparea-yi ||
 * 🍏 apple (n.) || pomi || L mālum -ī (“fruit; aple”; &lt; Doric Gr malon “fruit”), L pomum -ī (“fruit; apple”), VL poma -ae, Ca poma, F pomme, I mela, S manzana, P maçã, Du appel, G Apfel, Sw äpple, Da æble || IL Ia malo, Eo ER Io Ia Ro pomo, IN Ie pom, NL pome, IG pomi, FN poma, Ui apel/aple.
 * apple-tree (n.) || pomi-arbori || L mālus -ī || IL malo.
 * approach (v. = go nearer to) || approca || LaL appropiare, Ca apropar(-se), F approcher || FN prosimi.
 * approach (n. = the act of approaching) || approca-yi || LaL appropiare, Ca apropar(-se), F approcher || Eo proksimiĝo, Io NL proximesko, Io aprocho, Ia approche, FN prosimi.
 * approximate (a. = almost but not completely accurate) || approxima-zo || L propinquus ||
 * approximately (adv. = about; more or less) || appróxime || L fere; L prope ||
 * April (n. = the fourth month) || aprili (= mensi qatro-yo du anni) || L Aprilis -e || IL aprile (= mense numero 4).
 * aproach (v.1 = come near to) || appropinqa || L appropinquo –are [+ dat.]; L accēdō –ere; L adeō -īre ||
 * Arab (n.) || arabi-pei || L Arabis, L Arabus ||
 * Arabia (geo.) || lu arabo-landi || L Arabia, Ar Al-Arabiya ||
 * Arabic (geo. a.) || geo-arabo || L Arabus -a -um ||
 * Arabic (lang.) || lu arabo-glossi || L lingua Arabica, L sermo Arabicus ||
 * arc (n.1 = curve forming part of the circumference of a circle) || arki || L arcus -ūs ||
 * arch (n.1 = curved structure supporting a bridge, roof, or wall) || arki || L arcus -ūs ||
 * architect (n.) || arkitekti(-pei) || Gr arkhitekton (lit. "master builder") &gt; L architectus, I architetto, Sw arkitekt, S arquitecto, P arquiteto, Ca arquitecte, F architecte ||
 * Arctic (geo. a.) || geo-arktiko || Gr arktikos ("of the north," lit. "of the (constellation) Bear"): L arcticus, MeL articus, I artico, S P ártico, Ca Oc àrtic, Ro arctic, F arctique || IL arctico (= de septentrione, de nord; &lt; Gr árktos “bear”).
 * Arctic (geo. n.) || lu árktiki ||
 * area (n.) || arei || L area -ae ||
 * 🇦🇷 Argentina (geo. = Argentine Republic) || lu argentino-landi || L Argentina (Res publica Argentina), S Argentina (República Argentina) ||
 * Argentine (geo. a.) || geo-argentino || L Argentinus -a -um ||
 * argon (n. = chemical element #18 [Ar]) || argoni || L argon, I F Ro Oc G Sw Da Nw Du Ru Po Tu argon, S argón, P árgon, Ca Gr argó || Ia argon, Eo Io argono.
 * argue (v.1 = exchange conflicting views heatedly) || disputa || L disputō –āre; L arguo –ere; LaL discuto -ere (&lt; L quatere “shake”) &gt; I discutere, F discuter, S P Ca discutir || IL disputa (= dissere, discute), IL discute (= dis quate, separa; disputa, examina, refuta), IL argue (= demonstra, proba, accusa), IL argumenta (= deduc argumento), Eo argumenti, ER NL argumenta, IN Io Ie argumentar, Ie Ia arguer, Ro argumenter, Ui disvoko, Eo diskuti, IN Io diskutar, Ie discusser, NL diskuse, Ia discuter, Ro discuser, FN discute, FN disputa, IG dicte disputo.
 * argue (v.2 = give reasons for an opinion) || argua || L arguo –ere ||
 * argument (n.1 = heated exchange of conflicting views) || disputa-yi || L disputatio; L discussio &gt; I discussione, S discusión, G Sw diskussion, F E discussion || IL discussione (= ton quate; disputatione, controversia, examine), Eo Io diskuto, Eo Io diskutado, IN diskutasion*, Ie Ia discussion, NL diskusione, Ro discuso, FN discute, Ui disvokad Lf disputa, Eo Io IG disputo.
 * argument (n.2 = set of reasons given in support of an opinion) || argumenti || L argumentum ||
 * 💪 arm (n.) || braci || L bra(c)chium -ī (&lt; Gr brakhion), L lacertus -ī, I braccio/ia, S brazo, P braço, F bras, Ro braț, Ca braç, Sw Da Du G arm || IL armo, IL Ia brachio, Eo ER brako, IN bras, Io brakio, Ia Ro bracio, IG brachi, Ie brasse, NL brase, FN braso, Ui ram.
 * 🇦🇲 Armenia (geo. = Republic of Armenia) || lu armenio-landi || L Armenia (Res publica), Arm Hayast ä n (Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun) ||
 * Armenian (geo. a.) || geo-armenio || L Armenus -a -um.
 * Armenian (lang.) || lu armenio-glossi || L Lingua Armenia, Gr armenikíh glóssa.
 * army (n.) || exérciti || L exercitus -ūs || IL exercitu (= corpore de milites, quem exerce).
 * around (adv.1 = on every side of) || cirku || L circā, L circum, L ad, L apud, L circiter, L sub (+ acc.), F autour, S alrededor de, I intorno, P à roda || IL Ia circa, IL Ie Ro circum, Eo ĉirkaŭ, ER cirku, IN sirka, Io cirkum, NL sirk, FN sirca.
 * around (adv.1 = on every side) || cirke ||
 * arrival (n.) || advenia-yi || L adventus –ūs ||
 * arrive (v.1 = reach a destination) || advenia || L adveniō -īre, L perveniō -īre; VL *arrīpō -āre &gt; I arrivare, F arriver, Ca Oc arribar; S llegar, P chegar; Ro ajunge ||
 * arrow (n.) || sagitti || L sagitta -ae, L arundo || IL sagitta.
 * art (n.) || arti || L ars - artis, I S P arte, F Ca Oc art, G Du Da kunst, Sw konst || IL Ie NL Ia FN arte, Eo ER Io Ro arto, IN Ui art, IG arti.
 * artery (n.) || arteri || L vena -ae, L arteria -ae || IL arteria.
 * article (n. = grammatical element used to indicate definiteness or indefiniteness) || artíkuli || G Sw artikel, S artículo, I articolo, Ro articol, Ru artikly, Gr árthro (grammatikíh,), Du lidwoord || IL articulo, Eo artikolo.
 * article (n.2 = piece of writing in a newspaper or magazine) || jurnali-artíkuli || L artīculus (= "joint") || IL articulo (= parvo artu, elemento grammaticale, objecto de commercio), IG mero grapho (= lit. "part of writing").
 * 🧑‍🎨 artist (n.) || artisti, arti-pei || MeL artista &gt; I S P Ca Oc artista, F artiste; G künstler, Sw konstnär || IL Ia artista (IL = qui cole arte), Eo Io Ro artisto, IN Ie Ui artist, NL FN artiste, IG arti-pe.
 * as (pre. used in comparisons) || qamu || L quam ||
 * as (pre. = in the role of) || qa || L ut, L quam, L tanquam, L ita ut, L sicut, L velut || IL ut (= in forma de, in modo que, pro, quod).
 * as (adv. used in comparisons = equally) || tame || L tam ||
 * as (conj. = in the way that) || utu || L ut, L quam, L ita ut, L sicut, L velut, S P como, I come, F comme, Ca com, G wie || IL ut (= in forma de, in modo que, pro, quod), Eo kiel, ER kom, Ia FN como, Io NL kom, Ro cuomo, Ui wim.
 * as many (det.) || tanto || L tanti -ae -a (pl.) ||
 * as much (adv.) || tante || L tantum &gt; S tanto ||
 * ascend (v. = go up; climb or rise) || ascenda || L ascendo -ere, L conscendo -ere, L scandō -ere || IL ascende, IL scande (= «ascende», sali).
 * ash(es) (n.) || cíneri || L cinis -eris, VL cinera -ae, I cenere, F cendre, Ca Oc cendra, P cinza, S ceniza(s), G Asche, Sw aska, Da aske, Du as || IL cinere.
 * 🌏 Asia (geo.) || lu asi || L Asia || IL Asia, F l’Asie.
 * Asian (geo. a.) || geo-asiano (= du lu asi) || L Asiaticus -a -um, L Asianus, Gr Asianos || IL Asiatico (= de Asia).
 * ask (v. = say so as to get an answer or some information) || interroga || L interrogō -āre, L rogō -āre, I chiedere, F questionner, S Ca preguntar, P perguntar, Oc demandar, Sw fråga, G fragen, Du vragen || IL quære, IL interroga, Ia querer, Io Ie questionar, NL questiona, Ro questioner, Ui kesto, IG dicte questio, Eo demandi, ER, FN demanda, IN, Ia demandar.
 * ass (n.1 = donkey) || ásini || || L asinus –ī ||
 * associate (n.) || soci || L socius, L consors, L particeps ||
 * associate (v.) || assokia ||
 * association (n.) || assokiationi || L societas, L communitas, L consociatio, L congregatio, L collegium ||
 * assume (v.) || assuma || L induo –ere; L assumo –ere ||
 * assumption (n.) || assuma-yi || sumptio –ōnis ||
 * 🧑‍🚀 astronaut (n.) || astronauti || L astronauta, L cosmonauta, L nauta sideralis || -.
 * at (pre. expressing location) || inu || L ad, L apud (+ acc.), L in (+ abl.), I S P Ca a, F à, F chez, Du om, G um, G an, G bei, Du bij || IL Ia Ro apud (IL = prope, proximo, ad), IL IN ad, Ie Ia FN a, Io NL Ro an, Eo ĉe, ER ce, Io Ie che, Ui be, IG loco, IG topo.
 * at (pre. expressing time) || kronu || L in ||
 * at once (adv.1 = immediately) || state || L statim ||
 * athlete (n.) || atleti(-pei) || L athleta -ae [&lt; Gr athleeteés ‘contending for a prize’] ||
 * atmosphere (n.) || atmósferi || MoL atmosphæra (&lt; Gr atmo sphæra, lit. “vapor sphere”) || IL atmosphæra.
 * atom (n.) || átomi || L atomus -ī (&lt; Gr átomos), I atomo, S P Gr átomo, G Atom || IL atomo (= parte indivisibile de materia. &lt; Gr á-tomos (= ne sectione)), Eo Io atomo.
 * atomic (a.) || atomi-yo ||
 * attack (v.) || aggredia || L aggredior -edi ||
 * attack (n.) || aggredia-yi || L aggressio -ōnis ||
 * attempt (v.1 = try) || tenta || L conor; L tento –are &gt; I tentare, P tentar, S Ca intentar; L tempto &gt; L attempto &gt; E attempt; L probo; L periclitor; F essayer ||.
 * attempt (n.) || tenta-yi ||
 * attract (v.) || attraha || L trahō -ere, L attraho -ere ||
 * attraction (n.) || attraha-yi ||
 * 🍆 aubergine (n. = a purple vegetable) || melóngeni || L melongena &gt; I melanzana; Ar al bādinjāna &gt; S berenjena, P berinjela &gt; Ca albergínia, Oc aubergina, F E aubergine; Ro vânătă || Eo melongeno, Io berenjeno, Io ovoplanto, Ro alberjinio.
 * audacious (a. = daring) || audento || L audēns, L audax –acis ||
 * August (n. = the eighth month) || augusti (= mensi okto-yo du anni) || L Sextilis, L Augustus || IL augusto (= sacro, venerabile; mense numero 8, dicato ad Octaviano Cæsare Augusto, primo imperatore romano [† anno 14]).
 * Augustus (Caesar) (hist.) || (césari) lu august || L Augustus ||
 * aunt (n.) || tanti (&lt; F, &lt; OF ante, &lt; L amita) || L matertera ("maternal aunt"), L amita ("paternal aunt", &lt; L *amma "mother"), F G Du Da tante, P Ca Oc tia, S tía, I zia, Sw faster ("father's sister"), Sw moster ("mother's sister").
 * 🇦🇺 Australia (geo.) || lu australio-landi || L Australia.
 * Australian (geo. a.) || geo-australio || L Australianus -a -um.
 * 🇦🇹 Austria (geo. = Republic of Austria) || lu austro-landi || L Austria, MeL Marchia austriaca (lit. ‘eastern borderland’), G Österreich (lit. ‘eastern kingdom’) (Republik Österreich).
 * Austrian (geo. a.) || geo-austro || L Austriacus -a -um.
 * automatic (a.) || automatario || L automatarius -a -um (= se ipse movens), S automático -a || IL automatico.
 * 🚘 automobile (US) (n. = car) || automóbili || I F auto(mobile) (&lt; F véhicule automobile) ||
 * 🍂 autumn (n. = the season between summer and winter) || autumni || L autumnus || IL autumno.
 * auxiliary (a.) || auxili-yo || IL auxiliare (= auxiliario), IL auxiliario (= que auxilia).
 * available (a. = able to be used or obtained) || presto || L utilis, L praesto [indeclinable], I disponibile, F S Ca disponible, P disponível || IL disponibile (= quem pote dispone), Eo Io disponebla, ER disponeble, Ia disponible, Ui disponli, IG preparo.
 * avarice (n. = greed for wealth) || avaro-yi || L avaritia -ae || IL avaritia (⊂ avar(o) -itia).
 * avaricious (a.) || avaro || L avarus -a -um || IL avaro (= que ave).
 * avoid (v.) || evita || L ēvītō -āre, I evitare, S P Ca Oc evitar, F éviter, G vermeiden, Du vermijden, Sw undvika, Da undgå || IL ER NL FN evita (IL = vita, fuge, elude), Eo eviti, IN Io Ie Ia evitar, Ro eviter, Ui apìto, IG tene apo auto.
 * 🥑 avocado (n., from Spanish aguacate) || aguakati || L Persea americana, S aguacate (from Nahuatl ahuakatl) ||.
 * await (v. = wait for) || expekta ||.
 * aware (a. = having knowledge of something) || skiento || L sciens ||
 * awareness (n.) || skiento-yi ||
 * 🪓 axe, (USA) ax (n. = chopping tool with a heavy blade) || aski || Gr axine, L ascia &gt; I ascia, S hacha, F hache, Oc atxa; P machada; Ca destral; Ro topor; Sw yxa, Da økse, G Axt || IL ascia.
 * axis (n.1 = imaginary line around which an object rotates) || axi || L axis || IL axi, IL axe.
 * axle (n. = rod on which wheels turn) || roti-axi ||
 * 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan (geo. = Republic of Azerbaijan) || lu azerbaijano-landi || L Atropatene, L Azerbaigiania, Az Azərbaycan (Azərbaycan Respublikası) ||
 * 👶 baby (n.) || infanti || L infans -ntis, L infantulus, L infantula, L parvulus, Du Da baby, S Ro bebé, I Oc bebè, F bébé, Tu bebek, F nourrisson, Ca nadó, Ro sugar, G Säugling, Sw spädbarn, Nw spedbarn, Gr bréphos || IL infante, Eo bebo.
 * 🍼 baby bottle (n.) || biberoni || G Babyflasche; I F Ro biberon, S biberón, Ca biberó; P mamadeira ||
 * back (n.) || dorsi || L dorsum -ī, L tergum -ī, I P dorso, F Ro Oc dos, S espalda, I schiena, Ca esquena, Sw rygg, Da ryg, Du rug, G Rücken || IL dorso, IL tergo, Eo ER Io Ia FN dorso, IN dors, Ie NL dorse, Ui ruk, IG retro mero.
 * back (adv.1 = at or towards the rear) || retrorse || L re-, L retro, L retrorsum || IL Ia retro, IL ad retro.
 * backward, backwards (adv.1 = towards the back or back towards the start) || retrorse || L retro, L retrorsum ||
 * 🥓 bacon (n.) || béikoni || Gr mpéikon, S panceta, I Ro Sw Da Nw bacon, G speck, Du spek ||
 * bacterium (n. = microscopic organism, many of which cause disease), pl. bacteria || bakteri || MoL bacterium (from Gr bakterion, lit. “small stick;” so called because the first ones were rod-shaped) ||
 * bad (a.1 = poor in quality) || malo || L malus -a –um &gt; S mal(o), Ca Oc mal, P mau, F mauvais; L pravus –a –um; I cattivo (&lt; L captivus “caught, prisoner”); Ro rău; Ca dolent; Du slecht, G schlecht; Du euvel, G übel; Gr kakos || IL IG malo, IN Ie Ia FN mal, Io Ro mala, NL mal(i), Eo malbona, Ui pej.
 * 🦡 badger (n. = a heavily built omnivorous nocturnal mammal of the weasel family, typically having a grey and black coat) || taxi-musteli || L taxidea taxus, I tasso, S tejón, P texugo, Oc tais, F blaireau ||
 * badness (n.) || malo-yi || L malitia, S maldad; L nequitia; L improbitas || IL malitia (= to es malo, perversitate, astutia, vitio).
 * 👜 bag (n.1 = flexible container with an opening at the top) || bursi || LaL bursa (&lt; Gr byrsa “hide, leather”) &gt; I Ca Oc borsa, F bourse, S P bolsa, S bolso, Ca bossa; L saccus (&lt; Gr sákkos) &gt; F sac; Ro punga || IL IG bursa, IL sacculo (= parvo sacco, bursa), IL Ia sacco, Eo ER Io sako, IN sak, Io saketo, Ie sac, NL sake, FN Ro saco, Ui bag.
 * 🥯 bagel (n. = a dense bread roll in the shape of a ring, made by boiling dough and then baking it; from Yiddish beygl, from OHG boug ‘ring’) || bágeli ||
 * 🇧🇸 The Bahamas (geo. = Commonwealth of the Bahamas) || lu plu bahamo-ínsuli || L Bahamae, L Insulae Bahamenses ||
 * 🇧🇭 Bahrain (geo. = Kingdom of Bahrain) || lu bahraino-landi || L Baharina (status Bahreinensis), Ar al-Baḥrayn (Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn), I Bahrein, S Baréin, Gr Mpakhréin ||
 * 👨‍🦲 bald (a.) || kalvi || L calvus, S calvo ||
 * ⚽ ball (n.) || palli || L pila -ae (perhaps, &lt; L pilus, if the original notion was "hairball"), L follis (= pila inflata), L globus -ī, F balle, F ballon, I palla, Oc bala, Gr mpála, S balón, S pelota, Ca pilota, F boule, S P Ca bola (&lt; L bulla “round thing, round seal, etc.”), G Nw ball, Sw boll, Da bold, Du bal, Ro minge, Po pilka, Sr lopta || IL pila, ER balo, Io bulo, Ie balle, NL bule, Ia bolla, Ia balla, FN Ui bal, ER baluo, IN bul, Eo pilko, IG sphera.
 * 🩰 ballet (n., from F, from I balletto, diminutive of ballo ‘a dance’, from LaL ballare ‘to dance’) || balléi ||
 * 🎈 balloon (n.) || balloni || L vesica ("balloon; bladder"); F G Du Da ballon (&lt; I pallone "large ball"), Sw Nw ballong, Ro balon, P balão, Gr mpalóni, I palloncino, S globo, Ca globus || Eo balono.
 * 🍌 banana (n., from Wolof banana) || banani || MeL musa, MoL banana, I banana, F banane, Gr mpanána || -.
 * banana tree (n.) || banani-árbori ||
 * 🇧🇩 Bangladesh (geo. = People’s Republic of Bangladesh) || lu bangladeso-landi || L Bangladesa, L Bangladesha, Ban Bāṃlādēśa (Gaṇaprajātantrī Bāṃlādēśa) ||
 * 🪕 banjo (n., originally a black American alteration of bandore) || banji || L banio, F P G banjo ||
 * bank (n.1 = organization that keeps customers' money and provides other financial services) || banki || L argentaria (taberna), I Ro Oc banca (originally the moneylender's table), F banque, S P banco, Ca banc, G Da Du Sw Nw Ru Po bank, Tu Sr banka, Gr trápeza || Eo Io banko, IN Ie Ui bank, NL banke, Ia IG banca, Ro FN banco.
 * bank (n.2 = the land alongside a river) || ripi || rīpa –ae ||
 * banquet (n. = elaborate formal meal for many people) || konvivi || L convīvium -i ||
 * 🇧🇧 Barbados (geo.) || lu plu barbado-ínsuli || L Barbata, L Insulae Barbatianae ||
 * Barcelona (geo.) || lu barcelon(-vil) || L Barcino -onis, L Barcinona -ae, Ca S P Ro Oc G Sw Nw Da Du Barcelona, I Barcellona, Ru Barselona ||
 * bark (n.) || kórtici || L cortex -icis, I corteccia, S corteza, F écorce, G (Baum)Rinde || IL cortice.
 * 🐶 bark (v.) || latra || L latrō -āre, S ladrar, I abbaiare, F aboyer || IL latra (= fac voce de cane).
 * barley (n.) || hordei || L hordeum -i ||
 * base (n.1 = the lowest or supporting part of something) || basi || L basis &gt; I S P F Ca Oc base, Ro baza; G Grundlage, Sw grundval || IL basi, Eo Io bazo, IN basis, Ie NL Ia FN base, IG baso, Ui baz, Ro basamento.
 * ⚾ baseball (n.) || basi-palli || L basipila (= ludus pilae et basium), I baseball, S béisbol ||
 * basic (a.) || basi-yo || L basalis, I basico, S P básico, F basique, Ca Oc bàsic, Ro bazic || Eo baza, IN basisik*, Io bazala, Ie Ia basic, Ui bazi, Ro basamentesca, FN fundal, IG proto.
 * basis (n.1 = the foundation of a theory or process) || fundamenti || L fundamentum ||
 * 🧺 basket (n.) || korbi, kanistri || L corbis -is || IL corbe, IL cista, IL canistro, IL cophino.
 * 🏀 basketball (n.) || kanistri-ludi || MoL canistriludium || -.
 * Basque (geo. a.) || geo-vasko || L Vasconis, S vaso ||
 * Basque (lang.) || lu vasko-glossi || L Lingua Vasconica, Eus euskara ||
 * Basque Country (geo.) || lu vasko-landi || L Vasconia, Eus Euskadi, Eus Euskal Herria, S País Vasco, F Pays basque.
 * 🦇 bat (n.) || kirópteri || L vespertiliō -ōnis, L chiroptera ||.
 * 🛀 bath (n.) || balnei || L balneum -ī, L lavatiō -ōnis || IL balneo.
 * bathroom (n.) || balnei-cámeri || F salle de bain, P banheiro, I (stanza di) bagno, S (cuarto de) baño, Ro baie, g Badezimmer || Eo banĉambro.
 * 🔋 battery (n. &lt; L battuere) || bateri (&lt; Gr) || L pila (electrica), I S Ca pila, F pile, Tu pil, P bateria, Ro baterie, Gr mpataría, G Batterie, Du batterij, Sw Da Nw batteri || Eo pilo.
 * bay (n.1 = broad curved inlet of the sea) || bayi || LaL baia &gt; I Oc baia, P baía, S bahía, F baie, Ca badia, Du baai; Ro golf; G Bucht, Da bugt ||
 * be (v. = have a specified state, nature, or role) || sa || L sum - esse – fuīsse, VL *essere, I essere, S P Ca Oc ser, F être, Ca ésser, Oc èsser, Ro fi, G sein; L est, F est, S es, Ca és, I e, P é, G ist || IL es (= sta, sede, mane, respira), Eo esti, ER esta, IN Io esar, NL FN es, Ie esser, Ro eser, Ui so; IG habe ("have such quality"); IG eque ("be equal to").
 * be (modal v. used to form the passive voice) || (-sa) || L -ārī, -ātus sum; etc.
 * be able (phr.) || potea || L possum - posse, VL poteo -ere || Ia poter ||
 * be accustomed (to) (phr.) || solea || L soleō –ēre ||
 * be angry (phr.) || irasca || L īrascor - īrātus sum || IL es in ira.
 * be ashamed (phr.) || pudea || L pudeo -ere ||
 * be born (phr.) || nasca || L nascor - nascī (&lt; OL gnasci), L gignor - gignī, I nascere, P nascer, S nacer, F naître, Ro naşte, Ca nàixer, Ca néixer, G geboren werden, Du geboren zijn, Da være født || IL nasce, Eo naskiĝi, IN Io naskar, Ie Ia nascer, NL naska, IG gene nato, Ro nacer, FN nase, Ui geno.
 * be bright (phr.) || splendea || L splendeo -ēre.
 * be called (phr.) || fia nomina-zo || I chiamarsi, P chamar-se, S llamarse, F s’appeler, G heissen, Sw heta, Da hedde, Du heeten ||
 * be cold (phr.) || frigea || L frīgeō -ēre, L algeo -ēre || IL frige (= es frigido, habe frigore, anti cale), IL alge (= es algido, habe algore).
 * be conscious (phr.) || konskia || L consciō -īre ||
 * be empty (phr.) || vaka || L vacō -āre ||.
 * be hot (phr.) || kalea || L caleō -ēre || IL cale (= habe calore, es calido).
 * be left (phr.) || resta || L restō -āre ||.
 * be located (v.2 = be situated) || fia situa-zo || L loco -āre; L invenio -īre ||
 * be right (phr.) || dekea || L decet -ēre ||
 * be silent (phr.) || takea, silea || L taceō -ēre, L sileo -ēre || IL tace ( = sile, ne loque), IL (= tace, ne loque).
 * be thirsty (phr.) || sitia || L sitiō -īre ||
 * be warm (phr.) || tepea || L tepeō -ēre || IL tepe (= es tepido, habe tepore, cale).
 * beach (n. = area of sand or pebbles at the edge of the sea) || plagi || L lītus -toris, L ora, LaL plagia (regio), Ca Oc platja, F plage, S playa, P praia, I spiaggia, Ro plaja; G Du Sw Da strand || IL litore (= terra prope mari), Io Ro plajo, Ie plage, NL plaje, Ia plagia, FN plaia, Ui plaʒ, Eo marbordo, IN mar-bord, IG littora-lo (de mari).
 * bean (n.) || fabi || L faba -ae, I P Ca Oc fava, S haba, F fÈve, Ro boaba, G Bohne, Du boon, Sw bˆna, Da b¯nne || IL faba (= Bot. vicia faba).
 * 🐻 bear (n. = large mammal with thick fur) || ursi || L ursus -ī &gt; P urso, I orso, F ours, Ro urs, S oso, Ca Oc ós; Gk arktos; G Bär, Sw björn, Da bjørn, Du beer; Ru medved (lit. "honey-eater," symbolic of Russia since 1794) || IL urso (= Zool. « ursus arctos »).
 * bear (v.1 = carry) || fera || L ferō - ferrē ||
 * bear (v.5 = give birth to a child) || paria || L gignō -ere, L *geno, L genero -are, L pariō -īre &gt; S Ca Oc parir, P parturir, I partorire; Ro da nastere; F accoucher ||
 * 🧔🏻 beard (n.) || barbi || L barba -ae || IL barba.
 * beast (n.) || besti || L bēstia -ae, F bête, I S bestia ("wild animal") || IL Ia bestia, Eo Io besto, Io Ro bestio, Ie NL bestie.
 * beat (v.1 = hit repeatedly) || vérbera || L verberō -āre ||
 * beautiful (a.) || pulkro || L pulcher -cra -crum, L bellus -a -um, L fōrmōsus -a -um, Gr kalli-, I S bello, P belo, F beau, F belle, Ca Oc bell, S hermoso, P formoso, Ro frumos, S P lindo, G schön, Du schoon, Sw skön, Da skøn || IL pulcro (= formoso, venusto, bello, anti turpe), pulchro, IL bello (= pulcro, formoso, decoro, gentile, commodo, utile, sano), Eo Io Ro FN bela, IN Ui bel, Ie bell, NL bel(i), Ia belle, ER bele, IG decoro.
 * beauty (n.) || pulkro-yi || L pulcritūdō -inis, L fōrma -ae, L decor -ris, VL bellitās -ātis, F beauté, S belleza || IL pulcritudine, IG decoro.
 * because (conj. = for the reason that) || qaru || L quia, L quod, L quō, L quoniam, L nam, L causā (+ gen.), F car [&lt; L quare], I perché, S P porque, Ca perquè, F parce que || IL quia, IL nam, Ia proque, Ia perque, Eo ER Io L pro ke, Ie Ro pro que, Ui par.
 * because of (pre. phr.) || proptu || L ob, L propter (+ acc.), L causa (+ gen.), S por, S a causa de, I a causa di || IL propter (= per causa de), Ia a causa de, Eo ER Io Ie NL Ro pro, FN par.
 * become (v. = begin to be) || fia || L fiō - fierī (used as passive of L facio -ere), L deveniō -īre, F Oc devenir, I divenire, Ca esdevenir, P Ca tornar-se, Ro deveni, Oc endevenir, G werden, Du worden, Sw bliva, Da blive || IL fi (= es futuro, veni ad es, incipe ad es, se fac, es facto, eveni), Ro fier, IN deveniar, Io divenar, NL FN deveni, Ia devenir, Ro deventioner, Ro -ecer, NL bli, IG gene, IG proto eque, Ui vido, Eo fariĝi, ER fariska, Ia facer se.
 * 🛏️ bed (n.) || lekti || L lectus -i, L torus, L cubīle, Gr kline, I letto, F lit, Ca llit, S P cama, P leito, S lecho, Oc lièch, Ro pat, G bett, Du bed, Sw säng, Da seng || IL Ia Ro lecto, IL cubile, Eo ER Io lito, Ie lette, NL lite, FN leto, Ui led, IG clinica, IN bed.
 * bedroom (n.) || lekti-cámeri || L cubiculum; L dormitorium &gt; S dormitorio || IL dormitorio (= cubiculo).
 * 🐝 bee (n.) || api || L apis -is, L apicula -ae, P abelha, Ca abella, F abeille, S abeja, G biene, Sw Da bi, Du bij || IL ape (= Zool. « apis mellifera »).
 * beech (n.) || fagi || L fagus &gt; I faggio; G Buche || IL fago (= Bot. « fagus silvatica »).
 * beehive (n. = a dome-shaped or boxlike structure in which bees are kept) || api-teki || L alvearium, I arnia, S colmena, F ruche, Gr kypseleh || Ro apuyo.
 * 🍺 beer (n. = alcoholic drink made from malt and hops) || cervesi || L cervesia –ae &gt; S cerveza, P cerveja, Ca cervesa; G Du bier, I birra, F bière, Oc bièrra, Ro bere, Tu bira, Gr bbýra (&lt; VL biber ‘drink, beverage’); Sw öl, Da Nw øl; Ru pivo || IL cervisia, Ia bira, Eo biero, Io biro.
 * before (pre. = earlier than) || antu || L ante (+ acc.), L prae, L pro (+ abl.), VL abante, G vor, Du voor, Da før, Sw före || IL Io Ia NL Ro IN Ie FN ante, IL præ, IG pre, Eo antaŭ, ER antu, Ui for.
 * before (adv. = earlier, formerly) || ante || L ante, L antea, L prius, VL abante S P antes, F avant, Ca abans, I prima || IL antea, IL ante, IL ante id, IN anteriore, Io Ro antee, Ie antey, NL anteu, Ia avante, Ia antea, FN a ante, IG pre, Eo antaŭe, Ui dafòr.
 * before (conj. = prior to the time than) || antu qandu || L antequam, L priusquam, P antes que, S antes de que, F avant que, Ca abans que, I prima che, G bevor || Ie Ia Ro ante que, Io NL ante ke, FN ante cuando, Eo antaŭ ol kiam.
 * before (pre. = in front of) || frontu || L ante (+ acc.), I davanti, Ca davant, S delante, F devant, P diante, I innanzi || IL ante, IG antero, Io avan, NL devan, Ro abante di, Ui pro.
 * before (adv. = in front), ahead || fronte || L ex adverso, S delante || Io avane, NL devanu, Ro abante, Ie in avan.
 * before (pre. = in the presence of) || koru || L cōram [+ abl.] ||
 * begin (v. = carry out or experience the first part of an action or activity) || incipia || L coepī, L incipiō -ere (&lt; in capere), L incohō -āre, L ordior, L initiō -āre, L initium faciō, VL *cominitiare, I iniziare, S iniciar, F initier, F commencer, S comenzar, P começar, Ca començar, I cominciare, Du G beginnen, Da begynde || IL NL initia (IL = da initio, incipe), IL incipe (= initia, inchoa, ordi, fac exordio, da origine, da principio), IL inchoa, Ia inciper, Eo inici, Io Ie iniciar, Ia initiar, Ui inìzo, Eo komenci, ER komenza, IN komensar, Io komencar, Ie comensar, NL komensa, Ia comenciar, FN comensa, Ro cominitier, FN comensa, IG proto, IG gene proto, IG date proto.
 * beginning (n. = the time or place where something starts) || initi || L inceptiō –ōnis; L initium -ī &gt; I inizio, S inicio, F commencement, Ca començament, S comienzo, P começo; L principium &gt; I S principio, P princípio, Ca principi; F début; G Anfang, Du aanvang; G Beginn, Du begin, Sw begynnelse, Da begyndelse || IL initio (= principio, exordio), IL Ia principio (IL = initio, elemento, fundamento), Ui inìz, Eo Io komenco, ER komenzo, IN komens, Ie comense, NL komenso, Ia comenciamento, Ro cominitio, FN comensa, IG proto.
 * beginning (n. = the first part of something) || initio-parti ||
 * behave (v.) || komporta || L (se) gero –ere; L porto -are, L comporto -are &gt; F se porter, I comportarsi, S comportarse, G sich behaben || IL gere (= fer, porta, exerce, fac, administra), FN condui, Eo konduti, Io kondutar, Ia comportar se, Ro comporter, IG acte.
 * behaviour, (USA) behavior (n.) || komporta-yi || L mores; L facta; MeL conductus &gt; S conducta, F conduite, I condotta, P conduta; S comportamiento; G Benehmen, Da opførsel, Du gedrag, Sw uppförande || IL gestu (= ton gere, modo de gere se, motu expressivo de corpore), Eo Io konduto, ER konduito, IN kondukt, Ie conduida, Ia conducto, NL konduite, Ui bedutad, FN condui, Ro comporto, Ia comportamento, IG acte.
 * behind (pre.) || retru || L post (+ acc.), L retro, S detrás de, I dietro || IL IG retro, FN a retro de, IN po, Ia post, FN pos, Ia detra, Ro detro, Eo malantaŭ, NL hinter, Ui berù.
 * behind (adv.) || retre || L postius, L pone; L retro ||
 * Beijing (geo.) || lu beijing || Ch Běijīng, L Pechinum, I Pechino, Gr Pekíno, G Peking, S Pekín, F Pékin, Ru Pekin.
 * 🇧🇾 Belarus (geo. = Republic of Belarus) || lu belaruso-landi || L Ruthenia Alba, L Russia Alba, L Belorussia, L Albarussia, Ru Bel Belar u s’ (Republika Byelarus’).
 * Belarusian (geo. a.) || geo-belaruso || L ruthenica alba ||
 * Belgian (geo. a.) || geo-belgo || L Belgicus, L Belgia, S Belga ||
 * 🇧🇪 Belgium (geo. = Kingdom of Belgium; adopted 1830 as the name of a new nation formed from the southern part of the former United Kingdom of the Netherlands) || lu belgo-landi || L Belgæ (a Celtic tribe), L Belgium, L Belgia, L Belgica, I Belgio, Du België (Koninkrijk België), F Belgique (Royaume de Belgique), G Belgien (Königreich Belgien), Sw Da Belgien, S P Bélgica ||
 * Belgrade (geo.) || lu beograd || Sr Da Nw Beograd (lit. “white city”), Ru Po Bu G Sw Ro Ca Oc Belgrad, I S P Du Belgrado, F Belgrade, Gr Beligrádi, L Belogradum, L Belgradum || Eo Beogrado, Ia Ie NL Beograd.
 * belief (n.) || kreda-yi || L fides, L opinio, L persuasio, L religio, G Glaube || IL credentia (= credito, fide), FN crede.
 * believe (v.) || kreda || L crēdō -ere [+ dat.] &gt; I credere, S creer, P crer, F croire, Ro crede, Ca creure, Oc creire; G glauben, Du geloven; Sw Da tro || IL FN crede (IL = da corde, habe fide), Eo kredi, ER NL kreda, IN Io kredar, Ie Ia Ro creder, Ui kreo, IG esthe credo.
 * 🇧🇿 Belize (geo., formerly British Honduras) || lu belizo-landi || L Beliza ||
 * 🔔 bell (n.) || kampani || L tintinnabulum -ī, L campana -ae || IL tintinnabulo.
 * belly (n.) || ventri || L venter -tris, L alvus -ī, L abdomen -minis || IL ventre, IL alvo, IL abdomen.
 * below (pre. = at a lower level than) || infru, subtu || L sub, L subter, L īnfrā (+ acc.), VL subta ||
 * below (adv. = at a lower level) || infre, subte || L īnfrā, L deorsum, L subter ||
 * bench (n.1 = long seat for more than one person) || skamni || L scamnum, L sedīle, I panchina, S P banco, F Ca banc, Ro banca G Bank, Sw bänk, Da bÆnk, Nw benk, Du zitbank || Io benko.
 * bend (v.1.1 = make curved) || flekta || L flectō –ere, L curvo || IL flecte (= plica, curva).
 * bend (v.1.2 = become curved) || fia flekta-zo || L flector, L curvor || IL flecte (= plica, curva).
 * beneficent (a. = doing or resulting in good) || benéfiko || L beneficus -a -um ||
 * benefit (v.1 = receive an advantage; profit) || lukra || L lucror -ari ||
 * benefit (v.2 = bring advantage to) || profikia || L iuvo –are; L prosum (+ dat.) ||
 * 🇧🇯 Benin (geo. = Republic of Benin) || lu benino-landi || L Beninum (Respublica Beninensis), F Le Bénin (République du) ||
 * Berlin (geo.) || lu berlin || G Sw Nw Da F Ru Berlin, S Berlín, P Berlim, Du Berlijn, I Berlino, L Berolinum, Gr Berolíno.
 * beryllium (n. = chemical element #4 [Be], &lt; Gr beryllos, a precious stone where it was first found 1797) || berilli || MoL G Du Sw beryllium, F béryllium, I berillio, S berilio, P berílio, Ro beriliu, Tu berilyum, Gr bihrúllio, || Ia beryllium, Eo Io berilio.
 * beside (pre.1 = at the side of; next to) || juxtu || L iuxta ||IL juxta (= apud, prope, proximo, contra, ad, secundo).
 * beside (or besides) (pre.3 = as well as) || etu ||
 * besides (adv. = as well) || ete ||
 * best (a.1 = of the highest quality) || óptimo, maxime-bono || L optimus -a -um, L praestantissimus -a -um || IL optimo (= excellente, bono supra omni, ultra bono), Ia optime, Ie optim, Io maxim bona, Ie max bon, NL maxim bon(i), Ro máxim bona, FN la plu bon, IG maxima eu.
 * betray (v.) || trada || L trādō -ere &gt; I tradire, P Ca Oc trair, F trahir, S traicionar; L prodo -ere ||
 * betrayer (n.) || trada-pei || L traditor -ris &gt; I traditore; L proditor ||
 * better (a.) || melioro (= mage bono) || L melior -ius (gen. meliōris), L potior -ius, L praestantior -ius, L superior -ius || IL meliore (= magis bono).
 * between (pre. = at, across, or in the space or period separating (two things)) || interu || L inter (+ acc.), L in mediō (+ gen.), F S P Ca entre, I tra, I fra, G zwischen, Du tussen, Sw mellan, Da mellem || IL Eo ER Io Ie NL IG Ia Ro inter, IL in medio, IN intr, FN entre, Ui intra.
 * 🧃 beverage (n.) || potioni || L pōtiō -ōnis, L potus || IL potione, IL bibito.
 * beware (v.) || kavea || L caveo -ēre || IL cave (= es cauto, habe cautela, sume præcautione).
 * beyond (pre.1 = at or to the further side of) || ultru || L ultra, L trans, L suprā, L praeter, F au delà de, S más allá de, I al di là di, I oltre || IL IN Ie IG Ia FN ultra, Io Ro ultre de, NL ulter, IL præter (= ultra), Eo ER Io Ia Ro preter, Ie préter, Eo ER IN Io Ie NL Ia trans, Ui uve, IG apo.
 * beyond (pre.2 = outside the range or limits of) || preteru || L praeter ||
 * 🇧🇹 Bhutan (geo. = Kingdom of Bhutan) || lu butano-landi || L Butania (Regnum Butaniae), Dzo Druk Yyl (Druk Gyal Khap), I G Bhutan, S Bután, Gr Mpoután ||
 * the Bible (hist.) || lu bibli || L Biblia (&lt; Gr biblion, pl. biblia ("papers, book", &lt; Gr Byblos (Phoenician port from which Egyptian paporus was exported, at modern Jebeil, Lebanon)), S Biblia, P Ca Oc Bíblia, Ro Biblie, I Bibbia, F Bible || IL biblia.
 * 🚴 bicycle (n. = two-wheeled vehicle propelled by pedals) || bicikli || L birota -ae, I bicicletta, F bicyclette, S P Ro Ca Oc bicicleta, Gr podíhlato, Ru belosipyed, G Fahrrad, Du fiets ||
 * big (a. = large) || grando ||
 * 👙 bikini (n. 1947, from Bikini, the Marshall Islands atoll) || bikini ||
 * bilabial (a.) || bilabi-yo || L bilabialis ||
 * bile (n.1 = fluid produced by the liver) || bili || L bilis &gt; S bilis, I bile || IL bile.
 * bilingual (a.) || biglossi-yo || L bilinguis ||
 * billion (n1. = a thousand million) (&lt; F billion) || billiono || I biliardo, F billard.
 * bind (v.1 = firmly tie, wrap, or fasten) || liga || L ligō -āre ||
 * bind (v.2 = hold together in a united group or mass) || nekta || L necto -ere ||
 * bind (v.3 = place under a legal obligation) || legi-obliga || L obligō -āre ||
 * 🐦 bird (n.) || avi || L avis -is, VL avicellus, L volucris, L ales, I uccello, Ca ocell (&lt; aucell), F oiseau, P pássaro, S pájaro, G Du vogel, Da fugl, Sw fågel, Gk ornis, gen. ornithos || IL Ia ave, Ie avie, FN avia, IG avi, IN ornit, Eo birdo, ER ukcelo, Io ucelo, NL fogle, Ui ovel/ovle.
 * birth (n.) || naska-yi || L partus, L ortus, I P nascimento, S nacimiento, F naissance, Ca naixement, Oc naissement, Ro naştere || IL nascentia, FN nase.
 * 🎂 birthday (n. = the anniversary of the day on which a person was born) || naska-di || L dies natalis &gt; I natalicio; I compleanno, S cumpleaños; P aniversário, F anniversaire; G Gebutstag, Du verjaardag; Gr genéthlia || Eo naskiĝtago, Io naskodio, Ia anniversario, Ro naç-aniversario.
 * 🍪 biscuit (n. = small, flat, crisp cake) || biskoti ||
 * bisexual (a.) || bisexi-yo || Gr amphiphylóphilos ||
 * bisexuality (n.) || bisexi-yi (instead of bisexi-yo-yi) || Gr amphiphylóphilos ||
 * bit (n.1 = small piece or quantity) || frusti || L frustum, L offa, L offula ||
 * bite (v.) || mordea || L mordeō -ēre, I mordere, S P morder, F mordre, Sw bita, Da bide, Du bijten, G beissen || IL morde.
 * bite (n.) || mordea-yi || L morsus -ūs || IL morsu (= ton morde).
 * bitter (a.1 = having a sharp taste; not sweet) || amaro || L amarus -a -um ||
 * 🏴 black (a.) || nigro || L niger -gra -grum &gt; S P negro, Ca Oc negre, Ro negru, I nero, F noir; L ater -tra -trum; P prêto, G schwarz, Du zwart, Sw svart, Da sort; Gr melas, (gen.) melanos || IL nigro, IL atro (= nigro, obscuro), Eo Io Ro nigra, IN negr, ER Ia nigre, Ie NL nigri, FN negra, Ui nar, IG melano.
 * 👨‍🦯 blind (a.) || ceko || L caecus -a -um ||
 * blindness (n.) || ceko-yi ||
 * 👱 blond (a.) || flavo || L flavus, MeL blundus, F Ro G Du Sw Da Nw blond, I biondo, S rubio, Ca ros, P loiro || Eo blonda.
 * 🩸 blood (n.1 = red liquid circulating in the arteries and veins) || sánguini, hémati || L sanguīs -inis &gt; I P sangue, F Ca sang, S sangre; L cruor -ris; Gr haima, gen. haimatos; G Blut, OE Sw Da blod, Du bloed; Ru krov’ || IL Ia sanguine, IL cruore, IL hæma(te), Eo ER Io sango, IN sanguin, NL sange, Ie FN sangue, Ro sánguino, IG haema, Ui glod.
 * blow (v.1 = (of wind) move; v.2 = send out air with pursed lips) || suffla || L flō flāre, S soplar, P soprar (&lt; L sufflare "puff up," lit. "blow from under") || IL fla, IL suffla.
 * blow (n.1 = act of blowing) || suffla-yi ||
 * blow (n.2 = stroke with the hand or a weapon) || perkuta-yi || L percussus -us; Gr kolaphos, L colaphus, VL colapus, MeL colpus, I colpo, OF colp, F coup, Ca cop, S P golpe; Sw Da Du slag, G schlag, G Streich || Ie colpe, FN colpa, IG impacto.
 * 🟦 blue (a.) || ceruleo (= light blue), ciano (= dark blue) || L caeruleus -a -um, L caerulus -a -um (&lt; caelulus), L cyan(e)us (&lt; Gr kyanos "dark blue"), Sw Da blå, Du blauw, G Ca blau, I blu, F bleu (&lt; Frank *blao), I azzurro, S P azul (&lt; MeL (lapis) lazuli "(stone of) azure", &lt; Ar (al)-lazuward, &lt; Pers Lajward (a place in Turkestan where the lapis lazuli was collected)) || IL cæruleo (= de colore de cælo), IL cæsio, IL cyaneo, IG cyano, Eo Io blua, ER blue, IN Ie NL Ui blu, NL blu(i), Ia blau, Ro blava, Ia azur.
 * 🐗 boar (n.1 = wild pig with tusks) || apri || L aper - aprī; L sūs scrofa (fera); L verrēs/rris; I cinghiale, F sanglier, Oc singlar, Ca senglar; S jabalí, P javali; G Wildschwein, Du wild swijn, Sw Da vildsvin, Nw villsvin || IL Eo Io apro (IL = porco silvestre), FN senglar.
 * board (n.1 = long, thin, flat piece of sawn wood) || tábuli || L tabula -ae ||
 * 🚣 boat (n.) || batelli || G Du boot, Sw båt; MeL batellus &gt; I battello, F bateau; MeL barca (&lt; Gr baris) &gt; S Ca barca; L navigium || -.
 * body (n.) || kórpori, sómati || L corpus -poris, VL corpus -pī &gt; I P corpo, S cuerpo, F corps, Ro corp, Ca cos, Oc còs, G körper, Sw kropp, Da krop; Sw lik, Du lijk, Du lichaam, Da lig, G Leiche; Gr sóma/-ta || IL Ia corpore, Eo ER Io korpo, FN corpo, IN Ui korp, Ie córpor, NL korpore, Ro córporo, IG soma.
 * boil (v.) || fervea || L ferveo -ēre, L effervesco -ere, L aestuo -āre, L exaestuo -āre || IL ferve (= es fervente, es fervido, habe fervore, es in fermento, bulli, es calido), IL bulli (= emitte bullas).
 * bold (a.1 = confident and brave) || audaco || L audax –acis; L fortis; L impavidus; L intrepidus ||
 * boldness (n.) || audaco-yi ||
 * 🇧🇴 Bolivia (geo. = Plurinational State of Bolivia) || lu bolivio-landi || L Bolivia (Resp publica Boliviae, from Simon Bolívar), S Bolivia (Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia), Gua Mborivia, Que Buliwya, Aym Wuliwya ||
 * Bolivian (geo. a.) || geo-bolivio || L bolivianus -a -um ||
 * 💣 bomb (n.) || bombi || L bomba, L pyrobolus, L globus ignivomus, L globus displodens, I S P Ca Oc Ro Sw Ru Sr Po Tu bomba, F G Da Nw bombe, Gr bómba, Sw bomb, Du bom || Eo Io bombo.
 * 🦴 bone (n.) || ossi || L ōs - ossis, VL ossum -ī &gt; I P osso, F Ro Ca Oc os, S hueso; Gr osteon; Sw ben, Du been, Da ben, G Bein; G Knochen, Da knokkel; Ru kost’, Sr Cr Cz kost, Po kość || IL Ie osse, Eo Io osto, ER FN Ro oso, IN os, NL ose, IG ostea, Ia osso, Ui kos.
 * bond (n.1 = force or feeling that links people) || vínkuli || L vinculum -ī, L nodus, L copula, L catena || IL vinculo.
 * 📖 book (n.) || bibli || L liber -brī, L libellus -ī, I S libro, P livro, F livre, Ca llibre, Oc libre, L volumen -minis, L codex -dicis, Gr biblion, Ro carte, Sw bok, Da bog, G Buch, Du boek || IL Eo ER Io Ia FN libro, IN libr, Ie NL libre, IL biblio, IG bibli, Ui bib.
 * 👢 boot (n.) || kaligi || L calceus -i, L caliga -ae ||
 * bore (v.1 = make someone feel weary and unenthusiastic by being dull) || tedio-fica ||
 * bore (v.2 = make a hole with a drill or other tool) || fora || L forō -āre, L perforō -āre || IL fora, IL perfora.
 * boredom (n.) || tedi || L taedium ||
 * born (a.) || nasca-zo || L natus -a -um ||
 * boron (n. = chemical element #5 [B], &lt; borax) || bori || MoL borium, I S P boro, F bore, G Sw Ro Tu Ru bor, Du boor, Gr bório || IL Ia Eo boro (IL = elemento ex borace, in Chemia « B »; detecto in 1807), Io borono, NL bore.
 * borrow (v.) || mutue-suma || L mūtuor -ārī, L mūtuum sūmō -ere || IL mutua (= sume in mutuo).
 * borrowing (n.) || mutue-suma-yi ||
 * 🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina (geo.) || lu bosnio-herzegovino-landi || L Bosnia et Herzegovina, Bos Sr Cr Bosna i Hercegovina ||
 * Bosnian (geo. a.) || geo-bosnio || L bosnicus -a -um ||
 * botany (n.) || botániki || L botanica -ae || IL botanica (⊂ Gr botánikē, ⊂ botánē = herba, planta).
 * both (det.) || ambo || L ambō -ae -ō &gt; S ambos, I ambedue, I entrambi, Ro ambii, Ca ambdos, Oc ambdús; L uterque; F les deux; P tanto; Da bagge, Sw båda, G Du beide || IL ambo (= omni duo), Eo ambaŭ, ER Ie NL ambi, Ia ambe, FN ambos, Ro amba, Io la du, IN omni du, IG bi.
 * both (adv.) || ambe ||
 * bottle (n.) || ampulli || L ampulla, MoL flasca || IL ampulla.
 * bottom (n.) || fundi || L fundus &gt; P fundo, I S fondo, F Ro fond, Ca Oc fons || IL fundo (= terra, possessione, fundamento, basi).
 * 🇧🇼 Botswana (geo. = Republic of Botswana) || lu botswano-landi || L Botsuana (Respublica Botsuanae), Tsw Botswana (Lefatshe la Botswana) ||
 * bow (n.) || arki || L arcus -ūs || IL arcu.
 * 🍜 bowl (n.) || bouli || F S bol; I ciotola; S cuenco; P tigela; G Schüssel, Sw Da skål; Ch wǎn ||
 * box (n.) || buxi || L cista -ae, L arca -ae, L capsa -ae, S caja, P Ca caixa, F châsse, Ca capsa, Ro cutie, F boîte, I scatola, Gr pyxis, LaL buxis, G Büchse, Gr kiste, G Sw kiste, Du kist, Gr theke || IL cista (= corbe), ILcapsa, ILarca (= scrinio, capsa), IN kaset, Ia cassa, FN caxa, NL kase, Io buxo, Ie buxe, NL boxe, Ia pyxide, Ui bok, Eo ER Io kesto, IN kest, Ie chest, NL keste, Eo skatolo, ER skatlo, IN skatul, IG theca.
 * 🥊 boxing (n. = the sport or practice of fighting with the fists, especially with padded gloves in a roped square ring …) || boxi-pugni || L pugilatio, I pugilato, Gr pugmachía, S boxeo, F P boxe, Ca boxa, Oc bòxa, Ro box, G boxen, Du boksen, Nw boksing, Sw boxning, Da boksning, Ru Sr Tu boks ||.
 * 👦 boy (n.) || pueri || L puer -rī || IL puero (= homo de 7 ad 14 anno).
 * bra (n. = an undergarment worn by women to support the breasts; abbreviation of brassiere, from French brassière, literally ‘bodice, child's vest’) || pektori-vesti (lit. ‘breast-wear’) || L strophium, L fascia pectoralis, L taenia pectoralis, L reticulus pectoralis, Gr stehthódesmos, S sostén, F soutien-gorge, Ro sutien, P sutiâ, Tu sütyen, Ca solstenidor, I reggiseno, G Büstenhalter, Da brystholder, Nw brysthaldar, Sw BH, Du beha ||
 * bracket (n.) || paréntesi || L parenthesis -is &gt; S paréntesis.
 * 🧠 brain (n.) || cerebri || L cerebrum, S cerebro, P cérebro, I cervello, Ca cervell, Oc cervèl, F cerveau, Gr egkéfalos, G Gehirn, Nw Da hjerne, Sw hjärna, Du hersenen ||
 * branch (n.) || rami || L rāmus, VL rama &gt; I P ramo, S rama, Ro ram; LaL branca ("footprint, paw, claw") &gt; Ca Oc branca, F branche||
 * brave (a. = having or showing courage) || valento || L fortis, L audax, L animosus, S valiente, Ca valent, I bravo (&lt; L pravus, MeL bravus "bad, wicked") || IL valido (= forte, robusto, que vale), IL valente.
 * 🥖 bread (n.) || pani || L panis -īs, S pan, I pane, P pão, F pain, Ro pâine, Ca pà, G Brot, Du brood, Sw bröd, Da brød || IL pane.
 * 🇧🇷 Brazil (geo. = Federative Republic of Brazil) || lu brazilio-landi || L Brasilia (Res publica Federativa Brasiliae) (&lt; L Caesalpinia brasiliensis), P Brasil (República Federativa do Brasil), S Ca Oc Nw Brasil, Bra Sr Brazil, Ro Brazilia, I Brasile, F Brésil, G Da Sw Brasilien, Du Brazilië, Gr Brazilía, Ru Braziliya || Eo Brazilo, Eo Brazilia, NL Brasilia, Ie Ia Brasil.
 * Brazilian (geo. a.) || geo-brazilio || L Brasiliensis.
 * break (v.1 = separate into pieces as a result of a blow or strain) || franga || L frangō -ere, L rumpō -ere, I rompere, S P romper, F Ca rompre, F casser, Du breken, Da brække, Sw bryta, G zerbrechen || IL frange, IL rumpe, Eo rompi, ER rompa, Io ruptar, Ie Ro rupter, NL rupte, Ia rumper, FN rompe, IN frangar, Ie fracter, Ia franger, Ui breko, IG stimule fracto.
 * break (v.2 = stop functioning or working) || funktiona-cessa || L frangor, L desino ||
 * break (n.1 = pause, gap, or short rest) || intermissioni || L intermissio ||
 * break (n.2 = instance of breaking, or the point where something is broken) || frakturi || L fractura -ae, LaL fractiō -ōnis, F cassure || IL fractura, IN frangad, IG fracto, FN rompe, Eo ER rompo, Io NL rupto, Io interrupto, Ie Ia ruptura, Ia rumpimento, Ui brek, Ui brekad.
 * break (n. = action of breaking something) || franga-yi || L fractura ||
 * breast (n.1 = either of the two organs on a woman’s chest which produce milk after pregnancy) || mammi || L pectus -oris &gt; I petto, S pecho, P peito, Ca pit, F poitrine; L mamma -ae, L papilla -ae, L ūber –eris; Da bryst, Sw bröst, Du borst, G Brust || IL mamilla, IL mamma (= organo que cerne lacte).
 * breast (n.2 = a person’s or animal’s chest) || péktori || L pectus -oris &gt; I petto, S pecho, P peito, Ca pit, F poitrine || IL pectore.
 * breath (n.1 = air taken into or sent out of the lungs) || áliti (= aeri respirad) || L halitus, L spiritus, L flatus, L anima ||
 * breath (n.2 = act of breathing in or out) || respira-yi ||
 * breathe (v.1 = take air into the lungs and send it out again) || respira || L spīrō -āre, L respīrō -āre, I respirare, S P Ca Oc respirar, F respirer, Ro respira || IL spira, IL respira.
 * 🧱 brick (n.) || briki (&lt; F brique) || L later -ris, S ladrillo, I mattone, Ca maó, Oc brica, F brique (probably of Germanic origin), P tijolo, Gr toúblo || ILlatere, Eo Io briko.
 * 👰 bride (n.) || (feo-nupti || L sponsa, L nupta, L nympha || IL sponsa (= femina sponso (= qui e sponde matrimonio)), IL nupta (&lt; nube = fi sponsa).
 * bridge (n.) || ponti || L pōns -ntis &gt; I P ponte, F Ca Oc pont, S puente, Ro punte; G Brücke, Du brug, Sw Da bro || IL ponte (= via trans fluvio).
 * bridle (n.) || eqi-freni || L frenum -i ||
 * brief (a.) || brevo || L brevis -e || IL breve.
 * 🩲 briefs (n. pl. = short, close-fitting underpants or knickers; from F, from L brevis ‘short’) || brevo-braki || L subligatura, I F S G slip, P cueca slip, Sw kalsonger, Ru brífi ||
 * bright (a.) || spléndido || L clārus -a -um, L lucidus -a -um, L splendidus -a -um, L nitidus -a -um, L candidus -a -um, L fulgidus -a -um, Gr leukos, G blank.
 * 🔆 brightness (n.) || splendido-yi || L splendor, L nitor, L fulgor.
 * bring (v.) || affera || L ferō - ferre, L afferō -rre, L inferō -rre, S traer, P trazer (&lt; L trahere “pull, draw”) || IL apporta (= porta ad), IL affer (= fer ad), Ui apero, Eo alporti, IN ad-portar, Io adportar, Ie aportar, Ia apportar, Ro adportationer.
 * Britain (geo.) || lu britano-landi || L Britannia, L Brittania, S Bretaña || IG Britain.
 * 🇬🇧 British (geo. a.) || geo-britano || L Brittani (&lt; L Britto -nis "Briton", &lt; Celtic *Brittos, name of the Celtic inhabitants of Britain before the 5c. Anglo-Saxon invasion drove them into Wales, Cornwall, etc.), I britanico, S británico, P britânico, F britannique, Ca britànic, G Britisch, Sw brittisk || Eo brita, IN britanian*, Io Britana, NL britani, Ia britannic, FN brites, Ui Britan, Ro Britaniana, IG Britain.
 * 🥦 broccoli (n.) || brókkoli || I broccolo/-i, Ro Sw Du Da broccoli, Gr mprókolo, S brócoli, P brócolis, F brocoli, G Nw Ru brokkoli, Tu brokoli ||
 * broken (a.) || franga-zo, rumpa-zo || L fractus, L intermissus, L dirutus, L (ab)ruptus.
 * 🥉 bronze (n.1 = yellowish-brown alloy of copper and tin) || bronzi || L aes - aeris; MeL bronzium &gt; S bronce, Du Sw brons, Nw bronse, Ro Tu bronz, Ca Da F G Oc P bronze, I bronzo; Gr kratéroma || Eo Io bronzo, IL æs (= primo metallo uso ab homine, combinatione de cupro et stanno ; metallo in generale; primo moneta ex ære).
 * brook (n. = small stream) || parvo-rivi ||
 * 🧹 broom (n.) || skopi || L scopae (pl.), I scopa, S escoba, G skoúpa, F balai, P vassoura |
 * brother (n.) || fratri || L frāter -tris &gt; Ro frate, P frade, F Oc frère, I fratello; L germānus -ī &gt; Ca germà, S hermano, P irmão; Sw Da broder, Du broeder, G Bruder, Cz bratr || IL Ie Ia fratre, Eo ER frato, IN fratr, Io fratulo, NL Ro fratro, FN frate, Ui frat, Ro jermaniçho, IG (an) sibi.
 * brotherly (a.) || fraterno ||
 * brotherhood (n.1 = the relationship between brothers) || fraterno-yi ||
 * brotherhood (n.3 = group linked by a shared interest) || fraterno-grupi ||
 * 🟫 brown (a.1 = of the colour of rich soil) || fulvo || L fulvus -a –um; I marrone, S marrón, P marrom, Ca marró, Ro maro; F Oc Sw Da brun, Du bruin, G braun || IL fulvo (= colore viride-rubro, de leone, flavo obscuro), Eo Io Ro bruna, Ia brun.
 * 🇧🇳 Brunei (/bru'nai/) (geo. = Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace) || lu bruneio-landi || L Bruneium (Natio Bruneii, Loci Paci), Mal Brunei (Negara Brunei Darussala), I F G Brunei, S Brunéi, Gr Mprounéi ||
 * Brussels (geo.) || lu brussell || L Bruxellae, F I Da Bruxelles, Du Brussel, G Brüssel, S Bruselas ||
 * Bucharest (geo.) || lu bukarest || L Buchurestum, L Bucaresta &gt; I S F Bucarest, G Bukarest, Ro București, Gr Boukourésti; L Hilariopolis ||
 * bud (n. = growth on a plant which develops into a leaf or flower) || gérmini || L germen –minis; L calyx ||
 * Budapest (geo.) || lu budapest || L Budapestinum, Hu I S F G Budapest, Gr Voudapéstih ||
 * budget (n.1 = estimate of income and spending for a set period, &lt; OF bougette, &lt; OF bouge, &lt; L bulga "leather bag") || bulgetti || F P G Sw budget, Ro buget, S presupuesto, Ca presupost, I bilancio || Eo budĝeto, Io budjeto, Ie budgete, NL budjete, Ia budget, Ui budʒet, IG plano de pecunio.
 * bulb (n.1 = the rounded base of the stem of some plants) || bulbi || L bulbus &gt; I S P bulbo, F bulbe, Ro Ca Oc bulb ||
 * 💡 bulb (&amp; light bulb) (n.2 = glass ball giving light in an electric lamp) || lampadini || L lampas electrica, L lucerna electrica, P lâmpada, Oc lampa, I lampadina, Gr lamptíhras, Ru lampochka; S bombilla, Ca bombeta; F ampoule, I ampolla, Tu ampul; Ro bec; G (Glüh)birne, Du (gloei)lamp, Sw (glöd)lampa, Da (lys) pære, Nw lyspære || Eo Io ampolo, Ia ampulla, Ro ampulo.
 * build (v.) || edífika || L struō -ere, L construō -ere, L aedificō -āre, I costruire, S Ca construir, F bâtir, G bauen, Du bouwen, Sw bygga, Da bygge, L aedificare || Eo konstrui, ER konstrua, Io konstruktar, Ie Ro constructer, NL konstrukte, Ia struer, Ia construer, Ui struo, FN construi, IN edifisiar, Ia edificar, IG facte.
 * 🏢 building (n.) || edifiki || L constructio -onis, F construction, I costruzione, L aedificium, S edificio, P edifício, Ca edifici || Eo konstruaĵo, Io konstrukturo, Ie construction, NL konstruktione, Ro constructajo, FN construida, IN edifisi, NL edifise, Ie edificie, Ia edificio, Ia edification, IG domi.
 * 🇧🇬 Bulgaria (geo. = Republic of Bulgaria) || lu bulgaro-landi || L Bulgaria, Bu Bǎlgariya (Republika Bǎlgariya).
 * Bulgarian (geo. a.) || geo-búlgaro || L Bulgaricus -a -um, MeL Bulgarus -a -um, S búlgaro -a.
 * Bulgarian (lang.) || lu bulgaro-glossi || L Lingua Bulgarica, Bu Balgarski.
 * bull (n.) || tauri, mao-bovi || L taurus -ī, S toro, L bōs - bovis || IL tauro (= bove mas).
 * bundle (n.) || fasci || L fascis -is, I fascio, I fascina, F faix, F faisceau, F fascine, P feixe, Ca feix, S haz, G Bündel || IL tauro (= bove mas).
 * 🍔 burger (n. = hamburger) || hambúrgeri ||
 * 🇧🇫 Burkina Faso (geo.) || lu burcina-faso-landi || L Burcina Faso ||
 * burn (v.1 (intr.) = flame or glow while using up a fuel) || ardea, flagra || L ardeō -ēre, L flagrō -āre, Gr phlegein || IL arde, IL flagra.
 * 🔥 burn (v.2 (tr.) = harm or destroy by fire) || incenda || L ūro -ere, L *būro -ere, L combūro -ere, L cremo -āre, L incendo -ere, Du branden, G brennen.
 * burning (n.) || incenda-yi || L ustio, L adustio, L combustio, L deflagratio, L incendium ||
 * 🇧🇮 Burundi (geo. = Republic of Burundi) || lu burundio-landi || L Burundia (Respublica Burundiensis), F Burundi (Republique du Burundi) ||
 * bus (n. = large vehicle carrying customers along a fixed route) || autobusi, busi || S autobús, S bus ||
 * business (n.) || negoti || L negōtium (lit. "not leisure," &lt; L ōtium) &gt; S negocio || IL IG negotio, IN negosi.
 * but (conj.1 = nevertheless) || sedu || L sed, L ast, L at, L autem, L ceterum, L vero, L vērum, VL magis, F mais, I ma, P S mas, S pero, Ca però, Sw Da men, Du maar, G aber || IL Ia Eo ER sed, IN Ie NL Ia FN ma, Ia mais, Ro mas, Ui ba, IG anti re.
 * 🧈 butter (n.) || butiri || L butyrum -i, Gr boútyro, I burro, Oc burre, F beurre, G Butter, Du botter, S mantequilla, P manteiga, Ca mantega, Sw smör, Nw Da smør || IL butyro, Eo butero, Io butro.
 * 🦋 butterfly (n.) || papilioni || L papilio -iōnis, F papillon de jour, F rhopalocère, Ca papallona, S mariposa, I farfalla, P borboleta, Ro fluture, Gr petaloúda || IL papilione (= Zool. « papilio (machaon,…) »), Ia papilion, Eo tagopapilio, Ia rhopalocera.
 * 🛒 buy (v.) || kompra || L emō -ere, VL comparō/comperō -āre, I comprare, S P Ca comprar, Oc crompar, Ro cúmpara, F acheter ||
 * by (pre.1 = through the action of) || peru || L I per, VL S por, F à, F en, I in, S I a, S I con || IL Eo ER IN Io Ie NL IG Ia Ro per, FN par, Ui pa.
 * by (gram. AGENT OF PASSIVE) || peu || L a/ab, I da (maybe from VL de + ab, or from south L *dabi, *dabe, or from Osc da, dat), F par, S P por, Ca per || IL ab (= de, ex, distante, absente), Eo de, Io NL Ro da.
 * bye! (excl. [informal] = goodbye!) || adéi! ||
 * Caesar (hist.) || cáesari || L Caesar -ris ||
 * cage (n.) || kaveoli || I gabbia, Ca gàbia (&lt; L cavea, lit. "hollow place"), LaL caveola, MeL gabiola, S jaula.
 * Cairo (geo.) || lu kairo || Ar al-Qāhira (lit. "the Vanquisher, the Conqueror"), Ar Kayro, L Cairus, L Cahere, G Kairo, Gr Káiro, I Il Cairo, S El Cairo, F Le Caire, Ru Kair.
 * 🎂 cake (n.) || skribliti || L scriblita, I torta, I cake, Gr toúrta, Gr kéik, S pastel, F gâteau, Ca pastís, P bolo, G Kuchen, Du koek, Nw kake, Sw kaka, Da kage, Du taart ||
 * calcium (n. = chemical element #20 [Ca]) || kalci || L calcium &gt; F G Du Da calcium, I S calcio, P cálcio, Ro calciu, Ca Oc calci, Sw kalcium, Nw kalsium || IL calcio (= metallo ex calce; symbolo « Ca »), Ia calcium, Eo Io kalcio.
 * calculate (v.) || kálkula || L computo -are, S P Ca calcular, I calcolare, F calculer ||
 * calculus (n.) || kalkula-yi || L calculus ("pebble used as a reckoning counter; reckoning, account", &lt; L calx "limestone, small stone")||
 * 📅 calendar (n.) || kalendari || L calendarium, S calendario, P calendário, Oc calendièr, F calendrier, Ca calendari, Ro calendar, G Da Nw Sw Du kalender, Ru kalendar, Gr ihmerológio ||
 * calf (n.1 = young cow, bull, elephant, etc.) || vitelli || L vitellus, I vitello, P vitelo, Ca vedella, Oc vedèl, F veau, S ternera, S novillo, Sw Da Nw kalv, Du kalf, G Kalb, Gr poris ||
 * call (v.1 = give a specified name) || nómina || L appello -āre &gt; F appeler; L nōminō -āre || IL nomina (= da nomine), IL appella (= voca, nomina, cita, invoca), Ia appellar, IL voca (= da voce, appella, da nomine).
 * call (v.2 = cry out, esp. in order to summon someone or attract their attention) || voka || L vocō –āre; Gr kalein, L calō -āre, L clāmō -āre &gt; I chiamare, P chamar, S llamar; F appeler || IL voca (= da voce, appella, da nomine), Ia appellar, Eo voki, ER NL voka, IN Io vokar, Ie Ia vocar, Ro voquer, FN clama, Ui calo, IG acte voco.
 * 🤙 call (v.3 = contact or attempt to contact (a person or number) by phone) || telefona || I chiamare, I telefonare.
 * call (n.1 = act of calling) || voka-yi || L vocatiō -ōnis, S llamada || Ia appello, Eo ER Io NL voko, IN vokasion, FN clama, Ui cal, IG voco.
 * 🇰🇭 Cambodia (geo. = Kingdom of Cambodia) || lu kambodjo-landi || L Cambosia (Regnum Cambosiae), L Cambodia, Khm Kampuchea (prĕəh riəciənaacak kampuciə), F Cambodge, I Cambogia, S Camboya, G Kambodscha, Gr Kampótzih ||
 * 🐪 camel (n. = large mammal of desert countries, with wither one or two humps on the back; from Phoenician gamal, gimel “camel, letter gamma”) || kameli || L camēlus -i, Gr kamelos,, I cammello, S camello, Ca camell, F chameau, G Kamel || IL camelo (= Zool. « camelus »; &lt; Gr cámēlos &lt; Arabo « gemel »).
 * 📷 camera (n.) || kámeri || L machina photographica, L photomachina, I fotocamera, S cámara (fotográfica), P câmera, F appareil photographique, Gr photographikíh mihkhaníh, G Ru fotoapparat, Ro aparat fotografic || Ia camera photographic, Eo fotilo, Io kamero.
 * 🇨🇲 Cameroon (geo. = Republic of Cameroon) || lu kameruno-landi || L Cammarunia (Respublica Cammaruniae), F Cameroun (Republique du Camerou) ||
 * camp (n.1 = place where soldiers, refugees, etc. live temporarily in tents or huts) || kastri || L castrum -ī, L castra ||
 * can (aux.v. = be able to) || potea || L possum - posse - potui, VL poteo –ēre &gt; I potere, S P Ca poder, F pouvoir, Ro putea; L queo -īre || IL pote, IL potes.
 * can (aux.v. = be allowed to) || possa || L possum - posse - potui, VL poteo –ēre ||
 * 🥫 can (n.) || latti || I latta, S lata, Ca llauna; LaL canna (‘container, vessel’), Du kan, G Kanne ||
 * 🇨🇦 Canada (geo., said to be a Latinized form of a word for "village" in Iroquoian languages) || lu kanadao-landi || L F Canada, G Sw Kanada, I Ca Canadà, S Canadá ||
 * Canadian (geo. a.) || geo-kanadao || L Canadensis ||
 * canary (n.) || kanario-avi ||
 * 🇮🇨 Canary Islands (geo.) || lu plu kanario-ínsuli || L Canariae Insulae ||
 * cancer (n.) || kánceri || L cancer -crī (“crab; cancer”) &gt; F cancer, S cáncer, Ca càncer, I P cancro; G Krebs || IL carcinoma (= cancro, specie de morbo), Ia cancere, Eo Io kancero, IN kansr, Io karcinomo, Ie cáncere, NL kansre, FN canser, Ro cáncero, Ui kanker -kre.
 * candidate (n.) || kandidati || L candidatus (office-seekers in ancient Rome wore white togas), S candidato, Ca candidat || Eo Io kandidato, IN kandidat, Ie candidate, NL kandidate, Ia Ro candidato, Ui kandidàt, Eo Io aspiranto, Ie aspirante, FN aspiror, IG tentato-pe.
 * candle (n. &lt; L candela &lt; L candēre "to shine") || kandeli || L candela -ae, L cereus, I candela, S P vela, F bougie, Ro lumânare || IL candela, Eo Io kandelo.
 * 🍬 candy (US) (n. = sweets) || bellari || L bellaria; F G bonbon; I caramella, S caramelo; S golosina ||
 * 🦯 cane (n.1 = the hollow stem of tall reeds, grasses, etc.) || kanni || L arundō -inis, L calamus -ī (&lt; Gr kálamos), L canna -ae || IL canna (= calamo, baculo, tubo), IL calamo (= canna, caule, stilo, penna pro scribe).
 * 🛶 canoe (n. = a light, narrow boat with pointed ends and no keel, propelled with a paddle or paddles; mid 16th century: from S canoa, from Arawak, from Carib canaoua) || kanói || L caudica, L cumbula, L scapha, Gr kanó, F canoë, Ro Po canoe, I S P Ca canoa, G Sr kanu, Du Nw Da Tu kano, Ru kanoe, Sw kanot ||
 * 🧢 cap (n., from LaL cappa ‘cape, hooded cloak,’ perhaps from L caput ‘head’) || pili-kappi || L pil(l)eum, L pil(l)eus, I cappuccio, F casquette, P boné, S Ca gorra, Sw keps, G Mütze ||
 * 🇨🇻 Cape Verde (geo. = Republic of Cabo Verde) || lu kapi-verdo-landi || L Promontorium Viride (Res publica Capitis Viridis), P Cabo Verde (República de) ||
 * capital (city) (n.) || urbi-kápiti || L caput -pitis (= suprema civitatis urbs) ||
 * 🚘 car (n.1 = motor vehicle for a small number of people) || automóbili || MoL currus automatarius, MoL autocurrus, MoL currus automobilis, MoL autocinetum (&lt; MoG autokineto), MoL autoraeda, I F auto(mobile), S auto(móvil), P auto(móvel), Oc automobila, G Du auto, S carro, F voiture (&lt; L vectura), S coche, Ca cotxe (&lt; Hu kocsi szekér "Kocs’ carriage") || Ia carro, Ie carre, Eo aŭto(mobilo), IN automobil, Io automobilo, Ie NL automobile, Ia auto(mobile), Ro automóbilo, FN auto, Ui autò, Ie coche, Ia cochi, IG taxi.
 * car (n.2 = railway carriage) || treni-kurri ||
 * carbon (n. = chemical element #6 [C], &lt; F charbone, coined 1787 by Lavoisier, &lt; L carbo -ōnis "coal") || karboni || MoL carbonium, I carbonio, S P carbono, F carbone, Ro carbon, Tu karbon, Gr ánthrakas, Sw kol, G Kohlenstoff, Du kohlstof || Ia carbon, IL carbonio (= elemento de carbone, in Chemia cum symbolo « C »), Io NL karbo, Eo karbono.
 * 🃏 card (n.) || karti || L charta, L chartula, I S carta ||.
 * care (v.1 = feel concern or interest) || kura || L curō -āre (+ dat.) ||
 * care (n.1 = special attention to avoid damage, risk, or error) || kura-yi || L cura -ae ||
 * carriage (n. = horse-drawn passenger vehicle) || eqi-kurri || L vehiculum; L raeda; L currus; L carpentum ||
 * 🥕 carrot (n.) || karoti || L carota (&lt; Gr karōton), F carotte, G karotte, S zanahoria, La safanórya, Ca cenoria, P cenoura, Sw morot, Nw gulrot, Da gulerod, Du wortel ||
 * carry (v. = move or take somewhere) || porta || L ferō – ferrē; L portō -āre &gt; I portare, P Ca Oc S portar, F porter, Ro purta; L gerō -ere, L gestō –āre; L vehō –ere; Gr pherein; P levar, S llevar (&lt; L levare “raise”); G gebären, Sw bära, Da bære, Du brengen, G bringen || IL fer, IL ER FN porta, IL gere (= fer, porta, exerce, fac, administra), Eo porti, IN Io Ie Ia portar, Ro portationer, Ui pero, IG acte phoro.
 * 🛒 cart (n. = open, wheeled vehicle for carrying loads) || karri || L carrum –ī; L plaustrum; L vehiculum || IL carro (= vehiculo, curru), IL curru (= vectura), IL vectura (= vehiculo, curru), IL vehiculo (= curru, quod servi ad vehe).
 * carve (v.) || skalpa || L sculpo -ere, L exsculpo -ere, L scalpo -ere, L caelo -are ||
 * case (n.) || kasi || L cāsus -ūs, I S P caso, F Ca cas, G Sw fall || IL casu (= occasione, etc.), Eo Io kazo, ER kasuo, IN NL kasu, Ie casu, Ia Ro FN caso, Ui kaz.
 * Castile (geo.) || lu kastillio-landi || S Castilla, L Ca Castella (&lt; L castellum) ||
 * Castilian (geo. a.) || geo-kastillio ||
 * Castilian (lang.) || lu kastillio-glossi || S castillano ||
 * 🏰 castle (n.) || kastelli || L castellum ("fortified village", &lt; L castrum "fort"), I castello, P castelo, S castillo, Ca castell, F château, G Schloss, Sw slott, Da slot ||
 * 🐈 cat || katti || L fēlēs -īs, LaL catta -ae, LaL cattus -ī, F chat, I gatto, S P gato, Ca Oc gat, Gr gáta, Byzantine Gr katta, Du Da kat, Sw Nw katt, G Katze, Ru koshka, Gae cat, We kath, Bre kaz, Berb kadiska, Ar qitt || IL fele, IL catto (= Zool. « felis catus »), Eo Io kato.
 * Catalan (geo. a.) || geo-katalano || L Catalanus -a -um, Ca català -ana, S catalán.
 * Catalan (lang.) || lu katalano-glossi || L lingua Catalana, L lingua Catalanica, Gr Katalanikíh glóssa ||
 * Catalonia (geo.) || lu katalano-landi || L Catalonia, L Catalaunia, Ca Catalunya, F la Catalogne.
 * catch (v.) || kapta || L capiō -ere, L captō -āre || IL cape, IL prehende, IL capta (= cape, cape cum vi, cape per fraude).
 * cattle (n. = cows, bulls, and oxen) || plu bovi || L boves, L pecus -oris || -.
 * cause (n.) || kausi || L causa -ae (&lt; caussa) || IL causa (= quod produc effectu, motivo, occasione, lite).
 * cause (v.) || kausa || L facio -ere, L efficio -ere ||
 * caution (n.) || kauto-yi || L cautiō -ōnis ||
 * cautious (a.) || kauto || L cautus -a -um ||
 * cave (n. = natural hollow in a hill or cliff, or underground) || kaverni || L caverna &gt; P I caverna, F caverne; S cueva, I cava, Ca cova; L antrum -ī; L specus; L spelunca; G Höhle, Da hule; Du grot, Sw grotta || Eo Io kaverno, Ia caverna, Ro caverno ||
 * cavern (n. = large cave) || mego-kaverni ||
 * cavity (n.) || kavi || L cavus -ī, L cavum -ī ||
 * cease (v.in. = come to an end) || cessa || L cessō -āre ||
 * cease (v.tr. = bring to an end) || cessa-fica ||
 * ceiling (n.1 = the top surface of a room) || tekti || L lacunar, L laquear; I tetto, S techo, Oc tech, P teto, F toit; Ca sostre ||
 * celebrate (v.) || celebra || L celebrō -āre, S celebrar ||
 * celebration (n.) || celebra-yi || L celebrātiō -ōnis, S celebración ||
 * cell (n.1 = small room for a prisoner, monk, or nun) || celli || L cella –ae ||
 * cell (n.2 = the smallest unit of a living organism) || célluli || L I cellula, F cellule, S P célula, Ca cèlulula, Gr kytos || Eo ĉelo, ER celo, NL selul, Io celulo, Ie cellul, NL sele, NL selule, Ia cella, Ia cellula, Ro célulo, FN selula, Ui kel, IG cyti.
 * cellar (n.) || cellari || L cellarium, G Keller, Du kelder, Sw källare, Da kælder, F cellier ||
 * 📱 cellphone (= mobile phone) || movea-teléfoni ||
 * censor (v.) ||
 * cent (n. = a 100th of a dollar, euro, or other decimal currency unit) || céntimi || S céntimo ||
 * centimetre (US centimeter) (n. = a 100th of a metre) || centímetri || I centimetro, S P centímetro, F centimètre, Ro centimetru, Ca Oc centímetre ||
 * central (n.1 = in or near the centre) || centri-yo || L medius –a –um ||
 * 🇨🇫 Central African Republic (geo.) || lu centri-áfrik || L Respublica Mediae Africae, F République centrafricaine ||
 * centre, (USA) center (n.1 = a point in the middle of something) || centri || L centrum (&lt; Gr kéntron); L medius locus ||
 * centre, (USA) center (n.2 = place devoted to a particular activity) || cénteri ||
 * century (n.) || sékuli || L saeculum -ī &gt; I secolo, P século, F siècle, S siglo, Ca segle; G Jahrhundert, Sw århundrade, Da århundrede || IL Ia seculo (= 100 anno) (&lt; see, semina), IN sekul, Ie secul, NL sekle, Ro século, Eo jarcento, Io yarcento, NL yarsento, Ie centennie, FN sentenio, Ui suntjàr, IG centi anni.
 * cereal (n.1 = grass producing an edible grain, e.g. wheat; n.2 = breakfast food made from this) || cereali || L cerealis (‘of Ceres, Italic goddess of agriculture; of grain’) &gt; I cereale, F céréale, S P Ca E cereal ||
 * certain (a.1 = able to be relied on to happen or be the case; a.2 = feeling sure) || certo-fido ||
 * a certain (a.3 = a specific but not directly stated) || qido || L quidam - quaedam - quoddam ||
 * certainly (adv.1 = definitely; adv.2 = yes) || certo-ye || L certe, L certo, L profecto, L vero, L definite ||
 * 🇹🇩 Chad (geo. = Republic of Chad) || lu cado-landi || L Tzadia, F Le Tchad (République du), Ar Tashād (Jumhūrīyat Tshād)||
 * ⛓️ chain (n.) || kateni || L sella -ae || IL catena.
 * 🪑 chair (n.) || selli || L sella -ae, L cathedra, L sēdēs -is, L sedile || IL sedile, IL sella, IL sede (= sedile, cathedra), IL cathedra (= sede (de professore, de episcopo, de pontifice)).
 * chalk (n.) || kreti || L I creta, S P greda, F craie, G Kreide, Du krijt, Sw krita, Da kridt ||
 * challenge (v.1 = dispute or query something) || provoka || L provoco –are; E challenge (&lt; VL calumniare “accuse falsely”) ||
 * challenge (n.1 = demanding task or situation) || provoka-yi || L provocatio ||
 * chameleon (n. &lt; Gr khamaileon “lit. lion on the ground”) || kameleoni || L chamaeleon, S camaleón ||
 * 🥂 champagne (n. = a white sparkling wine from Champagne) || campagni || L vinum campanicum, I champagne, Gr sampánia, S champán ||
 * chance (n. = possibility of something happening; from VL cadentia) || okkasioni || L fors -rtis, L fortūna -ae, L cāsus -ūs, L occāsiō -ōnis, F chance, VL sors -rtis, S suerte ||
 * change (v.1.1 = make different) || kambia || L cambire ((“exchange”, of Celtic origin) &gt; LaL cambiare &gt; I cambiare, S P Oc cambiar, Ca canviar, F changer; L mūtō -āre, P mudar, L commuto -āre, L novo -āre, L vario -āre, L permuto -āre, MeL alterō -āre (tr. v.); I alterare, S P alterar, OF alterer, F altérer, G wechseln, Sw växla, Da veksle, Du wisselen || IL muta (= varia, renova, cambia), IN Ie Ia mutar, Ui meto, IL FN cambia (IL = muta, commuta, permuta), Eo ŝanĝer, Io chanjar, NL chanja, IN kambiar, Ia cambiar, Ro cambier, ER aliiga, Ie Io alterar, Ro alterationer, Ro alterifer, IN variar, IG acte muto, IG stimule muto.
 * change (v.1.2 = become different) || muta || L mutor -ārī, L vario -āre (in. v.), S variar ||
 * change (n.1 = act of changing) || kambia-yi (tr.), muta-yi (intr.) || I cambiamento, F changement, S cambio, Ca canvi; L mutatio, L commutatio, L vicissitudo, L vices || IL mutatione, IN kambiasion, Io kambio, Ie change, NL chanjo, FN cambia, Ui metad, IG muto.
 * chaos (n.) || kaoti || Gr khaos, L F G Du chaos, I S P caos, Sw Nw Da kaos || Eo kaoso.
 * chaotic (a.) || kaoti-yo ||
 * chapter (n.) || kapítuli || L capitulum -ī || IL capitulo (= parvo capite, parte de libro).
 * character (n.) || karákteri || Gr kharakter, L character, S carácter, Ca caràcter, I carattere, P caráter, OF caratere, F caractère, G charakter, Sw karaktär || Eo ER Io karaktero, IN karakter, Ie caráctere, NL karaktere, Ia character, FN carater, Ro caráctero, Ui karaktir.
 * chariot (n. = two-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle, used in ancient warfare and racing) || kurri || L currus –ūs ||
 * 📊 chart (n.) || diagrami || S gráfica, P S diagrama, Gr diágramma, Da graf ||
 * chatter (v.) || garria || L garrio -re, Prov charrar, Ca xerrar, I ciarlare, S charlar ||
 * cheek (n.) || bukki || L gena -ae, L bucca -ae || IL gena.
 * 🧀 cheese (n.) || kasei || L cāseus -ī, I cacio, S queso, P queijo, G Käse, Du kaas, Ir caise, We caws, MeL formaticum (&lt; casei forma), I formaggio, Ca formatge, F fromage || IL caseo.
 * chemical (a.) || kimi-yo || L chemicus, L chimicus || IL chemico (= que pertine ad chemia).
 * 👨‍🔬 chemist (n.) || kimi-pei || MeL alchimista, MeL chimista, S químico || IL chemico (= que pertine ad chemia).
 * chemistry (n.1 = scientific study of the nature of substances and how they react with each other) || kimi || L chemia (&lt; Ar alchemia &lt; Gr), L chimia, G Chemie, Ro chimie, Gr khihmeía, I chimica, S P Ca química || IL chemia, Ia chimia, Ie chimie, Eo Io kemio.
 * 🍒 cherry (n.) || cerasi || L cerasus -i, I ciliegia, S cereza, F cerise, Gr kerási ||
 * ♟ chess (n.) || skakki(-ludi) || L scacci (pl.), L ludus scaccorum, Ca escacs ||
 * chest (n.1 = the front of a person’s body between the neck and the stomach) || péktori || L pectus -oris ||
 * chest (n.2 = large strong box) || cisti || L cista -ae, L arca -ae, L capsa -ae ||
 * 🌰 chestnut (n.) || kastanei || L castanea -ae || IL castanea (= Bot. « castanea sativa »; ⊂ Gr cástanon, ⊂ Castana, urbe in Asia minore).
 * chew (v.) || manda || Gr masasthai, L mando -ere, LaL manducare ||
 * 🐔 chicken (n. = domestic fowl kept for its eggs or meat) || pulli || L pullus (= ‘young animal’), L pullus (gallinaceus), I S pollo, P polho, F poulet, Ro pui, Oc polastre, Ca pollastre || IL gallo (= Zool. « gallus domesticus »), IL pullo (= juvene animale; juvene gallo).
 * chief (a. = most important) || principuo || L praecipuus; L prīmus –a -um; L principālis –e &gt; I principale, S P F Ro Ca Oc principal; L maximus ||
 * 🧒🏻 child (n.1 = young human being) || pueri || L īnfāns –ntis; L puer -ri, L puella –ae; L filius -ī, L filia –ae; L līberī -ōrum (pl.) || IL infante.
 * childhood (n.) || infanti || L infantia -ae, L pueritia -ae ||
 * 🇨🇱 Chile (geo. = Republic of Chile) || lu cilio-landi || L Chilia, S Chile (República de) ||
 * Chilean (geo. a.) || geo-cilio || L Chilensis.
 * chimpanzee (n., from Bantu language) || cimpanzéi || L pan communis, L pan troglodytes, F P Oc chimpanzé, S chimpancé, I scimpanzé, Ro cimpanzeu, Ca ximpanzé, G Schimpansen, Du chimpansees, Sw schimpanser, Da chimpanser, Nw sjimpanse, Ru shimpanze, Gr ximpantzíh,s || Eo ĉimpanzo, Io chimpanzeo, Ia chimpanze.
 * chin (n.) || mentoni || L mentum -ī &gt; I mento, F menton; S barbilla, Ro barbie; Pg queixo; Gr pihgoúni; G Kinn || IL mento, Eo mentono.
 * 🇨🇳 China (geo. = People’s Republic of China; from Sk Cīna &amp; Per Chīn, perhaps from Qin dynasty) || lu cinio-landi, lu zhong-guo-landi || L Sinae (Res publica popularis Sinarum), Chi Zhōngguó (lit. ‘middle nation-state’) (Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó), S P Ro G China, I Cina, F Chine, Gr Kína, Ru Kina, Tu Çin || IL Sina (= regione de Asia orientale; &lt; Gr (Ptolemæo)).
 * Chinese (geo. a.) || geo-cinio || L Sinensis.
 * Chinese (lang.) || lu cinio-glossi || L lingua Sinica, L lingua Sinensis, L lingua Chinensis, Ch Zhōngwén (lit. "Chinese writing"), F Chinois, S Chino, I Cinese, G Chinesische ||
 * chlorine (n. = chemical element #17 [Cl]) || klori || L chlorum, L chlorium, I S P cloro, Ro Ca clor, G Po chlor, F chlore, Oc clòr, Du chloor, Sw Da Nw Tu klor, Gr khlório, Ru khlor || IL Ia chloro (IL = gas simplice de colore viride, cum symbolo « Cl »; &lt; Gr chlōrós = viride), Eo Io kloro, NL klore.
 * 🍫 chocolate (n.) || cokolati || L socolata, L chocolata, L S P chocolate, F Oc chocolat, I cioccolato, G Schokolade, Gr sokoláta, Ru shokolad, Ca xocolata ||
 * choice (n.) || eliga-yi || L delectus -us, L electio -onis, L optiō -ōnis ||
 * Chongqing (geo.) || lu chongking || L Chungkina, L urbs Chongqingensis, Ch Chóngqìng, I S F G Chongqing, Ru Chuntsin, Gr Tsongktsíngk.
 * choose (v.) || eliga || L ēligō -ere, L deligo -ere, L legō -ere, L optō -āre ||
 * 🥢 chopsticks (n.) || bi-cibi-baketti || L bacilla escaria, I bacchette (per il cibo), F baguettes, S palillos, G Essstäbchen ||
 * Christ (hist.) || lu kristi || L Christus -i (&lt; Gr khristos ‘the anointed’) ||
 * Christian (his.a.) || kristiano || L Christianus -a -um, Gr Khristianós ||
 * 🎅 Christmas (hist.) || natali || L Dies Christi Natalis, L festum Nativitais Domini, I Natalee, F Noel (&lt; L Natalis), S Navidad ||
 * church (n.) || ekklesi || L templum -ī, L ecclesia (catholica) || IL templo (= domo dicato ad deo), IL ecclesia (= reunione de christianos, templo).
 * 🚬 cigarette (n. &lt; S cigarro, &lt; Maya si'c "tobacco", sicar "to smoke rolled tobacco leaves") || sigarelli || L sigarellum, L sigarillum, L fistula nicotiana, F cigarette, I sigarreta, Ca cigarreta, S cigarrillo, P S cigarro, Ro țigareta, G Zigarette, Da cigaret, Sw cigarett, Nw sigarett, Du sigaret, Gr tsigáro, Ru Sr cigareta, Tu sigara || Eo cigaredo.
 * 🎬 cinema (n.1 = theater where films are shown) || cinemi-teatri || S cine, I cinema, F cinéma ||
 * cinema (n.2 = the production of films as an art or industry) || cinemi-arti ||
 * cinematography (n. = the art of camerawork in film-making) || cinemi-arti || L cinematographia, G Kinematografie, Ru kinematograf ||
 * circa (pre. = approximately) || proxu ||
 * ⚫️ circle (n.) || církuli || L circus -ī ||
 * circus (n.) || cirki || L circus -ī ||
 * citadel (n. = fortress overlooking a city) || arci || L arx - arcis ||
 * citizen (n.) || civi(-pei) || L cīvis -īs, L oppidanus -ī, Gr polites || IL cive, IL civi.
 * citizenship (n.) || civi-yi (instead of civi-yo-yi) || L cīvitās -ātis ||
 * city (n.1 = large town, esp. one created by charter and containing a cathedral) || urbi || L urbs -bis, Ca Oc ciutat, I città, P cidade, S ciudad, F cité, E city (from L cīvitās -ātis (‘citizenship; community of citizens; state’), F ville, Ca vila ||
 * city-state (n.) || civitati || L cīvitās -ātis ||
 * 👏 clap (v.) || plauda || L plaudo -ere || IL plaude (= applaude, percute manus in signo de gaudio), IL applaude.
 * clarinet (n.) || klarineti || L clarinetum, F clarinette (&lt; F clarine "little bell"), G klarinette, Sw klarinett, S clarinete, I clarinetto, Ca clarinet ||
 * class (n.) || klassi || L classis -is (the Roman high class; the fleet) ||
 * classic (n.) || klássiko || L classicus -a -um ||
 * claw (n.) || ungui || L unguis -is || IL ungue.
 * clay (n.) || argilli || L argilla -ae ||
 * clean (a.) || nítido || L mundus -a -um, L nitidus -a -um, L pūrus -a -um || IL mundo (= polito, pulcro, puro).
 * clean (v.) || munda, purga || L mundō -āre, L purgō -āre.
 * clear (a.) || klaro || L lucidus, L clarus, S P claro, I chiaro, F clair, Ca clar, G Sw Da klar, Du klaar || IL claro (= sonoro, lucido), IL lucido (= que luce), Eo Io klara, IN Ui klar, Ie Ia FN clar, NL klar(i), Ro clara, ER klare, IG luco.
 * clearness (n.) || klaro-yi || L claritas -tatis, S claridad, Ca claror || IL claritate, IL clarore.
 * cleave (v.1 = divide or split in two) || finda || L findō -ere ||
 * cleft (n. = split or crack) || finda-yi ||
 * clever (a.) || sollerto || L sollers, L dexter, L ingeniosus.
 * climate (n. = the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period; from LaL clima, from Gr klima ‘slope, zone, region,’ esp. with reference to its atmospheric conditions) || klímati || L clima -atis, Gr klíma, G Da Nw klima, I S P Ro Ca Oc clima, F climat, Du klimaat, Sw Po Ru Sr klimat ||
 * 🧗 climb (v. = go or come up to a higher position) || ascenda || L ascendo -ere, L conscendo -ere, L scandō -ere ||.
 * clinic (n. = place where clinical treatment or advice is given) || hospitali ||
 * clitoris (n.) || klítori || L F Ro Du clitoris, S P Ca clítoris, I clitoride, Gr kleitorída, G Sw klitoris, Ru klitor ||
 * ⌚ clock (n. = instrument that shows the time) || horologi || L horologium, Gr orológio &gt; I orologio, Gr rolói, P relógio, S reloj, Ca rellotge, Oc relòtge, F horloge, F montre, G Uhr, Sw Da ur, Du klok, Nw klokke, Ro ceas || IL Ia horologio (IL = instrumento que indica hora), Eo horloĝo, Ie horloge.
 * close (v.1 = move so as to cover an opening) || klauda || L claudō -ere, L operiō -īre || IL claude.
 * close (adv. = so as to be very near) || juxte || L iuxta; L dense; L prope; L proxime ||.
 * 🔒 closed (a. = not open) || klauso, klauda-zo || L clausus || IL clauso (= quem claude).
 * cloth (n.1 = fabric made from a soft fibre such as cotton) || panni || L pannus ||
 * clothing (n.) || vesti || L vestis -is ||
 * ⛅ cloud (n.1 = mass of condensed water vapour floating in the sky) || nubi || L nūbēs -īs &gt; I S nube, P nuvem, Ca Oc núvol; L nebula -ae; L nimbus -ī (‘rain-cloud’); F nouage, Ro nor || IL nebula, IL nube, IL nimbo.
 * 🤡 clown (n. = a comic entertainer, especially one in a circus, wearing a traditional costume and exaggerated make-up) || klouni || L scurra, L maccus, I pagliaccio, Ca pallasso, P palhaço, S payaso, Tu palyaço, F G Du Sw clown, Gr klóoun, Da Nw Sr klovn, Ru kloun, Po klaun, Ro bufon ||
 * coal (n.) || karboni || L carbo -ōnis, S carbón, Gr kandaros || IL carbone.
 * coast (n. = land next to o near the sea) || lítori || L lītus -toris ||
 * 🧥 coat (n.1 = long outer garment with sleeves; from old F cote from Frankish *cotta) || kotti || L vestis; L tunica; S abrigo, Ca Oc abric; I cappotto; I soprabito; paltò; P casaco; P sobretudo; F manteau; F pardessus; Ro adăpost; G Rock; Da jakke, Du jas, Sw jacka || Ro jaco; Eo palto, Io paltoto, Ia paletot; Io surtuto; Ia supertoto.
 * cock (n. = male chicken) || mao-pulli || L gallus -ī, I S gallo, P galo, Ca gall, F coq, G Hahn, Da hane, Du haan, Sw tupp || IL gallo (= Zool. « gallus domesticus »).
 * 🥥 coconut (n.) || kokoi || L Cocos nucifera, P S coco, I cocco ||.
 * coffee (n. &lt; I caffe &lt; Tu kahveh &lt; Ar qahwah) || kafei || MoL coffeum, MoL cafaeum, MoL potio cafaearia, F S café, I caffe || IL cofea (= Bot. « cofea arabiga »).
 * coin (n. = quantity or value expressed by a word or symbol) || nummi, kuda-moneti || L nummus -ī; L moneta (‘a title or surname of the Roman goddess Juno, by whose temple money was coined, from L moneō; coined money’) &gt; I moneta, S Ro Ca Oc moneda, P moeda, F monnaie || IL moneta (= metallo cum pretio impresso), IL nummo.
 * cold (a.) || frígido || L frīgidus -a -um, L gelidus -a -um || IL frigido, IL gelido, IL algido.
 * 🥶 cold (n.) || frigo-yi, friga-yi || L frīgus -oris || IL frigore (= to es frigido).
 * collect (v.) || kolliga || L colligō -ere ||
 * 🇨🇴 Colombia (geo. = Republic of Colombia) || lu kolombio-landi || L Columbia, S Colombia (República de) ||
 * Colombian (geo. a.) || geo-kolombio || L Columbianus -a -um, S colombiano -a.
 * colon (n.1 = punctuation mark consisting of two dots, one above the other, used to mark grammatical discontinuity less than that indicated by a period) || koloni, bipunkti || L colon (“part of a verse”, from Gr kōlon &lt; Gr koptein “cut off”) &gt; E colon; S dos puntos ||.
 * colour, (US) color (n.) || kolori, kromi || L color -oris (&lt; colos), L pigmentum -ī, Gr chróma/-ta, Ca color, I colore, P côr, F couleur, Du kleur, Da kulør, G farbe, S farg, Da farve || IL colore (&lt; cela), Ie Ia FN color, Eo ER Io koloro, IN kolor, NL kolore, Ro coloro, Ui klor, IG chromo.
 * comb (n.) || péktini || L pecten -tinis || IL pectine.
 * comb (v.) || pekta || L pecto -ere || IL pecte, IL pectina (= pecte).
 * come (v.) || venia || L veniō -īre &gt; I venire, S F Ca venir, P vir; G kommen, Du komen, Da komme, Sw komma || IL Eo NL FN veni (IL = i, i retro, i ad hic), ER vena, IN veniar, Io venar, Ie Ia venir, Ro vener, Ui veno, IG kine.
 * comma (n. = punctuation mark ) || vírguli || L comma (“short phrase”, from Gr komma &lt; Gr koptein “cut off”) &gt; E comma, S Ca coma; L virgŭla &gt; I virgola, F virgule, P S Ca vírgula, Ro Oc virgula || Eo Io komo, Ia virgula, Ro vírgulo.
 * command (v. = give an order) || juba || L imperō -āre, L praecipio -ere, L iubeō -ēre || IL jube (= ordina, impera, præcipe), IL impera (= jube, rege, guberna), IL ordina (= pone in ordine, dispone, da functione, jube, impera, præscribe).
 * command (n. = order) || juba-yi || L mandātum -ī, L praeceptum, L imperium, L iussus, L iussum || IL jussu (= ton jube, ordine), IL mandato.
 * common (a.) || kommuno || L commūnis -e, L pūblicus -a -um, L vulgāris -e || IL commune.
 * community (n.) || kommunitati || L communitas, L societas || IL communitate.
 * 🇰🇲 Comoros (geo. = Union of the Comoros, a sovereign archipelago) || lu plu komoro-ínsuli || L Insulae Comorianae, Com-Swa Udzima wa Komori ||
 * compare (v.) || konfera || L comparō -āre, L aequō -āre, L conferō -ferre ||
 * comparison (n.) || konfera-yi || L comparatiō -ōnis, L collatiō -ōnis ||
 * 🧭 compass (n.) || búxidi || L pyxis nautica, L pyxis magnetica, LaL buxida, I bussola, F boussole, Ca búixola, Ca brúixola, S brújula ||
 * complain (v.1 = express dissatisfaction) || komplanga || L queror; VL complango –ere &gt; OF complaindre &gt; E complain; S quejarse ||
 * complaint (n.1 = act of complaining) || komplanga-yi || L querela, L querimonia ||
 * complete (a.1 = having all necessary parts) || kompleto || L plēnus -a -um, L complētus -a -um ||.
 * compress (v.) || komprema || L compremō -ere ||
 * compute (v.) || komputa || L computō -āre || IL computa.
 * 💻 computer (n.) || komputa-macini || MoL computatrum, MoL ordinatrum, MoL calculator, P computador, S ordenador || Eo Io komputero, Ia computator, Ro computero, FN computador, Ui komputèl.
 * conceive (v.) || koncipia || L concipiō -ere ||
 * concept (n.) || koncepti || L imāgō -ginis, L notiō, L opiniō, LaL conceptus ||
 * concerning (pre. = about (pre.1)) || du || L dē (+ abl.) ||
 * condition (n.) || kondikioni || L condiciō -ōnis &gt; S condición || IL condicione (&lt; condicione &lt; dic).
 * CONDITIONAL (gram.) || posse || S -ría ||
 * confess (v.) || konfessa || L fateor -ērī, L cōnfiteor -ērī &gt; I confessare, P Ca Oc confessar, S confesar, F confesser, Ro confesa ||
 * confession (n.) || konfessa-yi || L confessiō -ōnis ||
 * 🇨🇬 Congo (geo. = Republic of the Congo) || lu kongo-landi || L Respublica Congensis, F Le Congo (République du) ||
 * 🇨🇩 Congo (geo. = Democratic Republic of the Congo) || lu demo-kongo-landi || F République démocratique du Congo ||
 * Congo River, Kongo River, Zaire River (geo.) || lu kongo-flumi || L (flumen) Congo/Congum/Zaire, F (le) fleuve Congo/Zaïre, P rio Congo/Zaire, Kon Nzâdi Kôngo ||
 * congress (n.) || kongressi || L congressiō -ōnis, L congressus -ūs ||
 * conjugate (v. = give the different forms of a verb) || konjuga || L coniugō -āre ||
 * conjugation (n.) || konjuga-yi || L coniugatiō -ōnis ||
 * conjunction (n.) || konjunktioni || L coniunctio -onis &gt; S conjunción ||
 * connect (v.) || konnekta || L co[n]necto -ere ||
 * connection (n.) || konnekta-yi || L coniunctio ||
 * conquer (v.1 = take control of by military force) || vinca || L vincō -ere ||
 * conscience (n.) || konskia-yi, skiento-yi || L scientia, L conscientia, P consciência, F conscience, I coscienza, S conciencia, Ca consciència, Oc consciéncia, Ro conştiinţa || IL conscientia (= scientia, notitia, cognitione, to sci).
 * conscious (a.1 = awake and responsive) || konskio || L gnarus; L sciens, L conscius &gt; S P consciente, I cosciente, F Ca Oc conscient, Ro conștient; G gewahr || IL conscio.
 * conscious (a.2 = aware) || skiento ||
 * consist (v.) || konsista || L constō -are, L consistō -ere ||
 * consonant (n.) || konsonanti ||
 * constellation (n. = group of stars) || síderi || L sīdus -eris || IL sidere (= astro, constellatione, signo cæleste).
 * constitute (v.) || konstitua || L cōnstituō -ere ||
 * constitution (n.) || konstitutioni || L consitutiō -ōnis, L cīvitās -ātis ||
 * consul (n.) || kónsuli(-pei) || L cōnsul -is ||
 * consult (v. = seek information or advice from) || kónsula || L consulō -ere ||
 * consume (v.1 = eat or drink) || ingera || L consūmō -ere ||
 * consume (v.2 = use up) || konsuma || L consūmō -ere ||
 * consumer (n. = person who buys or uses goods or services) || konsumptori, konsuma-pei || L consumptor, S consumidor ||
 * contact (n.) || kontinga-yi, kontakti || L contāctus -ūs || IL contactu (= to tange).
 * contact (v.) || kontinga || L contingō -ere ||
 * contain (v.) || kontinea || L contineō -ēre, L habeō -ēre ||
 * contempt (n.1 = the feeling that someone of something is worthless) || kontemptioni || L contemptiō -ōnis, L contemptus -ūs ||
 * continent (n.) || kontinenti ||
 * continue (v.) || kontinua ||
 * continuous (a.) || kontinuo || L continens, L continuus, L perpetuus ||
 * CONTINUOS TENSES (gram.) || sta …a-ye ||
 * contrast (n.) || kontrasta-yi || I contrasto, S contraste ||
 * contrast (v.) || kontrasta || L comparo -are, L confero -ferre, L contrastō -āre ||
 * converse (v.) || kolloqa || L colloquior/quī ||
 * conversation || kolloqa-yi || L colloquium ||
 * convey (v. = transport or carry) || porta ||
 * 🍳 cook (v.) || koqa || L coquō -ere, L coquinō -āre (Plautus) || IL coque.
 * 🧑‍🍳 cook (n.) || koqa-pei, koqi || L coquus -ī, L coqua -ae || IL coquo (= qui coque).
 * 🍪 cookie (US)(n. = sweet biscuit) || biskoti || F biscuit, I biscotto, P biscoito, Gr mpiskóto; S galleta; F petit gâteau; E cookie (&lt; Du koekje) || Eo kuketo, Ro cuquio, Ia biscuit ||
 * copper (n.1 = red-brown metallic element) || kupri || L aes - aeris, LaL Cyprium aes (&lt; Gr. cúprion = de Cypro), L cuprum -ī || IL cupro (= metallo, in Chemia « Cu »).
 * copy (n.1 = thing made to look like another) || transkriba-yi || L exemplar; S copia, G Kopie, Da kopi, Du copie, Sw kopia (&lt; L cōpia “abundance”) || Eo kopio, Ia copia, Ro copiajo ||
 * copy (v.1 = make a copy of) || kopia || L trānscrībō –ere; S P Ca Oc copiar, I copiare, Ro copia, F copier, G kopieren, Da kopiere, Du copieeren, Sw kopiera || Eo kopii, Io kopiar, Ia copiar, Ro copier ||
 * 🌽 corn (n.1 = wheat, oats, or maize; grain) || frumenti || L frūmentum –ī ||
 * corpse (n.) || kadáveri || L cadaver -eris || IL cadavere.
 * 👌 correct (a.) || korrekto || L correctus -a -um ||
 * correct (v.) || korriga || L corrigō -ere ||
 * corrupt (a.) || korrupto, korrumpa-zo || L corruptus -a -um ||
 * corrupt (v.) || korrumpa || L corrumpō -ere ||
 * corruption (n.) || korrupto-yi, korrumpa-yi || L corruptiō -ōnis, L putredō ||
 * 🇨🇷 Costa Rica (geo. = Republic of Costa Rica) || lu kosti-rico-landi || L Costarica (Res publica Costaricensis), L Ora Dives, L Ora Opulenta, S Costa Rica (República de) ||
 * costly (a.1 = expensive) || pretioso || L pretiōsus -a -um ||
 * cough (n.) || tussi, tussia-yi || L tussis -is ||
 * cough (v.) || tussia || L tussiō -īre ||
 * council (n.) || koncili || L concilium -ī, L consilium -ī ||
 * count (v.1 = find the total number of) || númera || L numerō -āre || IL numera (= da numero).
 * count (v.2 = say numbers in order) || ordini-númera ||
 * country (n.) || paesi || L regio -ōnis; L terra –ae &gt; Ro ţară; L loca –ōrum; L cīvitās –ātis; I paese, S P Ca Oc país, F pays (&lt; L pagēnse &lt; L pāgus) ||
 * 👫 couple (n.) || pari || L pār - paris, MeL copula "tie, connection; couple" || IL copula (= ligamine, vinculo; vocabulo ligamine grammaticale; par, dyade).
 * 🏃 course (n.) || kursi || L cursus -ūs ||
 * cousin (n.) || consobrini || L sobrinus (from L soror; origin. "mother’s sister’s son"), L consobrinus, F cousin, Ca cosí, I cugino, Sw kusin, Po kuzyn, S P primo, G Da kusine, Du neef ||.
 * covenant (n. = formal agreement) || féderi || L foedus -deris ||
 * cover (n.) || tégmini || L tegmen -minis ||
 * cover (v.1 = put something over or in front of to protect or hide) || tega || L tegō -ere ||
 * 🐄 cow (n.) || vakki || L bōs - bovis; L vacca -ae &gt; I vacca, S P Ca vaca, F vache, G Kuh, Sw Da ko, Du koe || IL vacca (= bove femina, femina de tauro).
 * crab (n.) || kankri || L cancer -crī, S cangro, S cangrejo, Ca cranc, P caranguejo, I granchio; Gr karkinos; G Da krabbe, Du krab, Sw krabba, F crabe || IL cancro (= Zool. « cancer pagurus »), Ia cancere.
 * crawl (v.) || repa || L repo -ere, L serpere -ere, L reptō -āre ||
 * cream (n.) || krami || L cramum, S crema (de leche), F crème ||
 * create (v.) || krea || L creō -āre, I creare, S Ca crear, F créer || IL crea (= fac cre(sce)).
 * 🦗 cricket (n. = an insect related to the grasshoppers but with shorter legs. The male produces a characteristic musical chirping sound) || grilli || L gryllus, I S grillo ||
 * crime (n.) || krímini || L crimen -minis ||
 * criminal (n.) || krimini-pei || L criminalis ||
 * 🇭🇷 Croatia (geo. = Republic of Croatia) || lu kroato-landi || L Croatia, Cr Hrvatska (Republika Hrvatska).
 * Croatian (geo. a.) || geo-kroato || L Croatus -a -um, L Croaticus -a -um ||
 * Croatian (lang., the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language used by Croats) || lu kroato-glossi || L Lingua Croatica, Cr Hrvatski ||
 * 🐊 crocodile (n.) || krokodili || L crocodīlus -ī (&lt; Gr) &gt; P crocodilo, F crocodile, Ro crocodil, I coccodrillo, S cocodrilo, Ca Oc cocodril || IL crocodilo (= Zool. « crocodilus vulgaris ». ⊂ G. crocódeilos).
 * 🥐 croissant (n. = a French crescent-shaped roll made of sweet flaky yeast dough, eaten for breakfast; from F, from L crescent-) || kroissanti || L semilixula, Gr krouasán, S cruasán, F P I Ca G Sw Du Nw Da croissant, Ru kruassan, Sr kroasan ||
 * crop (n.1 = plant grown for food or other use) || messi || L messis -is || IL messe.
 * crop (n.1 = harvest from the crop plant) || messi-processi ||
 * cross (n.) || kruci || L crux - crucis || IL cruce.
 * ✝️ cross (v.1 = go or extend across) || transea || L trānseō -īre || IL crucia (= afflige, tormenta, pone in cruce; da forma de cruce).
 * crow (n.) || kórnici || L cornix -icis ||
 * 👑 crown (n.1 = a monarch’s ceremonial headdress) || koroni || L corōna -ae, L diadema -ae || IL corona, IL diadema, IL anadema(te).
 * crown (v.1 = formally place a crown on the head of a new monarch) || korona || L corōnō -āre ||
 * cry (v. = weep) || plora || L lacrimo -are, L fleō -ēre ||
 * cry (v. = shout or scream loudly) || klama || L clamo -are, L exclamo -are, L conclamo -are ||
 * 🇨🇺 Cuba (geo. = Republic of Cuba) || lu kubano-landi || L S P I F Cuba (República de Cuba; from Taino Cubanacan, the name of the people who occupied the island), G Ru Kuba, Gr Koúba || Eo Kubo, Io NL Kuba, Ia Ie Cuba.
 * Cuban (geo. a.) || geo-kubano ||
 * cube (n.) || kubi || L cubus -i, L cybus -i || IL cubo.
 * 🥒 cucumber (n.) || kukúmeri || L cucumis -eris (sativus), F concombre, Ca Oc cogombre, Ga cogombro, I cetriolo, S P pepino, Gr aggoúri, G gurke, Sw gurka, Nw agurk, Ro castravete ||
 * cultivate (v.) || kola || L colō -ere ||
 * cultivation (n.) || kola-yi || L cultum (&lt; L colō -ere) ||
 * cultural (a.) || kulturi-yo || L culturalis ||
 * culture (n.) || kulturi || L cultura -ae ||
 * 🥤 cup (n.1 = small curved drinking container with a handle) || tassi || L calix –icis; L poculum –ī; Ar tássa &gt; F G tasse, Ca Oc tassa, S taza, P taça, I tazza, Ro ceaşca; P chávena; Da kop, Du kopje, Sw kopp || IL calice, IL poculo (= vase pro bibe), Eo Io Ro taso, Ia tassa.
 * cup (n.2 = cup-shaped trophy with a stem) || kuppi || MeL cuppa &gt; I coppa, S Ca Oc copa, P copo, F coupe, Ro cúpa ||
 * 🧁 cupcake (n. = a small cake baked in a cup-shaped foil or paper container and typically iced) || kuppi-skribliti ||
 * cure (v.) || medea, sana || L medeor -eri, L sano -āre ||
 * 🥌 curling (n.) || kurling-lusi || L lusus scotorum, Gr kérlingk, I S P F G curling ||
 * 👩‍🦱 curly (a.) || krispi || L crispus, I ricciuto, I arricciato, S rizado ||
 * curtain (n.) || kortini || L vēlum -ī, L vēlum fenestrale; LaL cortīna &gt; S P Ca cortina, Gr kourtína; I tenda; F rideau; Ro perdea || Io kurteno.
 * custom (n.1 = traditional way of behaving or doing something, from VL consuetumen) || konsuetúmini || L consuesco ‘accustom’ &gt; L consuetus -a -um &gt; L consuetudo -dinis &gt; VL consuetumen -minis &gt; I P OF costume, Ca Oc costum, E custom, F coutume, Ro cutuma; L mōs - mōris ||
 * cut (v.) || seka || L secō -āre –uīsse || IL seca.
 * Cypriot (geo. a.) || geo-cipro || L Cypria.
 * 🇨🇾 Cyprus (geo. = Republic of Cyprus) || lu cipro-landi || L Cyprus, Gr Kýpros (Kypriakíh Dihmokratía), L Res publica Cypria, Tu Kibris Cumhuriyeti, I Cipro, F Chypre, S P Chipre.
 * Czech (geo. a.) || geo-ceko || L Cechus -a -um.
 * Czech (lang.) || lu ceko-glossi || L Lingua Bohemica, Cz Česky jazyk ||
 * 🇨🇿 Czechia (geo. = Czech Republic) || lu ceko-landi || L Cechia (Res publica Cecha), L Bohemia, Cz Česko (Česká republika).
 * daily (a. = every day or every weekday) || kotidio || L diurnus, L quotidianus ||
 * daily (adv. = every day or every weekday) || kotidie || L cot[t]īdiē ||
 * damage (n.) || damni, damna-yi || L damnum -i ||
 * damage (v.) || damna || L laedō -ere, I dannare, S dañar, P danificar, Ca danyar, Oc damatjar, F endommager, Ro avaria ||
 * 🕺🏽 dance (v.) || dansa || L saltō –āre; LaL ballare (&lt; Gr ballizein); F danser (perhaps from Frankish) || IL balla (= salta, duc chorea).
 * dance (n.) || dansa-yi || L saltatus -ūs, L saltatio -ōnis, L chorus (&lt; Gr choros), chorea (&lt; Gr choreia) || IL chorea (= ton balla, saltatione).
 * dancer (n.) || dansa-pei || L saltator ||
 * Dane (geo. n. = person from Denmark) || danio-pei ||
 * danger (n.1 = the possibility of suffering harm or of experiencing something unpleasant), peril || perikli || L perīculum -ī &gt; I pericolo, Ro pericol, P perigo, Ca perill, Oc perilh, S peligro; F danger ||
 * Danish (geo. a.) || geo-danio || MeL Dani (pl.) ||
 * Danish (lang.) || lu danio-glossi || L Lingua Danica ||
 * dare (v.) || audea || L audeō -ēre, VL ausō -āre, I osare, S osar, F oser, P ousar, Ca gosar || IL aude.
 * dark (a.) || obskuro || L obscūrus -a -um &gt; I S oscuro, P escuro, Oc escur; L fuscus -a -um &gt; Ca fosc; F sombre; Ro închis ||
 * dative (n.) || dativi || L dativus -ī ||
 * daughter (n.) || feo-fili || L filia -ae || IL filia (= filio femina).
 * dawn (n.1 = the first appearance of light in the morning) || aurori || L aurora (L Aurora, ‘goddess of the dawn’) &gt; I Ro aurora; L prima lux; L diluculum; I S Ca Oc alba, P alva, F aube; S amanecer; P madrugada; Gr eos || IL aurora (= primo mane), Eo tagiĝo, Io jornesko, Ro dieço, Ia alba.
 * 📅 day (n.) || di, diurni || L diēs - diēī, VL diurnum -ī, P Ca dia, S día, I giorno, F jour, G tag, S Da Du dag || IL Ie Ia die, ER dio, IG di, FN Ui dia, IN diurn, Io Ia jorno, Ie NL jorne, Ro jurnato, Eo tago; Io Ro dio, NL die (= 24 horos).
 * daybreak (n. = dawn) || aurori ||
 * 🥴 dazed (a.) || obstupefakto || L obstupefactus ||
 * dead (a.) || morto, moria-zo || L mortuus -a -um, VL mortus -a -um, L vitā defunctus || IL mortuo (= que e more).
 * 🧏 deaf (a.) || surdo || L surdus -a -um, S sordo -a ||.
 * dear (a.) || karo || L carus -a -um ||
 * death (n.1 = act or fact or dying) || moria-yi || L mors - mortis &gt; I P morte, Ro moarte, S muerte, F Ca Oc mort; L letum -ī, L interitus, L obitus || IL morte (= to more).
 * death (n.2 = state of being dead) || morto-yi ||
 * debt (n.) || debea-yi, débiti || L debitum, L aes alienum ||
 * debtor (n.) || debitori, debea-pei || L debitor -ris &gt; I debitore, F débiteur, S deudor || IL debitore (= qui debe, anti creditore).
 * decade (n.) || decenni || L decennium ||
 * deceive (v. = cause to believe something false) || falla || L fallō -ere ||
 * December (n. = the twelfth month) || decembri (= mensi mono-duo-yo du anni) || L December -bris || IL decembre (= mense numero 12; decimo in calendario de Romulo, que incipe in martio).
 * decide (v.1 = think about and choose) || decida || L discepto -āre; L diiudico -āre; L decerno –ere; L constituo –ere; S decidir (from L dēcīdō -ere “cut off; determine”) ||
 * decision (n.1 = choice made after consideration) || decida-yi || L sententia; L arbitrium; L iudicium ||
 * declaration || deklara-yi ||
 * declare || deklara || L dēclārō -āre ||
 * decree (n. = official order with the force of law) || dekreti || L decretum -i ||
 * deed || aga-yi, akti || L actum -i (&lt; L ago -ere) ||
 * deep (a.) || profundo || L profundus –a –um, L altus –a -um ||
 * 🦌 deer (n., from OE deor “animal”; sense specialization probably via hunting, deer being the favorite animal of the chase) || cervi || L cervus -ī, L cerva -ae || IL cervo.
 * defeat (v.1 = win a victory over) || vinca || L frustror –ari; L vincō -ere || IL vince.
 * defecate (v.) || defeka || L defaeco -āre, L caco -āre ||
 * defence, (US) defense (n.) || defenda-yi || L defensiō -ōnis, S Ca defensa, F défense, P defesa, I difesa || IL defensione (= ton defende), Eo defendo, ER Io NL Ro defenso, IN defendasion, Ie defense, Ie defension, NL defensione, Ia defensa, Ui difens, FN defende.
 * defend (v.) || defenda || L defendo -ere &gt; S defender || IL FN defende (IL = tue, protege, anti offende).
 * defender (n.) || defensori, defenda-pei || L defensor -ōris || IL defensore.
 * defiance (n. = open disobedience) || disfida-yi || S desafío || Eo Io defio, Ie defiation, Ie defí, Ia defia, Ro desafido, FN defia, IN provokasion*, Ie provocation.
 * define (v.) || definia || L definio -ire ||
 * definition (n.) || definitioni || L definitiō -ōnis ||
 * defy (v.1 = openly resist or refuse to obey) || disfida || S desafiar (&lt; VL disfidare “renounce one's faith”) || Eo defii, Io Ie Ia defiar, Ro desafider, FN defia, IN provokar, Ie provocar.
 * degree (n.) || gradi || L gradus -us ||
 * Delhi (geo.) || lu deli || L Dellium, I S F G Delhi, Ru Deli, Gr Delkhi.
 * delight (v.1 = please greatly) || delekta (tr.) || L delecto -āre (tr.) ||
 * delight in (v.2 = take great pleasure in) || gaudea (intr.) || L gaudeō -ēre, L laetor -ārī (intr.) ||
 * delight (n.1a = great pleasure) || gaudea-yi || L gaudium, L voluptas ||
 * delight (n.1b = cause of great pleasure) || delekta-yi || L delectatio, L deliciae (pl.) ||
 * deliver (v.) || trada || L trādō -ere ||
 * delivery (n.) || trada-yi || L traditiō -ōnis (&lt; L trādō -ere) ||
 * demolish (v.) || demolia || L demolior || IL demoli (= destrue mole).
 * demolition (n.) || demolia-yi || L demolitiō -ōnis || IL demolitione.
 * 🇩🇰 Denmark (geo. = Kingdom of Denmark) || lu danio-landi || L Dania (Danorum Regnum), Da Danmark (Kongeriget Danmark).
 * denim (n. = hard-wearing cotton twill fabric) || dénimi ||
 * denims (n. = denim jeans) || denimi-pantaloni ||
 * dense (a.) || denso || L dēnsus -a -um || IL denso (= condensato, cum densitate spisso, crasso, pleno, abundante).
 * density (n.) || denso-yi || L dēnsitās -ātis || IL densitate.
 * dental (a.) || denti-yo || L dēntālis &gt; I dentale, S F Ca dental || IL dentale.
 * deny (v.1 = state that something is not true) || nega || L negō -āre (from L nec), I negare, S P Ca Oc negar, Ro nega, F nier ||
 * depart (v.1 = leave) || abea || L abeō -īre ||
 * depend (v.) || dependea || L dependeo -ēre || IL depende (= pende ad sub, servi, es subjecto).
 * dependence (n.) || dependea-yi || L servitus ||
 * descend (v.) || descenda || L descendo -ere || IL descende (= anti scande).
 * descent (n.) || descenda-yi || L descensus -us || IL descensu (= ton descende).
 * desert (n.) || deserti || LaL desertum -ī &gt; Ca desert, I diserto, S desierto ||
 * deserve (v.) || merea || L mereō -ēre, L mereor -ērī [dep.] || IL mere, IL merita (= mere).
 * desire (n.1 = strong feeling of wanting something) || kupia-yi || L cupiditās -ātis, L cupīdō -inis ||
 * desire (n.2 = strong sexual appetite) || sexi-kupia-yi || L cupiditās -ātis, L cupīdō -inis ||
 * desire (v.1 = strongly wish for or want) || kupia || L cupiō -ere ||
 * desire (v.2 = want sexually) || sexi-kupia ||
 * despite, in spite of (pre. = without being affected by, from ‘in despite of’) || despektu || L etiamsi, L etsi (conj.) || I malgrado, F malgré, Ca malgrat (from L mălĕ grātus), S pese a, S a pesar de || Eo malgraŭ, ER malgru, Io NL Ia malgre, Ie malgré, Ia malgrado, Ro malgrate, Ia in despecto de, Ia nonobstante, IN obstinu, Ui obte, FN an con, IG anti.
 * dessert (n. = the sweet course eaten at the end of a meal; from F, from desservir) || desserti || F I dessert, Ru decert; S Ca postre; P sobremesa || Eo Ro deserto, Io dessero, Ia dessert.
 * device (n.1 = piece of equipment with a particular purpose)|| macini || L artificium; L machina ||
 * dew (n.) || rori || L ros - rorīs || IL rore.
 * Dhaka (geo.) || lu dhaka || Beng Ḍhākā, L I F Dacca, L S Daca, G Dhaka, Ru Dakka, Gr Ntáka.
 * dialect (n.) || dialekti || L dialectus (&lt; Gr dialektos ‘talk, conversation, speech; language of a country, dialect,’ &lt; Gr legein ‘speak’) || dialecto (= lingua particulare, idioma).
 * dialogue (n.) || diálogi || L colloquium, L dialogus -i ||
 * dictionary (n. = book that lists the words of a language and gives their meaning, or their equivalent in a different language) || diktionari (= libre di vokabularie) || L lexicon, L thesaurus, MeL dictionarius, MeL dictionarium ||
 * die (v.1 = stop living) || moria || L morior - morī &gt; I morire, S Ca Oc morir, F mourir, Ro muri, P morrer; L pereō -rīre, L intereo -rīre || IL more (= decede, peri, expira), IL peri (= more, cade, ruina).
 * diet (n.) || dieti || L diaeta -ae (&lt; Gr díaita "course of life") ||
 * differ (v.) || differa || L differo -erre || IL differ.
 * difference (n.) || differenti || L dīversitās -ātis, L differēntia -ae, L varietās -ātis || IL differentia.
 * different (n.) || differento || L dīversus -a -um, L alius -a -ud, L dispār -aris, L dissimilis -e, L differēns -ntis, L varius -a -um || IL differente (= que differ), diverso (= quem diverte, contrario, opposito, dissimile, differente), dispari (= ne pari).
 * dinner (n.1 = the main meal of the day; n.2 = formal evening meal) || ceni || L cēna -ae ||
 * dig (v.) || fodia || L fodiō - fōdī || IL fode.
 * digit (n.) || dígiti || L nota numeri; L cifra (&lt; Ar) &gt; I cifra; Gr psihphío || IL digito, IL cifra.
 * digital (a.) || digiti-yo || I digitale; Gr psihphiakós ||
 * dignity (n.) || digno-yi || L dignitās -ātis ||
 * dildo (n. = artificial penis used for female gratification; perhaps from I deletto "delight," from L dilectio, noun of action from diligere "to love") || dildi ||
 * diminish (v. = make or become smaller, weaker, or less) || minua || L minuo -ere ||
 * 🦖 dinosaur (n.) || dinosauri || MoL dinosaurium (R. Owen, 1841, &lt; Gr deinos sauros ‘terrible lizard’), MoL dinosaurus -ī, MoGr deinósauroi, I dinosauro, S dinosaurio, F Ca Oc dinosaure, P dinossauros, Ro dinozaur, Da dinosaurus, G Sw dinosaurier, Du dinosauriers, Nw dinosaurar, Ru dinozavri || Ia Eo Io dinosauro.
 * dirt (n.) || sordi || L sordēs -dis || IL sorde.
 * dirty (a.) || sordi-yo || L sordidus -a -um || IL sordido (= immundo).
 * disappoint (v. = fail to fulfil the hopes of) || frustra || L frūstror –ari; F décevoir, S P decepcionar; I deludere; G enttäuschen; Da skuffe; Du teleustellen; Sw svika || Eo trompi la esperojn, Io deceptar, Ro decepter, Ia disappunctar
 * disappointment (n.) || frustra-yi || L frūstrātiō -ōnis ||
 * disaster (n.) || kalamitati || L calamitās -ātis ||
 * 💿 disc, (US) disk || diski || L discus -ī, Gr dískos, I S P disco, Ca Oc Ro G Ru disc, F disque || IL disco (= lance, corpore plano et rotundo).
 * discern (v.) || discerna || L cernō -ere ||
 * disciple (n.) || discípuli || L alumnus -i ||
 * discipline (n.) || disciplini || L discip[u]lina -ae ||
 * discover (v.1 = find) || diskopria || LaL discooperio -ire &gt; I scoprire, Pg Ca descobrir, S descubrir, F découvrir, G entdecken, Du ontdekken, Sw upptäcka, Da opdage || Eo malkovri, Io deskovrar, Ie decovrir, NL deskovra, Ia discoperir, FN descovre, Ro descòperter, Ui diskrovo, IN dekuvrar, IG detecte.
 * discrete (a. = separate and distinct) || diskreto || L discretus -a -um ||
 * discuss (v.1 = talk about so as to reach a decision) || diskuta-loqa || LaL discuto -ere (&lt; L quatere “shake”), I discutere, F discuter, S P Ca discutir ||
 * discussion (n.1 = conversation or debate) || diskussioni, diskuta-loqa-yi || L discussio &gt; I discussione, S discusión, G Sw diskussion, F E discussion ||
 * disease (n. = illness) || morbi || L morbus -ī || IL morbo.
 * 🍽️ dish (n.) || disci || L discus -ī || IL disco (= lance, corpore plano et rotundo; vase plano pro dapes).
 * dissimilar (a. = not similar; different) || dissímilo || L dissimilis -e ||
 * distance (n.) || distanti || L distantia, L intervallum, L spatium, L longinquitas || IL distantia.
 * distant (a.) || distanti-yo || L distans, L disiunctus, L longiquus, L remotus, L amotus || IL distante.
 * distinction (n.) || distingua-yi || L distīnctiō -ōnis ||
 * distinguish (v.) || distingua || L distinguo -ere, L discerno -ere ||
 * distribute (v.) || distribua || L distribuō -ere ||
 * distribution (n.) || distribua-yi || L distribūtiō -ōnis ||
 * district (n. = particular area of a town or region) || distrikti || L regio, MeL districtus ||
 * disturb (v.) || disturba || L turbo -āre ||
 * diurnal (a. = of or in the daytime) || diurni-yo || L diurnus -a -um ||
 * 🤿 dive (v.1 = plunge head first into water with one's arms raised over one's head; swim under water using breathing equipment) || sub-nata || L mergor -eri, S bucear, G tauchen || IG acte salto in hydro (syn cephali ad-antero); IG acte necto hypo hydro ||
 * diverse (a. = widely varied) || diverso || L alius -a –um, L varius -a –um, L diversus -a -um ||
 * diversity (n.) || diverso-yi ||
 * divide (v.) || divida || L dīvidō -ere ||
 * divine (a.1 = of God or a god) || divino || L dīvīnus -a -um ||
 * division (n.) || divida-yi || L dīvīsiō -ōnis ||
 * 🥴 dizzy (a.) || vertiginoso || L vertiginosus ||
 * DJ, dee-jay (n. = Disk-Jockey, attested by 1961) || diski-pei ||
 * 🇩🇯 Djibouti (geo. = Republic of Djibouti) || lu djibutio-landi || L Gibutum (Respublica Gibutensis), F Djibouti ||
 * 🧬 DNA (n. = DesoxyriboNucleic Acid, a substance carrying genetic information) || DNA || L Acidum DesoxyriboNucleicum.
 * do (v.) || aga || L agō -ere, L facio -cere, L efficio -cere || IL age, IG acte, Eo fari, ER fara, Io facar, Ie far, IN fasiar, Ro Ia facer, NL FN fa, Ui deto.
 * doctor (n.1 = person qualified to practise medicine) || mediko-pei ||
 * doctor (n.2 = person holding a doctorate) || doktori || L doctor “teacher” ||
 * doctorate (n. = the highest degree awarded by a university) || doktorati ||
 * document (n.) || dokumenti || L documentum -i || Eo Io dokumento, Ro documento.
 * 🐕 dog (n.) || kani || L canis -is &gt; I cane, F chien, P cão, (dia.)S can, Ro câine, Oc (dia.)Ca ca; S perro; Ca gos; G Sw Da hund, Du hond; Gr kyon; Gr skýlos || IL cane (= Zool. « canis familiaris »), Ia FN can, Eo Io hundo, NL hunde, ER kano, IN kan, Ie cane, IG cani, Ui kun, Ro kanino.
 * 🎎 doll (n.) || pupi || L pupa -ae || IL pupa.
 * 🐬 dolphin (n.) || delfini || L delphīnus -ī, L delphīn -nis &gt; I delfino, S delfín, Gr delfíni, F dauphin || IL delphino (= Zool. « delphinus delphis »).
 * 🇩🇲 Dominica (geo. = Commonwealth of Dominica) || lu dominikao-landi || L Dominica, F Dominique ||
 * Dominican (geo. a.) || geo-dominikano ||
 * 🇩🇴 Dominican Republic (geo.) || lu dominikano-landi || L Res publica Dominiciana, S República Dominicana ||
 * donkey (n. = long-eared mammal of the horse family) || ásini || L asinus -ī, L asellus -ī, S P asno, F âne, Ca ase, I asino, I ciuco, S P burro, G Nw Esel, Du ezel, Da æsel, Sw åsna, Gr gáidaros || IL asino (= Zool. « equus asinus »), Eo azeno, Io asno.
 * 🚪 door (n. = movable barrier at the entrance to a building, room, etc.) || janui || L iānua –ae; L foris -is, L forēs –ium; L ōstium -ī (&lt; ōs - ōris); L porta -ae &gt; I P Ca porta, F porte, S puerta, Ro poarta, Oc pòrta; Sw dörr, Da dør, G tür, Du deur || IL janua, IL Ia IN Ie IG porta, IL fores, IL Ia ostio, Ui dor, Eo ER Id pordo, NL FN porte, Ro porto.
 * dot (n.) || punkti || L punctum -i ||
 * doubt (n.) || dubita-yi, dubi || L dubium -i ||
 * doubt (v.) || dúbita || L dubitō -āre ||
 * doubtful (a.) || dubio || L dubius -a -um ||
 * dove (n.1 = bird with a cooing call) || kolumbi || L columbus -ī, L columba -ae, I colombo, F colombe, Ca colom, S paloma, F pigeon, G Taube || IL columba (= Zool. « columba livia »), Eo Io kolombo.
 * ⬇ down (adv.1 = to, in, or at a lower place or level) || deorse || L deorsum || IL ab alto ad imo.
 * down (pre.1 = from a higher to a lower point of) || deorsu || L de [+ abl.] ||
 * ⬇ downward, downwards (adv. = toward the ground or toward a lower level) || deorse || L deorsum || IL ab alto ad imo.
 * 🐲 dragon (n.) || drakoni || L dracō -ōnis, S dragón, Ca drac ||
 * draw (v.1 = produce a picture or diagram by making lines and marks on paper) || delinia || L delineo/delinio -are ||
 * drawing (n.) || delinia-yi || L delineatio -onis, L pictura linearis ||
 * dream (v.) || somnia || L somniō -āre &gt; Ca somniar, Ca somiar, S soñar || IL somnia.
 * dream (n.) || somni || L somnium &gt; Ca somni, S sueño || IL somnio.
 * dreamer (n.) || somnia-pei || S soñador ||
 * 👗 dress (n.) || vestiti || L vestis muliebris, L vestitus -us, S vestido ||
 * drink (v.) || biba || L bibō –ere &gt; S P beber, F boire, Ca Oc beure, I bere, Ro bea; L pōtō -āre || IL bibe, IL pota.
 * ☕ drink (n.) || potioni || L pōtiō -ōnis, L potus || IL potione, IL bibito.
 * 🐪 dromedary (n. = an Arabian camel, especially … trained for riding or racing) || dromedari || LaL (camelus) dromedarius (&lt; Gr droma(do)s kamelos "running camel"), S dromedario ||
 * 🤤 drool (v. = drop saliva uncontrollably from the mouth) || exbaba || I sbavare, P babar, S babear ||
 * 💧 drop (n.) || gutti || L gutta -ae, L stilla -ae ||
 * drug (n.) || narkoti || I S Ca droga (from MDu droge waere, lit. "dry wares") || Eo ER Io drogo, IN Ui drog, Ie drogue, NL droge, Ia Ui droga, IG narco-ma.
 * 🥁 drum (n. = a percussion instrument sounded by being struck with sticks or the hands, typically cylindrical, barrel-shaped, or bowl-shaped, with a taut membrane over one or both ends) || tímpani || L tympanum, Gr t´ympano, I tamburo, F tambour, S P Ca Oc tambor, Ro toba, G Du trommel, Nw Da tromme, Sw trumma, Ru baraban, Tu davul ||
 * dry (a.) || sikko || L siccus -a -um, I secco, S seco, Pg sêco, F Ca sec; L āridus -a -um; Du droog, Da tør, Sw torr, G trocken || IL sicco, IL arido (= que are, sicco).
 * dry (v.) || sikka || L siccō -āre || IL sicca (= redde sicco).
 * 🦆 duck (n.) || ánati || L anas -atis, I anitra, Ca ànec, S P pato, F canard, G Ente, Sw anka, Da and, Du eend || IL anate (= Zool. « anas boscas »).
 * dull (a.) || hébeto || L hebes -etis || IL hebete (= obtuso, tardo, sine acumine).
 * dumb (a.1 = unable to speak) || muto || L mutus -a -um ||
 * 🥟 dumpling (n. = a small savoury ball of dough (usually made with suet) which may be boiled, fried, or baked in a casserole) || dumpling-cibi ||
 * dung (n. = animal excrement) || zoi-exkrementi ||
 * during (pre.) || dumu || L dum ||
 * dust (n.) || púlveri || L pulvis -eris, S polvo || IL pulvere.
 * Dutch (geo. a.) || geo-nederlandio (= du lu nederlandi || L Batavus -a -um, L Nederlandensis -e.
 * Dutch (lang.) || lu neder-glossi (= lu nederlandio-glossi) || L Lingua Batavica, L Lingua Nederlandica, L Lingua Germano-Batavica, L Lingua Germanica inferior.
 * each (det. = every one of two or more, regarded separately) || singlo || L quisque - quaeque – quodque; L singulī -ae –a; VL cata (&lt; Gr katá) &gt; S P Ca cada, F chaque, I ciascuno || IL singulo, Ie singul, Io singla, Eo ĉia, Ia cata, FN cada, Ie chascun, Ro cascuna, Ui jaki, NL chaki.
 * each other (pron. used to refer to each member of a group when each does something to or for other members) || altri-altri || L alter alterum ||
 * eager (a.) || ávido || L avidus -a -um ||
 * eagerness (n.) || avido-yi || L aviditas -atis ||
 * 🦅 eagle (n.) || áqili || L aquila -ae (&lt; L aquilus (= ‘blackish, dark colored’), I aquila, S águila, P águia, F aigle, G aar, Sw örn, Da ørn, Du arend, G adler || IL aquila.
 * 👂 ear (n.) || aurikli, oti || L auris -is, L auricula -ae, VL *aurecla, Oc aurelha, I orecchia, Ro ureche, P orelha, Ca orella, F oreille, S oreja, Gr aftí, Gr ous ot- || IL aure, IL auricula (= parvo aure, aure).
 * Earth (n.1 = the planet we live on) || lu terri||
 * earth (n.2 = soil) || terri || L terra -ae, L tellūs -ūris || IL terra, IL tellure.
 * 🧭⬅️ east (n.) || orienti || L oriens, L ortus [&lt; orior], Du oosten, G osten, Sw öster, Da øst, I F Ca est, S P este, P leste || IL Ia oriente (IL = directione, ubi sol ori, anti occidente; Asia (pro europæos)), Eo ER Io IG Ro oriento, Ia levante, IN Ia est, Io Ro esto, Ie Ui ost, NL FN este.
 * 🇹🇱 East Timor, Timor-Leste (geo. = Democratic Republic of East Timor) || lu timor-lesto-landi || L Timora Orientalis, P Timor-Leste (República Democrática de), Tet Timór Lorosa'e, S F Timor Oriental, I Timor Est, G Osttimor, Gr Anatolikó Timór ||
 * eastern (a.) || orienti-yo || L orientalis || IL orientale.
 * easy (a.) || fácilo || L facilis -e, I F facile, Ro facil, S P fácil, Ca Oc fàcil || IL facile (= quem pote fac).
 * eat (v.1 = chew and swallow food) || eda, komeda || L edō -ere/ēsse, L comedō -ere, L vēscor, LaL manduco -are || IL ede.
 * 🇪🇨 Ecuador (geo. = Republic of Ecuador) || lu eqadorio-landi || L Aequatoria (Res publica Aequatoriae), S Ecuador (República del Ecuador).
 * Ecuadorian (geo. a.) || geo-eqadorio || L Aequatorianus -a -um ||
 * edit (v. = prepare for publication) || édita || L ēdō -ere (“bring forth, publish”) &gt; S editar ||
 * education (n.) || eduka-yi || L ēducātiō -ōnis (“bringing up, rearing”), S educación ||
 * educate (v. = give intellectual or moral instruction) || eduka || L ēducō -āre (“bring up, rear”), S educar ||
 * eel (n.) || kapitoni || L capitō -ōnis || -.
 * effect (n.1 = change produced by an action or other cause; result || effekti || L effectus -us ||
 * effect (v. = bring about an effect) || effikia || L efficio -ere.
 * effective (a.1 = producing an intended result) || effektivo || L efficiens, L efficax ||
 * efficient (a. = working productively with no waste of money or effort) || efficento || L efficiens, L efficax ||
 * 🥚 egg (n.) || ovi || L ovum -ī, P ôvo, I uovo/uova, Ro Ca Oc ou, F oeuf, S huevo, Da æg, Sw ägg, G Du ei, Gr oon || IL Eo ER Io Ia FN Ro ovo, IN Ui ov, IG ova, Ie NL ove.
 * 🍆 eggplant (US) (n. = aubergine) || melóngeni ||
 * 🇪🇬 Egypt (geo. = Arab Republic of Egypt) || lu egipto-landi || Ar Mis.r, L Aegyptus (Arabica Aegypti Respublica),Gr Aígyptos, Nw Egypt, Ro Po Egipt, S Egipto, Ca Oc Egipte, F Égypte, I Egitto, P Egito, Du Egypte, Sw Da Egypten, G Ägypten, Ru Egipyet, Tu Misir || Ia Egypto, Eo Egiptio, Io Ie NL Egiptia, FN Misre.
 * Egyptian (geo. a.) || geo-egipto || L Aegyptius -ia -ium ||
 * 8️⃣ eight (num. 8) || okto || L octo, I otto, S ocho, P oito, F huit (/wit/ in Belgian F), Ca vuit, Oc uèch, Ro opt || IL octo.
 * 1️⃣8️⃣ eighteen (num. 18) || 18 [mono-okto] || L duodēvīgintī || -.
 * eighth (ord.) || 8-yo || L octāvus -a -um || IL octavo (= cum numero ordinale octo).
 * 8️⃣ 0️⃣ eighty (num. 80) || 80 [okto-deko] || L octāgintā, VL octainta, I ottanta || -.
 * either (adv.) || autu || L aut &gt; S o ||
 * 🇸🇻 El Salvador (geo. = Republic of El Salvador) || lu salvadoro-landi || L Salvatoria, S El Salvador (República de) ||
 * elderly (a. = old (a.3 = showing signs of age)) || seno ||
 * electric (a.) || elektroni-yo || L electricus, MoL electrica vi imbutus ||
 * ⚡ electricity (n.) || elektroni-yi (instead of elektroni-yo-yi) || L electris -idis, MoL electricitas, MoL electrismus, MoL electrica vis ||
 * electron (n., coined 1891 by physicist G. J. Stoney) || elektroni || L electron -onis, L electronium, S electrón, F électron, I elettrone, Gr ihlektrónio || Ia electron, Eo Io elektrono, NL elektrone.
 * element (n.) || elementi || L elementum -ī, L principium -ī || IL elemento (= principio, rudimento).
 * 🐘 elephant (n.) || elefanti || L elephā(n)s -ntis, L elephantus -ī, Gr elephas - (gen.) elephantos, I S P elefante, F éléphant, Ca elefant || IL elephante.
 * elevator (US) (n. = lift in a building) || eleva-macini ||
 * 1️⃣1️⃣ eleven (num.) || 11 [mono-mono] || L undecim, I undici, S once, P F Ca Oc onze, Ro unsprezece || -.
 * eleventh (ord.) || 11-yo ||
 * 🧝 elf (n. = a supernatural creature of folk tales, …;of Germanic origin) || elfi ||
 * elude (v. = escape cleverly from) || eluda || L ēlūdō -ere &gt; S eludir; S esquivar ||
 * email, e-mail (n.1 = the sending of electronic messages from one computer user to another) || elektroni-posti || L cursus electronicus, L epistula electronica, L electrogramma -atis, I posta elettronica, S correo electrónico, Gr ihlektronikó takhudromeío || Eo retpoŝto.
 * 📧 email, e-mail (n.2 = message sent by email) || elektroni-nunti ||
 * 🤦 embarrassed (a.) || perturbato || L perturbatus -a -um ||
 * embassy (n.) || legationi || L lēgātiō -ōnis ||
 * 🥺 emotion (n.) || emotioni ||
 * emperor (n. = male ruler of an empire) || imperatori || L imperātor -ōris ||
 * empire (n.) || imperi || L imperium -i ||
 * employ (v.1 = give work to someone and pay them for it; from L implicāre “involve”) || labora-implika ||
 * employ (v.2 = make use of) || usa ||
 * employee (n. = person who works for someone; from L implicatus “involved”, via F) || (labora-) implikodo-pei ||
 * employer (n. = person or company that pays other people to do work; from L implicator, via F) || (labora-) implika-pei ||
 * employment (n. = having a job that you are paid to do) || labora-implika-yi || L occupatio &gt; Ca ocupació; S empleo ||
 * empty (n.) || vaqo || L vanus -a -um, L vacuus -a -um, I vuoto, S vació, P vazio, F vide, Oc void, Ca buit, Ro gol ||
 * end (n. = the final part) || fini || L fīnis -is &gt; I fine, F S fin, P fim, Ca fi -ns, G Da ende, Sw ände, Du einde || IL Ie NL fine, Eo ER Io Ro IG fino, IN fini, Ia fin, FN fini, Ui fend.
 * end (v. = bring or come to an end) || finia || L finiō -īre, I finire, F finir, L desino -ere, S P Ca acabar, I terminare, S terminar, F terminer, G enden (intr. v.), G beenden (tr. v.) || IL Eo FN fini (IL = da fine), IL desine (= termina, cessa, fini; &lt; sine), IL termina (= pone termino, limita, fini, determina), ER NL fina, IN finiar, Io finar, Ie Ia finir, Ro finer, Ui fendo, IG date fino (tr. v.); IG gene fino (intr. v.).
 * ending (n.) || finia-yi || L exitus ||
 * enemy (n.) || hosti-pei || L hostis -is ||
 * 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 England (geo.) || lu anglo-landi || L Anglia (&lt; L Angli ("the Angles," lit. "people of Angul," a region on the Jutland coast in what is now Holstein, said to be so-called for its hook-like shape. They overran the island Britain in 5c. Their name, rather than that of the Saxons or Jutes, may have become the common one for the whole group of Germanic tribes because their dialect was the first committed to writing.), G Sw Da England, Du Engeland, L Angla terra, Ca Anglaterra, F Angleterre, S P Inglaterra, I Inghilterra ||
 * English (geo. a.) || geo-anglo || L Anglicus, Du Engels, Sw engelsk, G englisch, G Engländer, Da Englænder, F Anglais, I Inglese, S inglés, P inglês, Ca anglès ||
 * English (lang.) || lu anglo-glossi || L lingua Anglica, L lingua Anglicana ||
 * enjoy (v. = take pleasure in) || frua || L fruor - frui, L gaudeo in [+ abl.] ||
 * enjoyment (n.) || frua-yi || L fructus, L gaudium ||
 * enough (adv. = to the required degree or extent (used after an adjective, adverb, or verb)) || sate || L sat, L satis, L affatim, F assez, S P bastante, I assai, G genügend, Da nok, Du genoeg, Sw nog || IL sat, IL Ia satis (IL = in modo sufficiente, sat), Io sate, Ia bastante, Eo sufiĉe, Ro sufiçante.
 * enough (det. = as much or as many as required) || sato || F suffisant, S suficiente, I sufficiente, P suficiente, G genügend, Da tilstrækkelig, Du voldoende, Sw tillräcklig || Eo sufiĉa, Io sata, Io suficanta, Ro sufiçanta, Ia bastante, Ia sufficiente.
 * ensure (v. = make certain that something will occur or be so; from VL *assēcūrō –āre from sēcūrus) || certifika || L assero -ere; L certifico -āre; L declaro -āre; L assevero -āre; L auctor sum; S asegurar ||
 * enter (v.1 = come or go into) || intra || L intro -āre, L ineo -īre, L ingredior -iri.
 * entire (a. = with no part left out) || integro || L integer -gra -grum, L tōtus –a –um ||
 * entrance (n.) || áditi || L aditus -ūs, L introitus -ūs ||
 * ✉ envelope (n., of uncertain origin, perhaps Celtic) || envelopi || L involucrum, F enveloppe, P envelope, Du envelop, I busta, S Ca sobre, Ro plic, G Briefumschlag, Du, briefomslag, Sw Da kuvert, Nw konvolutt ||
 * ✉ epistle (n = letter n.2) || epístuli ||
 * equal (a.) || eqalo || L aequus -a -um, S P Ca igual, I uguale, F égal, Ro Oc egal || IL aequo.
 * equality (n.) || eqalo-yi || L aequitas -stis || IL aequitate.
 * equator (n.) || eqatori || L MeL [circulus] aequator ||
 * 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea (geo. = Republic of Equatorial Guinea) || lu eqator-gineo-landi || L Guinea Aequinoctialis (Respublica Guineae Aequinoctialis), S Guinea Ecuatorial (República de) ||
 * 🇪🇷 Eritrea (geo. = State of Eritrea) || lu eritreo-landi || L Erythraea (Civitas Erythraeae) ||
 * error (n.1 = mistake) || errori || L delictum, L erratum, L error -ōrris, L peccātum –ī ||
 * Esperanto (lang.) || lu esperanto || S Esperanto ||
 * estimate (v.) || estima || L aestimo -āre ||
 * 🇪🇪 Estonia (geo. = Republic of Estonia) || lu estonio-landi || L S Estonia, Est Eesti (Eesti Vabariik).
 * Estonian (geo. a.) || geo-estonio || L Estonis -e.
 * eternal (a.) || eterno || L sempiternus -a -um, L aeternus -a (&lt; aevum) ||
 * 🇪🇹 Ethiopia (geo. = Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia) || lu etiopio-landi || L Aethiopia (Respublica Democratica Foederalis Aethiopiae) ||
 * euro (n.) || euromoneti (= moneti du lu europi) ||
 * Europe (geo.) || lu europi || L Europa || IL Europa.
 * European (geo. a.) || geo-euro (= du lu europi) || L Europaeus || IL Europæo.
 * 🇪🇺 European Union (geo.) || lu europi-unioni || L Unio Europaea ||
 * even (adv. used for emphasis) || etse (&lt; L etsi ‘although, even if’) || L etiam, L quoque, L vel, F même, S aun, I anche, I perfino, P ainda, G selbst, Da selv, Du zelfs, Sw även || Eo eĉ, Io mem, Ia mesmo, Ro etiam.
 * evening (n.) || vésperi || L vesper -ri/-ris, Ca vespre || IL Ia vespere, Eo Io vespero, ER vespro, IN vespr, NL vespre, Ie véspere, Ro véspero, Ui vespen.
 * event (n.) || evenia-yi, eventi || L eventus, L exitus, L casus, I avvenmento, F événement, S evento, G Ereignis || IL Ie eventu (IL = to eveni, casu), Eo Io Ia Ro evento, Ie eveniment, NL evente, Ui usveno, FN aveni, Eo okazo, ER okasio, IG accido, IN kasu.
 * ever (adv.1 = at any time) || unqe || L unquam, L umquam, L aliquandō, S algún día, I un giorno, G je, Da nogensinde, Du ooit, Sw någonsin ||o iam, Io ultempe, Ia aliquando, Ro alicuande, Ia unquam.
 * ever (adv.2 = always) || sempre || L semper ||
 * every (det.) || omno || L omnis -e, L quisque - quaeque - quodque || IL omni.
 * everybody (pro. = every person) || omno homi || L quisque, L ūnusquisque, L nēmō nōn, L omnēs, L quīvīs, L quilibet || -.
 * everyone (pro. = every person) || omno homi ||
 * everything (pro.) || omno rei || L omnia, L quidvīs, L quidlibet ||
 * everywhere (adv.) || ubiqe || L ubīque, L ubivīs, L quidlibet || IL ubique (= in omni loco), ubicumque.
 * evil (a.1 = very immoral and wicked) || malo || L malus -a -um, L pravus –a -um, L improbus –a –um ||
 * evilness (n.) || malo-yi ||
 * ewe (n.1 = female sheep) || feo-ovikli || L ovis femina ||
 * exact (a.1 = correct in all details) || exakto || L exactus -a -um ||
 * exam (n.) || exámini || L examen -nis [&lt; exagmen] ||
 * example (n.) || exempli || L exemplum (= "sample," lit. "that which is taken out"), F Ca exemple, S ejemplo, I esempio, Sw exempel, Da eksempel, G beispiel, Du voorbeeld || Eo ekzemplo, ER eksemplo, IN eksempl, IL Io Ia Ro exemplo, Ie NL exemple, FN esemplo, Ui samp, IG specio.
 * excellent (a.) || ekcelso || L excelsus -a -um ||
 * except (pre.) || ekceptu || L (abl.) excepto (&lt; L excipio -ere), S excepto || Eo escepte de, Io ecepte, Ro eccepte.
 * except (v.) || ekcipia || L excipio -ere, L eximo -ere ||
 * exception (n.) || ekceptioni || L exceptiō -ōnis ||
 * excessive (a. = too much) || nimio || L nimius -a -um ||
 * exclaim (v.) || exklama || L exclamō -āre ||
 * exclamation (n.) || exklama-yi || L exclamatio -onis ||
 * excrement (n. = waste matter discharged from the bowels) || exkrementi || L excrementum -i, L stercus -coris ||
 * excuse (v.) || exkusa || L excusō -āre ||
 * exercise (n.) || exerciti, exerkea-yi || L exercitium -i ||
 * exercise (v.) || exerkea || L exercito -are, L exerceō -ēre (&lt; L arceo) ||
 * exist (v. = be real) || exista || L exsisto -ere, L sum - esse – fuīsse || IL exsiste.
 * existence (n.) || exista-yi ||
 * exit (v. = go out of or leave a place) || exea || L exeō -īre, L ēvādō -ere.
 * exit (n.1 = way out) || éxiti || L exitus -ūs, L effugium -ī ||
 * exit (n.2 = act of leaving) || exea-yi || L exitus -ūs, L effugium -ī.
 * expensive (a. = costing a lot of money) || pretioso || L pretiōsus -a -um ||
 * experience (n.) || experia-yi || L experientia -ae ||
 * experience (v.) || experia || L experior, -iri ||
 * experiment (n.) || experimenti || L experimentum -i ||
 * experienced (a. = having knowledge or skill gained over time) || périto || L peritus -a -um, L experiens; L callidus -a –um ||
 * expert (a. = having or involving great knowledge or skill) || périto || L peritus -a -um, L callidus -a –um; L sciens ||
 * 🤯 explode (v.) || exploda || L explodo -ere ||
 * express (v.1 = convey a feeling etc. by words or gestures) || exprima || L exprimo; L loquor; L dico; L significo ||
 * express (a.) || expresso || L clarus; L certus; L expressus ||
 * extend (v.) || extenda || L tendō -ere, L extendō -ere ||
 * external (a. = of or on the outside) || externo || L externus -a -um, L exter(us) –a –um, L exterior -ius ||
 * extinct (a.) || ekstinkto || exstincto (= quem exstingue)
 * extinguish (v.) || ekstingua || exstingue (⊂ ex stingue)
 * 🧯 extinguisher (n.) || igni-ekstingua-rei || S extintor |
 * extract (v.1 = remove with care or effort) || extraha || L extraho -ere ||
 * extreme (a.) || extremo || L extrēmus -a -um ||
 * 👀 eye (n.) || ókuli || L oculus -ī &gt; I occhio, Ro ochi, P olho, F oeil, Oc uelh, Ca ull, S ojo; Gr okkos || IL Ia oculo, Eo Io okulo, ER oklo, IN okul, Ie ocul, NL okule, IG oculi, Ro óculo, FN oio, Ui oj.
 * 🤨 eyebrow (n.) || supercili || L supercilium -ī, I sopracciglia, P sobrancelhas, F sourcils, Ca Oc cella, S ceja ||
 * fable (n. = story with a moral or based on myth) || fábuli || L fabula -ae ||
 * fabric (n.1 = cloth) || panni || L textile –is, L textum –I, L pannus ||
 * face (n. = the front of the head) || faci || L faciēs -iēī, L voltus -ūs, L vultus -ūs, L ōs - ōris || IL facie, IL vultu (= facie, fronte).
 * fair (a.1 = treating people equally without favouritism or discrimination) || justo || L iustus -a -um ||
 * 🧚‍♀‍ fairy (n.) || fadi || L P Ca fada, I fata, S Oc hada, F fée, G Du fee, Sw Nw fe, Gr neráides ||
 * faith (n.) || fidi || L fides ||
 * faithful (a.) || fido || L fidus -a -um ||
 * 🧆 falafel (n. = a Middle Eastern dish of spiced mashed chickpeas or other pulses formed into balls or fritters and deep-fried, usually eaten with or in pitta bread. From colloquial Egyptian Ar falāfil, plural of fulful, filfil ‘pepper’) || faláfeli || L falafel ||
 * fall (v.1 = move downwards quickly and without control) || kada || L cadō -ere || IL cade.
 * fall (n.1 = act of falling) || kada-yi || L cāsus -ūs || IL casu (= to cade, occasu, accidente).
 * fall (US) (n.5 = autumn) || autumni || L autumnus ||.
 * false (a.) || falso || L falsus -a -um ||
 * fame (n.) || fami || L S fama, Gr kledon ||
 * 👪 family (n.) || famili || L familia -ae, S familia, P Ca Oc família, Ro familie, I famiglia || IL familia.
 * 🤩 famous (a.) || fami-yo || L clarus, L praeclarus, L nōtus -a -um, L celeber ||
 * far (adv.) || longe || L longe &gt; I lungi, P longe, F loin, S lejos, Ca lluny, Oc luènh; L procul; Ro departe; Gr tíhle || IL longe (= ad longo intervallo, distante, procul).
 * far (a.) || distanti-yo || L longinquus -a -um || IL longinquo (= quod es longe, remoto, distante, anti proximo).
 * farm (n. = area of land and buildings used for growing crops and rearing animals) || agri-negoti || L ager -gri ‘field, ground, territory, country, farm’ ||
 * 🧑‍🌾 farmer (n.) || agri-pei (= agríkolo pei) || L agricola -ae, L colōnus -ī || IL agricultore (= que cole agro).
 * fast (a.1 = moving or able to move very quickly) || célero || L celer -ris -re ||
 * fasten (v. = close or do up securely) || affiga || L astringo –ere; L affigo -ere ||
 * fat (a.1 = having too much fat) || pinguo || L pinguis -e, L crassus -a -um || IL pingue (= crasso).
 * fat (n.1 = oily substance found in animals) || adipi || L adips -pis, L pingue -is, L crassa ||
 * fatal (a. = causing death or disaster) || fatalo || L fātālis -e ||
 * fate (n. = the power believed to control future events) || fati || L fatum -i ||
 * father (n. = male parent) || patri || L pater -tris &gt; I S padre, Ca Oc pare, P pai, F père; L genitor -ōris; Ro tata || IL patre.
 * father-in-law (n. = father of a person’s husband or wife) || sókeri || L socer -rī &gt; Ro socru, P sogro, I suocero, S suegro, Ca Oc sogre; F beau-père || IL patre.
 * fault (n.) || kulpi || L culpa -ae ||
 * fear (v.1 = be afraid of) || timea || L timeō -ēre, L paveō -ēre, L metuō -ere, L formido -āre || IL time (= pave, habe timore), IL pave.
 * fear (n. = unpleasant emotion caused by the threat of danger, pain, etc.) || timea-yi || L timor -ōris, L metus -ūs, L formido || IL timore (= to time), IL metu (= timore, pavore).
 * feast (n.2 = large meal marking a special occasion) || konvivi || L convīvium -i ||
 * feather (n.) || penni, plumi || L penna –ae &gt; I penna, P pena; L pluma -ae &gt; S pluma, F plume; G Feder, Da fjer, Du veer, Sw fjäder || IL Ia penna, IL Ia pluma, Eo Io Ro plumo.
 * February (n. = the second month) || februari (= mensi duo-yo du anni) || L Februarius (&lt; L februa, Roman festival of purification) &gt; I febbraio, Ca febrer, S febrero, Oc febrièr, Gr febrouários, Da G Nw februar, Du Sw februari, Ro februarie, P fevereiro, F février || Ie februar, Eo Io februaro, Ia IL februario (= mense numero 2), NL februare, VP febul.
 * federal (a.) || federi-yo || L federatus -a -um, L federalis -e, S federal, F fédéral ||
 * federate (v. = unite as a federation) || federa || L foederō -āre ‘league together’ ||
 * federation (n.) || féderi || L foedus -deris, LaL foederatiō -ōnis ||
 * 🍼 feed (v.1 = give food to) || ala || L alo -ere ||
 * feel (v.1 = be aware of or examine by touch) || sentia || L sentiō -īre || IL senti.
 * feeling (n.) || sentia-yi ||
 * ♀️ female (a.) || femini-yo, feo- || L fēmineus -a -um (&lt; fēmina) || IL feminino (= de femina).
 * fertile (a.) || fértilo || L fertilis -e ||
 * few, a few (det. = a small number of) || pauko || L paucus -a -um &gt; I S poco –a, P pouco -a, F peu || IL pauco (= ne multo), Ia pauc, Io poka, Ro pauca, Eo malmulta.
 * fibre, (US) fiber (n.1 = each of the strands forming plant or animal tissue, cloth, or minerals) || fibri || L fibra –ae; L filum ||
 * fiction (n.) || fiktioni || L fictiō -ōnis ||
 * fiddle (n.1 = violin) || violini ||
 * field (n.) || kampi || L campus -ī, L ager agrī, L arvum -ī, L rūs - rūris, L pratum -ī || IL campo, IL agro, IL arvo.
 * fierce (a.) || feroco || L ferox ||
 * 1️⃣5️⃣ fifteen (num.) || 15 [mono-cinqo] || L quīndecim || -.
 * fifth (ord.) || 5-yo || L quīntus -a -um, S quinto -a || IL quinto (= cum numero ordinale quinque).
 * 5️⃣0️⃣ fifty (num.) || 50 [cinqo-deko] || L quīnquāgintā, VL cinquainta || -.
 * 🤼🏾 fight (v.) || pugna || L pugnō –āre; L dimicō –āre; L certō –āre; L contendo –ere; L proelior; L luctor -ari &gt; S luchar, Ca lluitar; L battuere, L combattuere, LaL combattere &gt; I combattere, F combattre, Ca combatre, P combater, S combater; G kämpfen, Da kæmpe, Sw kämpa; G fechten, Du vechten || IL pugna, Ia pugnar, Eo batali, ER batala, IN Io kombatar, Ie Ia combatter, NL kombata, Ro combater, Io luktar, Ia luctar, IG acte milito.
 * fight (n.) || pugna-yi || L pugna –ae; L proelium -ī; L contentiō -ōnis || IL pugna (= prœlio, certamine), FN batalia, FN combate, IG milito.
 * fighter (n.) || pugna-pei || L pugnator; L proeliator ||
 * figure (n. = number or numerical symbol) || númeri ||
 * filament (n.1 = slender thread) || filamenti || L fibrae; L filum; MoL filamentum ||
 * file (n.1 = folder or box for keeping loose papers; n.2 = set of computer data stored under a single name) || arcivi || LaL archivum (&lt; Gr) &gt; S archivo, I archivio || Ro fiçhero.
 * fill (v.) || plea || L -pleo -plere ||
 * 🎥 film (n.1 = thin flexible strip of light-sensitive material for photos or motion pictures) || pellíkuli || L pellicula &gt; S película, Ca pel.lícula || Ro filmo, Ro películo.
 * 🎥 film (n.2 = story or event recorded by a camera and shown in a cinema or on television) || filmi || L pellicula (= opus artis cinematographicae); L taeniola, Gr kinihmatográphos, I F Ro G Sw Da Nw Du Ru Tu film, P Oc filme || Eo Io Ro filmo, Ro películo.
 * final (a.1. = coming at the end) || fini-yo || L finalis &gt; I finale, S P F Ca final || IL finale (= de fine), Ie Ia FN final, Eo Io Ro fina, ER fine, IN finiik, NL final(i), Ui fendi, IG fino.
 * final (a.2 = last) || último ||
 * finally (adv.) || fini-ye (instead of fini-yo-ye) || I S P finalmente, F finalement, Ca finalment || Eo ER Io Ro fine, IN finie, FN final, NL finalim, Ia finalmente, Ie finalmen, FN a fini, IG fino.
 * find (v.1 = discover) || trova || L inveniō –īre; L reperiō -īre; VL *tropo –are &gt; I trovare, F trouver, Ca Oc trobar, S P encontrar; S hallar, P achar; Ro gasi; G finden, Da finde, Du vinden, Sw finna || IL reperi, IL inveni, Eo trovi, ER NL FN trova, Io Ie Ia trovar, Ro trover, IN truvar, Ui findo, IG detecte.
 * ☝️ finger (n.) || dáktili || L digitus –ī &gt; I dito, Ca dit, S P dedo, F doigt, Ro deget, Oc det; Gr dákhtylo; G Sw Da finger, Du vinger || IL Ia ER digito, IN digit, FN dito, Ro díjito, Ui dig, IG dactyli, Eo Io fingro, Ie NL fingre.
 * finish (v. = end) || finia || L finio -ire ||
 * 🇫🇮 Finland (geo. = Republic of Finland) || lu finlandi || L Finnia (Res publica Finniae), L Finlandia, Fi Suomi (Suomen tasavalta), Sw Finland (Republiken Finland).
 * Finn (geo. n. = person from Finland) || finlandi-pei || L Finnus -a -um.
 * Finnish (geo. a.) || finlandio (= du lu finlandi) || L Finnus -a -um.
 * Finnish (lang.) || lu finlandio-glossi || L Lingua Finnica, Fi Suomen kieli.
 * 🔥 fire (n.) || igni || L ignis -is, VL focus -ī, L ardor -oris || IL igne, IL foco (= foco, igni, centro de radios reflexo aut refracto).
 * 🧨 firecracker (n.) || petardi || I S petardo, F pétard, Ca petard, P bombinha ||
 * 🧑‍🚒 firefighter (n.) || sifonari || L siphonarius ||
 * firm (a. = not giving way under pressure) || firmo || L firmus -a -um ||
 * 🥇 first (ord.) || primo || L prīmus -a -um, L prīnceps -ipis, Gr protos || IL primo, IG proto.
 * 🐟 fish (n.) || pisci || PIE *peisk &gt; L piscis -is &gt; I pesce, S pez, P peixe, Ca peix, F poisson, Gmc *fisk &gt; G Fisch, Sw Da fisk, Du vis || IL Ia pisce, ER pisko, IN pisk, Ie pise, IG pisci, FN pex, Ro piço, Ui pic, Eo fiŝo, Io fisho, NL fishe.
 * 🎣 fish (v.) || piska || L piscor -ārī || IL pisca (= capta pisce).
 * 👊 fist (n.) || pugni || L pugnus -ī || IL pugno.
 * fit (a.1 = of a suitable quality, standard, or type) || apto || L aptus; L idoneus; L opportunus; L habilis; L commodus ||
 * 5️⃣ 5 five (num.) || cinqo || L quinque, VL cīnque &gt; I cinque, S P cinco, Ca Oc cinc, F cinq, Ro cinci; Gr pénte || IL quinque, IL penta-.
 * 🏳 flag (n.) || vexilli || L vexillum -i; I bandiera, S bandera, P bandeira; F drapeau, Ro drapel; G Flagge; Gr sihmaía ||
 * 🔥 flame (n. = glowing stream of burning gas produced by something on fire) || flammi || L flamma -ae ||
 * 🦩 flamingo (n.) || flammípteri || L phoenicopterus (from Gr phoinikópteros, lit. 'red-feathered'), S flamenco ||
 * flat (a.1 = level and even) || plano || L planus -a -um ||
 * flavour (US flavor) (n.1 = the distinctive taste of a food or drink) || sapori || L sapor -oris (&lt; sapio -ire ‘taste of, show good sense’) ||
 * flax (n. = blue-flowered plant grown esp. for making cloth) || lini || L linum -i ||
 * flee (v. = run away) || fugia || L fugiō -ere || IL fuge.
 * flesh (n.) || karni || L carō - carnis || IL carne.
 * flexible (a.) || flexíbilo || L flexibilis -e ||
 * flight (n. = the act of flying) || vola-yi || L volātus -ūs || IL volatu (= ton vola).
 * flight (n. = the act of running away) || fugia-yi || L fuga, L effugium || IL fuga (= to fuge).
 * float (v.) || fluita || L fluitō -āre || -.
 * flock (n.1 = a number of birds or animals together) || gregi || L grex - gregis ||
 * flour (n.) || farri || L far - farris ||
 * flow (v.1 = move steadily and continuously in a stream) || flua || L flūo -ere || IL flue.
 * 🌺 flower (n.) || flori || L flos - floris, L flosculus || IL flore.
 * fly (n. = two-winged flying insect) || muski || L musca -ae, I S P Ca mosca, F mouche, G Fliege, Du vlieg, Da flue, Sw fluga || IL musca.
 * fly (v. = move throuhg the air) || vola || L volō –āre, L volitō -āre &gt; I volare, S Ca Oc volar, P voar, F voler, Ro zbura || IL vola.
 * fluorine (n. = chemical element #9 [F], coined 1813 by Davy, &lt; L fluor "flowing") || fluori || MoL fluorum, MoL phthorum, MoL fluor, F G Du Sw Nw Da Ro Ca Oc fluor, S P flúor, I fluoro, Tu flor, Gr phthório || Ia fluor, Eo Io fluoro, NL fluore.
 * 🌫️ fog (n.) || nébuli || L nebula -ae, L cālīgō -inis || IL nebula, IL caligine (= nebula, obscuritate de visione).
 * 📁 folder (n. = folding cover or wallet for loose papers) || kartofilaci || L chartophylacium, I cartella, S carpeta; F classeur à attaches, Tu klasör; G Hefter || Eo dosierujo, Ro fiçheruyo, Ro documentuyo.
 * follow (v.) || seqa || L sequor – sequī, S seguir ||
 * following (a.) || seqento || L sequens, I seguente, Pg seguinte, S siguiente, Ca següent, F suivant || Eo sekvanta, Io sequanta, Ro secuanta, NL sekuent(i), Ie sequent, Ia sequente, FN seguente.
 * 🍲 food (n.) || cibi, alimenti || L cibus -ī; L alimentum -ī; L ēsca -ae || IL cibo, IL alimento, IL esca.
 * foolish (a. = silly or unwise) || stulto || L stultus -a -um ||
 * 🦶 foot (n.) || pedi || L pēs - pedis &gt; I piede, F pied, S pie, P pé, Ca peu, Oc pè, Ro picior || IL pede.
 * ⚽ football (n.) || pediludi || MoL pediludium || -.
 * footprint (n.) || vestigi || L vestīgium -i ||
 * for (pre.) || pu || L pro, VL por, I per, F pour, S para, [Colloquial] S pa || IL Ia IG pro, Eo ER Io Ie NL Ro por, Ui po.
 * for (conj.) || namu || L nam, L enim ||
 * for example (phr.) || exemple || F par exemple, S por ejemplo, I per esempio, P por exemplo || Eo ekzemple, Io Ro exemple, Ia per exemplo.
 * forbid (v.1 = refuse to allow; v.2 = order not to do) || veta, prohibea || L veto –āre, L prohibeo –ēre, L interdico -ere ||
 * force (n.) || forti || L vis (acc. vim, abl. vi, pl. vires), VL fortia -ae, L díname* [Plautus] ||
 * foreign (a.) || alieno || L aliēnus -a -um || IL alieno.
 * forest (n.) || silvi || L sīlva -ae, L nemus -oris || IL silva.
 * forget (v.) || obliviska || L oblīvīscor -cī (dep.) + gen. || IL oblivisce (= ne recorda, perde memoria).
 * forgetful (a.) || oblivioso || L obliviousus, L immemor ||
 * forgive (v. = stop feeling angry or resentful towards or about) || perdona || L condono –āre (+ dat.), MeL perdono –āre; L ignosco –ere (+ dat.) ||
 * forgiveness (n.) || perdona-yi || L venia ||
 * forehead (n. = the part of the face above the eyebrows) || fronti || L frons -ntis ||
 * 🍴 fork (n.) || forketi || I forchetta, F fourchette, Oc forqueta, Ca forquilla, S tenedor, P garfo, Gr piroúni, Ru vilka ||
 * form (n. = shape) || formi || L forma -ae, L figura -ae ||
 * form (v.) || forma || L formo -āre ||
 * former (a.) || anterioro || L anterior, L prior -ius, L priscus, L pristinus, I anteriore, S P Ro Ca Oc anterior, F antérieur || IL anteriore (= que es ante), IL priore (= primo, præcedente), Eo antaŭa, Io Ro antea, Ie anteyan, NL antei, Ia anterior, FN pasada, Ui forveni, IG pre.
 * forsake (v.) || desera || L dēserō -ere ||
 * 1️⃣4️⃣ forteen (num.) || 14 [mono-qatro] || L quattuordecim || -.
 * 🥠 fortune (n. = chance as a force affecting people’s lives) || fortuni || L fors -rtis, L fortūna -ae, I S fortuna, VL sors -rtis, S suerte ||
 * 4️⃣0️⃣ forty (num.) || 40 [qatro-deko] || L quadrāgintā, VL quadrainta, I quaranta || -.
 * forward(s) (adv.) || prorse || L porro, L prorsus, L prorsum; I avanti, F en avant, S adelante, P adiante, G vorwärts, Du voorwaarts || IL porro (= ad ante, ultra), Eo antaŭen, Ro adabante, IN versu anteriore, Io adavane, Ie adavan, NL a devanu, IG ad-antero, Ia avante, FN a ante.
 * fossil (n.) || fóssili || L fossilis -e ||
 * found (v.) || funda || L fundo -āre || IL funda (= pone fundo).
 * foundation (n.) || funda-yi || L fundamentum || IL fundatione.
 * 4️⃣ four (num.) || qatro || L quattuor, VL quattor, VL I quattro, VL P Oc quatro, S cuatro, F quatre /katʁ, kat/, Ca quatre, Ro patru, Sw fyra, Da fire, G Du vier || IL quatuor.
 * fourth (ord.) || 4-yo || L quārtus -a -um || IL quarto (= cum numero ordinale quatuor, diviso 4).
 * fowl (n.1 = bird kept for its eggs or meat) || pulli || L gallina -ae ||
 * fowl (n.2 = birds as a group) || avi || L avis &gt; S ave; L volucris ||
 * 🦊 fox (n.) || vulpi || L vulpēs -īs &gt; I volpe; F renard; S zorro; P raposa; G Fuchs, Du vos; Sw räv, Da ræv || IL vulpe (= Zool. « canis vulpes »).
 * fragile (a. = easy broken or damaged) || frágilo || L fragilis -e ||
 * fragility (n.) || fragilo-yi || L fragilitās -ātis ||
 * 🇫🇷 France (geo. = French Republic) || lu franco-landi || L I S Francia, L Gallia, L Francogallia, Gr Gallía, F la France (République française), P Ca Oc França, Ro Frant'a, Tu Fransa, G Frankreich, Du, Frankrijk, Sw Nw Frankrike, Da Frankrig, Po Francja, Ru Françiya || Eo Francio, Io Ia Ie Francia, NL Fransia, FN Frans.
 * frantic (a.1 = wildly agitated) || furioso || L fanaticus; L furens, L furiosus; L insanus; L amens ||
 * fraternal (a. = like a brother) || fraterno || L frāternus -a -um, I S fraterno, F fraternel || IL fraterno (= de fratre).
 * fraternity (n.1 = group with a common interest) || fraterno-grupi ||
 * fraternity (n.2 = friendship and support in a group) || fraterno-yi || L fraternitas -atis, I fraternità, F fraternité, S fraternidad, Ca fraternitat || IL fraterno (= de fratre).
 * fraud (n.) || fraudi || L fraus -udis ||
 * 🗽 free (a. = not under the control of anyone else) || líbero || L līber -a -um, I libero, F S libre, P livre, Oc liure, Ca lliure, Gr eleutheros, Sw Da fri, G frei, Du vrij || IL IG libero, Eo Io libera, IN libr, Ie líber, NL liber(i), Ia ER libere, Ro líbera, FN libre, Ui lifri.
 * free (v.) || líbera || L liberō -āre ||
 * freedom (n.1 = the right to act or speak freely) || libero-juri || L lībertās -ātīs ||
 * freedom (n.2 = the state of being free) || libero-yi || L lībertās -ātīs ||
 * freeze (v.) || gela || L gelō -āre, L congelō -āre, L glaciō -āre || IL gela, IL glacia.
 * French (geo. a.) || geo-franco || L Francogallus -a -um.
 * French (lang.) || lu franco-glossi || L lingua Francogallica, L lingua Francica, L lingua Gallica recentior ||
 * 🇬🇫 French Guiana, Guiana (geo.) || lu franco-guyano-landi || L Guiana Francica/Gallica, L Guiana, F Guyane française ||
 * frenzy (n. = uncontrolled excitement or wild behaviour) || furi || L furor -oris, L furiae -arum ||
 * frequency (n.) || freqento-yi || L frequentia -ae ||
 * frequent (a.1 = occurring or done many times at short intervals) || freqento || L frequēns -ntis || IL frequente (= que eveni sæpe, anti raro).
 * frequent (a.2 = doing something often) || sólito ||
 * frequently (adv. = many times at short intervals) || saepe || L saepe, L frequenter || IL sæpe (= plure vice, frequente).
 * fresh (a.1 = (of food) recently made or obtained; not tinned, frozen, or otherwise preserved) || fresko || F frais, I S P fresco, Ca fresc, Du vers, G frisch || Eo freŝa, IN fresk, ER freske, Io fresha, Ie frisc, NL freshi, Ia fresc, Ro FN fresca, Ui fric.
 * Friday (n.) || veneri-di || L dies Veneris, L Veneris dies (lit. translation of Gr Aphrodites hemera), I Venerdí, F Vendredi, S Viernes, Ro Vineri, Ca Oc Divendres, P Sexta-feira ||
 * 🧑‍🤝‍🧑 friend (n.) || amiko-pei || L amīcus -ī, L amīca -ae || IL amico.
 * friendly (a.) || amiko || L benevolus, L comis, L amicus ||
 * friendliness (n.) || amiko-yi || L amīcitia, L benevolentia, L comitas || IL amicitia (= to es amico).
 * friendship (n.) || amiciti || L amīcitia -ae || IL amicitia (= to es amico).
 * fright (n. = sudden strong feeling of fear) || pavea-yi, terrea-yi || L pavor, L terror, L metus -ūs, L formido || IL terrore (= ton terre).
 * frighten (v. = make afraid) || pavea, terrea || L terreō -ēre, L perterreo -ēre || IL terre (= da « terrore », fac pave, fac time).
 * frightened (a.) || pávido, terrea-zo || L timidus, L pavidus ||
 * 🐸 frog (n.) || rani || L rāna –ae &gt; S rana, P rã, I ranocchio, F grenouille, Ca granota; G Frosch, Da frø, Sw groda, Du kikvors || IL rana (= Zool. « rana esculenta »).
 * from (pre.) || exu || PIE *eghs ‘out’, Gr ex, Gr ek, L ex/ē (‘out of’), L ā/ab/abs, L dē, I da, F dès (&lt; L de ex), Ca des de, S P desde (&lt; L de ex de), Ro de pe, Sw från, Da fra || Ie Ia IG ex, Io NL ek, Ro ec, Eo ER el.
 * front (n.1 = the part of an object that faces forward) || fronti-parti || L frons -ntis, L prior pars ||
 * frost (n.1 = small white ice crystals on surfaces) || geli || L gelū -ūs || IL gelu.
 * 🥶 frozen (a.) || gelato || L conglaciatus, L gelatus ||
 * 🍏 fruit (n.1 = edible fleshy part of a plant that contains seed) || frukti || L frūctus -ūs, L frūx -ūgis || IL fructu.
 * frustrate (v.1 = prevent from progressing or succeding; v.2 = cause to feel dissatisfied) || frustra || L frūstror -ari ||
 * frustration (n.) || frustra-yi || L frūstrātiō -ōnis ||
 * 🍟 fry (v.) || friga || L frigo -ere, Ca fregir, S freir ||
 * full (a.1 = holding as much or as many as possible) || pleno || L plēnus -a -um || IL pleno.
 * function (v.1 = work or operate) || ópera ||
 * furious (a.1 = very angry) || mego-irato || L furiosus ||
 * fury (n.1 = extreme anger) || mego-iri || L furor -oris, L furiae -arum ||
 * fuse (v.1 = combine to form a whole) || funda || L fundo –ere ||
 * fuse (v.2 = melt something so as to join it with something else) || liqefakia || L fundo -ere, L liquefacio -ere ||
 * FUTURE (gram.) || ve || L -bo etc., L -urus esse, L -ndus esse, VL habere + inf., VL velle + inf., VL posse + inf., VL debere + inf., VL vadere + inf., VL ire + inf, Romance -ra- (&lt; -re ha-) || IG post, NL ve, IL vol, IL i, IL habe ad, IL debe, Ga fu, LL fa.
 * FUTURE PERFECT (gram.) || ve pre …a || L -(u)eri- ||
 * 🇬🇦 Gabon (geo. = Gabonese Republic) || lu gabono-landi || L Gabonia (Respublica Gaboniensis), F Gabon (République gabonaise) ||
 * gain (v.1 = obtain or secure) || lukra || L lucror -ari ||
 * gain (n.1 = thing gained) || lukri, lukra-yi || L lucrum -i ||
 * 🇬🇲 Gambia (geo. = Republic of the Gambia) || lu gambio-landi || L Gambia ||
 * gambler (n.) || aleatori || L aleator -oris ||
 * game (n.1 = activity done for amusement or sport) || ludi || L lūdus -ī || IL ludo (= ton lude), IL joco (= ludo, recreatione).
 * garbage (n. = rubbish) || qisqili || L quisquilia ||
 * garden (n.) || horti || L hortus -i ||
 * 🧄 garlic (n.) || alli || L allium, VL alium ||
 * gas (n.) || gasi || MoL gas -is (&lt; Du gas, first used by Flemish chemist J.B. van Helmont (1577-1644), probably from Gr khaos; the sound of Dutch "g" is roughly equivalent to that of Greek "kh"), MoL gasium -ī, F gaz, P gás, I S Ca G Sw gas || IL gas (= corpore aeriforme; nomen introducto ab Van Helmont, † 1644), Eo ER Io Ro gaso, IN Ie Ia FN gas, NL gase, IG gasi, Ui gaz.
 * gasoline (US), (informal) gas || benzini || L benzinum ||
 * gather (v.1 = come together) || konvenia || L convenio –ire.
 * gather (v.2 = bring together) || kongrega || L congrego –are; L colligo -ere; L decerpo –ere; L lego -ere; L carpo –ere; F rassembler, I assembrare, E assemble || Io asemblar, Ia assemblar, Ro asembler.
 * gelatin (also gelatine) (n. = clear substance used to make jelly, glue, etc.; from I gelatina, from L gelus) || gelatini || I S gelatina, F gélatine ||
 * 💎 gem (n.) || gemmi || L gemma -ae ||
 * gene (n.) || geni || Gr genea, MoL genum -ī &gt; S gen, I P E gene, F gène || Eo Io geno, Ro jeno.
 * general (a.1 = affecting or concerning all or most people or things) || generalo || L generalis -e ||
 * generosity (n.) || generoso-yi || L generositas, I generosità, S generosidad, F générosité || IL generositate.
 * generous (a.) || generoso || L generosus, I S generoso, F généreux || IL generoso (= de bono genere).
 * 🧞 genie (n. = a spirit of Arabian folklore, as depicted traditionally imprisoned within a bottle or oil lamp, and capable of granting wishes when summoned; from F génie (from L genius); similar in form and sense to Arabic jinnī) || jeni ||
 * 🇬🇪 Georgia (geo.) || lu georgio-landi, lu sakartveli || L Georgia, Geo Sakartvelo (lit. ‘land of Kartvelians’) ||
 * Georgian (geo. a.) || geo-georgio || L Georgicus, L Georgianus ||
 * Georgian (lang.) || lu georgio-glossi || L Lingua Georgiana, Gr Georgianíh glóssa ||
 * German (geo. a.) || geo-germano || L Germanus -a -um ||
 * German (lang.) || lu germano-glossi || L lingua Theodisca, L lingua Germanica, I tedesco ||
 * Germanic (languages) || germániko (plu glossi) || L linguae Germanicae ||
 * 🇩🇪 Germany (geo. = Federal Republic of Germany) || lu germano-landi || L Germania, I Germania, G Deutschland (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), S Alemania.
 * GERUND (gram.) || -ye || L …ndo ||
 * 🤟 gesture (n.1 = movement of part of the body to convey a meaning) || gesti || L gestus -us ||
 * get (v.1 = come to have or hold; receive; v.2 = succeed in achieving) || obtinea || L adipīscor, L consequor -quī, L acquīrō -ere, L obtineō -ēre || IL obtine, IL acquire, IL conseque.
 * get (v.5 = reach a specified state or place; v.6 = begin to be or do) || fia ||
 * get to know (phr.) || kognoska || L cognōscō -ere ||
 * 🇬🇭 Ghana (geo. = Republic of Ghana) || lu gano || L Gana (Respublica Ganae) ||
 * 👻 ghost (n.1 = apparition of a dead person) || fantasmi || L larva -ae; L phantasma (&lt; Gr) || IL phantasma (= spectro, apparitione, vanitate), IL larva (= spectro, phantasma; primo statu de insectos).
 * 🎁 gift (n.1 = thing given without payment) || doni || L donum -ī || IL dono.
 * 🦒 giraffe (n.) || giraffi || L giraffa camelopardalis (‘northern giraffe’), I Du giraffa, S jirafa, Ca girafa, G Giraffen, Sw giraffer || -.
 * 👧 girl (n.) || puelli || L puella -ae || -.
 * give (v.) || dona || L dō - dāre, L dōnō -āre || IL da, IL dona (= da, fac dono).
 * glad (a. = pleased) || || leto ||
 * glass (n.1 = hard transparent substance) || vitri || L vitrum -ī || IL vitro.
 * 🥃 glass (n.2 = glass drinking container) || vitri-pókuli ||
 * 👓 glasses (n. = a pair of lenses in a frame that rests on the nose and ears, used to correct eyesight) || bi-okuli-vitri || L vitrum -ī, L vitra ocularia, L perspicillum || IL vitro.
 * gleam (v. = shine brightly with reflected light) || fulgea || L fulgeō -ēre ||
 * 🌐 globe (n.) || globi || L globus -i ||
 * globule (n. = small round drop) || glóbuli || L globulus -i ||
 * glory (n. = fame and honor) || glori || L glōria -ae ||
 * 🧤 glove (n.) || guanti || I guanto, S guante, Ca guant, F Oc gant, Gr gánti, Ro manusa, P luva, G Handschuh, Du handschoen, Sw handskar, Da handske, Nw hansker ||
 * gnash (v. = grind your teeth together) || frenda || L frend[e]o -ere ||
 * 🚶 go (v.) || vada || L eō - īre, L vādō -ere, L proficiscor, L incēdō -ere, L cēdō -ere.
 * 🐐 goat (n.) || kapri || L caper -prī, L capra -ae || IL capra (= Zool. « capra hircus »).
 * 🥽 goggles (n.) || bi-okuli-protega-vitri || S gafas protectoras, F lunettes de protection ||
 * god (n.) || dei || L deus, L divus, L numen || IL deo.
 * godfather (n.1 = man who promises to be responsible for a child’s religious education) || patrini || L patrīnus -ī, S padrino ||
 * 🥇 gold (n.) || auri || L aurum -ī || IL auro (= metallo, in Chemia « Au »).
 * golden (a.) || auri-yo || L aureus -a -um ||
 * ⛳ golf (n.) || golfi || L pilamalleus; I S F G Ru golf, P golfe, Gr gkolf || Eo Io golfo.
 * 👌 good (a.) || bono || L bonus -a -um || IL bono, IL probo (= honesto, justo, bono).
 * goodbye! (excl., originally “God be with ye,” then influenced by good day, good evening, etc.) || adei! || L vale, L valete, I addio!, Ro adio!, S ¡adiós!, P adeus!, Ca adéu!, Oc adiu, F adieu!, Sw adjö!, Gr antio sas, G auf Wiedersehen!, Da farvel!, Du tot ziens! || Eo adiaŭ!, Io adio!, Ia Ro adeo!
 * goodness (n.) || bono-yi || L bonitas -ātis || IL bonitate, IL probitate.
 * goose (n.) || gánseri || L ānser -ris || I oca, S ganso, G Gans (L, S, G, all from PIE *ghans-) || IL ansere (= Zool. « anser cinereus »).
 * 🦍 gorilla (n.) || gorilli || L troglodytes gorilla ||
 * grain (n.) || grani || L grānum -ī || IL grano.
 * gram (or gramme) (n. = one thousandth of a kilogram) || grammi || LaL gramma -ae (&lt; Gr) ||
 * grammar (n.1 = the whole system and structure of a language) || grammari || L grammatica (&lt; Gr gramma -ata) &gt; I grammatica, S P gramática, Ro gramatică, Ca Oc gramàtica; MeL grammaria &gt; F grammaire, E grammar || Ro gramático.
 * grandchild (n.) || nepoti ||
 * granddaughter (n.) || feo-nepoti || L neptis -is (‘granddaughter; female descendant’) ||
 * 👴 grandfather (n.) || grando-patri || L avus -ī || IL avo (= patre de patre, ascendente de genitore).
 * 👵 grandmother (n.) || grando-matri || L avia -ae ||
 * grandparents (n.) || grando-parenti || L avus -ī, L avia -ae ||
 * grandson (n.) || mao-nepoti || L nepōs -ōtis (‘grandson; male descendant’) &gt; I nipote, Ro nepot, P neto, S nieto, Ca nét; F petit fils; G Enkel; Gr eggonós ||
 * 🍇 grape (n.) || uvi || L uva &gt; I S P uva; F raisin, Ca raïm, Oc rasim; Gr staphúli ||
 * grass (n. = short plant with long narrow leaves) || grámini || L grāmen -inis, L herba -ae || IL gramine.
 * grasshopper (n. jumping insect that makes a chirping sound) || grilli || L grillus &gt; S grillo ||
 * grateful (a.) || grato || L gratus -a -um || IL grato.
 * gratitude (n.) || grato-yi || L gratitudo -dinis || IL gratitudine.
 * grave (n. = hole dug to bury a corpse) || sepulkri || L sepulcrum -ī; L bustum ||
 * grave (a. = dangerous, giving cause for alarm or concern) || perikli-gravo||
 * gravity (n. = the force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth) || gravitati || L gravitas, L pondus ||
 * graze (v.1 = eat grass in a filed) || paska || L pāscō -ere ||
 * grease (n. = fatty or oily substance) || adipi || L adeps -ipis, L pingue -is, L arvīna -ae || IL adipe.
 * great (a. = considerably above average in size, intensity, ability, quality, or importance) || magno || L magnus -a -um ||
 * greatness (n.) || magno-yi || L magnitūdō -idinis || IL magnitudine.
 * Great Britain (geo.) || lu magno-britano-landi || L Britannia Magna.
 * 🇬🇷 Greece (geo.) || lu greko-landi || L Graecia, Gr Ellás, Gr Elláda, Gr Ellihnikíh Dihmokratía (‘Greek Republic”).
 * greed (n.1 = strong and selfish desire for wealth or power) || avaro-yi || L aviditas, L avaritia –ae; L voracitas || IL avaritia (⊂ avar(o) -itia).
 * greedy (a.) || avaro || L avidus -a –um, L avarus -a -um || IL avaro (= que ave).
 * Greek (geo. a.) || geo-greko || L Graecus -a -um.
 * Greek (lang.) || lu greko-glossi || L Lingua Graeca, Gr Ellihniká glóssa ||
 * 🟩 green (a.) || vírido || L viridis -e &gt; I S P Ro verde, Ca Oc verd, F vert; L virens –ntis; L prasinus || IL viride.
 * 🇬🇱 Greenland (geo.) || lu groenlandi || L S Groenlandia, L Grönlandia, L Terra Viridis, Da Grønland, Gre Kalaallit Nunaat ||
 * greet (v.1 = meet with friendliness or expressions of welcome) || saluta || L salutō -āre ||
 * greeting (n. = word or sign of welcome) || saluta-yi ||
 * 🇬🇩 Grenada (geo.) || lu grenado-landi || L Granata (Consortio Granatae), F La Grenade ||
 * grey (a.) || cinereo || L cinereus = IL cinereo (= ut cinere).
 * grief (n. = deep sorrow) || lukti || L dolor –ōris; L maeror; L lūctus -ūs ||
 * grieve (v.1 = suffer grief) || lugea || L doleō -ēre, L lūgeō -ēre || IL dole (= habe dolore, suffer).
 * grieve (v.2 = cause grief) || lugea-fica || L dolore afficiō -ere (aliquem) ||
 * grind (v.) || mola || L molo -ere, L tero -ere, L triturō -āre ||
 * ground (n. = solid surface of the earth) || humi || L solum -ī, L humus -ī || IL solo, IL humo (= terra vegetale).
 * group (n.) || grupi || L corōna –ae; L turba –ae; L globus; L circulus; Gmc &gt; I gruppo, S P grupo, F groupe, Ro Ca Oc grup ||
 * grow (v.) || kreska || L crēscō -ere &gt; S crecer ||
 * Guangzhou (geo.) || lu guangzhou || Ch Guǎngzhōu, G Guangzhou, I F Canton, S Cantón, Gr Kouangktsóou, Ru Guanchzhou, L Quancheum (&lt; F Quang-cheu).
 * guard (v.1 = watch over so as to protect or control) || kustodia || L custodio -ire ||
 * guard (n.1.1 = person guarding or keeping watch) || kustodia-pei ||
 * guard (n.1.2 = group guarding or keeping watch) || kustodia-grupi ||
 * guardian (n.1 = defender or protector) || kustodi || L custōs -ōdis ||
 * 🇬🇹 Guatemala (geo. = Republic of Guatemala) || lu guatemalao-landi || L Guatimala (Res publica Guatimalensis), L Guathimala, S Guatemala (República de) ||
 * guest (n.1 = person invited to someone’s house or to a social occasion; n.3 = person staying at a hotel) || hóspiti(-pei) || L hospes -pitis || IL hospite.
 * 🦮 guide (v.1 = act as a guide to) || duca || L dūcō –ere ||
 * guide (n.1 = person who advises or shows the way to others) || duci || L dux - ducis, L ductor -ris ||
 * guide (n.2 = aid to deciding something) || duca-yi || L ductus ||
 * 🇬🇳 Guinea (geo. = Republic of Guinea) || lu gineo-landi || L Guinea (Respublica Guineae), F Guinée (République de) ||
 * 🇬🇼 Guinea-Bissau (geo. = Republic of Guinea-Bissau) || lu gineo-bissáo-landi || L Guinea Bissaviensis (Respublica Guineae Bissaviensis), P Guiné-Bissau (República da) ||
 * 🔫 gun (n.) || focili || I fucile (&lt; L focile &lt; VL focus ‘fire’), S F fusil, S arma de fuego || ER fusilo, IN Ie IG Ia FN fusil, NL fusile, Ro focilo.
 * 🎸 guitar (n.) || gitari || L cithara (hispanica), I chitarra, Ro chitara, Gr kithára, S P Ca Oc guitarra, F guitare, G Gitarre, Ru gitara ||
 * guts (n.) || vísceri || L vīscera -um, L intestinum -i, L intestīna -ōrum || IL viscera, IL intestino.
 * guy (n.1 = [informal] man) || wiri || L vir -ī ||
 * 🇬🇾 Guyana (geo. = Co-operative Republic of Guyana) || lu guyanao-landi || L Guiana, L Guyana ||
 * Gypsy (or Gipsy) (n. = member of a travelling people) || romo || Gr Aigýptios (lit. ‘Egyptian,’ from the supposed Egyptian origin of the people, yet the real origin is the northern India and Pakistan) &gt; VL Aegyptanus, L Gittanus, S I Ca Oc gitano, F gitan; L Zingarus &gt; I G zingari, P cigano, Ro țigan; Rom Romani (&lt; rom ‘man’) ||
 * hair (n.) || krini || L pilus -ī, L crīnis -īs, L villus -ī || IL pilo, IL crine.
 * 🦱 hair (n., of the head) || kapilli || L coma -ae, L capillus -ī || IL capillo (= crine de capite).
 * 🇭🇹 Haiti (geo. = Republic of Haiti) || lu haitio-landi || L Haiti, L Haitia, F Haïti (République d’Haïti), Hai Repiblik Ayiti ||
 * half (n.) || dimidi || L dimidium -i || Ro dúima.
 * ham (n.1 = salted or smoked meat from a pig’s thigh) || gamboni || F Ro jambon, S jamón, Oc cambajon (&lt; VL camba, VL gamba); I prosciutto, P prezunto; Ca pernil; G Schinken, Da skinke, Sw skinka, Du E ham || Eo ŝinko, Io shinko, Ia gambon, Ro gambono.
 * 🍔 hamburger (n. = flat cake of minced beef) || hambúrgeri || L pastillum hamburgense, L isicium hamburgense, G I hamburger, S hamburguesa, Gr khámpourgker ||
 * Hamburg (geo.) || lu hamburg || L Hamburgum, G Hamburg, S Hamburgo, F Hambourg, I Amburgo, Gr Amboúrgo ||
 * 🔨 hammer (n.) || martelli || L malleus, I martello, P martelo, S martillo, Ca martell, Oc martèl, F marteau; Ro ciocan; G Da hammer, Du hamer, Nw hammar, Sw hammare; Gr sphyrí; Ru molotok || IL malleo, IL martulo, IL marculo, IL marco, IL martello, Eo Io martelo.
 * 🤚 hand (n.) || mani || L manus -ūs, L palma -ae || IL manu.
 * 🤾 handball (n.) || mani-folli || L manufollium, Gr cheirosfaíriseh, I pallamano, S balonmano, Ru gandbol || FN bal a mano.
 * 🤧 handkerchief (n.) || sudari || L sudarium -i ||
 * 🤝 handshake (n. = an act of shaking a person's hand with one's own as a greeting) || mani-qatia-yi || I stretta di mano, F poignée de main, S apretón de manos, P aperto de mâo, G Händeschütteln, Gr cheirapsía || IL manu.
 * happen (v.1 = take place; occur) || evenia || L accidō -ere, L eveniō -īre, L contingō -ere, L fiō - fierī, I avvenire, S ocurrir || IL adveni, IL eveni, IL accide, IL continge, IL fi, IN aveniar, FN aveni, Io eventar, Ie evenir, NL eventa, Ia evenir, Ro eventer, Ui usveno, IN aksidar, Ia accider, IG habe accido, Eo okazi, ER okasia, Ie ocurrer, Ia occurrer.
 * happiness (n.) || felico-yi || L vīta beāta; L fēlīcitās -ātis || IL beatitudine, IL felicitate, IG hedo.
 * ☺ happy (a.) || felico || L fēlīx -īc-, L fortūnātus -a -um, L beātus -a -um, I felice, S P feliz, Ca feliç, Sw lycklig, Da lykkelig, G glücklich, Du gelukkig, F heureux || IL beato, Ia beate, IL Ia ER felice, Eo feliĉa, IN FN felis, Io felica, Ie felici, NL felisi, Ro feliça, Ui felic, IG hedo.
 * harbour, (USA) harbor (n.1 = place on the coast for ships to moor) || porti || L portus -ūs &gt; I P porto, S puerto, F port Ro Ca Oc port ||
 * hard (a.) || duro || L dūrus -a -um ||
 * hardly (adv. = scarcely (used to qualify a statement by saying that it is true to an insignificant degree)) || apene || F à peine, S P apenas, I appena, G kaum, Da næppe, Du nauwelijks, Sw knappast || Eo apenaŭ, Io Ro apene, Ia a pena.
 * 🐰 hare (n.) || lépori || L lepus -poris &gt; I lepre, P lebre, Oc lèbre, S liebre, F lièvre, Ca llebre || IL lepore (= Zool. « lepus timidus »), Eo Io leporo.
 * harp (n. = musical instrument with strings in a frame) || harpi || Gr lyra &gt; L lyra; Gmc *harp- &gt; LaL harpa &gt; F harpe, I S arpa ||
 * harvest (n.1 = the process or period of gathering in crops) || messi-processi, messi-periodi || L messis -is || IL messe.
 * harvest (v. = gather as a harvest) || meta || L meto -ere ||
 * 👒 hat (n.) || petasi || L pilleus, L galerus, L petasus, VL *cappellus (&lt; LaL cappa "a cape, hooded cloak"), I cappello, Gr kapélo, S sombrero || Eo ĉapelo, Io chapelo, Ro capelo, FN xapo.
 * 😡 hate (v.) || odia || L ōdī -īsse; L perodi -isse ||
 * hater (n.) || odia-pei ||
 * hatred (n.) || odia-yi, odi || L odium -ī ||
 * have (v.) || habea || L habeō -ēre, L possideō -ēre, L teneō -ēre || IL habe, IL posside (= habe, tene in dominio, habe in potestate), IL tene.
 * have (gram., PERFECT TENSES) || pre …a || L …ui, L …is(se), VL habere …-tus/-ta/-tum. || IG pre, IL jam, IN av …ed.
 * he/she (pro.) || li || L ille/-a, L is/ea, L hic/haec, L ipse/-a, L se || IL illo.
 * he (pro.) || mao-li (&lt; máskulo ‘male’) || L ille, L is, L hic, L ipse, L se || IL illo.
 * head (n.) || kápiti || L caput -itis, VL capum -ī, L testa (capitis), Gr kephale || IL Ia capite, Eo Io kapo, IN kap, Ie cap, NL kape, Ro cápito, FN xef, Ia FN testa, IG cephali, Ui keb.
 * 🎧 headphone (n.) || aurikulari || L auscultabulum; S auricular, I auricolare; F casque audio; G Kopfhörer ||
 * heal (v.) || sana || L medeor -eri, L sano -āre ||
 * health (n.) || sano-yi || L sanitas -atis, L valetudo -dinis, L salūs -ūtis ||
 * healthy (a.) || sano || L sanus ||
 * hear (v.) || audia || L audiō -īre, L exaudiō -īre || IL audi (&lt; aure da).
 * hearing (n.) || audia-yi || L audītiō -ōnis, L audītus -ūs || IL auditio, IL auditu.
 * heart (n.) || kardi || L cor - cordis, Gr kardia || IL corde.
 * 🥵 heat (n.) || kala-yi, kalori || L calor -ōris, L aestus -ūs || IL calore (= to cale).
 * heavy (a.) || gravo || L gravis -e, L ponderosus -a -um || IL grave (= cum pondere, anti leve).
 * Hebrew (a.) || hebréo ||
 * Hebrew (lang.) || lu hebreo-glossi || L lingua Hebraica, L lingua Hebraea, L lingua Iudaica ||
 * 🦔 hedgehog (n.) || erici || L ericius, S erizo ||
 * heel (n.1 = the back part of the foot below the ankle) || kalci || L calx - calcis ||
 * heir (n. = person entitled to inherit property or a rank) || heredi || L hērēs -ēdis ||
 * heiress (n. = woman entitled to inherit property or a rank) || feo-heredi || L hērēs -ēdis ||
 * helium (n. = chemical element #2 [He], detected first 1868 in the solar spectrum, &lt; Gr hélios "sun") || heli || MoL G Du Sw helium, F hélium, Ro heliu, P hélio, S helio, I elio, Tu helyum || Io helio, NL Ia helium, Eo heliumo.
 * 👋 hello! (excl., a popular greeting since the use of the telephone, in 1883) || saluti! || L salve, L salvete ("hail!," lit. "be healthy!," the usual Roman greeting, regarded as imperative of L salvere, but also vocative of L salvus ("uninjured, healthy, safe"), L ave, L avete; S Ca Oc hola, P olá, Ga ola; I Ro ciao; F bonjour, Cor Bonghjornu; F salut, I saluti; G Du Nw hallo, Sw hallao; Sw Da hej; Ro buna, Ro buna ziua; Sr zdravo; Gr xairéte; Ja konnichiwa; Ar marhabaan, Tu merhaba; Ch ni hao; Ba kaixo || Eo saluton!, Io Ro saluto!, Ia salute!.
 * help (v.) || juva || L iuvō -āre, L adiuvō -āre, L succurrō -ere (+ dat.), L subvenio -īre (+ dat.) ||
 * help (n.) || juva-yi || L auxilium -ī, L (acc.) opem, LaL adjutus || IL auxilio.
 * hen (n. = female bird, esp. of a domestic fowl) || feo-pulli || L gallīna -ae, I S Ca gallina, P galinha, F poule, Sw höna, Da høne, Du hen, Du kip, G huhn, G henne || IL gallina (= gallo femina).
 * her (a.) || (feo-)liyu || L suus -a -um, I suo –a, S su, P seu – sua, Ca seu – seva, L illius || IL suo (= de se).
 * 🌿 herb (n. = plant used for flavouring or in medicine) || herbi || L herba -ae || IL herba.
 * herd (n.1 = large group of animals living or kept together) || gregi || L grex – gregis; L armentum -ī ||
 * here (adv.) || hike || L hīc || IL hic (= in ce loco).
 * hero (n.) || heroi || L heros -ois, F héros, Gr Ehroas, I eroe, S héroe, P herói, Ca heroi, Oc eròi, Ru geroi, Du held, Nw Da helt, Sw hjälte ||
 * hexagon (n.) || hexágoni (= formi konu sexo láteri etu sexo ánguli) || Gr hexagonon, L hexagonum || IL hexagono (= polygono cum sex angulo).
 * hidden (a.) || cela-zo || L celatus || IL abscondito (= quem absconde), IL celato, IL occulto (&lt; celato), IL latente (= que late, invisibile, anti manifesto).
 * hide (v.) || cela || L cēlō -āre, L abscondō -ere, I celare, F cacher, S esconder (&lt; L abscondere) || IL absconde (= cela, occulta), IL cela, IL occulta.
 * high (a.1 = extending far upwards) || alto || L altus -a –um &gt; S I P alto, Ca alt, F haut; L celsus -a -um, L excelsus -a –um; L sublīmis -e; G hoch, Da høj, Du hoog, Sw hög || IL alto, IL celso (= excelso, alto, que celle), IL excelso (= que excelle, alto, sublime, eminente).
 * 🥾 hiking (n.) || exkursiodi || S excursionismo ||
 * hill (n.) || kollini [cf. kolle ‘neck’] || L collis -is, I collina, F colline, S P Ro colina, Oc còla, Ca puig ||
 * him/her (acc.pro.) || li || L illum/-am, L eum/eam, L hunc/hanc, L ipsum/-am, L se ||.
 * him/her (dat.pro.) || pu li || L illi, L ei, L huic, L ipsi, sibi (dat.) ||.
 * 🥻 Hindi (lang.) || lu hindi-glossi || L lingua Hindica ||
 * hip (n.) || koxi || L coxa -ae, L coxendix || -.
 * 🦛 hippopotamus (n.) || hippopótami || L hippopotamus, Gr ippopótamos, I ippopótamo, S P hipopótamo, F hippopotame, Ro hipopotam, Ca hipopòtam, G Flusspferd, Du nijlpaard, Sw flodhäst, Nw Da flodhest ||
 * his (a.) || (mao-)liyu ||
 * his/her (a.) || liyu || L suus -a -um, I suo –a, S su, P seu – sua, Ca seu – seva, L illius || IL suo (= de se).
 * his/hers (pos. pro.) || leo || L suus -a -um, L illius, I suo –a, S suyo –a, P seu – sua, P dele || IL suo (= de se).
 * historic (a.) || histori-yo ||
 * history (n.) || histori || L historia -ae (&lt; Gr) || IL historia.
 * hit (v.1 = bring the hand or an object into sudden forceful contact with) || perkutia || L feriō -īre; L percutiō -ere; L pulsō -āre; L battuo -ere; I colpire, S golpear, F frapper, G schlagen, Du slaan, Sw Da slå, G Du treffen, Da træffe, Sw träffa, Du strijken, G streichen || IL percute, IL tunde, IL ice, IL verbera, IL pulsa, IL battue (= percute, flagella, quate, verbera, pulsa, tunde, pugna), Ia colpar, Ro colper, FN colpa, Ie dar un colpe, Eo frapi, ER NL frapa, Io frapar, Ie frappar, IN perkutar, Ia percuter, Eo bati, Eo batadi, IN Io batar, Ie Ia batter, NL bata, FN bate, Ui bito, IG acte impacto, Ui plago.
 * hit (n.) || perkutia-yi || L percussus -us; Gr kolaphos, L colaphus, VL colapus, MeL colpus, I colpo, OF colp, F coup, Ca cop, S P golpe; Sw Da Du slag, G schlag, G Streich || Ie colpe, FN colpa, IG impacto.
 * hold (v.1 = grasp, carry, or support) || tenea || L teneō -ēre || IL tene.
 * ⛳ hole (n.) || forámini || L foramen -minis, I buco, S agujero, F trou, P buraco, Ca forat ||
 * hollow (a.) || kavo || L cavus -a -um.
 * holy (a.1 = dedicated to God or a religious purpose) || sakro || L sacer -cra -crum ||
 * 🏳️‍🌈 homosexual (a.) || homosexi-yo || Gr omophylóphilos, L homophylóphilos || Eo samseksema, Ia homosexual.
 * homosexuality (n.) || homosexi-yi (instead of homosexi-yo-yi) ||
 * 🇭🇳 Honduras (geo. = Republic of Honduras) || lu hondurao-landi || L Honduria, L Hondura, S Honduras (República de) ||
 * 🍯 honey (n.) || melli || L mel -llis, I miele, S F miel, P Ca mel, Oc mèl, Gr méli ||
 * honest (a. = truthful and sincere) || honesto || L probus, L sincerus, L integer, L verus ||
 * honour, US honor (n. = great respect) || honori || L honos[or] -oris ||
 * hope (v.) || spera || L spērō -āre || IL spera (= habe spe).
 * hope (n.) || spera-yi || L spēs - speī || IL spe.
 * horizon (n.1 = line at which the earth’s surface and the sky appear to meet)|| horizonti || L horizon -ontis [Gr.] ||
 * horizontal (a. = parallel to the horizon) || horizonti-yo || L horizontalis ||
 * horn (n.) || korni || L cornū -ūs || IL cornu.
 * horrible (a.1 = causing horror) || horrífiko || L horribilis -e, L horrificus -a -um ||
 * horrific (a. = causing horror) || horrífiko || L horribilis -e, L horrificus -a -um, L foedus -a -um, L nefarius -a -um, L dīrus -a -um ||
 * horror (n.1 = great fear, shock, disgust, or dismay) || horrori || L horror -ōris, L pavor -ōris ||
 * 🐎 horse (n.) || kaballi, eqi || L equus -ī, VL caballus -ī, S caballo, I cavallo, P cavalo, Ca cavall, F cheval || IL equo (= Zool. « equus caballus »), IL caballo (= equo de labore; equo).
 * horseman (n. = rider on horseback) || éqiti, eqi-pei || L eques - equitis, L caballarius ||
 * 🏥 hospital (n. = institution for the treatment and care of sick or injured people) || hospitali || L valētūdinārium; L nosocomīum; L clinicum; S P Ca Da hospital, F hôpital, I ospedale, Oc espital, Ro spital, Du hospitaal, Po szpital; Gr nosokomeío; G Krankenhaus, Du ziekenhuis, Sw sjukhus, Da sygehus, Nw sjukehus; Ru Sr bolnitsa || IL Ie NL hospitale (IL = æde pro ægros, nosocomio), IL nosocomio (= hospitale per ægros), Eo Io Ro hospitalo, IN Ia hospital, FN ospital, Ui hospitàl, Eo malsanulejo, IG patho-do.
 * hostel (n. = place providing cheap food and lodging for a particular group, from Old French, from MeL hospitale, from L hospit- ‘guest’) || hostali || S hostal || IL hostello.
 * hostile (a.) || hostilo || L hostīlis -e ||
 * 🥵 hot (a.) || kálido || L calidus -a -um, S caliente, Ca calent (&lt; L calens) || IL calido (= que cale).
 * 🏨 hotel (n. = place providing rooms and meals for guests, from Old French hostel, from MeL hospitale, from L hospit- ‘guest’)) || hoteli || L deversorium, L hospitium, L xenodochium, LaL hospitale (&lt; L hospes -pitis “guest”), F hôtel, I S P Ca Ro G Da Du Po Sr hotel, Sw Nw hotell, Tu otel, I albergo, Gr xenodocheío, G Gasthaus, Ru gostinitsa || IL hostello, Eo ER Io Ro hotelo, IN Ie IG Ia hotel, NL hotele, Ui hotèl, FN otel.
 * hour (n.) || hori || L hōra -ae || IL hora (⊂ Gr hōra = 1/24 de die, in Aristotele; tempore).
 * house (n.) || domi || L domus -ī, L domus -ūs, Gr domos, Gr oikos, Ru dom, I S P Ca casa (&lt; L casa ‘hut, cottage’), F maison (&lt; L mansio), G Haus, Du huis, Sw Da hus || IL Ia Eo ER Io Ro domo, IN Ie dom, IG domi, Ia FN casa, NL hause, Ui has.
 * how (int.adv.) || qome || L ut; L quam, L quomodo, VL quomo &gt; S cómo, P como, I come, F comment, Ca com; G wie; Du hoe || IL in que modo, Eo kiel, Io quale, Ro cuale, ER kom, Ia FN como, Ie qualmen, NL qualim, Ui kim, IN kemaniere.
 * how many (int. det.) || qoto || L quot, LaL quantus ||
 * how much (int. det.) || qanto || L quantum, F combien, S cuanto, I quanto || o kiom, Io quanta, Ro cuanta, Ia quante.
 * however (adv.1 = nevertheless; despite this) || támene || L tamen, I nonostante || Eo Io Ro Ia tamen, Ia nonobstante, Ia totevia.
 * huge (a. = very large) || vasto || L ingens, L vastus, L immanis ||
 * human (a.) || humano || L hūmānus -a -um, L mortālis -e || IL humano (= de homo).
 * human (n. = human being, person) || humani ||
 * humane (a. = kind and considerate) || bono-humano || L hūmānus -a -um ||
 * humanity (n. = people as a whole) || humanitati || L hūmānitās -ātis ||
 * humanity (n. = the condition of being human) || bono-humano-yi || L hūmānitās -ātis ||
 * humanity (n. = simpathy and kindness) || humano-yi || L hūmānitās -ātis ||
 * humble (a.) || humilo || L humilis -e || L humile (= ad humo, depresso, ne alto).
 * humour (n.) || humori || L [h]umor -oris ||
 * 1️⃣0️⃣0️⃣ hundred (num.) || 100 [mono-cento] || L centum, I P cento, S cien[to], F Ca Oc cent, Ro suta || IL centum.
 * hundredth (ord.) || 100-yo || L centesimus -a -um ||
 * Hungarian (geo. a.) || geo-húngaro || L Hungarus -a -um, S húngaro -a.
 * Hungarian (lang.) || lu hungaro-glossi || L Lingua Hungarica ||
 * 🇭🇺 Hungary (geo.) || lu hungaro-landi || L Hungaria, L Ungaria, Hu Magyar-ország ||
 * hunger (n.) || fámini || L famēs -is, VL famina ||
 * hunt (v.) || vena || L vēnor -ārī, VL captio -āre || IL vena (= cape feras).
 * hunter (n.) || vena-pei || L vēnātore -ōris &gt; Ro vân?tor; I cacciatore, S cazador, P Ca Oc caçador, F chasseur ||
 * hunting (n.) || vena-yi || L venatiō -ōnis, L venatus -us || IL venatione (= ton vena).
 * hurt (v.1 = cause pain or harm to) || nokea || L noceō -ēre, L laedō -ere ||
 * husband (n.) || mao-mariti || L marītus -ī || IL marito, IL sponso.
 * hut (n.) || casi || L casa -ae || IL casa (= tugurio, parvo domo, cabanna).
 * hydrogen (n. = chemical element #1 [H], &lt; F hydrogène "producing water" (when exposed to oxygen), coined 1787 by Lavoisier etc., &lt; Gr hydro- "water") || hidrogeni || MoL hydrogenium &gt; F hydrogène, P hidrogénio, S hidrógeno, I idrogeno, Tu hidrojen, Gr ydrogóno, Ru vodorod, G Wasserstoff, Du waterstof, Sw väte || IL hydrogenio (= elemento simplice, in Chemia « H »; cum oxygenio genera aqua), Ia hydrogeno, Eo Io hidrogeno, NL hidrogene, Io hido.
 * I (pro.) || mi || L ego (nom.) || IL ego, IL me.
 * 🧊 ice (n.1 = frozen water) || glaci || L glaciēs -iēī || IL glacie.
 * 🍨 ice cream (n., from iced cream) || glaci-krami || L glacies edibilis, L sorbillum glaciatum, I gelato, S helado, F crème glacée, P sorvete, Gr pagotó ||
 * 🇮🇸 Iceland (geo.) || lu islandi || L S Islandia, Ice Ísland ||
 * Icelandic (geo. a.) || geo-islandio (= du lu islandi) || L Islandicus -a -um ||
 * Icelandic (lang.) || lu islandi-glossi || L Lingua Islandica ||
 * idea (n. = a thought or suggestion as to a possible course of action) || idéi || L idea -ae (from Gr idea ‘form, pattern,’ lit. ‘the look,’ from the base of idein ‘to see’), I S Ca E idea, P ideia, F idée, G Du idee, Sw idé, Da ide || Eo ER Io Ro ideo, NL idee, Ia FN Ui idea, IN Ie idé.
 * identical (a.1 = similar in every detail; exactly alike) || idento || L idem (‘the same’), MedL identicus (from LaL identitas), S idéntico || Ie identic.
 * identity (n.) || idento-yi || LaL identitas (&lt; L identidem &lt; L idem et idem &lt; L idem &lt; L id ‘it’), Ca identitat, S identidad, F identité || IL glacie.
 * if (conj.) || siu || L sī &gt; S F Ca Oc si, I P se || IL Ie NL Ia FN si, Eo ER Io Ro se, Ui is, IN if, IG contitio, IG postulo.
 * ignorance (n.) || ignora-yi || L ignorantia -ae ||
 * ignorant (a.) || neskio || L nescius -a -um ||
 * ignore (v.) || ignora || L ignorō -āre ||
 * ill (a.1 = not in good health) || egroto || L aeger -gra -grum, L aegrōtus -a -um ||
 * illness (n. = disease or period of being ill) || morbi || L morbus -ī || IL morbo.
 * illustration (n.) || pikturi-imágini || L imago picta ||
 * image (n.) || imágini || L simulācrum -ī, L imāgō -ginis ||
 * imagine (v.) || imágina || L imaginō -āre ||
 * imitate (v.) || imita || L imitor –ari, L assimulo -are ||
 * immediately (adv.) || immediato-ye || L statim; L extemplō; S inmediatamente ||
 * immense (a. = very large or great) || immenso || L immēnsus -a -um ||
 * immerse (v. = dip or cover completely in a liquid) || merga || L mergō -ere, L immergō -ere ||
 * immersion (n.) || merga-yi || L immersiō -ōnis ||
 * imperative (n.) || imperativi || L imperativus ||
 * IMPERATIVE (gram.) || te …a ||
 * importance (n.) || importanto-yi || MeL importāntia ||
 * important (a. = of great value or significance) || importanto || L gravis; L magni momenti; MeL importāns &gt; I S P importante, F Ro Ca Oc important ||
 * improve (v.1 = make better) || meliora || L emendo -āre, L excolo -ere, L corrigo -ere, VL meliorō -āre, P Oc melhorar, S mejorar, F améliorer, Po ameliora, I migliorare, Ca millorar.
 * improve (v.2 = become better) || fia melioro || L melior fio, L proficio -ere.
 * improvement (n.) || meliora-yi || L cultura -ae, L profectus -us.
 * in (pre.) || inu || L in (+ abl.), I in, S F en, P em, Sw Da Nw i || IL Ia Ie ER IN NL IG Ui in, Eo Io NL FN Ro en.
 * inattentive (a.) || inattento || L parum attentus ||
 * include (v. = have as part of a whole) || inkluda || L inclūdō -ere, L comprehendō -ere ||
 * increase (v.) || augea || L augeo -ere ||
 * indeed (adv. used to emphasize a statement) || profekte || L re vera, L profecto, L ita, F en vérité, F en fait, F en réalité, F de veras, I davvero, F infatti, F de-veras, G tatsächlich, G in der Tat, Da fatisk, Du inderdaad, Sw faktisk || Eo ja, Io Ro ya, Ia in effecto.
 * independence (n.) || independa-yi || L libertas, L independentia || IL independentia.
 * independent (a.) || independento || L sui potens, L liber, L independens, I independente || IL independente (= ne dependente).
 * 🇮🇳 India (geo. = Republic of India) || lu indio-landi || L India, I India, Hi Indiya, Sk Bhārat (Bhārat Gaṇarājya).
 * indicative (n. = mood in the conjugation of a Latin verb whose essential function is to state a fact, as opposed to a wish, supposition or command) || indikativi || LaL indicatīvus "serving to point out" (&lt; L indicare "to point out") || IL indicativo.
 * indicate (v.) || indika || L indico -āre || IL indica.
 * individual (a.) || individuo || L individuus -a -um, MeL individualis -e ||
 * individual (n.) || individuo-pei || L individuum -ī (“indivisible particle; individual being”) &gt; I S individuo, P indivíduo, F Ca individu, Oc individú, Ro individ ||
 * 🇮🇩 Indonesia (geo. = Republic of Indonesia) || lu indonesio-landi || L Indonesia (Res publica), Ind Indonesia (Republik) ||
 * infer (v. = work out from suggestions or evidence) || infera || L inferō -rre (orig. ‘carry in’)||
 * inference (n.) || infera-yi || MeL inferentia -ae ||
 * inferior (a. = lower in status or quality) || inferioro || L īnferior -ius ||
 * inferiority (n.) || inferioro-yi || MeL īnferioritās -ātis ||
 * ♾️ infinite (a.) || infinito || L infinitus, L immensus | IL infinito (= ne finito).
 * infinitive (n.) || infinitivi || LaL infinitīvum "indefinite," not limited by person or number (&lt; L infinitus "not limited") || IL infinitivo (= modo grammaticale de verbo: (ama)re, (habe)re, (lege)re, (audi)re, (es)se; non defini persona et numero).
 * INFINITIVE (gram.) || ...a-ya || L -āre, -ēre, -īre, etc. || IL to [sic], IG u(n), Ia ...ar, ...er, ...ir, Eo ...i, ER ...a, Io ...ar, Ui ...o.
 * infinity (n.) || infinito-yi || L infinitas, L infinitio | IL infinitate.
 * inflate (v.1 = expand by filling with air or gas) || infla || L inflō –āre ||
 * inflexion (n.) || flexioni || L flexiō -ōnis ||
 * information (n. = facts or knowledge provided or learned) || informationi || L nuntius; L scientia; MoL informatio || Eo Io Ro informo, Ia information
 * ingenuous (a. = innocent and unsuspecting; from L ingenuus ‘native; frank, candid’) || ingenuo || S ingenuo -a ||
 * ingenuously (adv.) || ingenuo-ye || S ingenuamente ||
 * ingest (v. = take food or drink into the body; from L ingero –ere) || ingera || S ingerir ||
 * ingredient (n.) || ingredienti || L pars ||
 * inhabit (v.) || ínkola || L colō -ere, L incolō –ere; L habitō -āre ||
 * inhabitant (n.) || inkola-pei || L incola -ae, L colōnus -ī; L habitator ||
 * inherit (v.1 = receive property or a title from someone when they die) || herédita || L hereditate accipio –ere, L hērēditō -āre &gt; I ereditare, F hériter, S heredar, P herdar, G erben, Da arve, Du erven, Sw ärva || Eo heredi, Io heredar, Ia hereditar, Ro herediter.
 * inheritance (n.) || heredita-yi || L hereditas -atis ||
 * initial (a.) || initi-yo || L primus; S inicial ||
 * initial (n.) || initi-litteri || L prima verbi littera ||
 * initially (adv.) || initi-ye (instead of initi-yo-ye) ||
 * initiate (v.) || initia || L initio -āre ||
 * ink (n.; […] from LaL encaustum) || enkausti || L atramentum; LaL encaustum (&lt; Gr) &gt; I inchiostro, Du inkt, F encre; S P Ca Oc tinta, G Tinte; Ro cerneală; Da blæk, Sw bläk || Ro encausto; Eo Io inko; Ia tinta.
 * inn (n. = pub) || L caupona; L taberna; L deversorium, L hospitium ||
 * inner (a.) || intro || L interior ||
 * injure (v.1 = do physical harm to) || nokea || L noceō -ēre; L laedō –ere &gt; S lesionar; L offendo -ere ||
 * injury (n.) || lesioni || L laesiō –ōnis; L iniuria; L damnum; L detrimentum ||
 * innocent (a.) || innocento || L innocus, L innocens -ntis ||
 * inquire (v.) || inqira || L quaero -ere, L inquiro -ere; L investigo -āre ||
 * inquiry (n.) || inqira-yi || L inquisitio ||
 * insect (n.) || insekti || L insectum -ī (&lt; Gr entomon) || IL insecto (= animale invertebrato, cum sex pede).
 * insert (v. = place, fit, or add into) || insera || L insero -ere ||
 * inside (a.) || intro || L interior ||
 * inside (adv.) || intre || L intrā, L intro, L intus, L intrinsecus ||
 * inside (pre.) || intru || L intrā ||
 * inside (n.) || intro-parti || L interior pars; L interiora (pl.) ||
 * insist (v.) || insista || L insto –āre, S insistir; L urgeo -ēre; L exigo -ere ||
 * install (v.; from stall) || installa || L inauguro -āre; L constituo –ere; MeL installo –āre &gt; S instalar ||
 * instance (n.) || exempli || L exemplum ||
 * instead (adv.) || vice || L loco, L vice, L pro ||
 * instead of (pre.) || vicu || L locō (+ gen.), L vice (+ gen.), L prō (+ abl.), S en vez de || -.
 * institution (n.) || instituti || L institutum ||
 * instruct (v.) || instrua || L doceo -ēre; L instruo –ere; L instituo -ere; L erudio -īre||
 * instruction (n.) || instrua-yi || L institutio; L disciplina ||
 * instrument (n.) || instrumenti || L instrumentum &gt; S instrumento ||
 * 🤬 insult (v.) || insulta || L insultō -āre ||
 * insult (n.) || insulta-yi || L opprobium, L probrum; L convicium; L contumelia ||
 * insulting (a.) || insultanto || L contumeliosus ||
 * insurance (n.1 = arrangement by which payments are made to a company who in return pay compensation in the event of loss, damages, death, etc.) || assekura-yi || L testificatio; L cautio de aliqua re; L periculorum cautio ||
 * insurance (n.2 = money paid by or to an insurance company) || assekura-pekuni ||
 * insure (v.1 = pay money to receive compensation in the event of damage, loss, death, etc.; from VL *assēcūrō –āre from sēcūrus) || assekura || VL *assēcūrō –āre &gt; S asegurar ||
 * insure (v.2 = ensure) || certifika || L assero -ere; L certifico -āre; L declaro -āre; L assevero -āre; L auctor sum; S asegurar ||
 * integer (n. = whole number) || integro-númeri ||
 * intelligence (n.) || intelliga-yi || L ingenium -ī; L sollertia; L mēns – mentis; L intellectus, L intellegentia ||
 * intelligent (a.) || intelligento || L intellegēns (gen. -ntis); L sollers ||
 * intend (v. = have as an aim or plan; from L intendō -ere ‘turn one’s attention’) || intenda || L prōpōnō –ere; L dēstinō -āre ||
 * intense (a.1 = great in force, strength, or degree) || intenso || L acer; L vehemens; I S P intenso, F intense, Ro Ca intens, Oc entens ||
 * intensity (n.) || intenso-yi || I intensità, S intensidad, P intensidade, F intensité, Ro intensitate, Ca Oc intensitat ||
 * intention (n. = aim or plan) || propósiti || L consilium; L propositum ||
 * interest (v.1 = make curious or attentive; [...] from L interesse “differ, be of importance”) || interessa || L teneo -ēre; L capio -ere; L delecto –āre; F intéresser, S interesar ||
 * interest (n.1 = eagerness to know about something or someone; n.2 = the quality of arousing eagerness to know about something or someone) || interessa-yi || S interés ||
 * interest (n.3 = a subject arousing enthusiasm or concern || interessa-rei ||
 * interest (n.4 = money paid for the use of money lent) || interessa-moneti || L emolumentum ||
 * interested (a. = wanting to know more about someone or something) || interessato ||
 * interesting (a. = that makes you want to know more about them) || interessanto || L iucundus; L studia excitans; L studia movens; L gravis; L magni momenti; S interesante ||
 * interior (a.) || intro || L interior, L interius ||
 * interior (n.) || intro-parti || L pars interior ||
 * internal (a.) || interno || L internus, L intestinus; L domesticus ||
 * internally (adv.) || interno-ye || L intus ||
 * international (a.) || internationi-yo || L internationalis; L omnium gentium (gen.); L pancosmius ||
 * the Internet (n.) || lu internet || MoL interrete -is, MoL rete -is informaticum; S internet ||
 * interpret (v.1 = explain the meaning of) || interpreta || L interpretor -ārī; L conicio -ere ||
 * interpretation (n.) || interpreta-yi || L interpretatio; L coniectio ||
 * interpreter (n.) || intérpreti || L interpres &gt; S intérprete ||
 * INTERROGATIVE (gram.) || qe (for yes/no questions, from L quis quae quid …) ||
 * interrupt (v.) || interrumpa || L interrumpo –ere; L intermitto -ere; L interpello -āre ||
 * interruption (n.) || interrumpa-yi || L interruptio; L interpellatio ||
 * interval (n.) || intervalli || L intervallum; L spatium ||
 * interview (n.) || intervisti || L colloquium; L congressus; I intervista, S P Ca Oc entrevista, F entrevue, F interview, Ro interviu ||
 * into (pre. = to the inside of) || adinu || L in (+ acc.), I G in, F dans, S adentro de || Eo en -n, Io Ro aden, Ia a in.
 * introduce (v.1 = bring into use; v.3 = bring to someone's attention for the first time) || introduca || L intrōdūcō -ere &gt; S introducir, I introdurre, F introduire, Ca introduir || IL introduc.
 * introduction (n.1 = act of introducing) || introduca-yi || L inductio; L introductio; (preface) praefatio f; exordium; prooemium nt ||
 * introduction (n.2 = a thing introducing another) || introduktioni ||
 * invent (v.1 = create or design something new) || inventa || L reperio –īre; L invenio -īre &gt; I inventare, S P Ca Oc inventar, Ro inventa, F inventer ||
 * invention (n.1 = act of inventing) || inventa-yi || L inventio &gt; S invención ||
 * invention (n.2 = something invented) || inventi || L inventum &gt; S invento ||
 * invest (v.) || investia || L do -āre, L mando -āre; L colloco -āre; L pono –ere; MeL investiō -īre (&lt; L vestis), S Ca invertir ||
 * investigate (v.) || investiga || L investigo –āre (&lt; vestīgium “track”); L indago –āre; L scrutor –ārī; L inquiro –ere; L cognosco -ere ||
 * investigation (n.) || investiga-yi || L investigatio; L inquisitio ||
 * investment (n.) || investia-yi || L pecunia in faenore posita; S inversión, Ca inversió ||
 * invitation (n.) || invita-yi || L invitatio -ionis ||
 * invite (v.) || invita || L invitō –āre; L voco -āre ||
 * involve (v.) || implika || L contineo -ēre; L implico -āre ||
 * involvement (n.) || implika-yi ||
 * inward, inwards (adv. = towards the inside) || introrse || L intus, L intrinsecus, L introrsus ||
 * 🇮🇷 Iran (geo. = Islamic Republic of Iran) || lu iranio-landi || L Irania, L Persia, Per Irān (Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān) ||
 * 🇮🇶 Iraq (geo. = Republic of Iraq) || lu irakio-landi || L Iraca, L Iraquia, Ar al-‘Irāq (Jumhūrīyat al-‘Irāq) ||
 * 🇮🇪 Ireland (geo. = Republic of Ireland) || lu irlandi || L Hibernia, Ir Éire (Poblacht na hÉireann), Gr Irlandía, S Irlanda.
 * iris (n.1 = the coloured part of the eyeball, with the pupil in the centre) || (okuli-)íridi || L iris – iridis ||
 * Irish (geo. a.) || geo-irlandio (= du lu irlandi) ||
 * iron (n.) || ferri || L ferrum -ī &gt; I P Ca ferro, S hierro, F fer, Ro fier, Oc fèrre ||
 * iron (a.) || ferri-yo || L ferreus –a -um ||
 * irritate (v.) || irrita || L irrito -āre; L inflammo -āre ||
 * irritation (n.) || irrita-yi || L irritatio; L ira ||
 * island (n.) || ínsuli || L īnsula -ae &gt; P Ro insula, I isola, S isla, F île, Ca illa, Oc ilha, G Insel || IL Ia insula.
 * 🇮🇱 Israel (geo. = State of Israel) || lu israelo-landi || L Israel, L Cīvitās Israel, He Yisra'el (Medīnat Yisrā'el ), Ar Isrāʼīl ||.
 * Israeli (geo. a.) || geo-israelo || L Israeliticus -a -um, S israelita, S israelí.
 * 🇮🇲 Isle of Man (geo.) || ínsuli lu man || L Monapia, L Mannia ||.
 * issue (n.1 = important topic to be discussed or resolved) || temi || L eventus; L exitus; L res; S tema ||
 * issue (n.2 = act of issuing) || edita-yi || L egressus ||
 * issue (n.3 = each of a regular series of publications) || editioni || L editio -ōnis ||
 * issue (v.1 = supply or give out) || édita || L ēdō –ere, S editar ||
 * Istanbul (geo.) || lu istanbul || L Constantinopolis, I F G Istanbul, Tu İst ä nbul, S Estambul, Ru Stambul, Gr Konstantinoúpolih.
 * isthmus (n.) || istmi || L isthmus &gt; I S P istmo, F isthme, Ro istm, Ca Oc istme ||
 * it (pro. = something already mentioned) || reo-li; lai (an idea, a fact) || L illud (gen. illius); L id (gen. eius); L hoc; L ipsum || IL id (= ce re).
 * it (= to it, dat.) || pu reo-li; pu lai || L ei (dat.) ||.
 * Italian (geo. a.) || geo-italio (= du lu italio-landi ||
 * Italian (lang.) || lu itali-glossi || L lingua Italiana, L lingua Italica ||
 * 🇮🇹 Italy (geo. = Italian Republic) || lu italio-landi || L Italia (Res publica Italica), I Italia (Repubblica Italiana), S Italia.
 * item (n. = individual article or unit; from L item “likewise”) || ítemi || L res ||
 * its (a.) || (reo-)liyu || L eius; L suus –a –um &gt; I suo –a, S su, P seu – sua, Ca seu – seva ||
 * itself (pro.) || reo-li ipso || L ipsum ||
 * ivory (n.) || ébori || L ebur -oris ||
 * 🇨🇮 Ivory Coast (geo. = Republic of Côte d’Ivoire) || lu kosti-eborio-landi || L Litus Eburneum, F Côte d’Ivoire (République de) ||
 * jacket (n.1 = short coat) || jaketi || I giacchetta, S chaqueta, P Ca Oc jaqueta, F jaquette, Ro jacheta; F veston || Eo jako, Ro jaqueto.
 * jail (n. = prison) || kárceri || L carcer -eris &gt; S cárcel ||
 * jail (v. = put in jail) || inkarcera || L in carcerem conicio –ere, S encarcelar ||
 * 🇯🇲 Jamaica (geo.) || lu jamaiko-landi || L Iamaica ||
 * Jamaican (geo. a.) || geo-jamaiko || L Iamaicanus -a -um ||
 * January (n. = the first month) || januari (= mensi primo du anni) || L Ianuarius (mensis) (= "(the month) of Janus, guardian god of portals, doors, and gates"), F Janvier, G Da Januar, Sw Du Januari, P Janeiro, I Gennajo, Ca Gener, Oc Genièr, S Enero || IL januario (= primo mense de anno, in honore de Jano).
 * Janus (hist., god of doors) || lu janus || L Janus -i ||
 * 🇯🇵 Japan (geo., from Chinese jih pun, lit. "sunrise") || lu japono-landi || L Iaponia, Ja Nippon (Nippon-koku), Ja Nihon (Nihon-koku), F Japon, S Japón, G Sw Japan, I Giappone, P Japão, Ro Japonia, Gr Iaponía, Ru Yaponiya ||
 * Japanese (geo. a.) || geo-japono || L Iaponus -a -um.
 * Japanese (lang.) || lu japono-glossi || L lingua Iaponica ||
 * jaw (n.) || mandíbuli || L mala, L maxilla, LaL mandibula &gt; S mandíbula ||
 * jealous (a.) || zeloso || L invidus; L aemulus; L invidiosus; MeL zēlōsus (&lt; Gr zēlos) &gt; S celoso, Ca gelós, F jaloux ||
 * jealousy (n.) || || zeloso-yi || L invidia; L aemulatio; L livor ||
 * jeans (n. = denim trousers) || denimi-bipantaloni ||
 * jelly (n. = dessert made of a flavoured liquid set with gelatin) || gelatini-desserti || L cylon, L quilon; MoL ius concretum; MoL garimatium ||
 * Jesus, Jesus Christ (hist.) || lu jesus-kristi || L Iesus Christus, F Jésus-Christ, S Jesucristo ||
 * jewel (n.1 = precious stone cut or set as an ornament; from old F joel, from L jocus) || gemmi || L gemma ||
 * jeweller (n.) || gemmi-pei || L gemmarius; S joyero ||
 * jewellery (US jewelry) (n. = personal ornaments such as necklaces or rings) || gemmi-ornamenti || L gemmae -arum ||
 * 🧩 jigsaw puzzle (n.) || puzli || L opus vermiculatum, I puzzle, S rompecabezas ||
 * job (n.1 = paid position of employment) || labori-rei || L negotiolum; L res lucrosa ||
 * job (n.2 = task) || taski ||
 * join (v.1.1 = link) || junga || L iungō -ere, L cōniungō –ere; L connectō -ere ||
 * join (v.1.2 = become linked) || fia junga-zo || L adiungor -ere; L cohaereo –ēre ||
 * join (n. = place where things join) || junkturi ||
 * joint (n.1 = place where things join) || junkturi || L commissura; L articulus; L vertebra; L iunctura ||
 * joint (n.2 = strucuture in the body joining two bones) || ossi-junkturi || L condylus; L articulus ||
 * jointly (adv.) || konjunkto-ye || L coniuncte, L coniunctim; L una; L communiter ||
 * joke (n.1 = something said or done to cause laughter) || joki || L iocus; L sales (pl.); L facetiae (pl.) ||
 * joke (v.1 = make jokes) || joka || L iocor –ārī; L ludo -ere; L irrideo -ēre ||
 * 🇯🇴 Jordan (geo. = The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) || lu jordanio-landi || L Iordania (Regnum Hashemita Iordaniae), Ar Al-‘Urdunn (Al-Mamlakah Al-Urdunnīyah Al-Hāshimīyah) ||
 * journal (n.1 = newspaper or magazine) || jurnali || L ephemeris; L diarium; L acta diurna (pl.) ||
 * journalism (n.) || jurnali-professioni ||
 * journalist (n. = person who writes for a newspaper etc. or prepares reports to be broadcast) || jurnali-pei ||
 * journey (n. = act of travelling from one place to another) || itíneri || L iter – itineris; L profectio; L via, VL viaticum &gt; I viaggio, S viaje, P viagem, F voyage, Ro voiaj, Ca Oc viatge ||
 * joy (n. = great happiness) || leto-yi || L gaudium, VL *gaudia &gt; Ca joia; L laetitia ||
 * 🧑⚖️ judge (n.) || judika-pei || L iūdex –dicis; L quaesitor; L arbiter || IL judice (⊂ ju(s) dic -e = qui dic jus).
 * judge (v.) || júdika || L iūdicō -āre || IL judica (= es judice).
 * judgement (n.) || judiki || L iūdicium -ī; L sententia; L arbitrium || IL judicio.
 * 🤹 juggle (v.) || aga praestigi || praestigias ago -ere ||
 * juggler (n.) || praestigi-pei || praestigiator, L pilarius, I giocoliere ||
 * juice (n.) || suki || L sucus &gt; Ca suc ||
 * Julius (Caesar) (hist.) || (césare) lu juli || L Iulius -i ||
 * July (n. = the seventh month) || qintili [julius is too similar to junius] (= mensi septo-yo du anni) || L Quintilis; L Iulius &gt; Gr ioúlios, G Du Sw Da juli, S julio, P julho, I luglio, F juillet, Oc julhet, Ca juliol, Ro iulie || IL Ia Eo Io julio (IL = mense numero 7, dicato ad « Julio Cæsare »), NL julie, Ie juli, VP yulul.
 * jump (v.1 = push yourself off the ground with your legs and feet) || salta || L saliō -īre, L saltō -āre &gt; I saltare, S P Ca saltar, F sauter; L exsilio –īre, L exsulto –āre || IL sali (= ascende cum impetu, surge), IL salta (= fac saltu).
 * jump (n.) || salta-yi || L saltus –us &gt; I S P salto, Ca salt, F saut || IL saltu.
 * June (n. = the sixth month) || juni (= mensi sexo-yo du anni) || L Iunius || IL junio (= mense numero 6, dicato ad Junone).
 * junior (a.1 = of younger people) || junioro || L iunior; L minor ||
 * Juno (hist., goddess od child-birth) || lu juno || L Iunō -ōnis ||
 * Jupiter (n. = fifth planet from the sun, the largest one) || lu júpiter(-planeti) || L Iu(p)piter (&lt; iovis pater) - Iovis || IL Jove (= summo deo romano, quinto planeta).
 * jury (n. = group of people required to attend a legal case and give a verdict based on the evidence presented; from old F jurée from L jūrātus) || jurati || L iudices (pl.); I giuria, S jurado, Ca Oc jurat, P júri, F jury, Ro juriu ||
 * just (a.1 = right and fair) || justo || L justus -a –um; L meritus; L aequus ||
 * just (a.2 = deserved) || mérito || L meritus –a –um ||
 * just (adv.1 = exactly) || exakto-ye || IN yuste.
 * just (adv.2 = at the same moment) || símule || L simul; L eodem tempore ||
 * just (adv.3 = very recently) || juste-recente || L modo (= "a moment ago; only") || IL modo (= nunc, ab pauco tempore), Eo ĵus, Io NL Ro jus, Ia justo.
 * just (adv.4 = by a small amount; adv.5 = only) || solo-ye || L modo (= "a moment ago; only") ||
 * justice (n.1 = just behaviour or treatment) || justo-komporta-yi || L iūstitia –ae; L aequitas || IL justitia (= to es justo, jure).
 * ⚖️ justice (n.2 = the administration of law) || justiti || L iūstitia –ae ||
 * justify (v.1 = show to be right or reasonable) || justifika || L purgo -āre; L excuso –āre; S justificar ||
 * 🦘 kangaroo (n.) || kanguri || L macropus -podis, Gr kagkouró, F kangourou, P canguru, S canguro, Oc cangoró, Ro Ca cangur ||
 * Karachi (geo.) || lu karaci(-vil) || L I S F Ru Karachi, G Karatschi, Gr Karátsi.
 * karaoke (n. = a form of entertainment, …, in which people take turns to sing popular songs into a microphone over pre-recorded backing tracks; 1970s: from Japanese, literally ‘empty orchestra’) || karaoki || I S G Sw Ru Tu karaoke, Gr karaóke, F karaoké, P karaokê ||
 * Kazakh (geo. a.) || geo-kazako || L Kazachus -a -um ||
 * 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan (geo. = Republic of Kazakhstan) || lu kazako-landi || L Kazachstania, L Kazachia, Ru Kazakhstan, Kaz Qazaqstan ||
 * keel (n. = structure running along the base of a ship) || karini || L carina ||
 * keen (a.1 = eager and enthusiastic) || alakro || L ācer -cris –cre; L alacer; L sagax ||
 * keen (a.2 = sharp) || akro || L ācer -cris –cre; L acūtus -a –um ||
 * keep (v.1 = continue to have) || tenea || L teneō –ēre; L habeō –ēre; L servō -āre || IL serva.
 * keep (v.2 = continue in a specified condition, position, or activity) || kontinua ||
 * keep (v.3 = save for future use) || konserva || L servō -āre, L conservō -āre ||
 * keeper (n.1 = person who manages or looks after something or someone) || kustodia-pei || L custōs -ōdis ||
 * 🇰🇪 Kenya (geo. = Republic of Kenya) || lu kenio-landi || L Kenia, Ki-Swa Kenya ||
 * 🔑 key (n.) || klavi || L clāvis -īs || IL clave.
 * 🎹 keyboard (n.) || klavili || L clavile &gt; F clavier, G Klaviatur; I tastiera; S teclado ||
 * 🧒🏻 kid (n. = child) || pueri ||
 * Kiev (geo.) || lu kiev || L Kiovia, Gr Kíevo, I F S P Ro Ru Tu Kiev, Uk Kijiv, Sr Kijev, G Kiew.||
 * kick (v.) || kálcitra || L calcitro –āre, L calce ferio -īre ||
 * kick (n.) || kalcitra-yi || L calcitratus ||
 * kid (n.1 = [informal] child or young person) || pueri ||
 * kid (n.2 = young goat) || juvo-kapri || L haedus ||
 * kid (v. = [informal] fool into believing) || pueri-falla ||
 * kidney (n. = each of a pair of organs that remove waste products from the blood and produce urine) || reni || L renes (pl.) &gt; I rene, S riñón, P rim, F rein, Ro rinichi, Ca ronyó, Oc ren ||
 * kill (v.) || neka || L necō –āre; L caedo –ere, L occīdō –ere &gt; Ro ucide; L interficiō –ere; I ammazzare, S P Ca Oc matar; F tuer || IL occide, IL neca (= da nece, da morte).
 * killing (n.) || neka-yi || L nex - necis || IL nece (= occisione, morte per vi), IL occisione (= ton occīde, cæde, nece)
 * kilo (n. = kilogram) || kilogrammi ||
 * kilogram (abbrev. kg) (n. = 1,000 grams) || kilogrammi || Gr khiliógrammo, L chiliogramma –atis &gt; I chilogrammo, S kilogramo, F kilogramme, P Oc quilograma, Ca quilogram, Ro Du Sw Da Nw Po Cr Sr Tu kilogram, G Ru kilogramm || Eo Io kilogramo, Ia kilogramma, Ro quilogramo.
 * kilometre (US kilometer) (abbrev. km) (n. = 1,000 metres) || kilometri || L chiliometrum –i, Gr khiliómetro, S quilómetro || Eo Io kilometro, Ro quilómetro.
 * kind (n.) || géneri || L genus - generis &gt; S género; L modus; L species || IL genere (= to gene).
 * kind (a. = considerate and generous) || benigno || L amicus; L benignus; L benevolus; L comis; L humanus; L suavis ||
 * kindly (adv.) || benigno-ye || L amice; L benigne; L humane; L comiter ||
 * kindness (n.) || benigno-yi || L benignitas; L humanitas ||
 * king (n.) || regi || L rēx - rēgis || IL rege (= principe, duce, imperatore, tyranno).
 * kingdom (n.) || regni || L regnum -ī || IL regno (= dominio de rege).
 * kiss (n. = touch with the lips) || basi, óskuli || L suavium; L osculum -ī; L basium ||
 * 😘 kiss (v. = touch with the lips) || basia, óskula || L suavior -ārī; L osculor -ārī; L basio -āre ||
 * kitchen (n.) || kúlini, koqi-cámeri || L culina -ae || IL culina, IL coquina.
 * 🪁 kite (n.) || aqiloni || L draco volans, G Drachen, I aquilone, S cometa, F cerf-volant ||
 * 🥝 kiwi, kiwifruit (n.) || kiwi || I F S Ro Ca Sw Da Nw Du kiwi, G Kiwifrucht, Ru Sr Tu kivi ||
 * 🧎 knee (n.) || genukli || L genū -ūs, VL genuculus -ī &gt; I ginocchio, P joelho, F genou, Ro genunchi, Ca Oc genoll; S rodilla || IL genu.
 * 🧎 kneel (v.) || genukli-prokumba || L in genua procumbo -ere, L genibus nitor -ere ||
 * 🔪 knife (n.) || kultri || L culter -trī, L cultellus || IL cultro.
 * knight (n.1 = (in the Middle Ages) man of noble rank with a duty to fight for his king) || éqiti || L eques -itis ||
 * knight (n.2 = man awarded a title and entitled to use ‘Sir’ in front of his name) || siri ||
 * knock (v.) || pulsa || L pulso -āre; L ferio -īre; L tundo -ere ||
 * knock (n.) || pulsa-yi || L pulsatio ||
 * knot (n.) || nodi || L nōdus -ī; L geniculum || IL nodo.
 * knot (v.) || noda || L nodo –āre ||
 * know (v.1 = be aware of as a result of observing, asking, or being told; v.2 = be certain) || noska, scia || L sciō -īre &gt; Ro şti; L nōscō –ere, L cognōscō -ere &gt; I conoscere, S conocer, P conhecer, F connâitre, Oc conéisser, Ca conèixer, Ro cunoaşte; L sapiō -ere (‘have taste; be wise; know’) &gt; I sapere, S P Ca Oc saber, F savoir || IL sci, IL gno, IL nosci, IL cognosci.
 * knowledge (n.) || noska-yi, skia-yi || L scientia –ae; L cognitiō -ōnis || IL cognitione, IL notione (= scientia, cognitione), IL scientia (= to sci).
 * knuckle (n.1 = finger joint) || daktili-junkturi || L condylus; L articulus ||
 * 🇽🇰 Kosovo (geo. = Republic of Kosovo) || lu kosovo-landi || L Kosovia, Kos Kosova, Kos Kosovë (Republika e Kosovës), Sr Kosovo (Republika Kosovo).
 * Kurdistan || lu kurdo-landi ||
 * Kurdish (geo. a.) || geo-kurdo ||
 * Kurdish (lang.) || lu kurdo-glossi ||
 * 🇰🇼 Kuwait (geo. = State of Kuwait) || lu kuvaito-landi || L Cuvaitum (emiratus Kuvaitensis), Ar al-Kuwait (Dawlat al-Kuwait), I S G Kuwait, Gr Koubéit, Ru Kuveit ||
 * 🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan (geo. = Kyrgyz Republic of Kyrgyzstan) || lu kirgizo-landi || L Chirgisia, L Kyrgyzstania, Kyr Kyrgyzstan, Ru Kirg i ziya ||
 * label (n.) || etiketi || L titulus; I etichetta, S P Ca Oc etiqueta, F étiquette, Ro eticheta ||
 * label (v.) || etiketa || L titulum affigo –ere; S etiquetar ||
 * labial (a.) || labi-yo ||
 * labio-dental (a.) || labi-denti-yo ||
 * 🥼 laboratory, lab (n.) || laboratori || MeL labōrātōrium &gt; S laboratorio ||
 * labour (US labor) (n. = work) || labori || L labor -ōris ||
 * lack (v.) || karea || L careo –ēre; L egeo -ēre, L indigeo -ēre (+ abl.); F manquer de || IL ege (= indige, es indigente, non habe, care, anti abunda), IL indige (= ege), IL care (= ege, dees, defice, ne habe, es caro).
 * lack (n.) || karea-yi || L inopia; L egestas; L carentia -ae ||
 * 🥍 lacrosse (n.) || lakrossi-ludi || L ludus lacrossensis ||
 * ladder (n.1 = set of bars or steps between two uprights, used for climbing up) || skali || L scala -ae (&lt; scandere) &gt; I scala, Ca Oc escala, P escada, Ro scară, F escalier, S escalera ||
 * lady (n.1 = woman) || feo-dómini || L domina; L matrona; L era; L fēmina -ae ||
 * 🐞 ladybird (US ladybug) (n. = small flying beetle, usu. red with black spots) || kokcinelli || L coccinella -ae &gt; I Oc coccinella, F coccinelle; S mariquita, Ca marieta, P joaninha; Ro gărgăriță ||
 * Lagos (geo.) || lu lagos(-vil) || L Lacupolis, L I S F G Ru Lagos, Gr Lágos.
 * lake (n.) || laki || L lacus –ūs; L stagnum || IL lacu.
 * lamb (n.1 = young sheep) || agni, juvo-ovi || L agnus -ī &gt; I agnello, F agneau, Ca anyell; S cordero, P cordeiro; G Sw lamm, Da Du lam ||
 * lament (v. = feel or express grief or regret for) || lamenta || L lamentor &gt; S lamentar; L deploro –āre; L fleo –ēre ||
 * lament (n.1 = emotional expression of grief) || lamenta-yi ||
 * lamentation (n. = lament) || lamenta-yi || L lamentatio; L lamenta (pl.); L ploratus; L fletus ||
 * 🪔 lamp (n.) || lámpadi || L lucerna; LaL lámpada (&lt; Gr lampas “torch”) &gt; F lampe; L lychnus ||
 * land (n.1 = the part of the earth's surface not covered by water; n.2 = area of ground) || terri || L terra -ae, L tellūs -ūris || IL terra, IL tellure.
 * land (n.2 = area of ground) || terri-arei ||
 * land (n.3 = ground or soil used for farming) || agri || L ager - agrī ||
 * land (n.4 = country or state) || paesi || L civitas; L regio ||
 * landscape (n.1 = all the visible features of an area of land) || paesagi || L forma et situs agri; I paesaggio, S paisaje, P paisagem, F paysage, Ro peisaj, Ca Oc paisatge ||
 * lane (n.1 = narrow road) || angusto-vi || L angiportus ||
 * language (n.1 = human communication through the structured use of words; n.2 = particular system or style of this) || glossi || L ōrātiō –ōnis; L sermō –ōnis; L verba –ōrum; L lingua –ae, VL linguaticum -ī &gt; I lingua, P língua, F langue, S lengua, Ro limba, Ca llengua, Oc lenga, I linguaggio, S lenguaje, F langage; G Sprache, Da sprog, Sw Nw språk; Du taal; Gr glóssa; Ru yazik, Sr jezik, Po jezyk; Tu dil || IL FN lingua, Eo ER lingvo, Io linguo, IN lingu, Ie NL lingue, Ui linga, Ro linguajo, Ia linguage, FN linguaje, IG glossa, IL sermone; IL idioma(te) (= lingua proprio de uno regione, dialecto), Io idiomo, Ie Ia idioma.
 * language (n.3 = system of symbols and rules for writing computer programs) || programmi-glossi ||
 * 🇱🇦 Laos (geo. = Lao People's Democratic Republic) || lu lao-landi || L Laotia, L Laosium, F Laos (République démocratique populaire lao) ||
 * large (a. = of great size or extent) || grando || L grandis &gt; I S grande, F grand; L ingēns; L immanis; L vastus; L magnus; L amplus; L largus; G gross || IL Ia ER FN grande, Eo Io Ro granda, IN Ie grand, NL grandi, Ui gren, Ie gross, Ia grosse, IL magno, IG mega.
 * last (a.1 = coming after all others in time or order) || último || L postrēmus –a –um; L ultimus –a –um &gt; I ultimo, S P último, Ro ultim, Ca Oc últim; F dernier; L summus –a -um; L extrēmus; L novissimus || IL ultimo.
 * last (adv. = on the last occasion before the present) || postreme || L postremum; L novissime ||
 * late (a.1 = arriving or happening after the proper or usual time) || tardo || L tardus -a –um ||
 * late (a.2 = far on in the day or night or a period) || sero || L serus -a -um ||
 * late (adv.1 = after the proper or usual time) || tarde || L sero ||
 * late (adv.2 = far on in the day or night or a period) || sere || L sero ||
 * lately (adv. = recently) || recente || nuper, modo ||
 * later (a.) || póstero || L posterus -a -um ||
 * later (adv. = at a time in the future; after the time you are talking about) || póstere || L postea, L posterius ||
 * latest (a. = most recent) || maxime-recento || L posterus -a -um ||
 * Latin (a. = of Latin) || latio || L Latīnus -a -um || IL latino (= de Latio, regione circa Roma).
 * Latin (lang. = the language of the ancient Romans) || lu latio-glossi || L lingua Latina, L sermo Latinus, L lingua Latia, L lingua Romana ||
 * Latium (geo. = Italian region in which the city of Rome was founded) || lu latio-landi || L Latium.
 * latter (a.1 = nearer to the end than to the beggining) || póstero ||
 * 🇱🇻 Latvia (geo. = Republic of Latvia) || lu latvio-landi || L Lettonia, Lat Latvija (Latvijas Republika), S Letonia ||
 * Latvian (geo. a.) || geo-latvio ||
 * Latvian (lang.) || lu latvio-glossi || L Lingua Lettonica ||
 * 😄 laugh (v.) || ridea || L rīdeō -ēre &gt; I ridere, F rire, Ca riure, P rir, S reír; G Du lachen, Da le; Sw skratta; Gr geló || IL ride, Eo ridi, ER NL rida, IN Io ridar, Ie Ia Ro rider, FN rie, Ui laro, IG acte riso.
 * laugh at (v.) || deridea || L dērīdeō -ēre ||
 * laughter (n.) || ridea-yi || L risus -us, VL risum, VL risa ||
 * launch (v.1 = move a boat into the water; from L lancea “lance”) || hidri-lanca || L deduco –ere; L iaculor -ārī; L contorqueo -ēre, I lanciare, S lanzar, P lançar, F lancer, Ro lansa, Ca Oc llançar ||
 * launch (v.2 = send a rocket etc. into the air; from L lancea “lance”) || aeri-lanca ||
 * launch (v.3 = start an enterprise or introduce a new product; from L lancea “lance”) || lanca ||
 * launch (n.1 = act of launching) || lanca-yi || I lancio, S lanzamiento, P lançamento, F lancement, Ro lansáre, Ca llançament; Oc ronçament ||
 * launch (n.2 = large motorboat) || lanci-navi ||
 * laundry (n.1 = clothes etc. for washing; from VL lavandaria “things to be washed”) || lavandari ||
 * laundry (n.2 = place where clothes etc. are laundered) || lavandari-butiki || I P lavanderia, S lavandería; F blanchisserie ||
 * law (n.) || legi || L lēx - lēgis (&lt; L legere ‘to gather (a collection of rules)’) &gt; I legge, S ley, P lei, Ca llei, F loi || IL Ie NL Ia FN lege, Eo leĝo, ER Io IG lego, IN Ui leg, Ro lejo.
 * lawyer (n.) || advokati || L iurisconsultus; L causidicus; L advocatus &gt; I avvocato, S abogado, P advogado, F Ro Oc avocat, Ca advocat ||
 * lay (v.1 = put down carefully) || pona || L pono -ere; L pario -ere; (spread) spargo, expando [3] ||
 * layer (n.) || lámini || L lamina ||
 * laziness (n.) || pigro-yi || L segnities; L desidia; L pigritia &gt; I pigrezza, S pereza, P preguiça, F paresse, Oc paressa; Ro lene; Ca mandra ||
 * lazy (a.1 = unwilling to work or use energy) || pigro || L iners; L ignavus; L segnis; L desidiosus; L piger –gri &gt; I pigro, S perezoso, Oc paressós, P preguiçoso, F paresseux; Ro léneș; Ca mandrós ||
 * lead (v.1 = cause to go with you) || duka || L dūcō -ere &gt; I condurre, F conduire, S conducir, Ca dur; L praeeo -ire || IL duc.
 * lead /'li:d/ (n.1 = example for others to follow) || duka-yi ||
 * lead /'led/ (n.1 = heavy grey metallic element) || plumbi || L plumbum &gt; I piombo, F plomb, Ca plom, S plomo || IL plumbo (= metallo, in chemia « Pb »).
 * lead /'led/ (n.2 = the part of a pencil that makes a mark) || grafidi-plumbi ||
 * leader (n.1 = person or thing that leads) || duktori, duka-pei || L dux - ducis, L ductor -ris || IL duce (= qui duc).
 * 🍃 leaf (n.1 = flat green part growing from the stem of a plant) || foli || L folium -ī || IL folio.
 * leaf (n.2 = a single sheet of paper) || págini || L pagina ||
 * league (n.1 = group of people or countries united for a purpose; from F ligue ..., from L ligare; n.2 = group of sports clubs which play eatch other over a period for a championship) || ligi || L foedus; L societas ; I lega, S P Ro liga, F ligue, Ca lliga ||
 * lean (n.1 = (of a person) thin; n.2 = (of meat) with little fat) || magro || L macer –cra -crum; L exilis; L gracilis ||
 * lean (v.1 = be in or put into a sloping position) || inklina || L inclino -āre, L acclino -āre ||
 * leap (v.1 = jump high, suddenly, or a long way) || salia || L salio -ire ||
 * leap (n.) || salia-yi || L saltus -us ||
 * learn (v.) || diska || L discō -ere; L cognōscō –ere; I apprendere, F apprendre, Ca Oc aprendre, S P aprender; Ro afla; Gr mathaíno || IL disce (= apprende, stude, doce se), IL apprehende (= prehende, capta; disce).
 * learner (n.) || diska-pei || L discipulus || IL discipulo (= qui disce).
 * learning (n.) || diska-yi || L doctrina; L humanitas; L litterae (pl.); L eruditio || IL doctrina (= re quem doce).
 * learned (a. = having learned much knowledge by study) || erudito || L eruditus; L doctus ||
 * least (a.) || mínimo || L minimus –a –um ||
 * least (adv.) || mínime || L minime || IL minimo.
 * leather (n.) || kori || L corium ||
 * leave (v.1 = go away from) || linqa || L linquō -ere, L relinquō –ere; L dēserō -ere || IL linque (= desere, relinque, laxa, cede, trade), IL relinque (= linque retro, linque), IL = linque, derelinque; linque exercitu.
 * 🇱🇧 Lebanon (geo. = Lebanese Republic) || lu libano-landi || L Libanus, Ar Lubnān (al-Jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah), F Ru Liban (République libanaise), G Sw Libanon, I Libano, S P Líbano, Gr Líbanos ||
 * lecture (n.1 = educational talk; n.2 = lengthy reprimand) || sermoni || L schola; L acroasis; L praelectio ||
 * leech (n. = small bloodsucking worm) || hirúdini ||L sanguisuga; L hirūdō -inis ||
 * ⬅ left (a. = of, on, or towards the side which is to the west when facing north) || sinistro || L sinister -tra –trum; L laevus -a -um || IL sinistro.
 * left (n.1 = left-hand side or direction) || sinistro-láteri || L (manus) sinistra ||
 * 🦵 leg (n.) || gambi || L crūs –ris; L tībia –ae; LaL gamba (&lt; Gr kámpih "bending") &gt; I Ro gamba, Oc camba, Ca cama, F jambe &gt; P perna, S pierna; G Bein, Du been, Sw Da ben || IL crure.
 * legal (a.) || legi-yo || L legalis, L legitimus; L iudicialis ||
 * legislate (v. = make laws) || legisla || S legislar ||
 * legislation (n. = laws as a whole) || legislationi || LaL legislatio (&lt; latio &lt; ferre) ||
 * leisure (n.) || oti || L ōtium -ī &gt; S ocio || IL otio (= ne labore, quiete, inertia).
 * 🍋 lemon (n.) || limoni || L citrum -ī; L limon -is (&lt; Arab līmūn &lt; Pers) &gt; I limone, S limón, P limão, Ca Oc llimona, Ro lămâie ||.
 * lemon-tree (n.) || limoni-arbori || L citrum -ī ||
 * lend (v. = allow someone to use something and return it; give money and get it back later) || mutue-dona || L pecuniam mutuam dāre; L commodō –āre; L faeneror; L accredō -ere ||
 * lender (n.) || mutue-dona-pei || L qui pecuniam mutuam dat ||
 * length (n.) || longo-yi || L longitūdō -inis || IL longitudine (= to es longo, distantia).
 * 🐆 leopard (n.) || leopardi || L leopardus -ī || IL leopardo (= « felis leopardus »).
 * 🇱🇸 Lesotho (geo. = Kingdom of Lesotho) || lu lesoto-landi || L Lesothum, Sot Lesotho ||
 * less (adv. = to a smaller extent) || mine || L minus &gt; S menos || IL minus.
 * less (det. = a smaller amount of; fewer in number) || mino || L minor -us ||
 * lessen (v.) || minua || L minuo –ere, L imminuo –ere; L decresco –ere; L minuor ||
 * lesson (n.) || lektioni || L lectiō -ōnis; L schola –ae ||
 * let (v.1 = allow) || permitta || L permitto -ere (+ dat); L sino -ere; L patior ||
 * let’s (v.2 used to express an intention, suggestion, or order) || ju nosi ||
 * 🔡 letter (n.1 = symbol representing a speech sound) || lítteri || L littera -ae || IL lit(t)era.
 * ✉ letter (n.2 = written communication sent by post or messenger) || epístuli || L epistula –ae; L litterae -ārum; MeL missiva -ae || IL epistola, IL literas, IL missiva.
 * 🥬 lettuce || laktuki || L lactūca sativa, I lattuga, S lechuga, F laitue, Ro laptuca, G Gartensalat, Sw sallat, P alface, Ca enciam, Gr maroúli ||
 * level (a.1 = having a flat, horizontal surface) || plano || L planus -a –um; L aequus -a -um ||
 * level (n.1 = position on a scale of amount, quality, etc.) || libelli || VL lībellum (&lt; L libra) &gt; I livello, E level, S Ro nivel, P nível, Oc nivèl, Ca nivell, F G Da Du niveau, Sw nivå || Eo nivelo, Io Ro nivelo, Ia nivello ||
 * level (n.2 = horizontal line or surface) || planiti || L planities ||
 * level (v.) || plano-fica || L aequo -āre, L coaequo -āre; L complano -āre ||
 * lever (n.1 = bar on a pivot, used to move a load with one end when pressure is applied to the other) || vekti || L vectis –is ||
 * 🇱🇷 Liberia (geo. = Republic of Liberia) || lu liberio-landi || L Liberia ||
 * liberal (a.1 = willing to accept behaviour or opinions different from your own) || liberalo || L liberalis ||
 * liberty (n.1 = freedom) || libero-yi || L lībertās -ātīs; L licentia –ae ||
 * library (n.) || biblioteki || Gr bibliotheke &gt; L bibliothēca -ae, I S P Ca Oc Ro biblioteca, F bibliothèque, Ro biblioteca || IL bibliotheca (= collectione de libros).
 * 🇱🇾 Libya (geo. = State of Libya) || lu libio-landi || L Libya ||
 * licence (n.) || licenti || L licentia -ae ||
 * lick (v.) || lamba || L lambo –ere; L lingo –ere ||
 * lid (n.) || opérkuli || L operculum, L operimentum ||
 * 🤥 lie (v. = tell a lie or lies) || mentia || L mentior -īrī ||
 * lie (n. = deliberately false statement) || mendaki || L mendācium -ī ||
 * lie [p. lay, p.p. lain] (v.1 = be in a horizontal position in a supporting surface) || kuba || L iaceō –ēre; L cubō -āre || IL cuba, IL jace (= cuba, decumbe, es sito, sta, es quem jacta).
 * 🇱🇮 Liechtenstein (geo. = Principality of Liechtenstein) || lu lictensteno-landi || L Lichtenstenum (Principatum Lichtensteni), G Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein) ||
 * life (n.) || viti || L vīta –ae; L anima –ae; L spīritus -ūs || IL vita (= to vive).
 * lift (v.1.1 = raise) || eleva || L tollō –ere, L attollō –ere; L erigō –ere; L levō -āre, L elevō -āre, L sublevō -āre ||
 * lift (v.1.2 = be raised) || fia eleva-zo ||
 * lift (n.1 = device for moving people or things between levels of a building) || eleva-macini ||
 * 💡 light (n.) || luci, lúmini || L lūx - lūcis, L lūmen -inis || IL luce, IL lumine.
 * light (a.1 = having a lot of light; a.2 = (of a colour) pale) || lúcido || L lucidus, L fulgens; L candidus, L dilutus ||
 * light (a.3 = of little weight) || levo || L levis -e || IL leve (= sine pondere, pauco grave).
 * lighten (v.) || illúmina || L illumino –āre &gt; S iluminar; L illustro -āre ||
 * lighthouse (n.) || fari || L pharus ||
 * lightning (n.) || fúlmini || L fulgor -ōris, L fulmen -minis ||
 * like (v.1 = find pleasant or satisfactory) || ama || L comprobō –āre; L amō -āre || IL ama.
 * like (a. = similar) || símilo || L similis -e, L assimilis, L consimilis (+ gen.) ||
 * like (pre.1 = similar to; pre.2 = in a way similar or appropriate to; pre.3 = such as) || similu ||
 * like (conj.1 [informal] = in the same way that) || sikutu || L sicut (&lt; sic ut) ||
 * likely (a.1 = probable) || probábilo || L probabilis; L verisimilis ||


 * likely (adv. = probably) || probábile || L probabiliter ||
 * likewise (adv.1 = also) || ete ||
 * likewise (adv.2 = similarly) || similo-ye || L pāriter; L similiter ||
 * lily (n.) || lili || L lilium ||
 * limb (n.1 = arm, leg, or wing) || korpori-membri || L membrum &gt; I P membro, S miembro, F Ca Oc membre, Ro membru; L artus ||
 * limb (n.2 = large branch of a tree) || arbori-membri || L membrum; L artus ||
 * lime (n.1 = white alkaline substance used as a building material or fertilizer) || kalci || L calx – calcis ||
 * limit (n. = point beyond which something does not or may not pass) || límiti || L līmes –mitis; L terminus -ī; L fīnis –is; L modus ||
 * limit (v.) || límita || L termino áre; L finio -īre; L circumscribo –ere; L limito -āre ||
 * line (n.) || linei || L linea/linia -ae &gt; I linea, S línea, P linha, F ligne, Ro linie, Ca Oc línia ||
 * linen (n.1 = cloth woven from flax) || lini-panni || L linteum; L carbassus ||
 * linguist (n.) || glossi-pei || L linguarum peritus, L linguista -ae.
 * linguistic (a.) || glossi-yo || L linguarum ||
 * link (v. = connect or join) || konnekta || L co[n]necto -ere ||
 * link (n.1 = connection) || konnekta-yi || L vinculum -ī; L anulus -ī || IL vinculo.
 * lion (n.) || leoni || L leō -ōnis &gt; I leone, F lion, S león, P leão, Ro leu, Oc leon, Ca lleó, Gk leon, gen. leontos, MoGr liontári, Du leeuw; G Löwe, Sw lejon, Da Nw løve || IL leone (= Zool. « felis leo »), Eo Io leono.
 * 👄 lip (n.) || labi || L labrum -ī, L labium -ī, L labellum -ī, I labbro, S labio, P lábio, Ca llavi, F lèvre, G Lippe, Du lip, Sw läpp, Da lÆbe, Nw leppe, Ro buza, Oc pòt || IL Ia Io labio, IL labro, Eo lipo.
 * liquid (a.) || liqido || L liquidus -a -um &gt; S líquido -a || IL liquido (= que lique, fluente).
 * liquid (n.) || liqidi || L liquor -rīs, L liquidum -ī &gt; S líquido /'likido/ || IL liquore (= quod lique).
 * liquidity (n.) || pekuni-liqido-yi || S liquidez ||
 * liquor (n.) || liqori || L liquor ||
 * list (n. = a number of connected items or names written as a series; from Gmc) || listi || L index – indicis; I S P Ro Oc lista, F liste, Ca llista (&lt; Gmc) ||
 * 🧏 listen (to) (v.) || auskulta || L auscultō –āre; L audio -īre || IL ausculta.
 * literature (n.) || literaturi || L litterae -arum, L litteratura &gt; I letteratura, F littérature, S Ca literatura || IL litteratura.
 * lithium (n. = chemical element #3 [Li], &lt; Gr líthos "stone") || liti || MoL F G Du lithium, Sw litium, Gr líthio, I S litio, P lítio, Ro litiu, Tu lityum || Ia lithium, IL lithio (= melallo alcalino, cum symbolo « Li »), Eo Io litio.
 * 🇱🇹 Lithuania (geo. = Republic of Lithuania) || lu lituano-landi || L Lituania, L Lithuania, Lit Lietuva (Lietuvos Respublika).
 * Lithuanian (geo. a.) || geo-lituano || L Lituanus -a -um.
 * Lithuanian (lang.) || lu lituano-glossi || L lingua Lithuanica, L lingua Lituana ||
 * litre, (USA) liter (also l.) (n. = metric unit of capacity equal to 1,000 cubic centimetres (1.76 pints)) || litri || L litra -se, L litrum &gt; I S P litro, F Ca Oc litre, Ro litru ||
 * little (a.1 = small in size, amount, or degree) || paulo || L parvus -a -um, L paulus -a -um, L exiguus -a -um, F peu, S poco, I poco, P pouco || IL parvo (= anti magno, breve, curto, raro, exiguo. ⊂ pau(co) -ro), Eo malmulta, Io poka, Ro pauca, Ia pauc.
 * little, a little (adv.1 = to a small extent) || paule || L paulum || Eo malmulte, Io poke, Ro pauque, Ia pauco.
 * little, a little (pro. = a small amount) || pauli || L paucus, L paulum || IL pauco (= ne multo).
 * live (v.1 = be or remain alive) || viva || L vīvō -ere; L dego -ere; L spiro -āre; L vitam ago –ere || IL vive.
 * live (a.1 = living) || vivo || L vivus, L vivens ||
 * lively (a. = full of energy or activity) || vitalo || L vitalis, L vivus, L vividus; L alacer; L vegetus ||
 * liver (n.) || hépati || L iecur -(in)oris, LaL hepar –atis; VL *ficatum &gt; I fegato, S hígado, P fígado, F foie, Ro ficat, Ca Oc fetge || IL hepate.
 * livestock (n.) || peki || L pecu -us, pl. pecua ||
 * living (a.) || vivo || L vivus -a -um, L vivens, L spirans || IL vivo (= que vive).
 * 🦎 lizard (n.) || lacerti || L lacertus -ī, L lacerta -ae || IL lacerta (= Zool. « lacerta agilis »).
 * 🦙 llama (n., from Spanish (1535), from Quechua (Inca)) || llami || L I F Oc Ro G lama, L lama glama, Gr láma, S Ca llama, P lhama ||
 * load (n.) || óneri || L onus – oneris; L sarcina; S carga || IL onere, Eo ŝarĝo, ER cargo, IN sharj, Io kargajo, Ie Ia FN carga, Ie charge, Ui karga, Ro càricajo.
 * load (v.) || kárrika || L onero –āre; LaL carricare (&lt; L carrus “wagon”, L carrum “chariot”) &gt; I caricare, S cargar, P Ca carregar, F charger || Eo ŝarĝi, ER FN carga, IN sharjar, Io charjar, Io kargar, Ie Ia cargar, NL charja, NL karga, Ui kargo, Ro càriquer, IL onera (= da onere).
 * loaf (n. = piece of shaped and baked bread) || pani || L panis ||
 * loan (n.1 = a sum of money lent) || mutuo-pekuni || L mutua pecunia; L mūtuum -ī || -.
 * loan (n.2 = the act of lending) || mutuo-dona-yi || L mūtuum -ī || -.
 * 🦞 lobster (n.) || lokusti || L locusta &gt; S langosta, P lagosta, F langouste, Ca Oc llagosta, I aragosta; Ro homar; L cammarus ||
 * local (a. = of a particular place or part) || loki-yo || L loci, L locorum (both gen.) ||
 * locate (v.1 = discover the exact place of) || trova || L loco -āre; L invenio -īre ||
 * location (n.1 = place where something is located) || loki || L situs, L positus ||
 * location (n.2 = act of locating) || situa-yi || L situs, L positus ||
 * lock (n.1 = device for keeping something fastened or for preventing something from functioning, operated by a key) || seraturi || L sera &gt; I serratura, S cerradura, F serrure; P fechadura; Ro blocare; L claustrum ||
 * lock (v.1 = fasten with a lock) || klavi-affiga || L obsero -āre ||
 * locust (n. = large destructive tropical grasshopper) || lokusti-grilli || L locusta ||
 * lodging (n.1 = temporary accommodation) || kommora-yi || L commoratio ||
 * lodging(s) (n.2 = rented room(s) in the same house as the owner) || kommora-cámeri || L cubiculum; L deversorium ||
 * log (n.1 = piece cut from the trunk or a branch of a tree) || seka-ligni || L lignum; L stipes; L truncus ||
 * log (n.2 = official record of a ship’s journey) || navi-registri ||
 * logic (n.1 = science of reasoning) || lógiki, logiko-skienti || L logica; L dialectica ||
 * logical (a.1 = based on logic; using sound reasoning) || lógiko || L logicus -a –um; L dialecticus ||
 * London (geo.) || lu london || L Londinium, G Sw Nw Da Ru Sr London, Du Londen, Gr Londíno, S F P Ca Londres, I Ro Londra.
 * loneliness (n.) || solitario-yi || L sōlitūdō -dinis || IL solitudine (= to es solo).
 * lonely (a.) || solitario || L solus, L solitarius || IL solo, IL solitario (= que vive solo).
 * long (a.1 = of great or a particular length) || longo || L longus -a -um &gt; P longo, F Oc long, I lungo, Ro lung; S largo, Ca llarg || IL longo.
 * longing (n. = strong wish) || kupia-yi || L desiderium; L appetitus; L cupido ||
 * longitude (n. = the distance east or west of the Greenwich meridian, measured in degrees || longitúdini || L longitudo –dinis ||
 * 👀 look (at) (v.1 = direct your eyes) || aspikia || L videō –ēre; L aspiciō -ere (&lt; speciō -ere), L conspiciō -ere, L spectō -āre ||
 * look (v.2 = appear; seem) || apparea || L videor ||
 * look (n.1 = act of looking) || aspikia-yi || L aspectus ||
 * look (n.2 = appearance) || aspekti || L aspectus; L vultus; L os ||
 * loom (n. = machine for weaving cloth) || teli-macini || L telar ||
 * loose (a.) || laxo || L laxus; L solutus; L neglegens; L dissolutus ||
 * lord (n.1 = nobleman; n.3 = master or ruler) || dómini || L dominus –ī
 * Lord (n.2 = title given to certain British peers or high officials) || lordi ||
 * Lord (n.4 = a name for God or Jesus) || lu dómini || L dominus –ī
 * Los Angeles (geo.) || lu ángeles || L Angelopolis, I F G Los Angeles, S Los Ángeles, Ru Los-Andzheles, Gr Los Ántzeles.
 * lose (v.) || perda || L āmittō –ere; L perdō -ere &gt; I perdere, S P perder, F Ca perdre, Ro pierde ||
 * loss (n.) || perda-yi || L āmissiō; L iactura; L damnum; L detrimentum; L perditio ||
 * lot (n.1 = item for sale at an auction) || L pars, L portio ||
 * lot (n.2 = a group of people) || multitúdini || L multitudo –dinis ||
 * lot (n.3 = piece of paper chosen at random from a number of marked pieces as a method of deciding something) || sorti-papiri ||
 * lot (n.4 = person's situation in life) || sorti || L sors; L casus ||
 * a lot (adv. = a large number or amount) || multe ||
 * a lot of (det. = a large number or amount of) || multo || L multus ||
 * 🧴 lotion (n. = a medicinal or cosmetic liquid put on the skin) || dermi-líqidi ||
 * loud (a.1 = making a lot of noise) || sonoro || L clarus; L sonorus ||
 * loudly (adv.) || sonoro-ye || L clare; L magna voce ||
 * loudness (n.) || sonoro-yi || L claritas, L sonōrus –a –um ||
 * louse (n.) || pedíkuli || L pēdis -is, L pēdiculus -ī, VL pēduculus -ī &gt; I pidocchio, S piojo, P piolho, F pou, Ro păduche, Ca poll, Oc peu || IL pediculo (Zool. « pedīculus capitis »).
 * 😍 love (v.) || ama || L amō –āre; L diligo -ere || IL ama.
 * love (n.) || ama-yi || L amor -ōris || IL amore.
 * lover (n.) || ama-pei || L amator, L amans ||
 * low (a.) || basso || L humilis –e; LaL bassus -a -um || IL humile (= ad humo, depresso, ne alto).
 * lower (a. = less high) || mage-basso || L inferior ||
 * lower (v.1.1 = make lower) || basso-fica || S bajar |
 * lower (v.1.2 = become lower) || fia mage-basso ||
 * lowercase (n.) || minúskuli (= lítteri minúskuli) || L minuscula -ae ||
 * loyal (a.) || fidelo || L fidelis ||
 * loyalty (n.) || fidelo-yi || L fides, L fidelitas ||
 * 🤞 luck (n. = good or bad things that happen by chance) || sorti || L fors –rtis, L fortuna -ae; L cāsus –ūs (&lt; cado -ere), F chance; VL sors -rtis &gt; I P sorte, F Ca sort, Oc sòrt, S suerte, Ro soarta; L successus ||
 * lucky (a. = having, bringing, or resulting from good luck) || fausto || L felix; L faustus; L prosperus; L fortunatus ||
 * 🧳 luggage, baggage (n. = suitcases or other bags in which to pack personal belongings for travelling) || bagaji || L sarcinas, F Du Da Sw bagage, P bagagem, Nw bagasje, Tu bagaj, Ru bagazh, S equipaje, G Gepäck ||
 * lump (n.1 = irregular hard or solid mass) || glebi || L glaeba; L massa ||
 * lump (n.2 = swelling under the skin) || dermi-glebi ||
 * lunch (n. = midday meal) || meridi-prandi || L merenda; L prandium ||
 * lung (n.) || pulmoni || L pulmo -onis &gt; I polmone, S pulmón, P pulmão, F poumon, Ro plamân, Ca pulmó, Oc palmon ||
 * lute (n. = guitar-like instrument with a rounded body) || luti || Ar al-'ud “the wood” &gt; P alaude, F luth, S laud, I liuto, MeL lutana ||
 * 🇱🇺 Luxembourg (geo. = Grand Duchy of Luxembourg) || lu luxemburgo-landi || L Luxemburgum, G Luxemburg (Großherzogtum Luxemburg), F Luxembourg (Grand-Duché de Luxembourg), Lux Lëtzebuerg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg), S Luxemburgo.
 * lyre (n. = ancient stringed instrument like a small harp) || liri || L cithara; Gr lyra &gt; L lyra ||
 * lyric (a. = (of poetry) expressing the writer's emotions) || líriko || L lyricus &gt; S lírico ||
 * lyric(s) (n. = the words of a song) || kanti-texti ||
 * machine (n.1 = mechanical device for performing a particular task)|| macini || L māchina -ae, L machinamentum -ī.
 * mackerel (n. = a predatory marine fish with a greenish-blue back, important as a food fish) || skombri || L scomber -brī ||
 * mad (a.) || demento || L insanus, L vesanus, L demēns, L āmēns || IL demente (= sine mente, ex mente).
 * 🇲🇬 Madagascar (geo. = Republic of Madagascar) || lu madagaskaro-landi || L Madagascaria ||
 * madman (n.) || dementi-pei || L homo furiosus, L demens || IL demente (= sine mente, ex mente).
 * madness (n.) || demento-yi || L insania, L rabies, L amentia, L dementia, L furor ||
 * Madrid (geo.) || lu madrid(-vil) || L Matritum, L Madritum, S I F P G Ru Madrid, Gr Madrítih.
 * magazine (n.1 = periodical containing articles and pictures; from Ar mak'âzin “store-houses”) || magazini || L [Egger, Zeitschrift] commentarius periodicus picturis exornatus, I magazzino, F magasin ||
 * 🧙 mage (n. = a magician or learned person) || magi-pei ||
 * magic (a.) || magi-yo || L magicus || IL magico.
 * magic (n.) || magi-arti || L magica ars, L veneficium || IL magia (&lt; Gr mageía = arte de mago).
 * 🧙 magician (n.) || magi-pei || L magus, L veneficus || IL mago (&lt; Gr mágos, &lt; Pe).
 * magnesium (n. = chemical element #12 [Mg], coined 1808 by Davy, &lt; Gr Magnesia lithos "lodestone" &lt; Magnesia (region in Thessaly)) || magnesi || MoL magnesium -ii, G Du Sw Nw Da magnesium, F magnésium, I S magnesio, Ro magneziu, Ca magnesi, Oc magnèsi, Tu magnezyum, Gr magníh,sio || IL magnesio (= metallo cum symbolo « Mg », tracto ex « magnesia »), Ia magnesium, Eo magnezio, Io magnezo.
 * 🧲 magnet (n.) || magneti || L magnēs -ētis ||.
 * magnetic (a.) || magneti-yo || MoL magnēticus ||.
 * Maia (hist., goddess) || lu maya || L Maia -ae ||
 * mail (n.1 = letters and parcels sent by post) || posti-rei ||
 * main (a. = greatest or most important) || máximo || L maximus –a –um; L praecipuus; L prīmus –a -um; L principālis –e &gt; I principale, S P F Ro Ca Oc principal ||
 * main (a.) || precipuo || L praecipuus, L primus, L maximus ||
 * mainly (adv.) || precipuo-ye || L praecipue, L maxime ||
 * maintain (v.1 = cause or enable (a condition or situation) to continue) || sustinea || L affirmō -āre, L sustineō -ēre, L sustentō -ēre ||
 * 🌽 maize (n. = cereal plant whose large grains are eaten as a vegetable) || maizi || L zea mays, L maizium, L maiza, S maíz (&lt; Taino mahiz) ||
 * major (a.1 = important, serious, or significant) || majoro || L maior ||
 * majority (n.1 = the greater number) || majoro-parti || L pars maior ||
 * make (v.1 = form by combining parts) || fakia || L faciō -ere || IL fac (= age, gere, effice, produc, forma, gene, pone, redde, strue, exseque).
 * make (v.2 = cause; v.3 = force to do) || fica || L reddō -ere, L faciō -ere, LaL -izo -izāre, L -ficiō -ficāre, F -fier, F -iser, S -izar (&lt; LaL -izare &lt; Gr -izein) || IL redde (= da retro), IL fac (= age, produc, redde, etc.).
 * maker (n.) || fakia-pei || L fabricator, L auctor ||
 * 🇲🇼 Malawi (geo. = Republic of Malawi) || lu malavio-landi || L Malavium ||
 * 🇲🇾 Malaysia (geo.) || lu malaisio-landi || L Malaesia, Ro Malaezia, G Malaysia, F Malaisie, S Malasia, P Malásia, Gr Malaisía, Ru Malaiziya ||
 * 🇲🇻 Maldives (geo. = Republic of) || lu plu maldivo-ínsuli || L Maldivae (acc. Maldivas), L Insulae Maldivae, Dhi Dhivehi Raa'jey, G Malediven, Du Maldiven, S P Oc Maldivas, F Ca Maldives, I Maldive, Gr Maldíbes ||
 * ♂️ male (a.) || máskulo, masklo || L mās - maris, L māsculus -a -um || IL mas, IL masculo.
 * male (n.) || máskuli || L mās - maris, L māsculus -ī || IL masculo, IL mas (= masculo, vir, anti femina).
 * 🇲🇱 Mali (geo. = Republic of Mali) || lu malio-landi || L Malium, F Le Mali (République du) ||
 * 🇲🇹 Malta (geo. = Republic of Malta) || lu malto-landi || L Melita, S Malta, Mal Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta) ||
 * Maltese (geo. a.) || geo-malto || L Melitensis.
 * Maltese (lang.) || lu malto-glossi || L Lingua Melitensis ||
 * mammal (n.) || mammali || L mammiferus, MoL mammale -is, pl. mammalia (Linnaeus 1758, &lt; L mamma ‘breast’), I mammifero, S mamífero, F mammifère, G Säugetiere || IL mammifero (= (animale) que fer mammas).
 * 🧔 man (n. = adult human male) || wiri || L vir -ī || IL mas, IL masculo, IL vir (= homo mas).
 * man (n. = person) || hómini || L homō -minis, F homme, P homem, Ca home, S hombre, I uomo/-mini ||
 * manage (v.) || administra || L administrō -ā, L curō -āre, L tractō -ā, L gerō -ere ||
 * management (n.) || administra-yi || L administratio, L cura, L procuratio ||
 * manager (n.) || administra-pei || L curator, L procurator ||
 * mane (n. = a growth of long hair on the neck of a horse, lion, or other mammal) || jubi || L iuba f ||
 * 🥭 mango (n.) || mangi || I S Ca G Du Da Ru Tu mango, F mangue, Oc P manga (from Tamil mankay ‘mango-tree fruit’) ||
 * manifest (a. = clear and obvious) || manifesto || L manifestus –a –um ||
 * manifestly (adv.) || manifesto-ye || L manifeste, L aperte ||
 * manifesto (n. = a public declaration of policy and aims, especially one issued before an election by a political party or candidate) || manifesti || L manifestus –a –um ||
 * manner (n.) || modi || L modus, L ratio, L consuetudo ||
 * manufacture (n. = the making of articles on a large scale using machinery) || fabrika-yi || L fabrica, L opificium ||
 * manufacture (v.) || fábrika || L fabricor -ari, L fabrefacio -ere ||
 * manufacturer (n.) || fábrika-pei || L fabricator, L opifex ||
 * many (det.) || multo || L multī -ae -a, L plūrimī -ae -a, L plerique, L complures || IL multo, IL plurimo (= maximo numero, multo plus).
 * 🗺️ map (n.) || mappi || L tabula geographica, MeL charta, MeL I mappa, S mapa ||
 * marble (n.) || mármori || L marmor -ris, S mármol ||
 * March (n. = the third month) || marti (= mensi trio-yo du anni) || L Martius -ii || IL martio (= tertio mense, sacro ad Marte).
 * march (n.) || itíneri || L iter -tineris ||
 * mare (n.) || feo-eqi || L equa, S yegua ||
 * margin (n.) || márgini || L margo -ginis ||
 * mark (n.1 = a small area on a surface having a different colour from its surroundings, typically one caused by damage or dirt) || stígmati || L nota, L signum; L stigma; L vestigium nt ||
 * market (n.) || merkati || L forum, L mercatus -us ||
 * marketing (n.) || merkati-skienti || L emptio, L mercatura ||
 * marriage (n.) || marita-yi || L conubium, L coniugium, L matrimonium, L nuptiae (pl.) ||
 * 💍 married (a.) || marita-zo || L maritus, L nupta ||
 * marry (v.) || marita || L conubio iungo, L maritō -āre ||
 * Mars (n. = fourth planet from the sun) || lu marti(-planeti) || L Mars - Martis || IL Marte.
 * Mars (hist. = god of war) || (dei) lu marti || L Mars - Martis || IL Marte (= deo de bello).
 * marsh (n. = area of low-lying waterlogged land) || paludi || L palūs -ūdis ||.
 * martial (a. = relating to fighting or war) || marti-yo || L martialis ||
 * marvel (n.) || mirabilo-rei || L res mira, L mirum, L miraculum ||
 * marvellous (a.) || mirábilo || L mirus, L mirabilis ||
 * 😷 mask (n.) || maski || L persona -ae, MeL masca -ae, I maschera ||
 * mass (n.1 = amount of matter with no definite shape) || massi || L massa &gt; I P Oc Ca massa, S Ro masa, F masse, E mass; L mōlēs -is ||
 * master (n.) || magistri || L magister -tri ||
 * masturbate (v.) || masturba || L masturbor -ārī ||
 * masturbation (n.) || masturba-yi || L masturbātiō ||
 * material (a.1 = of physical things) || materi-yo || L corporeus ||
 * material (n.1 = the matter from which something is or can be made) || materi || L materia ||
 * mathematics (n.) || matemati || LaL mathematica, I matematica, F mathématique || IL mathematica (&lt; Gr mathema (= scientia, mathematica)).
 * matter (n.1 = physical substance or material) || materi || L materia -ae, L materies -ei || IL materia (= substantia matre de uno corpore).
 * matter (v.1 = be important) || importa || S importar ||
 * 🇲🇷 Mauritania (geo. = Islamic Republic of Mauritania) || lu mauritano-landi || L Mauretania, F Mauritanie (République islamique de Mauritanie) ||
 * 🇲🇺 Mauritius (geo. = Republic of Mauritius) || lu mauritio-landi || L Mauritia, F Maurice (République de) ||
 * may (aux.v. = expressing possibility, permission, or a wish) || possa || L possum - posse - potui, VL poteo -ēre, L licet -ēre || IL pote, IL potes, IL lice (= es permisso, homo pote)
 * May (n. = the fifth month) || mayi (= mensi cinqo-yo du anni) || L Maius || IL majo (= mense numero 5, periodo de majore vegetatione).
 * maybe (adv. = perhaps) || forse || L forsitan, L forsan, L forte, L fortasse, I forse ||
 * me (pro.) || mi || L mē || IL me.
 * me (pro. = to me, DATIVE) || pu mi || L mihi (dat.) ||.
 * meal (n.) || prandi || L prandium -i ||
 * mean (v.1 = intend) || intenda ||
 * mean (v.2 = (of a word) have as its explanation in the same language or its equivalent in another) || signifika || L significō -āre ||
 * meaning (n. = what is meant) || signifikati || L significātiō -ōnis, VL significatum, S significado ||
 * meanwhile (adv. = in the period of time between two events) || íntere || VL dum interim ||
 * meanwhile (adv. = at the same time) || dume || L interea, L interim ||
 * measure (n.) || mensuri || L mēnsūra -ae ||
 * measure (v.) || metia || L metior -iri, LaL mensurō -āre ||
 * 🥩 meat (n.) || karni || L caro -rnis, L carnis -is, I S P carne, F viande, G Fleisch, Gr kréas, Ru myaso ||
 * medical (a.) || médiko || L medicus, L medicinalis || IL medicale, IL medicinale.
 * medicine (n.1 = the science or practice of treating and preventing disease) || medicini || L medicina [ars] ||
 * meditate (v.) || medita || L meditor -ārī ||
 * meditation (n.) || medita-yi || L meditātiō -ōnis ||
 * meet (v.) || kongredia || L obveniō -īre [+ dat.], L congredior (cum) [+ abl.] ||
 * meeting (n.) || kongredia-yi || L congressiō -ōnis, L congressus -ūs ||
 * 🍈 melon (n. &lt; Gr melon “fruit”) || meloni || MeL melo -ōnis || Ro melono.
 * member (n.) || membri || L membrum -ī ||
 * memory (n.) || memori || L memoria -ae || IL memoria (&lt; memore (= qui memora)).
 * merchandise (n.) || merci || L merx - mercis ||
 * merciful (a.) || klemento || L clemens ||
 * mercury (n. = heavy liquid metallic element) || hidrárgiri || L argentum vivum, Gr hydrárgyros || IL hydrargiro (in Chemia « Hg ». ⊂ hydr(o) [aqua] argyro [argento]), IL mercurio.
 * Mercury (n. = first planet from the sun) || lu merkuri(-planeti) || L Mercurius -i || IL Mercurio (= planeta plus proximo ad sole; deo de commercio).
 * Mercury (hist. = god of trade) || (dei) lu merkuri || L Mercurius -i ||
 * mercy (n.) || klemento-yi || L clementia -ae ||
 * 🧜‍♀‍ mermaid (n. = a mythical sea creature with the head and trunk of a woman and the tail of a fish, …) || mari-nimfi || L nympha marina (from Gr nymphe ‘bride, young lady’), I S sirena, F sirène, P sereia, Gr gorgóna, G Meerjungfrau, Sw sjöjungfru, Du zeemeermin, Nw Da havfrue ||
 * Mesopotamia (geo.) || lu mesopotamio-landi || L Mesopotamia (&lt; Gr, lit. ‘in the middle of rivers’) ||
 * message (n.) || nunti || L nuntius ||
 * messenger (n.) || nunti-pei || L nuntius ||
 * metal (n.) || metalli || L aes aeris, L metallum -ī (&lt; Gr. metallon) || IL metallo, IL æs (= primo metallo uso ab homine, combinatione de cupro et stanno; metallo in generale; primo moneta ex ære).
 * metallic (a.) || metallia || L metallicus &lt; Gr metallikos ||
 * metre (US meter) (n.1 = metric unit of length equal to 100 cm (approx. 39.37 inches)) || metri || L metrum –i, Gr métro || Eo Io Ro metro.
 * Mexican (geo. a.) || geo-méxiko || L Mexicanus -a -um.
 * 🇲🇽 Mexico (geo. = United Mexican States; from Navatlaco language) || lu mexiko-landi || L Mexicum, S P México (Estados Unidos Mexicanos), Da Du Nw Mexico, G Sw Mexiko, Ro Oc Mexic, Ca Mèxic, F Mexique, I Messico, Gr Meksikó, Ru Tu Meksika || Ia Ie FN Mexico, Eo Meksiko, Io Meksikia, NL Mexiko.
 * 🦠 microbe (n. = microorganism, esp. one that causes disease; popular name for a bacterium, coined in French in 1878) || mikrobi || I microbo, S microbio, P micróbio, F microbe, Ro microb, Ca microbi, Oc micròbi ||
 * 🎤 microphone (n.) || mikrófoni || L microphonum, I microfono, S micrófono, Gr mikróphono, F microphone, G Mikrofon, Ca micròfon ||
 * 🔭 microscope (n.) || mikroskopi || L microscopium, I S microscopio, Gr mikroskópio, F microscope ||
 * mid (a. = in the middle) || medio || L medius -a -um ||
 * midday (n. = noon) || meridi ||
 * middle (n. = middle point or position) || medi || L medium -i ||
 * middle (a.1 = at an equal distance from the edges or ends of something) || medio || L medius -a -um ||
 * midnight (n.) || medio-nokti || L media nox ||
 * mighty (a. = powerful or strong) || potento ||
 * Milan (geo.) || lu milan || L Mediolanum, I Sw Nw Da Ro Milano, Gr Miláno, Pie F Ru Milan, S Milán, P Milão, Du Milaan, G Mailand ||
 * military (a.) || militi-yo || L militaris -e || IL militare (= de milite).
 * 🥛 milk (n.) || lakti || L lāc - lāctis || IL lacte.
 * mill (n.1 = building with machinery for grinding grain into flour) || moli || L mola -ae; L pistrinum ||
 * millstone (n.1 = each of a pair of circular stones for grinding grain) || moli-lápidi || L mola –ae; L molaris ||
 * millennium (n.) || millenni || L millennium || IL millennio (= spatio de mille anno).
 * million (n.) || millioni || L decies centena milia, I milione, F Oc milion, Ca milió, S millón, P milhão, Ro milioane ||
 * mind (n.) || psiki || L animus -i, L mēns - mentis, L ingenium -i, L sensus -us, L psyche (&lt; Gr) ||
 * mindful (a.) || memoro || L memor -oris ||
 * mine (pos. pro.) || miyo || L meus -a -um || IL meo (= de me).
 * minister (n.) || ministri || I S P ministro (&lt; L minister -trī ‘attendant, servant’), F Ca Oc ministre, Ro ministru ||
 * minor (a.) || minoro || L minor -or -us ||
 * minority (n.) || minoro-yi ||
 * Minsk (geo.) || lu minsk || L Minscum, Ru Bel I F S G Gr Minsk.
 * mint (n.1 = herb used in cookery) || minti || L menta -ae &gt; I S P Ro Ca Oc menta, F menthe ||
 * mint (v. = make coins) || kuda || L cudo -ere ||
 * minus (pre.) || minu ||
 * minute (n.) || minuti || L punctum temporis, MeL pars minuta prima, I S P minuto, F G minute, Ca minut || IL Ia minuta (IL = parte minuto, hora diviso 60), Eo ER Io FN Ro minuto, Ie NL minute, IN minut, Ui minùt, IG mini.
 * miracle (n.) || mirákuli || L miraculum, I miracolo, F miracle || IL miraculo.
 * mirror (n.) || spékuli || L speculum -ī, S espejo || IL speculo (= quod servi ad spece se).
 * miserable (a.1 = very unhappy) || mísero || L miser -era -erum ||
 * misery (n.) || miseri || L miseria -ae ||
 * mission (n.) || missioni || L missiō -ōnis ||
 * mistake (n. = thing that is incorrect) || errori || L erratum, L mendum, L vitium -ī, L error -ōrris ||
 * misuse (v.1 = use wrongly) || male-usa || L abutor ||
 * mix (v.) || miskea || L misceō -ēre ||
 * 📱 mobile (or mobile phone) (n. = portable phone) || movea-teléfoni || L telephon(i)um gestabile, L telephon(i)um portatile, L telephon(i)um portabile, L telephonulum, S teléfono móvil, F téléphone mobile, Ca telèfon mòbil, Ro telefon mobil, Oc telefòn mobil, I telefono cellulare, P telefone celular, G Da moviltelefon, Nw mobiltelefon, Sw mobiltelefoni, Du mobiele telefoon, Gr kinihtó tihléfono || Eo poŝtelefono, Ia (telephono) mobile.
 * mode (n. = way of doing something) || modi || L modus -ī, L ratiō -ōnis ||
 * model (n.1 = a 3-D representation of a person or thing …; n.2 = a thing used as an example to follow or imitate) || modelli || L modulus, VL modellus, S modelo || Eo ER modelo, NL modele.
 * moderate (a.) || módiko, modera-zo || L modicus -a -um, L moderatus -a -um ||
 * moderate (v.) || modera || L moderor -ari, L moderō -āre ||
 * modern (a.) || moderno || LaL modernus -a -um ||
 * 🇲🇩 Moldova (geo. = Republic of Moldova) || lu moldavo-landi || L Moldavia (Res Publica Moldavica), Ro Moldova (Republica Moldova) ||
 * molecule (n. = group of atoms forming the smallest unit that can take part in a chemical reaction) || molékuli || E molecule, &lt; F molécule, &lt; MoL molecula (&lt; L mōlēs ‘mass’) ||.
 * 🇲🇨 Monaco (geo. = Principality of Monaco) || lu monako-landi || L Monoecus (Principatus Monoeci), F Monaco (Principauté de Monaco) ||
 * Monday (n.) || luni-di || L dies Lunae, LaL lunae dies, I Lunedí, F Lundi, S Lunes, Ro Luni, Ca Dilluns, Oc Diluns, P Segunda-feira.
 * 💰 money (n.) || pekuni, moneti || L pecunia; L argentum &gt; F argent; L nummus; L moneta (‘a title or surname of the Roman goddess Juno, by whose temple money was coined, from L moneō; coined money’) &gt; F monnaie, E money; I denaro, S dinero, P dinheiro, Ca Oc diners; Ro bani; G Geld || IL Ia pecunia (IL = moneta, nummo, argento, auro, divitia ex pecu), IL Ia moneta (IL = metallo cum pretio impresso), IL nummo (= moneta), Eo ER mono, IN mon, Ie moné, NL moneye, FN mone, Io pekunio, Ie pecunie, Ro pecunio, NL pekunie, Ui denie, IG valuta.
 * 🇲🇳 Mongolia (geo.) || lu mongolio-landi || L Mongolia, Mon Mongol Uls ||
 * 🐒 monkey (n.) || simi || L sīmius -ī, L sīmia -ae, I scimmia, F singe, S mono, P macaco, Ca mico || IL simia (= animale cum naso simo).
 * monster (n.1 = large, frightening imaginary creature) || monstri || L mōnstrum -ī &gt; F Ca monstre, S monstruo, E monster ||
 * 🇲🇪 Montenegro (geo.) || lu montenegro-landi || L Mons Niger, L (acc.) Montem Nigrum, Mon Crna Gora, S Montenegro.
 * 🗓 month (n.) || mensi || L mēnsis -is, I mese, P mês, S Ca Oc mes, F mois, Ro luna, Gr míhnas || IL mense (= periodo de luna).
 * 🌙 the moon (n. = the natural satellite of the earth) || lu luni || L lūna -ae || IL luna.
 * 🥮 moon cake (n. = a round cake eaten during the Chinese Moon Festival) || luni-skribliti ||
 * moose (n.) || alci || L alces alces (= maxima species familiae cervidarum; Linnaeus 1758), Gr álkih, I S P alce, F élan, Ro elan, Ca ant, Du eland, G Elch, Da Nw elg, Sw älg, Sr Ru pos || Eo Io alko.
 * moral (a.) || mori-yo || L moralis -e ||
 * more (adv.) || mage || L plūs; L magis; L amplius; L ultra || IL plus, IL magis.
 * more (det.) || pluso || L plūrēs -a || -.
 * moreover (adv. = besides) || ete ||
 * morning (n.) || mattini || L māne, L mātūtīnum tempus || IL mane (= matutino, initio de die), I mattino, F matin ||
 * 🇲🇦 Morocco (geo. = Kingdom of Morocco) || lu maroko-landi || L Marocum, L Marochium, I Marocco, F Maroc, G Marokko, Ar al-maġrib ||
 * Moscow (geo.) || lu moskov || L Moscua, Ru Moskvá, G Moskau, F Moscou, S Moscú, I Mosca, Gr Móskha.
 * 🦟 mosquito (n. = small bloodsucking fly) || moskiti || S mosquito (&lt; S mosca &lt; L musca‘fly’) &gt; E P mosquito, Ca Oc mosquit, F moustique; L culex -licis, I zanzara, Ro tântar, Oc moissal, G Stechmücken, Du steekmuggen, Nw stikkemygg, Sw stickmyggor, Da stikmyg, Gr kounoúpi || IL culice, Ia mosquito, Eo Io moskito.
 * most (det.) || plúrimo || L plērīque, L complures -a, L plūrimī -ae -a || IL multo, IL plurimo (= maximo numero, multo plus).
 * most (adv.) || máxime || L maxime, L plurimum || IL maximo.
 * 🤱 mother (n.) || matri || L māter -tris, L genitrix -īcis, I S P madre, Ca Oc mare, F mère, Ro mama || IL matre.
 * motion (n.1 = act of moving) || movea-yi || L mōtus -ūs, L motiō -ōnis, MeL movimentum -ī ||
 * mount (n.3 = mountain (in names)) || monti || L mōns -ntis &gt; I S P monte, Ro munte, F Oc mont, Ca munt, E mount || IL monte.
 * mountain (n.1 = very high, steep hill) || monti || L mōns -ntis &gt; Ro munte, VL montanea &gt; I montagna, F montagne, P montanha, S montaña, Ca Oc muntanya, E mountain || IL monte.
 * 👨🏻‍🦱 moustache (US mustache) (n. = a strip of hair left to grow above the upper lip, from F, from medieval Gr moustakion, diminutive of Gr mystax ‘upper lip, mustache’) || mustaci || L mystax -acis, F moustache, I mostaccio, Gr moustáki, Ro mustata, Sw mustasch, S bigote, I baffi, Nw bart, G Schnurrbart || Eo lipharoj.
 * 🐁 mouse (n.1 = small rodent with a long tail) || musi || PIE *mus- &gt; L mūs - muris (&gt; L mūsculus -ī), G Maus, Sw Da mus, Du muis, E mouse; F souris, I topo, I sorcio, S ratón, P rato, Ca ratolí || IL mure (= Zool. « mus musculus »), IL musculo (= parvo mus).
 * 👄 mouth (n.1 = the opening in the body through which food is taken and sounds are made) || ori, bokki || L ōs - ōris; LaL bucca -ae &gt; I bocca, S P Ca Oc boca, F bouche; L rictus -ī; Ro gura || IL ore, IL bucca (= cavitate de ore).
 * move (v.1 = go in a specified direction or way) || movea || L moveō -ēre &gt; I muovere, S P mover, F mouvoir, E move, Ca moure, Oc mòure || IL move.
 * move (n.1 = act of moving) || movea-yi || L mōtus -ūs, L motiō -ōnis, MeL movimentum -ī ||
 * movement (n.1 = act of moving) || movea-yi || L mōtus -ūs, L motiō -ōnis, MeL movimentum -ī ||
 * 🎥 movie (US) (n. = cinema film) || filmi || L pellicula (= opus artis cinematographicae); L taeniola, Gr kinihmatográphos, I F Ro G Sw Da Nw Du Ru Tu film, P Oc filme || Eo filmo.
 * 🇲🇿 Mozambique (geo. = Republic of Mozambique) || lu mozambiko-landi || L Mozambicum, P Moçambique (República de) ||
 * Mr. (n.) || mao-doi (from L mas + dominus) || L dominus, VL senior, S señor, S Sr. ||
 * Mrs. (n.) || feo-doi (from L femina + domina) || L domina, S señora, S Sra. ||
 * much (adv., pro.) || multe || L multum, L multo || IL multo.
 * multiple (a.) || múltiplo || L multiplex, LaL multiplus ||
 * multiply (v.) || multiplika || L multiplicō -āre, S multiplicar || IL multiplica.
 * Mumbai (Bombai until 1995) (geo.) || lu mumbái || L I G Ru Mumbai, F S Bombay, Gr Moumpái.
 * Munich (geo., from Old G Munichen) || lu muncen || L Monacum, I Monaco di Baviera, Gr Mónakho, L Monachium, G Sw Nw Da Du Ro München (&lt; Old G Munichen), Ru Myunkhen, F Munich, S Múnich ||
 * murder (n. = the illegal deliberate killing of one person by another) || homicidi || L caedēs -is, L homicidium ||
 * muscle (n.) || múskuli || L mūsculus -ī, L lacertus -ī, L torus -ī || IL musculo.
 * 🍄 mushroom (n.) || fungi || L fungus -ī, boletus -ī, agaricum -ī || IL fungo.
 * 🎼 music (n.) || músiki || L musica -ae.
 * must (aux. v.) || debea || L necesse est, L convenio -īre (intr.) || IL debe (= es obligato).
 * mutual (a.) || mutuo || L mutuus -a -um ||
 * my (a.) || miyu || L meus -a -um, I il meo, S mi, P meu – minha, Ca meu - meva || IL meo (= de me).
 * 🇲🇲 Myanmar (geo. = Republic of the Union of Myanmar), Burma || lu mianmar-landi || L Birmania (Unio Birmaniae), Bur Myam ä (Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw), I S Birmania, P G Myanmar, Gr Mianmár, Ru Myanma ||
 * nail (n.1 = small metal spike with a flat head, used to join pieces of wood together) || klava-aki || L clavus (= acus qui possit in lignum vel aliam materiem … percuti vel verti), S clavo, Ca clau, I chiodo, F clou; G Nagel; Da søm; Du spijker, Sw spik || Eo najlo, Io klovo, Ro clovo, Ia clavo.
 * 💅 nail (n.2 = thin hard layer over the tip of a finger or toe) || únguli || L unguis, L ungula &gt; Ca ungla, F ongle, I unghia, P unha, S uña; G Du Sw nagel, Da negl || IL ungue, Eo ungo, Io unglo, Ia ungula, Ro ungulo.
 * nail (v.) || klava || L clāvō -āre, S Ca clavar ||
 * naked (a.) || nudo || Gr gymnos; L nudus, I nudo, S desnudo, F Pg Ca nu; Du naakt, G nackt, Sw naken, Da nøgen.
 * name (n.1 = word or words by which someone or something is known) || nómini || L nōmen -inis, I nome, S nombre, F Ca nom, Gr onoma, Gr onyma, Du naam, Sw namn, Da navn; L vocabulum -ī; L appellatiō -ōnis || IL nomen, IL Ia nomine, Eo ER Io nomo, IN FN Ui nom, Ie nómine, NL nome, Ro nómino, IG nomino.
 * name (v.1 = give a name to) || nomina || L nominō -āre, F nommer, Ca anomenar || Eo FN nomi, ER NL noma, IN nomar, Io nomizar, Ie Ia nominar, NL nomisa, Ro nòminizer, FN nomi, Ui nomo, IG date nomino.
 * 🇳🇦 Namibia (geo. = Republic of Namibia) || lu namibio-landi || L Namibia ||
 * narcotic (n. = addictive drug affecting mood or behaviour; from MeL narcoticus, from Gr narkotikos "making stiff or numb") || narkoti || IG narco-ma.
 * narrate (v. = tell a story) || narra || L narrō -āre, S narrar, F narrer || IN narar, Ie Ia narrar, NL FN nara, Io naracar.
 * narrow (a.) || angusto || L angustus -a -um || IL angusto (= stricto).
 * 👃 nasal (a.) || nasi-yo || L nasalis || IL nasale.
 * nation (n. = large group sharing the same culture, language, or history, and inhabiting a particular state or area) || nationi || L nātiō -ōnis &gt; F E nation, I nazione, Ro natiune, Oc nacion, S nación, Ca nació, P nação; L gēns - gentis; L populus -ī || IL natione.
 * national (a.) || nationi-yo || L popularis || IL nationale.
 * natural (a.) || naturi-yo || L nātūrālis, I naturale, F naturel, G natürlich, Sw Da naturlig, Du natuurlijk, S Ca E natural || IL naturale (= secundo natura), Eo natura, IN naturik, Io naturala, Ie NL Ia natural, Ui naturi, Ro naturesca; IG auto-qualito.
 * 🏞 nature (n.) || naturi || L nātūra -ae, I Ca natura, Pg natureza, S naturaleza, G Da Sw natur, Du natuur, F E nature; Gr physis || IL Ie Ia natura, Eo ER Io Ro naturo, IN FN natur, NL nature, Ui natùr, IG physio, Ia physis.
 * 🤢 nausea (n.1 = a feeling of sickness with an inclination to vomit; via L from Gr nausia, from naus ‘ship’) || nausei || L nausea -ae ||.
 * near (a.) || propinqo || L propinquus -a -um, L vīcīnus -a -um || IL propinquo, IL proximo, IL vicino, IL ne longe.
 * near (adv.) || prope || L prope, Ca a prop, L iuxtā, L proxime, S cerca || IL prope (= propinquo, proximo, apud, vicino, ne longe), IL apud.
 * near (pre.) || propu || L ad, L apud, L prope, L iuxtā, S cerca, G bei, Du bij || IL prope, IN proximu, NL proxim, IL Eo ER Io Ia apud, Ie apu, Ia juxta, Ui ner.
 * nearly (adv. = almost) || qase || L quasi: I Ca quasi, Pg quási, S casi, F presque, Sw nästan, Da næsten, Du bijna, G beina || IN kuasi, Ie Ia quasi, FN cuasi, Eo preskaŭ, ER presku, Io NL preske, Ie presc, Ro presque, Ui nerim, IG proximo.
 * necessary (a. = needing to be done or present; essential) || necesso || L necesse (&lt; ne cedere), L necessarius, I necessario, P necessário, S necesario, Ca necessari, F nécessaire, G nötig, Du nodig, G notwendig, Sw nödvändig, Da nødvendig || IL necessario, IL Ia necesse (= necessario), Eo Io Ro necesa, IN neses, IN nesesar, Ie necessi, NL nesesar(i), Ia necessari, FN nesesada, ER nezese, IG necesso, Ui nudi.
 * neck (n.) || kolli || L collum -ī, I collo, Ca coll, S cuello, F cou; L cervīx -īcis; Sw Da Du G hals; Du nek, G Nacken; P pescoço || IL collo, IL cervice.
 * 👔 necktie (n.) || kravatti || L focale, L focale Croatum, L fascia Croata, I cravatta, S Ca corbata, F cravate, G Kravatte (&lt; Sr Hrvat), Gr grabáta || IL focale (= fascia circa collo), Eo Io kravato.
 * need (v.1 = want something because it is essential) || besonia || L indigere, L necessitāre (= necesse esse), S necesitar, P Ca necessitar, Oc besonhar, I aver bisogno di, F avoir besoin de, Du nodig hebben, G nötig haben, G brauchen, Sw behöva, Da behøve || Ia indiger, IL necessita (= es necesse), IN avar nesesitet de, Ia haber necessitate de, FN nesesa, Ui nudo, IG non habe u necesso (= lit. "not to have a necessary …"), Eo bezoni, ER NL besona, Io bezonar, Ia besonar, Ro besonier.
 * need (n.1 = situation in which something is necessary or must be done) || necesso-yi || L opus; L necessitas -ātis, S necesidad, I necessità, F nécessité; Du nood, G not; VL besonium (&lt; Gmc), I bisogno, F besoin || IL IN nesesitet, Ie necessitá, Ia necessitate, FN nesesa, IG necesso, Ui nud, Eo Io bezono, ER besono, Ie beson, NL besone, Ro *besonio.
 * need (n.2 = something needed) || necesso-rei ||
 * needle (n.1 = very thin pointed piece of metal used in sewing) || konsua-aki || L acus -us ||
 * negative (a.) || negativo || L negativus, I S P negativo, Ca negatiu ||
 * negativity (n.) || negativo-yi ||
 * neighbour, (US) neighbor (n. = person living next or very near to; lit. "near dweller") || vicino-pei || L vicinus (from L vicus ‘village, group of houses’), I vicino, S vecino, F voisin, Pg vizinho, Ca veí/-ns Du (na)bur, G nachbar || ER viceno, IN visino, Io Ie Ia Ro vicino, NL visine, Eo najbaro, Ui nersan, IG proximo-pe.
 * neighbourhood, (US) neighborhood (n. = community of people who live close together) || || I vicinità, F voisinage, S vecindad, S vecindario, Pg vizinhança || ER vicenejo, IN visinitet, Io vicineyo, Io vicinajo, Ie vicinitá, Ie vicinage, Ia vicinitate, Ro vicinayo, Eo najbarejo, Ui nersad.
 * neighbouring, (US) neighbor (a.) || vicino || L vicinus -a -um.
 * neither (conj.) || neku || L nec, L neque || IL nec (= ne, et ne).
 * neon (n. = chemical element #10 [Ne], coined by Ramsay &amp; Travers 1898, &lt; Gr neos "new", neuter neon) || neoni || MoL neon neī (acc. neon, abl. neó), F P Gr néon, I Ro Oc G Du Sw Nw Da Ru Tu neon, S neón, Ca neó || Eo Io neono, Ia neon.
 * 🇳🇵 Nepal (geo. = Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal) || lu nepalio-landi || L Nepalia, Nep Nepāl (Sanghiya Loktāntrik Ganatantra Nepāl) ||
 * nephew (n.) || mao-sobrini || L fratris/sororis filius; L nepōs -ōtis (‘grandson; male descendant; nephew’), I nipote, Ro nepot, Ca Oc nebot, F neveu, E nephew, Du neef, S sobrino, P sobrinho, Sw bror-son (lit. ‘brother-son’) ||
 * Neptune (n. = eigth planet from the sun) || lu neptuni(-planeti) || L Neptunus, Gr Poseidon || IL Neptuno (= deo de mari; planeta post Urano, quem in 1846 Leverrier detege).
 * Neptune (hist. = god of sea) || (dei) lu neptuni || L Neptunus -i ||
 * nerve (n.) || nervi || L nervus -i ||
 * nervous (a.) || nervoso || L nervosus -a -um ||
 * nest (n.) || nidi || L nidus -dī, I S nido, F nid, Ca niu, G Nest || IL nido.
 * 🥅 net (n.1 = a piece of open-meshed material made of twine, cord, or something similar, used typically for catching fish or other animals) || reti || L rēte -īs, I rete, P rede, S red, F filet, Ca xarxa, Sw nät, G netz, Da Du net || IL IG reti, Eo ER Io Ro reto, Ie NL Ia rete, IN ret, FN rede, Ui net.
 * network (n.1 = an arrangement of intersecting horizontal and vertical lines; n.2 = a group or system of interconnected people or things) || reti-sistemi || L rēte -īs, I rete, P rede, S red, F filet, Ca xarxa || Eo retaĵo, Ie retage, IG reti, Io Ro reto, Ia rete, FN rede, Ui net.
 * 🇳🇱 Netherlands (geo. = Kingdom of the Netherlands) || lu nederlandi || L Nederlandia, L Batavia, Du Nederlanden (Koninkrijk der Nederlanden) ||
 * never (adv.) || nunqe || L numquam, L nunquam (&lt; ne unquam) &gt; S P nunca, Ro nu; F jamais, I Ca Oc mai || IL nunquam (= nullo vice, in nullo tempore).
 * nevertheless (adv. = in spite of that) || támene || L tamen, L attamen, L -cumque, L quamvis, L utcumque, L qumtumvis || IL Eo ER Io NL Ia Ro tamen, Ie támen, Ui pur, FN contra esta, IN negligante it, IG anti re.
 * next (a. = nearest in position or time) || próximo || L proximus -a -um, S Pg próximo, Ca pròxim, F prochain, I prossimo, Da næst, Sw näst, G nächst, Du naast || IL IG proximo (IL = multo prope, vicino), Eo proksima, IN proksim, Io proxima, Ro próxima, NL proximi, Ie proxim, Ia proxime, FN prosoma, Ui nes.
 * next (adv.1 = immediately afterwards) || próxime ||
 * new (a.1 = made, introduced, discovered, or experienced recently) || neo || Gr neos, L novus -a -um, P novo, I nuovo, S nuevo, Ca Oc nou, L novellus -a -um, F nouveau, Du nieuw, G neu, Sw Da ny, Ru novyi, We newydd, L recéns, Gr kainos || IL novo, Eo Io FN Ro nova, IN Ie nov, NL nov(i), Ui novi, ER Ia nove, IL novello, Ia novelle, IG neo.
 * New York, New York City (geo.) || lu neo-york || L Novum Eboracum, I F New York, G New York City, S Nueva York, P Nova Iorque, Gr Néa Yorkih, Ru Nyu-Iork.
 * 🇳🇿 New Zealand (geo.) || lu neo-zelandi || L Neva Zelandia, Mao Aotearoa ||
 * news (n.) || jurnali-rei || L res novae (pl.), L fama, L rumor, L nuntius || IL novella (= re novo, novitate, nuntio, fama, fabula).
 * 📰 newspaper (n. = daily or weekly publication containing news and articles) || jurnali || L diarium, LaL diurnalis &gt; Ca diari, I giornale, P jornal, F journal; Gr ephihmerída; S periódico; Oc prensa; Tu gazete, Ru gazeta; G Zeitung || IL diurnale (= libro diurno, publicatione quotidiano), Eo gazeto.
 * 🇳🇮 Nicaragua (geo. = Republic of Nicaragua) || lu nikaraguo-landi || L Nicaragua (Res publica Nicaraguae), S Nicaragua (República de) ||
 * Nicaraguan (geo. a.) || nikaraguo || L Nicaraguensis -e||
 * niece (n.) || feo-sobrini || L fratris/sororis filia || I nipote, Ro nepoata, Ca Oc neboda, F nièce, S sobrina, P sobrinha.
 * 🇳🇪 Niger (geo. = Republic of the Niger) || lu nigero-landi || L Niger, F Le Niger (République du) ||
 * 🇳🇬 Nigeria (geo. = Federal Republic of Nigeria) || lu nigerio-landi || L Nigeria ||
 * night (n.1 = the period from sunset to sunrise in each 24 hours) || nokti || L nox - noctis, I notte, P noite, S noche, Ro noapte, F nuit, Ca Oc nit, G Du nacht, Sw natt, Da nat, Gr nyks, Rus noch' || IL Ie Ia nocte, Eo ER Io nokto, IN noktu, NL nokte, IG nocti, Ro nocto, FN note, Ui noc.
 * Nile (geo.) || lu nilo-fluvi || L Nilus, Gr Neílos, Ar an-Nīl, I S Nilo, F G Nil ||
 * 9️⃣ nine (num.) || novo || L novem, Gr ennéa, I P nove, S nueve, F neuf, Ca nou, Oc nòu, Ro noua, G neun, Sw nio, Da ni, Du negen || IL novem, Eo naŭ, ER novu, IN nov, Io Ro non, Ie NL nin, Ia FN nove, Ui nev, IG nonnea.
 * 1️⃣9️⃣ nineteen (num.) || 19 [mono-novo] || L ūndēvīgintī || -.
 * 9️⃣0️⃣ ninety (num.) || 90 [novo-deko] || L nōnāgintā, VL nonainta, VL novainta, I novanta || -.
 * ninth (ord.) || novo-yo || L nōnus -a -um (&lt; *novenus) || IL nono (= cum numero ordinale novem).
 * nipple (n.) || mamilli || L papilla (mammaria), L mammilla, L mamilla, Gr thehléh, I capezzolo, F Ro mamelon, S pezón, P mamilo, Ca mugró, G Brustwarze, Du tepel ||
 * nitrogen (n. = chemical element #7 [N], &lt; F nitrogène, coined 1790 by Chaptal, &lt; Gr nitron "sodium carbonate") || nitrógeni || L nitrogenium, S nitrógeno, I P azoto, F azote, Ro Tu azot, Gr ázoto, G Stickstoff, Du stikstof, Sw kväve || IL nitrogenio (= gas simplice, in chemia « N »; azoto (&lt; a-zoe "sine vita")), Eo Ia nitrogeno, Io nitro, NL nitrogene.
 * no (adv.) || none || L nōn, L hau(d), L minime || IL ne, IL non.
 * no (det. = not any) || zero || L nūllus (&lt; ne ullus) -a -um &gt; F nul; I nessun(o); L nec uno &gt; Ro niciunul, S ningun(o), P nenhum; Ca Oc cap (&lt; L caput); I zero (&lt; MeL zephirum &lt; Ar sifr "cipher") || IL nullo, IL zero.
 * no one (pro. = no person) || zero homi || L nēmō (&lt; ne homo), gen. nūllius ||.
 * none (pro. = not any) || nulli || L nūllus (&lt; ne ullus) -a -um, L nemo, L nihil|| IL nullo.
 * nobody (pro. = no person) || zero homi || L nēmō (&lt; ne homo), gen. nūllius || IL nemo, IL nemine (= nullo homo).
 * noise (n.) || strépiti || L strepitus -ūs, L strīdor -ōris, L fragor -ōris, L sonus -ī, L sonitus -us, Gr kelados || IL strepitu, IL rumore, IL sono.
 * nominative (n.) || nominativi || L nominativus -i || IL nominativo.
 * noon (n. = 12 o’clock in the day) || meridi || L meridies (&lt; medius dies), S mediodía, P meio-dia, Ca migdia, F midi, I mezzogiorno, G Mittag, Sw Nw Da middag, Du noen || IL Ia meridie, Ia mediedie, Eo tagmezo, Io dimezo, IN medi-diurne, FN mediadia
 * noose (n. = loop with a knot which tightens as the rope or wire is pulled) || laqei || L laqueus -ī ||
 * nor (conj.) || neku || L nec, L neque, I né, F S Ca ni, P nem || IL Ia Ro nec (IL = ne, et ne), Eo ER Io nek, IN Ia Ie NL ni, Ui nè.
 * norm (n.1 = the usual or standard thing) || normi || L I S P Ca norma, F norme || Eo ER Io Ro IG normo, IN norm, Ie NL norme, Ia FN norma.
 * normal (a. = usual, typical, or expected) || normi-yo || L secundum normam, L normalis, S Ca normal || IG normo.
 * 🧭⬆️ north (n.) || nordi || L septentriō –ōnis; G nord(en), Du noord(en), Sw norr, Da F I Ca nord, S P norte; Gr L boreas (‘north wind’) || IL IN Ie Ia Ui nord, Eo ER Io Ro nordo, NL FN norde, IG nordi, IG boreo mero (lit. ‘northern part’), IL septentrione (= constellatione ex septem stellas, in nord).
 * 🇰🇵 North Korea (geo. = Democratic People's Republic of Korea) || lu nordio-koreo-landi || L Corea Septentrionalis (Res publica popularis democratica Coreana) ||
 * 🇲🇰 North Macedonia (geo. = Republic of North Macedonia) || lu nordio-macedonio-landi ||.
 * northern (a.) || nordi-yo || L septentrionalis, L aquilonius, L boreus, L borealis || IL septentrionale, IL boreale.
 * 🇳🇴 Norway (geo. = Kingdom of Norway) || lu norvegio-landi || L Norvegia (Regnum Norvegiae), Nw Norge, Nw Noreg (Kongeriket Noreg) ||
 * Norwegian (geo. a.) || geo-norvegio || L Norvegiensis -e.
 * Norwegian (lang.) || lu norvegio-glossi || L Lingua Norvegica ||
 * 👃 nose (n.) || nasi || PIE *nas-, Sk nasa, L nāsus -ī, L nāsum -ī, L nāris -is, I naso, Ca nas/-sos, F nez, S P nariz, Ru nos, Sw näsa Da næse, G Nase, Du neus || IL nasu, Eo Io nazo, ER Ro Ia naso, IN Ui nas, Ie NL nase, IG nasa, FN nas, IL nare (= naso, apertura de naso).
 * nostril (n.) || nari || L naris ||
 * not (adv.) || none || L nōn, L nē, L minime || IL ne, IL non.
 * note (n.1 = brief written record) || noti || L nota -ae ||
 * 📓 notebook (n.) || noti-bibli || L commentariolus, I taccuino, F cahier, S cuaderno, P caderno, G Notizbuch || Eo notlibro, Io kayero ||
 * nothing (pro.) || zero rei || L nihil, L nīl, L nihilum || IL nihil (= nullo re).
 * notice (v. = become aware of) || animadverta || L observo –are, L animadverto –ere ||
 * November (n. = the eleventh month) || novembri (= mensi mono-mono-yo du anni) || L November -bris || IL novembre (= mense numero 11, et novem in calendario de Romulo).
 * now (adv.) || nunce || L nunc || IL nunc (= in isto tempore, in præsente).
 * nowhere (adv.) || nusqe || L nusquam, L nūllō in locō || IL in nullo loco.
 * nuclear (a.) || nuklei-yo || L nuclearis, S nuclear, F nucléaire || Eo Io nuklea, Ie Ia nucleari, Ia FN nucleal, Ui nukleari, IG nucleus.
 * nucleus (n.) || nuklei || L nucleus -i (‘kernel’), S nucleo || Eo Io nukleo, Ie Ia FN nucleo, NL nukleus, Ui nukel, IG nucleus.
 * 🔢 number (n.1 = quantity or value expressed by a word or symbol) || númeri || L numerus -erī &gt; I numero, S P Ca número, F numéro, Ro numar, G Sw Du Da nummer, F Oc nombre || IL Eo ER Io IG Ia FN numero, IN numr, Ie numeró, Ro número, NL numere, Ui numar.
 * nut (n.1 = a fruit consisting of a hard or tough shell around an edible kernel) || nuki || PIE *kneu-, We cneuen, Du noot, G Nuß, L nux -cis ||
 * oak (n.) || róbori, robri || L rōbur -oris &gt; I rovere, S roble, Ca roure, Oc roire; P carvalho; F chêne; Ro stejar ||
 * oar (n. = pole with a flat blade used to row a boat) || remi || L rēmus –ī &gt; I S P remo, Ca Oc rem, F rame, Ro rama ||
 * oat(s) (n.) || aveni || L avēna -ae &gt; S avena ||
 * obedience (n.) || obedia-yi || L oboedientia, L obsequium || IL obœdientia.
 * obedient (a.) || obediento || L oboediens, L obsequens || IL obœdiente.
 * obey (v.) || obedia || L pareo -ére, L oboediō -īre, L obtemperō -āre (all + dat.) || IL obœdi (= exseque voluntate de alio, anti jube).
 * observe (v.1 = notice) || animadverta || L observo –are, L animadverto –ere ||
 * 🧐 observe (v.2 = watch carefully) || spekta || L observo –are, L specto -are ||
 * obtain (v.1 = come into possession of; get) || obtinea || L obtineō -ēre ||
 * occasion (n.) || okkasioni || L cāsus –ūs; L occasio –onis &gt; I occasione, S ocasión, P ocasião, F occasion, Ro ocazie, Ca ocasió, Oc ocasion; L tempus –oris || IN okasion, NL okasione, IG occasio.
 * occident (n.) || okcidenti || L occidens -ntis, S occidente ||
 * Occitan (geo. a.) || geo-okcitanio (= du lu okcitanio-landi || L Occitanus -a -um.
 * Occitan (lang.) || lu okcitanio-glossi || L lingua Occitana, L lingua Occitanica ||
 * Occitania (geo.) || lu okcitanio-landi || Oc Ca Occitània.
 * occur (v.1 = happen) || evenia || L eveniō -īre ||
 * ocean (n.) || oceani || L oceanus -i (&lt; Gr), I oceano, S océano, F océan || IL oceano (= magno mari).
 * Oceania (geo.) || lu oceaní || L Oceania.
 * October (n. = the tenth month) || oktobri (= mensi deko-yo du anni) || L Octōber -bris, L Octōbris -bris || IL octobre (= mense numero 10, octavo in calendario de Romulo).
 * 🐙 octopus (n.) || októpodi || L pōlypus -i, L octopūs -odis (&lt; Gr) ||
 * odour, (US) odor (n. = smell) || odori || L odor -ōris || IL odore.
 * of (pre.) || du || PIE *apo- ‘off’, Gr apo, Sk apa, L ab (‘away from, from’), Got Da af, Sw av, G ab, OE æf, OE of (shifted in middle English to translate vulgar Latin de, which was the substitute for the genitive case), VL de, F S P Ca de, I di, G von, Du van || Eo ER Io Ie NL IG IL Ia FN Ro de, IN de, IN di, Io Ro di, Ui ov.
 * off (prep. = away from; so as to be separated from; etc.) || extru || PIE *apo- ‘off’, Gr apo, Sk apa, L ab (‘away from, from’), Got Da af, Sw av, G ab, OE æf, OE of (shifted in middle English to translate LaL de, which had come to be the substitute for the genitive case), L extrā [+ acc.], L dē (‘down from, off, away from; concerning, by reason of’), L ex [+ abl.] || IG apo.
 * off (adv. originally an emphatic form of OE of = away from a place; so as to be separated; so as to finish or be discontinued; not working or connected) || extre||
 * offer (v.) || offera || L offerō -ferre (lit. ‘bring before,’ from ob + ferre), Ca oferir, I offrire, F offrir, S ofrecer, P oferecer, E offer, G anbieten, Du aanbieden, Da tillbyde, Sw erbjuda || Eo oferti, IN Io ofrar, Ie ofertar, NL ofra, Ia offerer, FN ofre, IG dicte offero, Ui provito.
 * offer (n.) || offera-yi || L oblātiō -ōnis || IG offero, FN ofre.
 * 🏢 office (n.1 = a room, set of rooms, or building used as a place for commercial, professional, or bureaucratic work; from L officium, based on opus ‘work’ + facere ‘do’.) || offici || L tabularium, I ufficio, S Ca oficina, Ru Tu ofis, F bureau, G Büro, Po biuro, Du kantoor, Sw Da Nw kontor, Gr grafeío ||.
 * offspring (n.) || proli || L prōlēs -lis || IL prole (= progenie, generatione, filios).
 * often (adv.1 = frequently) || saepe, freqento-ye || L saepe, L frequenter || IL sæpe (= plure vice, frequente).
 * oh! (= excl. expressing surprise, disappointment, joy, etc.) || o! || L oh! ||.
 * oil (n.) || olei || L oleum (orig. olive oil), P oleo, I olio, Ca oli, Oc òli, F huile, Du Da olie, G öl, Sw olja, Ro ulei, P azeite, S aceite || Eo ER Io IL Ie Ia oleo, IN ole, NL olie, IG olea, Ro óleo, FN olio, Ui ol.
 * olive (n.) || olivi || Gr elaia, L olea, L I S Ca oliva, Sw oliv, F G E olive, P azeitona, S aceituna || IL olea (= Bot. « olea europæa »), IL oliva.
 * olive tree (n.) || olivi-árbori || Gr elaia, Gr elaion, L oliva, S olivo ||.
 * old (a.1 = having lived or existed for a long time) || vétero || L prīscus -a -um, L antīquus -a -um, L vetus -teris, L vetustus -a -um, L prīstinus -a -um || IL antiquo.
 * old (a.2 = former) || anterioro ||
 * 🧓🏻 old (a.3 = showing signs of age) || seno || L senex – senis; L aetate provectus; L vetus -teris, VL vetulus, VL veculus &gt; I vecchio, S viejo, P velho, Ca vell, F vieux, vieille || IL vetere (= qui habe multo annos), IL sene, Ia vetule, Ro vécula, FN vea, Ui seni, FN senesente, Eo maljuna, ER maljune.
 * old (a.4 = of a specified age) || evi-yo ||
 * old_age (n.) || seno-yi || L senectūs –ūtis ||.
 * old_man (n.) || mao-seni || L senex - senis || IL sene (= homo vetere).
 * old_woman (n.) || feo-seni || L anus -ūs || IL femina sene.
 * 🇴🇲 Oman (geo. = Sultanate of Oman) || lu omano-landi || L Omania, L Omana, Ar ʻUmān ||
 * on (pre.1 = into contact with, or aboard) || su || L in (+ abl.), F sur || IG epi, Eo ER Io Ie NL Ia Ro FN sur, IN su.
 * once (adv. 1/2 = one time only, on one occasion) || sémele || L semel || IL semel (= uno solo vice), Eo unufoje, IN unfoa, Io unfoye, Ie un vez, NL un(i)foy, Ia un vice, FN a un ves, Ro unvece, Ui unvos, ER unvolte, IG mono chron.
 * 1️⃣ one (num.) || mono || L ūnus -a -um &gt; I S uno, F Ca Oc un, P um, Ro unu || IL uno, Ie Ia, ER IN Io Ro FN Ui un, Eo unu, NL un(i).
 * 🧅 onion (n.) || cepi || L caepa, L cepa, L cæpulla ||
 * only (a.) || úniko || L ūnicus -a -um, L ūnus -a -um, L sōlus -a -um || IL unico (= uno, uno solo, solo).
 * only (adv.) || sole, uniko-ye || L sōlum; L tantum; L dumtaxat || -.
 * open (v.1 = make open) || áperia || L aperiō –īre &gt; I aprire, S P abrir, F ouvrir, Ca obrir; L patefaciō –ere; L pandō -ere; Ro deschide || IL aperi (= anti operi, patefac, detege), IN aperiar, Io apertar, Ie apert, NL aperta, Ia aperir, FN abri, Ro aperter, Ui opro, Eo malfermi, ER malferma.
 * 👐 open (a.) || aperto, aperia-zo || L apertus -a –um &gt; I aperto, P aberto, S abierto, Ca obert, F ouvert; L patens || IL aperto (= quem aperi), IN aperied, Io Ro apertita, Ie apert, NL aperti, Ia aperte, FN abrida, Ui opren, Eo malfermita, ER malfermate.
 * operate (v.1 = function) || opera ||
 * opinion (n.) || opina-yi || L opiniō -ōnis, L sēntentia -ae || IL opinione (&lt; opina (= judica, puta, crede, habe opinione)), IL sententia (= judicio, opinione, sensu, phrasi).
 * opportunity (n.) || opportuno-yi || L opportunitas (&lt; L opportunus &lt; L ob portum (coming toward a port, with favourable wind)), S oportunidad || Eo oportunaĵo, ER oportuneo, Io oportunajo, Ie oportunitá, Ia opportunitate, Ro oportuno, FN oportunia, FN oportun, Ui betemid.
 * opposite (pre. = in an opposite position to something) || kontru ||
 * optimism (n.) || optimismi || MoL G Cz optimismus, S optimismo, F Ca Du Da Nw optimisme, Sw Ro optimism, I ottimismo, P otimismo, Ru optimizm, Sr optimizam, Po optymizm, Gr aisiodoksía || Eo Io optimismo.
 * optimistic (a.) || optimisto ||
 * or (conj.1 = used to link alternatives) || autu || L vel, L aut, F P ou, I S Ca o || IL aut, Eo aŭ, Io o(d), ER IN u, Ie NL Ia FN Ui o.
 * or (conj.2 = otherwise) || álite || L aliter ||
 * 🟧 orange (a.) || aurantio || L aurantius -a -um ||
 * 🍊 orange (n.) || narangi || L citrus sinensis, citrus aurantium, MeL pomum de orenge, OF pomme d'orenge, F G E orange (&lt; MeL orenge &lt; I arancia &lt; Ar naranj &lt; Pe narang &lt; Sa naranga), I arancia, S naranja, P laranja, Ca taronja, Gr portokáli (&lt; Portugal), G Apfelsine, Da appelsin, Sw apelsin, Du sinaasappel ||
 * orange tree (n.) || narangi-árbori || F oranger, I arancio, S naranjo, P laranjeira, Ca taronger, Oc iranjièr, Ro portocaliu.
 * 🦧 orangutan (n., from Malay (Austronesian) orang utan, lit. "man of the woods," ) || orangutani || L pongo ||
 * order (n.) || órdini || L ōrdō -dinis || IL ordine (= dispositione, serie, classe).
 * ORDINAL NUMBERS (gram.) || ...o-yo ||
 * ore (n. = naturally occurring material from which a metal or mineral can be extracted) || eri || L aes - aeris; L metallum ||
 * organ (n.) || órgani || L membrum -ī, L viscera, MeL organum -ī (&lt; Gr organon), I organo, S órgano, F organe, G Sw organ || IL membro (= parte de corpore).
 * organic (a.) || orgániko || L organiscus –a –um, S orgánico –a || IL organico.
 * organization (n.) || organizati || L ordinatio; L temperatio; MeL organizatio ||
 * orgasm (n.) || orgasmi || MoL orgasmus (&lt; Gr orgasmos “excitement”) &gt; S orgasmo, F Ca orgasme || IL orgasmo (= excitatione, commotione, ira, furore).
 * orient (n.) || orienti || L oriens -ntis ||
 * origin (n.) || orígini || L origo -ginis, L principium, L ortus -us, I F origine, S Ca origen, P origem || IL origine (= principio, initio, fonte, ortu).
 * original (a.) || origini-yo || LaL originalis || IL originale.
 * Orinoco (River) (geo.) || lu orinoko-fluvi || L Orinocum, S Río Orinoco ||
 * orthographic (a.) || ortografi-yo ||
 * orthography (n.) || ortografi || Gr orthographía &gt; L orthographia, I P Ca Oc Po ortografia, S ortografía, Ro ortografie, F orthographe, G Orthographie, Sw Tu ortografi; Da retskrivning, Nw rettskriving || IL Ia orthographia (IL = scriptura justo, recto), Eo Io ortografio.
 * other (a. = different from one already mentioned or known) || altro || L aliī - aliae - alia (pl.), L alterī -ae -a (pl.), I altro, Ca altre || IL alio, IL altero (= secundo, alio ex duo, alio), Eo alia, Io altra, Ie NL altri, IN otr, Ia altere, FN otra, Ro áltera, Ui alten, ER alie, IG hetero.
 * otherwise (adv.) || altre || L alio modo, L aliter ||
 * 🦦 otter (n.) || lutri || L lutra, I lontra, S nutria ||
 * our (a.) || nosu || L noster -tra -trum, S nuestro –a, P nosso –a, I il nostro || IL nostro (= de nos).
 * ours (pos. pro.) || nosi-yo || L noster -tra -trum || IL nostro (= de nos).
 * out (adv.1 = moving away from a place) || extre || L foris, L extrinsecus || IL ex (= ne in), IL foris (= ex fores, ex)
 * out (adv.2 = away from your home or place of work; adv.3 = outdoors) || fore || L foris, L extrinsecus || IL ex (= ne in), IL foris (= ex fores, ex)
 * out of (prep.) || extru || L ē/ex (+ abl.), L extrā || Ie IG ex, Io NL ek, Ro ec, Eo ER el.
 * outer (a.1 = outside) || extro ||
 * outside (n. = the external side, part, or surface) || extro-parti || L pars exterior; L superficies ||
 * outside (a.1 = on or near the outside) || extro || L externus -a -um, L exter(us) –a –um, L exterior -ius ||
 * outside (prep.1 = situated or moving beyond the boundaries of) || extru || L ē/ex (+ abl.), L extrā ||
 * outside (adv.1 = situated or moving beyond the boundaries of) || extre || L foris, L extrinsecus || IL ex (= ne in), IL foris (= ex fores, ex)
 * ovary (n.) || ovari || MoL ovarium -i ||
 * over (pre.) || supru || L super, L supra, L trans [+ acc.] || IL super, IL supra.
 * owe (v.) || debea || L dēbeō -ēre ||
 * 🦉 owl (n.) || strigi || L bubo -onis, S buho, L strix -igis ||
 * own (a.) || proprio || L proprius -a -um (&lt; pro priuus) ||
 * 🐂 ox (n.1 = cow or bull) || bovi || L bōs - bovis, I bove, I bue, S buey, F boeuf, Ca bou, Gr boûs || IL bove (= Zool. « bos taurus »).
 * oxide (n. = compound of oxygen and another element) || óxidi || L oxydum -i ||
 * oxygen (n. = chemical element #8 [O], &lt; F oxygène, coined 1777 by Lavoisier, &lt; Gr oxys "acid") || oxígeni || L oxygenium -i &gt; P oxigénio, S oxígeno, F oxygène, Ro oxigen, I ossigeno, Tu oksijen, Gr oksygóno; G Sauerstoff, Du zuurstof, Sw syre || IL oxygenio (= gas simplice cum symbolo « O », putato generatore de acidos), Ia oxigeno, Eo oksigeno, Io oxo, NL nitrogene.
 * 🦪 oyster (n.) || ostrei || L ostrea -ae ||
 * pace (n.1 = a single step when walking or running) || passi || L passus -us || IL passu (= gradu, to pande pedes dum ambula).
 * 📦 package (n.) || sárcini || L sarcina, I pacchetto, S paquete, G Paket, Gr pakéto ||
 * 📄 page (n.) || págini || L pāgina -ae, I pagina, S P página, Ca pàgina, F page || IL Ia pagina (IL = folio de libro), Eo paĝo, ER Io pagino, IN pagin, Ie págine, NN pagine, Ro pájino, FN paje, Ui paʒ, IG (lamina de) papyri.
 * pain (n.) || dolea-yi || L dolor -ris, I dolore, S Ca dolor, F douleur, G Schmerz || IL dolore (= to dole), IL dolentia (to dole).
 * 🎨 paint (v.) || pinga || L pingo -ere || IL pinge.
 * painter (n.) || piktori, pinga-pei || L pictor -ris || IL pictore.
 * painting (n.) || pikturi || L pictura -ae ||
 * 🇵🇰 Pakistan (geo. = Islamic Republic of Pakistan) || lu pakistano-landi || L Pakistania, I F G Ru Pakistan, S Gr Pakistán, Urd Pākistān (Islāmī Jumhūriyah Pākistān) ||.
 * palatal (n.) || palati-yo ||
 * palate (n.1 = the roof of the mouth) || palati || L palātum -ī || IL palato.
 * 🇵🇸 Palestine (geo. = State of Palestine) || lu palestino-landi || L Palaestina, Ar Filasṭīn (Dawlat Filasṭīn), G Palästina, I S P Ru Palestina ||
 * palm (n.1 = an unbranched evergreen tree of tropical and warm regions, …; from L palma ‘palm (of a hand)’, its leaf being likened to a spread hand) || palmi-árbori ||
 * 🤦 palm (n.2 = the inner surface of the hand between the wrist and fingers) || palmi || L palma ||
 * 🥘 pan (n.1 = a metal container used for cooking food in) || patini || L patina -ae ||
 * 🥞 pancakes (n.) || teganiti || L lucunculus, L teganita, Gr tehganíta, S tortita, Sw pannkaka, Nw pannekake, P panqueca, F pancake, G pfannkuchen, Du pannenkoek, Ru pankeik ||
 * 🇵🇦 Panama (geo. = Republic of Panama) || lu panamao-landi || L Panama (Res publica Panamensis), L Panamia, S Panamá (República de) ||
 * pants (pl.) (n. = underpants or knickers) || braki || L bracae –arum ||
 * 👖 pants (pl.) (US) (n. = trousers) || bipantaloni ||
 * paper (n.) || papiri || L papyrus -i, L papyrum -i [&lt; Gr], L charta -ae [&lt; Gr] ||
 * 🪂 parachute (n.) || paracuti || L umbrella descensoria ||
 * 🇵🇾 Paraguay (geo. = Republic of Paraguay) || lu paraguayo-landi || L Paraquaria (Res publica Paraquariae), L Paraguaia, S Paraguay (República del Paraguay), Gua Teta Paraguái ||
 * Paraguayan (geo. a.) || geo-paraguayo || L Paraquariensis -e, S paraguayo -a.
 * parallel (a.) || parallelo || L parallelus -a -um [&lt; Gr para-allo-allo-] ||
 * pardon (v.1 = forgive) || perdona || L parco -ere ||
 * pardon (n.1 = forgiveness) || perdona-yi || L venia ||
 * parent (n.) || parenti || L parēns -ntis || IL parente (= que pare [gene], genitore, avo).
 * Paris (geo.) || lu paris || L Lutetia Parisiorum, MeL Parisius, F P Ro G Paris, S Ca Oc París, Gr Parísi, I Parigi ||
 * parliament (n. = assembly making the laws in a country) || parliamenti || MeL parliamentum, E parliament, Ca parlament ||
 * 🦜 parrot (n.) || psíttaki || L psittăcus || IL psittaco.
 * part (n.) || parti || L pars -rtis &gt; I S P Ro parte, F Ca Oc part || IL parte.
 * participle (n.) || participi || L participium (&lt; pars + capio) || IL participio (= forma ex verbo, que participa qualitate de nomine, p. ex. amante, amato, amando).
 * PARTICIPLE ACTIVE (gram.) || …nto || L -ns -ntis, etc. || IL -nte.
 * PARTICIPLE PASSIVE (gram.) || ...a-zo || L -tus -ta -tum, L -sus -sa -sum || IL -to, &amp;c.
 * particle (n.) || partíkuli || L particula -ae, S partícula ||
 * 🥳 party (n.1 = a social gathering of invited guests, typically involving eating, drinking, and entertainment) || festi || L convivium, I P Ca festa, S fiesta, F fête, G Sw Nw fest, Du feest, Ro petrecere, Gr párti ||
 * party (n.2 = a formally constituted political group that contests elections and attempts to form or take part in a government) || faktioni || L factio (politica), I partito, S P partido, F Da Nw Sw Tu parti, Ca Oc partit, Ro partid, G Partei, Du partij, Ru partiya, Gr (politikó) kómma ||
 * pass (v.) || passa || VL passō -āre || FN pasa.
 * PASSIVE (gram. = ‘be …ed by’) || za ... -zo (peu) || L -ātus esse a(b).
 * past (a.) || pretérito || L praeteritus -a -um ||
 * past (n.) || pretémpori (= preterito témpori) || L praeteritum tempus, L actum tempus, I passato, Ca passat, P passado, S pasado, F passé, G Vergangenheit || IL præterito (= que e præteri, anti futuro), NL preterite, IG pre-chron, Eo Io Ro pasinto, Ie passate, Ia passato, FN pasada, Eo estinteco, Ui pasen.
 * PAST (gram.) || pre || L …āvi, L …is(se), L -ba-. || IG pre, IL e, FN ia, Eo Io …is, ER …in, IN …av, NL …d, LL Ga pa, Ui …ì.
 * 🍝 pasta (n.) || pasti || L pasta (subacta) &gt; I S G Du Da Sw Nw pasta, F pâtes; Gr zumarikó ||
 * path (n.1 = way laid down for or made by walking) || sémiti || L semita –ae &gt; S senda, S sendero; L trames –mitis; L callis –īs; L via –ae ||
 * ♟ pawn (n.) || skakki-péditi || L pedes -ditis (scacci) ||
 * pay (v.1 = give someone money for work or goods) || paka || L luō -ere &gt; L solvō -ere; L pācō -āre ‘appease, pacify’, MeL pācō -āre ‘pay’ &gt; I pagare, S P Ca Oc pagar, F payer; Ro plata ||
 * pea (n.) || písuli || L pisum (sativum), L pisulum, Oc pese, I pisello, Ca pèsol, F pois, S guisante, P ervilha, Gr arakás, G erbse, Du erwt, Sw ärt, Da aert, Nw erter, L cicer, Ga chícharo || Eo Io pizo ||
 * peace (n.) || paci || L pāx - pacīs &gt; I Ro pace, S P paz, F paix, Ca Oc pau; L quies; L ōtium -ī || IL pace.
 * 🍑 peach (n.) || persi-pruni || L prunus persica &gt; Oc persec, Ca préssec, Ro piersic, P pêssego, I pesco, I pesca, F pêche; S melocotón ||
 * 🦚 peacock, peafowl (n.) || pavoni || L S pavo, I pavone, F paon, P pavâo ||
 * 🥜 peanut (n. = the oval seed of a tropical South American plant, often roasted and salted and eaten as a snack or used to make oil or animal feed) || arákidi || L Ru arachis, I arachide, S cacahuete, F cacahuète, Ca cacauet, P amendoim, G erdnuss, Sr kikiriki ||
 * 🍐 pear (n.) || piri || L pirum -ī &gt; S pera || IL piro (= Bot. « pirus communis »).
 * pear-tree (n.) || piri-árbori || L pirus -ī || IL malo.
 * ✒ pen (n.) || stilografi || L calamus -ī, L stylus, LaL penna, F stylo, I penna, G Schreibstift, S pluma (estilográfica), S bolígrafo ||
 * penalty (n. = punishment for breaking a law, rule, or contract) || punia-yi || L poena -ae ||
 * ✏ pencil (n.) || gráfidi || L stilus plumbatus, L graphis -idis, I matita, F crayon, Ro creion, Oc gredon, S lápiz, P lápis, Ca llapis, Gr molúvi, G Bleistift ||
 * penis (n.) || peni || L pēnis -is || IL pene (= cauda de animales, membro virile).
 * pentagon (n.) || pentágoni (= formi konu cinqo láteri etu cinqo ánguli) || Gr pentagonon, LaL pentagonum ||
 * people (n.) || pópuli || L populus -ī, L homines [pl.], I popolo, S pueblo, Ca poble, P povo, F peuple || IL Io Ia populo, Eo ER popolo, IN popl, Ie popul, NN popule, Ro pópulo, FN popla, Ui polk.
 * perceive (v.) || percipia || L sentiō -īre, L percipiō -ere, L videō -ēre, L intellegō -ere, L cernō -ere ||
 * percepcion (n.) || percipia-yi || L perceptio -onis, L animadversio -onis, L intellectus -us ||
 * PERFECT TENSES (gram.) || pre …a || L …ui, L …is(se), VL habere …-tus/-ta/-tum. || IG pre, IL jam, IN av …ed.
 * perhaps (adv. = possibly)|| forse || L forsitan, L forsan, L forte, L fortasse, I forsi ||
 * peril (n. = serious danger) || mego-períkuli ||
 * period (n.1 = length or portion of time) || periodi || L periodus (&lt; Gr) &gt; I periodo, S P período, F période, Ca Oc període, Ro perioada ||
 * 🧍 person (n.) || personi || L homō -inis, L persona -ae || IL homo, IL homine, IL persona (= figura de comico, charactere, officio; homine, individuo).
 * personal (a.) || personi-yo || L privatus -a -um, LaL personalis -e || IL personale.
 * personality (n.) || personi-yi (instead of personi-yo-yi) || MeL personalitas -atis || IL personalitate.
 * 🇵🇪 Peru (geo. = Republic of Peru) || lu peruvo-landi || L Peruvia (Res publica Peru), S Perú (República del Perú) ||
 * Peruvian (geo. a.) || geo-peruvo || L Peruvianus -a -um, S peruano -a ||
 * pessimism (n.) || pessimismi || MoL pessimismus -i &gt; S pesimismo ||
 * pessimistic (a.) || pessimisto ||
 * 🧫 Petri dish/plate, cell-culture dish (n.) || petri-disci || Gk tryblío Pétri.
 * petrol, (US) gasoline || benzini || L benzinum, I Ro Ca benzina, G Da Ru Sr Tu benzin, Du benzine, Sw Nw bensin, Gr benzínih, Po benzyna, MedL petroleum (lit. ‘rock oil,’ from Gr L petra), G Sw Da E petroleum, E petrol, I petrolio, S P petróleo, F pétrole, Ca petroli, S P gasolina, E gasoline (lit. ‘gas-oil,’ with chemical suffix -ine), F essence, Oc esséncia || Eo Io benzino, Ia gasolina.
 * phallus (n.) || falli || Gr phallós, L F phallus, I fallo, Ca fal·lus, S P falo, Ru fallos ||
 * 👻 phantom (n. = ghost) || fantasmi ||
 * 🇵🇭 Philippines (geo. = Republic of the Philippines) || lu plu filipino-ínsuli || L Philippinae (acc. Philippinas), Fil Pilipinas, Fil Filipinas, S Filipinas ||
 * philosopher (n.) || filosofi-pei || L philosophus (&lt; Gr), I filosofo, S filósofo, F philosophe || IL philosopho (= amante de sapientia [Gr sopho])
 * philosophy (n.) || filosofi || L philosophia (&lt; Gr philosophía), I filosofia, S filosofía, F philosophie || IL philosopho (= amante de sapientia [sopho])
 * 📞 phone (n. = telephone) || teléfoni ||
 * photo (n. = photograph) || fotografi ||
 * photograph (n. = picture made with a camera) || fotografi || Gr photographía &gt; I P Ca Oc fotografia, S fotografía, F photographie, Ro fotografie, I S P Ca Oc foto, F photo, L photographema, L imago photographica || IL photographia.
 * photograph (v. = take a photo of) || fotografia || I fotografare, S fotografiar, P fotografar, F photographier, Ro fotografia, Ca fotografiar, Oc fotografiar ||
 * phosphorus (n. = chemical element #15 [P], &lt; Gr phosphóros "light bearer", discovered in 1669 by Henning Brand, who derived it from urine.) || fósfori || MoL phosphorus (&lt; Gr), Da Du Nw Ro Ru Sw Tu fosfor, Ca fòsfor, Oc fosfòr, I fosforo, S fósforo, G phosphor, F phosphore, Gr phosphóros || Io fosfo, NL fosfore, Eo fosforo, IL Ia phosphoro (IL = elemento simplice, in Chemia cum symbolo « P », quem trahe Brandt ex urina in 1669, et in 1775 tracto ab Scheele ex osses).
 * phrase (n.1 = small group of words forming a unit) || frasi || L phrasis -is [&lt; Gr] ||
 * 🧑⚕️ physician (n. = person qualified to practise medicine) || médiki, mediko-pei || L medicus &gt; S médico; Gr iatros; L clinicus (originally "physician that visits patients in their beds", from Gr kline “bed”) || IL medico (= qui mede).
 * physics (n.) || fisiki || L physica -ae [&lt; Gr] ||
 * 🎹 piano (n.) || pianoforti || L clavile; L pianum; L clavicymbalum; I pianoforte (&lt; gravicembalo col piano e forte) &gt; S F P Ca piano, Ro pian, Gr piáno ||.
 * 🥧 pie (n. = a baked dish of fruit, or meat and vegetables, typically with a top and base of pastry; from MeL pie, perhaps from L pica ‘magpie’) || krusti || L crustum, F tourte, P Oc torta, S tarta, Tu turta, Sw paj, Nw pai ||
 * 🧩 piece (n.) || fragmenti || L frustum, L pars, L portio, L fragmentum ||
 * pierce (v.1 = make a hole in or through with a sharp object) || perfora || L forō -āre, L perforō -āre || IL fora, IL perfora.
 * 🐖 pig (n.) || porki || L porcus -ī, L sūs - suis || IL sue (= Zool. « sus scrofa »), IL suino, IL porco.
 * pigeon (n. = plump bird with a cooing call) || kolumbi || L columbus -ī, L columba –ae ||
 * pilgrim (n.) || peregrini || L peregrīnus -i || IL peregrino (= extero, viatore, raro, eximio).
 * 💊 pill (n.) || piluli || L pilula -ae (lit. "little ball"), L pillula -ae, I pillola, P pílula, Ro pilula, F pilule, S píldora, Ca píndola, G Da Nw pille, Sw piller, Du pil, Gr khápi || Eo pilolo.
 * pin (n.1 = thin pointed piece of metal with a round head, used as a fastener) || aki || L acus –us; L acicula -ae ||
 * PIN (or PIN number) (abbr. = Personal Identification Number) || pin-númeri ||
 * 🤏 pinch (v.) || pinca || F pincer (from VL punctiare ‘to pierce’) ||.
 * pine (n.) || pini || L pinus -ī || IL pino (= Bot. « pinus silvestris »).
 * 🍍 pineapple (n.) || anani || MoL ananas comosus (&lt; Old Tupi nanas), I ananas /'ananas/ (sg. &amp; pl.), Gr ananás, acc. ananá ||
 * pink (a. = pale red) || roso || L roseus -a -um ||
 * 🏴☠ pirate || pirati || L pirata -ae || IL pirata (= latrone de mari) ⊂ Gr peiratēs. ||.
 * 🍕 pizza (n.) || pitzi || I F S P Ro Ca Oc G Da Nw Sw Du Tu pizza, Gr pítsa, Ru piçça, L placenta Neapolitana, L placenta compressa ||
 * place (n.1 = particular position or area) || loki || L locus -ī ||
 * place (v.1 = put in a particular position or situation) || loka || L pōnō -ere, L loco -are, L colloco -are ||
 * placebo (n. = medicine prescribed for the mental benefit of the patient rather than for any physical effect) || placebi || S placebo ||
 * plain (n. = large area of flat land with few trees) || planiti || L planities -ei ||
 * 🪐 planet (n.) || planeti || L planēta -ae (&lt; Gr. planetes &lt; asteres planetai), stēlla errātica || IL planeta (= stella errante).
 * plank (n. = long, flat piece of timber) || tábuli || L tabula –ae, L axis ||
 * plant (n.) || planti || L S planta ||
 * 🩹 plaster, sticking plaster, adhesive bandage (n.) || adhera-bandi || I cerotto, F pansement, G Wundschnellverband ||
 * plastic (n. = chemically produced material that can be molded to a permanent shape; from Gr plastos "molded") || plástiki || L plastica, L materia plastica, I plastico, S plástico, F plastique, Ca plàstic, Sw plast, G Kunststoff ||
 * 🍽️ plate (n.) || disci || L discus -ī || IL disco (= lance, corpore plano et rotundo; vase plano pro dapes).
 * play (v.1 = take part in games for enjoyment; v.2 = compete against in a sport or contest) || luda || L lūdō -ere || IL lude.
 * play (v.3 = act the role of) || aktua || L partes ago ||
 * 🎤 play (v.4 = perform a piece of music on an instrument) || kana || L canō -ere ||
 * play (n.1 = piece of writing performed by actors) || teatri-óperi || L fabula, L comoedia, L tragoedia ||
 * play (n.2 = games taken part in for enjoyment) || ludi || L lūdus -ī || IL ludo (= ton lude), IL joco (= ludo, recreatione).
 * 🥺 plead (v.1 = make an emotional appeal; from F, from MeL placitare, from L placere ‘please’) || placita || L lūdus -ī ||
 * pleasant (a. = satisfactory and enjoyable) || jukundo || L iūcundus -a -um, L amoenus -a -um, L gratus -a -um, S Ca agradable, P agradável, I gradevole, I aggradante, F agréable || IL jucundo (= que da gaudio).
 * please (v. = cause to feel happy and satisfied) || plakea || L placeō -ēre (+ dat.), L delecto -āre || as you ~ ut vobis libet || IL place (= es grato, satisfac, contenta), IL delecta, IL libe (= place).
 * 🙏 please! (adv. used in polite requests; probably a shortening of “if it please (you)”, late 14c.) || mi preka! || L sīs (&lt; L sī vīs), F s’il vous plaît!, Ca Oc si us plau, S ¡por favor!, P se faz favor!, I per favore!, I per piacere!, Ro va rog, G bitte (lit. "I request") || Eo Io bonvole!, Eo mi petas!, ER mi peten!, Io me pregas!, Ia io preca!, Ro mi prequen!, Eo se plaĉos al vi!, IN if it plis!, Ie si it plese vos!, Ia si il vos place!, Ia per favor!, FN per favore, Ro se id placen ad vi, Ro bonvolitione!.
 * pleased (a. = feeling or showing pleasure and satisfaction) || laeto || L laetus -a -um, L felix ||
 * pleasing (a. = causing to feel happy and satisfied) || placento || L gratus, L lepidus, L iucundus ||
 * pleasure (n.) || jukundo-yi || L iūcunditās -ātis, L voluptas, L deliciae || IL jucunditate.
 * plenty (pro. = large or sufficient amount or quantity) || multo-yi || L copia, L abundantia, L ubertas ||
 * plough, (US) plow (v.) || ara || L arō -āre || IL ara.
 * plough, (US) plow (n.) || aratri || L aratrum -ī || -.
 * plunder (v. = enter a place by force and steal things from it) || preda || L praedor –āre &gt; Ro prădá; L diripio –ere; L spolio –āre; L latrōcinor –āre; I saccheggiare, S P saquear, F saccager, Ca saquejar, Oc sacatjar ||
 * PLUPERFECT (gram.) || pre pre …a || L -(u)era- ||
 * plural (a.) || pluralo || L pluralis -e.
 * plus (pre.) || plusu ||
 * Pluto (n. = dwarf planet) || lu pluto || L Pluto[n] -onis ||
 * plutonium (n.) || plutoni || L Plutone &gt; plutonium -i ||
 * poet (n.) || poeti || L poēta -ae ||
 * point (n.) || punkti || L punctum -i ||
 * pointed (a.) || akuto || L acūtus -a -um || IL acuto (= in forma de acu).
 * poison (n.) || veneni || L venēnum -ī, L virus -ī, L toxicum -ī ||
 * 🇵🇱 Poland (geo. = Republic of Poland) || lu polono-landi || L Polonia (Res publica Polonica), S Polonia, Po Polska (Rzeczpospolita Polska).
 * 👮 police (n.) || politi (= vígili públiko) || L vigil, L biocolyta, L publicus custos -odis, I polizia, S policía, P Oc polícia, F police, Ca policia, Ro poliţie, G Polizei, Sw Tu polis, Du politie, Da Nw politi, Po policja, Ru Sr policija (&lt; LaL politia "civil administration", &lt; Gr politeia, &lt; Gr polites "citizen", &lt; Gr polis "city"); Gr astynomía || Eo Io polico, ER polizo, IN polisi, Ie policie, NL polise, IG polizi, Ia policia, Ro politío, Ui polìz, FN polisia.
 * Polish (geo. a.) || geo-polono || L Polonus -a -um.
 * Polish (lang.) || lu polono-glossi || L lingua Polonica, Po język polski ||
 * political (a.) || polítiko || L politicus (&lt; Gr politikos "of civil administration", &lt; Gr polites "citizen", &lt; Gr polis "city")) || IL politico, Eo politika, IN NL politikal, Io politikala, Ie FN political, Ia politic, Ui politiki, Ro politiquesca, IG politica.
 * politics (n.) || polítiki || L politica (&lt; Gr politika (Aristotle = "affairs of state, government")), I politica, G Sw Da politik, Du politiek, S P Ca política, F politique || IL Ie Ia FN IG politica, Eo Io politiko, IN politik, NL politike, Ro político, Ui politiki
 * 🤽 polo, water polo (n.) || aqi-poli || L folliludium aquatile, S waterpolo, F water-polo, P polo aquático, Ro polo pe apa, I pallanuoto, Gr ydatosfaíriseh ||
 * poor (a.1 = having little money) || páupero || L pauper –ra –rum &gt; I povero, F pauvre, S P Ca pobre; L egenus; L inops; Ro slab || IL paupere (= misero, indigente, inope, anti divite), Io povra, IN povr, Ie NL povri, Ia FN povre, Ro páupera, Ui pavri, Eo malriĉa, ER malrice, IG minus valuta.
 * porn (n. = pornography) || porni (= pornografi) ||
 * pornography (n. = pictures, writing, or films intended to arouse sexual excitement) || pornografi || L pornographia, Gr pornographía, I P Ca Po pornografia, S pornografía, F pornographie, Ro G Du pornografie, Sw Da Nw Tu pornografi, Ru Sr pornografija || IL pornographia (⊂ Gr pórnē [meretrice]), Eo pornografio.
 * port (n.1 = town or city with a harbour) || porti-urbi ||
 * port (n.2 = harbour) || porti || L portus -us &gt; I P porto, S puerto, F port Ro Ca Oc port ||
 * 🇵🇹 Portugal (geo. = Portuguese Republic) || lu portugalo-landi || L Portugallia, L Lusitania, P Portugal (República Portuguesa), I Portogallo, Gr Portogalía, Ro Po Portugalia, Ru Sr Portugaliya, S F Ca Oc G Da Sw Du Nw Portugal || Eo Portugalio, Io NL Ia Ie Portugal, Vo Portugän.
 * Portuguese (geo. a.) || geo-portugalo || L Lusitanus -a -um, S portugués -esa.
 * Portuguese (lang.) || lu portugalo-glossi || L lingua Lusitana, L lingua Lusitanica, L lingua Portugallica ||
 * position (n.) || positioni || L positiō -ōnis ||
 * possess (v.1 = have or own) || possidea || L habeō –ēre; L possideō –ēre &gt; I possedere, F posséder, S poseer, P possuir, Ro poseda, Ca posseir, Oc possesir; L teneō -ēre || IL habe, IL posside (= habe, tene in dominio, habe in potestate), IL tene.
 * possible (a. = capable of existing, happening, or being done) || possíbilo || L possibilis -e, S posible || IL possibile (= que pote es).
 * possibility (n.) || possiblo-yi ||
 * possibly (adv.) || forse || L fortasse, I forsi ||
 * 📬 post (n.1 = the official service or system for delivering letters and parcels) || posti || VL postum (&lt; L positum) &gt; I posto, E post ||
 * potable (a. = drinkable) || potábilo || L potabilis -e || IL potabile.
 * potassium (n. = chemical element #19 [K]) || kali || MoL kalium, Gr kálio, G Sw Da Nw Du kalium, MoL potassium, F potassium, I potassio, P potássio, S potasio, Oc Ca potassi, Ro potasiu, Tu potasyum || Ia NL kalium, Eo Io IL kalio (IL = potassio, metallo cum symbolo « K »), IL potassio (= kalio, corpore simplice quem Davy in 1807 trahe ex potassa (= oxido de potassio, tracto ex cinere; &lt; E pot ash)).
 * 🥔 potato (n.) || patati || L I S Ca patata, Gr patáta, F pomme de terre, Du aardappel, Sw potatis, Nw potet, G Da kartoffel, Ro cartof, Oc trufa ||
 * 🍟 chip (n.2 = a long rectangular piece of deep-fried potato), (USA) French fry || friga-patati || I patate fritte, F G Sw Da Nw pommes frites, F frites, Du friet, Gr tehganehtés patátes ||
 * potency (n.) || potento-yi ||
 * potent (a.1 = having great power, influence, or effect) || potento ||
 * pouch (n.1 = small flexible bag) || sákkuli ||
 * pound (= 0.453 kg) || libri || L libra (pondus) ||
 * poverty (n.) || paupero-yi || L paupertās -ātis, L pauperies; L inopia; L penuria; L egestas ||
 * power (n.1 = the ability to do something) || potea-yi (&lt; potea “be able, can”) || L potestās -ātis, I potenza, S potencia, Ca potència, F puissance || IL potestate (= facultate, possibilitate, vi, potentia, valore, efficacia, importantia, auctoritate, dominio), IL potentia (= potestate, vi).
 * powerful (a. = having power) || potento || L potis, L potens &gt; I S P potente, Ca potent, F puissant || IL pote (= que pote, potente, possibile), IL potente.
 * practice (n.) || praktika-yi || L usus; L exercitatio; L experientia; I pratica, S práctica, P prática, F pratique, Ro Oc practica, Ca pràctica ||
 * practise (US practice) (v.) || práktika || L exerceō -ēre (&lt; L arceo); L tracto –are; I praticare, S Ca Oc practicar, P praticar, F pratiquer, Ro practica || Eo praktiki, Ro pràctiquer.
 * Prague (geo.) || lu praga || Cz Nw Praha, L I S P Praga, Gr Prága, F Prague, G Da Sw Prag, Du Praag ||
 * praise (v. = express approval of or admiration for) || lauda || L laudō -āre ||
 * praise (n. = the expression of approval or admiration) || lauda-yi, laudi || L laus - laudis ||
 * pray (v.) || preka || L precor -ari; L ōrō -āre ||
 * prayer (n.) || preka-yi, preci || L prex - precis ||
 * prefer (v.) || prefera || L mālō - mālle (&lt; magis volo), praeferō -ferre || IL magis vol.
 * 🤰 pregnant (a.) || pregnanto || L praegna[n]s -a[n]tis, S preñada ||
 * prepare (v.1 = make ready for use) || prepara || L paro -are, L praeparō -āre ||
 * present (a.) || presento || L praesens -ntis.
 * present (n.1 = the present time) || presenti || S presente ||
 * 🎁 present (n.2 = gift) || doni || L donum -ī || IL dono.
 * president (n.) || présidi, presida-pei || L praeses -idis &gt; I preside; L praesidens &gt; I S presidente, F Ca president.
 * press (v.) || prema || L premō -ere, L comprimō -ere || IL preme.
 * pretty (a. = attractive in a delicate way) || venusto || L bellus, L venustus, S P lindo || Eo Io FN beleta, ER belete, NL beleti, Ia bellette, Ro linda, IG decoro, Ie pretti, IN minion.
 * 🥨 pretzel (n., from MeL *brachitella, from L brachia ‘arms’) || bretzeli || L panis quadragesimalis, L brecellus, Gr mprétsel, G Prezel, G Da I brezel, F S P bretzel, Du Tu pretzel ||
 * price (n.) || preti || L pretium -i || IL pretio (= mercede, valore).
 * priest (n.1 = member of the clergy) || sacerdoti || L sacerdōs -ōtis ||
 * 🤴 prince (n.) || (mao-)príncipi || L princeps -cipis (&lt; primus capere) &gt; I S P principe, F prince, Ca príncep, G Prinz || IL principe.
 * 👸 princess (n.) || feo-príncipi || S princesa ||
 * prison (n. = building used to confine criminals or people awaiting trial) || kárceri || L carcer -eris ||
 * private (a.) || privo || L prīvātus -a -um, L prīvus -a -um || IL privato (= proprio, anti publico), IL privo (= proprio, singulo, privato, ne publico), IL proprio (= anti commune).
 * pro (n. [informal] = professional) || proi ||
 * probable (a.) || probábilo || L probabilis -e ||
 * problem (n.) || problemi || L problema (pl. -mata), L quaestiō -ōnis || IL problema.
 * process (n.1 = series of actions to achieve an end) || processi || L processus ||
 * produce (v.) || produca || L produco –ere; L profero –ferre ||
 * profession (n.1 = job requiring special training and a formal qualification) || professioni || L professio, L ars ||
 * professional (a.1 = of or belonging to a profession) || professioni-yo || L ad professionem pertinens ||
 * professional (n. = professional person) || proi ||
 * profit (n.1 = financial gain; n.2 = advantage; benefit) || lukri || L emolumentum, L lucrum; L reditus ||
 * profit (v. = benefit, esp. financially) || lukra || L proficio –ere, L lucror -ari ||
 * program (n. = a series of software instructions to control the operation of a computer) || programmi ||
 * programme (US program) (n.1 = planned series of events) || programmi || LaL programma (&lt; Gr, from Gr prográphein “write publicly”) ||
 * programme (US program) (n.2 = radio or television broadcast) || televisi-programi, radii-programi ||
 * prohibit (v. = forbid) || veta, prohibea || L veto –āre, L prohibeo –ēre, L interdico -ere ||
 * project (n.) || projekti || L propositum -ī, L consilium -ī, MeL projectum -ī || IL projecto (= quem projice; consilio, proposito, schema).
 * promise (v.) || promitta || L promitto -ere, L polliceor -ērī, L spondeo -ēre ||
 * promise (n.) || promitta-yi || L promissum -ī, L promissiō -ōnis, L fides -ei ||
 * prostitute (n. = person who has sex for payment) || prostituti || L prostituta &gt; I S P Ro Ca prostituta, F prostituée, Oc prostituida, G Prostituirte, Ru prostitutka; L scortum; L meretrix &gt; I meretrice, S P meretriz, Ca meretriu ||
 * protagonist (n.) || protagonisti || Gr protagonistes, I S protagonista ||
 * prove (v.) || proba || L probō -āre ||
 * proverb (n. = a short, well-known pithy saying, stating a general truth or piece of advice) || proverbi || L proverbium ||
 * prudence (n.) || prudento-yi || L prudentia || IL prudentia.
 * prudent (a.) || prudento || L prudens (&lt; pro uidens) || IL prudente (= providente).
 * pub (n. = building licensed to serve alcoholic drinks) || taberni || L caupona; L taberna; L deversorium, L hospitium ||
 * public (a.) || públiko || L pūblicus -a -um, L commūnis -e || IL publico.
 * 🇵🇷 Puerto Rico (geo. = Commonwealth of Puerto Rico), Porto Rico || lu porto-riko-landi || L Portus Dives, L Portorico, S Puerto Rico (Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico) ||
 * pull (v.1 = apply force to something so as to move it towards yourself) || traha || L trahō –ere; I tirare, S Ca tirar, F tirer, G ziehen || IL trahe, Ie traer, Ia traher, IG tracte, Eo tiri, ER NL FN tira, IN Io Ie Ia tirar, Ro tirer.
 * pulse (n.) || pulsi || L pulsus venarum ("beating from the blood in the veins"), F pouls, S pulso || IL pulsu (= ton pulsa).
 * punish (v. = impose a penalty on someone for an offence) || punia || L pūniō -īre || IL puni.
 * punishment (n. = act or way of punishing someone) || punia-yi || L castigatiō -ōnis, L poena -ae, L supplīcium -i ||
 * 🟪 purple (a.) || púrpuro || L purpura ||
 * purpose (n. = the reason for an action or for existence) || propósiti || L prōpositum -ī, L scopus || IL Ia proposito (= quem propone, subjecto, resolutione, intentione, scopo, fine, opportunitate), IL Ia scopo, IL intentione, Ie Ia intention, Eo celo, ER skopo, Ie scope, Io skopo, IN intent, Ro intento, IG tendo, Ro objectivo, FN gol, NL eme, Ui but, Ui tel.
 * purse (n.1 = small pouch for carrying money) || pekuni-sákkuli ||
 * purse (US) (n.2 = handbag) || mani-bursi ||
 * push (v.) || pulsa || L pellō -ere, L pulsō –āre &gt; F pousser, E push, S empujar; L urgeō –ēre; I spingere; G stossen, Da støde, Du stooten, Sw stöta || IL pelle, IL pulsa, IL urge, Eo puŝi, ER impulsa, IN pusar, Io Ia pulsar, Ie pussar, NL pusha, Ro pulser, FN puia, Ui proso, IG balle apo.
 * put (v.1 = move or bring into a particular position or state) || pona || L sinō -ere, L pōnō -ere, L locō -āre, L collocō -āre || IL pone, IL loca (= da loco, colloca, pone), IL colloca.
 * 🇶🇦 Qatar (geo. = State of Qatar) || lu kataro-landi || L Quataria, Ar Qatar (Dawlat Qatar), I F Ro Qatar, G Ru Katar, S P Catar ||
 * quality (n.) || qalitati || L qualitas -atis ||
 * quantity (n.) || qanto-yi || L quantitas -atis ||
 * quarrel (n.) || liti || L lis - litis ||
 * quarter (n.) || qarti || L quartus ||
 * queen (n.1 = the female ruler of a country) || régini || L rēgīna -ae &gt; I Ro regina, S Ca Oc reina, P rainha, F reine ||
 * queen (n.2 = king's wife) || regi-uxori || L rēgīna -ae ||
 * question (n.) || qestioni || L quaestio -onis, L interrogatiō -ōnis, S Ca pregunta, P pregunta, G Frage, Du vraag, Sw fråga || IL interrogatione, Eo ER demando, Ie demande, Ia demanda, IN kuestion, Io questiono, Ie Ia question, NL questione, IG questio, Ui kest, Ro cuestiono.
 * quick (a.1 = moving fast) || cito || L citus -a -um ||
 * quite (adv.) || valde || L omnino, L penitus, L prorsus, L valde || IL valde (= multo, in modo valido)
 * 🐇 rabbit (n.) || kuníkuli || L cunīculus -ī || IL cuniculo (= Zool. « lepus cuniculus »).
 * race (n. = each of the major divisions of humankind; from I razza) || razzi || L genus, L stirps, L prosapia, L proles, L gens, I razza, S raza, P Ca Oc raça, F race, Ro rasa ||
 * 🦝 raccoon (n., c. 1600, from Algonquian (Powhatan) arahkun) || rakuni || L procyon lotor, I procione, Gr rakoún, S racuna, S mapache, I orsetto lavatore, Ca ós rentador, F raton laveur, G Waschbär, Nw vaskebjørn, Sw twättbjörn, P guaxinim ||
 * radio (n.1 = the sending and receiving of electromagnetic waves carrying sound messages; n.2 = broadcasting in sound)|| radiofoni || L radiophonia, L ars radiophonica, I S F Ro G Du Da Nw Sw Ru Po radio, P rádio, Ca Oc ràdio, Tu radyo, Gr radióphono || Eo radiofonio, Io Ie Ia radio.
 * radio (n.3 = device for receiving radio broadcast, or for sending and receiving radio messages) || radiófoni || L radiophonum ||
 * radius (n.1 = stright line from the center to the circumference of a circle) || radi || L radius, S radio, I raggio || IL radio (= linea ab centro ad circumferentia (de circulo); osse minore de ante brachio).
 * rage (n.) || rabi || L rabies || IL rabie.
 * rain (v.) || plua || L pluō -ere || IL plue.
 * ☔ rain (n.) || pluvi || L pluvia -ae, L imber -brīs, VL pluia -ae, Ca pluja, F pluie, I pioggia, S lluvia || IL pluvia.
 * 🌈 rainbow (n.) || arki-íridi || L arcus caelestis, L arcus pluvius; Gr iris &gt; L iris, S arcoíris, P arco-íris; I arcobaleno; F arc-en-ciel; G Regenbogen || IL iride (= arcu in cælo), Eo ĉielarko, Io pluv-arko.
 * raise (v.1 = lift or move upwards or into an upright position) || eleva || L attollō –ere, L elevō -āre ||
 * 🐏 ram (n.1 = adult male sheep) || arieti (= mao-ovikli) || L ariēs -etis || -.
 * rapid (a.1 = quick) || célero || L rapidus -a -um, L velox, L celer -ris -re, L citus -a -um ||
 * rare (a.1 = not occurring or found very often) || raro || L rārus -a -um || IL raro.
 * rarely (adv.) || raro-ye || L rārō || -.
 * 🐀 rat (n.) || ratti || VL rattus -ī || -.
 * raw (a.) || krudo || L crudus -a -um ||
 * ray (n.1 = line of light or other radiation) || radji || L radius &gt; I raggio, Ca raig, S rayo, P raio, Oc rai, F rayon, Ro raza || IL radio (= linea de luce).
 * 🪒 razor (n.) || rasori || L rasorium ||
 * reach (v.) || adipisca || L adipīscor -cī (dep.) ||
 * react (v.) || reaga || L reago -ere &gt; S reaccionar || IL reage (= age contra).
 * reaction (n.) || reaga-yi || L reactio &gt; S reacción || IL reactione (= actione contra).
 * read (v.) || lekta || L legō -ere, L verso -āre || IL lege.
 * reader (n.) || lektori, lekta-pei || L lector -oris || IL lectore (= qui lege).
 * reading (n.) || lekta-yi ||
 * ready (a.1 = prepared) || prepara-zo || L parātus –a -um ||.
 * real (a.) || realo || L vērus -a -um, L realis -e.
 * reality (n.) || realo-yi || L veritas -atis, L verum -i, L rēs - rēī, MeL realitas -atis.
 * reason (n.1 = cause or explanation) || kausi ||
 * reason (n.2 = the power to think logically and draw conclusions) || rationi || L mens, L intellegentia, L ratiō -ōnis ||
 * rebel (v.) || rebella || L rebellō -āre || IL rebella (= fac novo bello).
 * rebel (n.) || rebelli || L rebellis || IL rebelle (= qui rebella).
 * rebellion (n.) || rebella-yi || L rebelliō -ōnis || IL rebellione.
 * recall (v.1 = remember) || remémora || L meminī -īsse (imper. memento), L memoriam redigo ||
 * 🧾 receipt (n.1 = note confirming that something has been paid for or received) || recepti || L acceptum -i; L acceptilatio -onis; L recepta &gt; E receipt, I ricevuta, S P recibo, F reçu, Ca Oc rebut, Ro chitanta ||
 * receive (v.1 = be given or paid) || recipia || L accipiō –ere, L recipiō –ere &gt; I ricevere, S recibir, P receber, Ca rebre, F recevoir, E receive || Eo ricevi, ER riceva, IN resivar, Io recevar, Ie reciver, NL resiva, Ia reciper, Ia receptar, FN reseta, Ro recepter, Ui becepo.
 * recent (a. = having happened or being done shortly before the present) || recento || L recens, I P recente, S reciente, Ca recent, F récent || IL Ia recente (IL = novo, ab pauco tempore), Eo Io Ro recenta, Ie recent, NL resent(i), FN resente, Ui noven.
 * recently (adv.) || recento-ye || L nuper, I P recentemente, S recientemente, F récemment, Ca recentment, S recien || Eo Io Ro recente, Ie recentmen, NL resentim, Ia recentemente, FN resente, Ui novem, Ia nuper.
 * recommendation (n.) || kommenda-yi || L commendatiō -ōnis || IL recommendatione.
 * recommend (v.) || kommenda || L commendō -āre || IL recommenda, IL commenda.
 * record (v.) || regera || L memoro -are, L commemoro -are, L narro -are, L regero -ere ||
 * record (n.) || registri || L mentio -onis, L narratio -onis, LaL regesta, MeL registrum ||
 * rectangle (n.) || rektánguli (= formi konu qatro láteri etu qatro ánguli rekto) || L rectiangulum -i, MoL rectangulum -ī, L orthogonum -i || IL rectangulo (= quadrangulo cum angulos recto)
 * 🟥 red (a.) || rubro || L ruber -bra -brum || IL rubro.
 * 👩‍🦰 red (hair) (a.) || rubro || L ruber (capillus), I rossi (capelli), S pelirrojo, Ca pèl-roig ||
 * reduce (v.1 = make or become less) || minua ||
 * reduce (v.2 = change to a simpler form; v.3 = bring to a particular state or condition) || reduca || L redūcō –ere &gt; I ridurre, S reducir, Pg reduzir, Ca reduir, F réduir, E reduce || Eo redukti, Io reduktar, Ie Ro reducter, NL redukte, Ia reducer, FN redui.
 * refer (v.) || refera || L refero -ferre ||
 * reform (v.1 = improve by making changes) || reforma || L reficio –ere; L corrigo –ere; L emendo –āre; L reformo -āre ||
 * reform (n. = act of reforming) || reforma-yi || L correctio ||
 * refuse (v. = state that you are unwilling to do or accept something; from Romance *refusare, probably alteration of L recusare) || refusa || L recuso –āre; L nego –āre, L denego –āre; L repudio –āre; L renuo -ere; L detrecto –āre; Ca refusar ||
 * refuse (n. = waste material, rubbish) || qisqili || L quisquilia ||
 * region (n.) || regioni || L regiō -ōnis ||
 * regret (v.) || penitea || L paenitet [poen-] -ere ||
 * reign (v.) || regna || L regnō -āre ||
 * reject (v.) || rejekta || L rēicio -ere, L reiecto –āre; L repudio –āre; L repello -ere || -.
 * rejection (n.) || rejekta-yi || L reiectiō -ōnis || -.
 * rejoice (v. = feel or show great joy) || gaudea || L gaudeō -ēre ||
 * relation (n.) || relationi || L relatiō -ōnis ||
 * relative (a.) || relativo || L relativus -a -um ||
 * relativity (n.) || relativo-yi || L relativitas ||
 * relax (v.) || relaxa || L remitto –ere; L laxo -are, L relaxō -āre ||
 * religion (n.1 = the believe in and worship of a God or gods; from L ligare ‘bind,’ i.e. ‘bind men and god’)) || religioni || L religiō -ōnis, L pietas -ātis ||
 * religious (a.) || religioni-yo || L religiōsus –a -um, L pius –a –um || IL religioso (= cum religione).
 * remain (v.1 = still be in the same place or condition; v.1 = continue to be) || manea || L māneō -ēre, L remaneō -ēre || IL mane (= permane, remane, habita, dura).
 * remedy (n.1 = medicine or treatment for a disease or injury; n.2 = means of putting a matter right) || remedi || L remedium -ī ||
 * remember (v.1 = have in or bring to the mind someone or something from the past) || remémora || L rememoror -ari, L rememoro -are, L recordor -ari ||
 * remove (v.1 = take off or away) || extraha || L extraho -ere ||
 * render (v.3 = cause to become) || renda || L reddō –ere, L rendō -ere &gt; I rendere, F rendre, E render ||
 * 🔁 repeat (v.) || repeta || L repeat -ere ||.
 * reply (v. = answer or respond) || respondea || L respondō -ēre ||
 * reply (n. = answer) || responda-yi ||
 * reptile (n.) || reptili || LaL reptile, F reptile, S reptil, I rettile || IL reptile (= qui repe, serpente).
 * republic (n.) || repúbliki || L rēspūblica - reīpūblicae, L cīvitās populāris/lībera || IL republica.
 * request (v. = ask formally or politely) || peta, preka || L rogō -āre, L petō -ere, L supplicō -āre, L precor -ārī || IL pete (= demanda, require, preca, posce, roga, desidera, cupe, quære, vol, ora, invoca, fac petitione), IN pregar.
 * request (n.1 = formal or polite act of asking) || peta-yi, preka-yi || L precēs -um ||
 * require (v.1 = need for a purpose) || reqira || L requīrō -ere ||
 * resemble (v. = look like or be similar to) || símila ||
 * reside (v.1 = live in a particular place) || residea || L resideō -ēre &gt; S residir ||
 * respect (v.) || respekta || L revereor –ērī; L veneror -ārī; L observō –āre; L respiciō -ere (lit. ‘look back’) &gt; I rispettare, S respetar, P respeitar, F respecter, Ro respecta, Ca Oc respectar ||
 * respect (n.) || respekta-yi || L reverentia; L observantia; L respectus -ūs &gt; Ca respecte, S respeto, Pg respeito, I rispetto, F E respect ||
 * respond (v.1 = say or do in reply) || respondea || L repondo -ere ||
 * respond (v.1 = say or do as a reaction) || reaga ||
 * response (n.1 = answer) || responda-yi ||
 * response (n.2 = reaction) || reaga-yi ||
 * responsibity (n.) || responsablo-yi || L responsabilitas, I responsabilitá, F responsabilité, Ca responsabilitat, S responsabilidad, P responsabilidade, G Verantwortung || IL Ia responsabilitate, Eo respondeco, IN respondablitet, Io NL responso, Ie responsabilitá*, Ui ruvoklid.
 * responsible (a.) || responsábilo || L responsabilis, I responsabile, F S Ca responsable, P responsável, Sw Da ansvarlig, G verantwortlich, Du verantwoordelijk || IL Ia responsabile (IL = qui debe responde), Eo responda, ER responde, IN respondabl, Io Ro responsanta, Io Ro responsiva, Ie responsabil, NL responsanti, Ui ruvokli, FN encargada.
 * rest (v.1 = stop work or movement so as to relax or recover your strength) || repausa || L requiescō –ere; LaL repauso –are &gt; I riposare, F reposer, Ro repauza; S P Ca Oc descansar || Eo ripozi, ER NL FN reposa, Io repozar, Ie Ia reposar, Ro repauser.
 * result (n.1 = thing caused or produced by something else) || effekti || L effectus -us ||
 * return (v.1 = come or go back) || redea || L redeō -īre, L revertor ||
 * revert (v. = return to a previous state, practice, etc.) || reverta || L revertō -ere ||
 * revolve (v.1 = move in a circle around a central point) || volva || L volvō –ere, L circumago –ere || IL volve.
 * 🦏 rhinoceros (n.) || rinoceronti || L Gr rhinoceros, F rhinocéros, I S rinoceronte, Ca rinoceront ||
 * 🍚 rice (n.) || orizi || L oryza -ae, I riso, Sw Da ris, F riz, G reis, Du rijst, Po ryz, S P arroz || -.
 * rich (a.) || dívito || L dīves -itis ||
 * riches (n.) || diviti || L divitiae -arum (pl.) ||
 * ride (v.1 = sit on and control the movement of a horse, bicycle, etc.) || eqita || L equito -are, L equo vehor ||
 * ride (v.2 = travel in a vehicle) || veha || L veho –ere ||
 * ride (n.1 = act of riding) || veha-yi || L equitatio; L vectatio, L vectio ||
 * rider (n.1 = person who rides a horse, etc.) || eqita-pei, veha-pei || L eques – equitis; L caballarius; L vector ||
 * ➡ right (a.1 = of, on, or towards the side which is to the east when facing north) || dextro || L dexter -t(e)ra -t(e)rum || IL dextero (= ad dextera, anti sinistro, apto, agile).
 * right (a.2 = morally good or justified) || justo || L iūstus -a -um || IL justo.
 * right (a.3 = factually correct) || korrekto || L correctus -a -um ||
 * right (n.) || juri || L iūs - iūris || IL jure (= lege (scripto aut non), justitia).
 * rigid (a.1 = unable to bend) || rígido || L rīgidus –a –um ||.
 * rigidity (n.1) || rigido-yi || L rigor -ōris ||.
 * 💍 ring (n.) || ánuli || L ānulus -ī, L ānus -ī || IL anulo.
 * rise (v.) || surga || L orior -īrī, L coorior -īrī, L surgo -ere, L consurgo -ere ||
 * river (n. = large natural flow of water along a channel) || fluvi || L fluvius -ī, L flūmen -inis, L amnis -is, L rivus -ī, VL riparia, I fiume, I flúmen, Ro fluviu, P I rio, S río, Ca Oc riu, Ro râu, G fluss, Sw Da flod, I riviera, F rivière, Du rivier, Gr potamos || IL Io Ia Ro fluvio, IN fluvi, Ie NL fluvie, IG potami.
 * road (n. = wide track with a hard surface for vehicles to travel on) || vi || L via -ae, L iter - itineris, VL via strata ‘paved road’ || IL via (= strata, itinere), IL strata (= via strato).
 * 🤖 robot (n.) || roboti || L robotum ||.
 * rock (n.1 = the hard material of the earth's crust) || petri || L petra -ae, L saxum -ī || IL petra (= rupe, scopulo, magno saxo), IL saxo (= lapide, petra, rupe).
 * rod (n.1 = thin straight bar of wood, metal, etc.) || bákuli ||
 * rod (or fishing rod) (n.2 = long stick with a line and hook attached, for catching fish) || piska-bákuli ||
 * 🧻 roll (n.) || rótuli || L rotulus -i ||
 * Roman (a.) || romano || L Romanus -a -um.
 * Romance (a.) || románico || L Romanicus -a -um, VL Romance.
 * 🇷🇴 Romania (geo.) || lu romanio-landi || L I Ca Oc Nw Romania, Ro România, S Rumanía, P Romênia, F Roumanie, Gr Roumanía, Tu Romanya, G Sw Rumänien, Da Rumænien, Du Roemenië || Eo Rumanio, Io Ie NL Rumania, Ia FN Romania.
 * Romanian (geo. a.) || geo-romanio || L Dacoromanus -a -um
 * Romanian (lang.) || lu romanio-glossi || L lingua Dacoromanica ||
 * Rome (geo.) || lu roma || L I S P Ca Oc Nw Roma, F Du Rome, Gr Rómih, G Da Sw Rom || Eo Romo, Ia Ie Io NL VP Roma, LB Romas.
 * roof (n. = the upper covering of a building, vehicle, etc.) || tekti || L tēctum -i &gt; I tetto, F toit, S tejado, P telhado, Ca Oc teulada ||
 * room (n.1 = part of a building enclosed by walls, a floor, and a ceiling) || cámeri, domi-spati || L cubiculum -ī, L conclāve -is, L cella -ae, LaL camera -ae || IL Ia camera (IL = conclave, cella, cubiculo), Eo ĉambro, ER cambro, IN kamr, Io chambro, Ie NL chambre, IG cameri, IG ca.
 * room (n.2 = space for holding things or moving in) || spati ||
 * rooster (n. = male domestic fowl) || galli || I S gallo, P galo, Ca Oc gall, F coq, Ro cocoş ||
 * root (n.) || radici || L rādīx -īcis &gt; I radice, S raíz, P raiz, Oc raiç, Ro radacina, F racine, Ca arrel; L stirps -pis || IL radice.
 * rope (n.) || funi || L fūnis -is || IL fune, IL chorda (&lt; Gr chordē (= intestino, corda de lyra)).
 * 🌹 rose (n.) || rosi || L rosa -ae || IL rosa (= Bot. « rosa (indica, centifolia,... ) »).
 * rotate (v.) || rota || L rotō -āre ||
 * rotten (a.) || putro || L puter -tris -tre, L putris -e, L pūtidus -a -um, L pūtridus -a -um || IL putre, IL putrido.
 * rough (a.) || áspero || L asper -era -erum ||
 * round (n.) || církuli || L circus -ī, L circulus -ī, Gr kirkos || IL circulo.
 * round (a.) || cirkuli-yo || L rotundus -a -um, L circulāris -e, L globosus -a -um || IL rotundo (= in forma de rota, circulare, sphærico), IL circulare (= in forma de circulo).
 * royal (a.) || regi-yo || L regalis, L regius -ia -ium ||
 * rub (v.) || frika || L fricō -āre, L terō -ere || IL frica, IL tere (« tritura », frica, consume).
 * rubbish (n.1 = waste material) || qisqili || L quisquilia; L purgamen -minis, L purgamentum -ī ||
 * 🏉 rugby football (n.) || rugbi || L harpastum; I F S P rugby, Gr rágkmpi ||
 * rule (n.1 = statement of what must be done or not done) || normi || L regula -ae, L regimen -minis || IL regula (= norma que rege), IL norma (= regula, lege, angulo recto).
 * rule (v.1 = have control over) || rega || L dūcō -ere (tr.), L regō -ere, L praesum - praesse (+ dat.); L dominor -ārī (int.), L imperō -āre (+ dat.) || IL regi (= guberna, administra, conduc, dirige).
 * ruler (n.1 = person who rules) || rega-pei || L rēctor -ōris ||
 * 📏 ruler (n.2 = strip of plastic, wood, etc., for drawing straight lines or measuring distances) || linei-réguli || L regula –ae, I riga, S regla, F règle, P régua, G Da lineal, Du liniaal, Sw Nw linjal, Gr kanónas || Eo liniilo.
 * 🏃 run (v.) || kurra || L curro -ere, I correre, S P correr, F courir, Ca córrer, G Du rennen, G laufen, Du lopen, Sw löpa, Da løbe || IL curre (= i veloce), Eo kuri, ER kura, IN kursar, Io kurar, Ie Ia currer, NL kurse, Ro curer, FN core, IG acte dromo, Ui reno.
 * run (n.1 = act or spell of running) || kurra-yi || L cursus -ūs ||
 * 🏃 runner (n.) || kurra-pei || L cursor -oris ||
 * 🇷🇺 Russia (geo. = Russian Federation) || lu russo-landi || L Russia (Foederatio Russica), L Rossia, L Ruthenia, Ru Ross i ya (Ross i yskaya Feder ä tsiya), F Russie, P Ca Rússia, S Ro Rusia, Tu Rusya, G Russland, Da Rusland || Ia Ie Russia.
 * Russian (geo. a.) || geo-russo || L Russus -a -um, S ruso -a.
 * Russian (lang.) || lu russo-glossi || L lingua Russica, L lingua Rossica, L lingua Russa, L lingua Ruthenica ||
 * 🇷🇼 Rwanda (geo. = Republic of Rwanda) || lu ruandao-landi || L Ruanda, L Rwanda (Res publica Ruandensis), Swa Rwanda (Yamhuri ya Rwanda) ||
 * sacred (a.1 = connected to God or a god or goddess, and treated as holy) || sakro || L sacer -cra -crum ||
 * 😥 sad (a.) || tristo || L tristis -e, L maestus -a -um, I S P F triste, Ca trist, G traurig, Du treurig, Sw bedrövad, Da bedrøvet, G betrübt, Gr lypihménos || IL Ia FN triste (IL = mœsto, afflicto, anti hilare, anti læt), IN Ie Ui trist, NL tristi, Io trista, Eo malĝoja, ER maljova, Ro desjoyasa, IG minus hedo.
 * sadness (n.) || tristo-yi || L tristitia, L maestitia, L miseria, S tristeza, Ca tristor ||
 * safe (a.1 = protected from danger or risk; a.2 = not leading to harm) || salvo || L salvus -a -um || IL salvo.
 * safe (a.3 = giving security) || sekuro || L securus -a -um ||
 * 🦺 safety (n. = the condition of being safe) || salvo-yi || L salus -utis || IL salute.
 * 🧷 safety pin (n.) || salvo-aki || I spilla di sicurezza, F épingle de sûreté, S imperdible, P alfinete de dama.
 * 🇪🇭 Sahrawi Republic (geo. = Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) || lu sahrawi-landi || L Sahara Occidentalis (Res publica democratica Arabia Saharensis), S República Saharaui ||
 * sail (v.1 = travel in a ship or boat) || naviga || L vela facio -ere; L nāvigō -āre &gt; I navigare, Ro naviga, F naviguer, S P Ca Oc navegar || IL naviga (= age nave).
 * sail (n.) || veli || L vēlum -ī || IL velo.
 * sailor (n.) || nauti, naviga-pei || L nauta -ae, L navigator || IL navigatore.
 * saint (n.1 = very good person who is declared to be a saint by the Church after death) || sankti || L sānctus -a -um ||
 * 🇱🇨 Saint Lucia (geo.) || lu santo-lucio-landi || L Sancta Lucia (Insula Sanctae Luciae), F Sainte-Lucie ||
 * 🇰🇳 Saint Kitts and Nevis (geo. = Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis) || (federationi) lu san-kristofor-nevis || L Sanctus Christophorus et Nives (Foederatio Sancti Christophori et Nivium) ||
 * Saint Petersburg (geo. = Petrograd, Leningrad) || lu san-peterburg || L Petropolis, L Petroburgum, Ru Sankt-Peterburg, F Saint-Pétersbourg, S San Petersburgo, G Sankt Petersburg, I San Pietroburgo, Gr Agía Petroúpolih.
 * 🇻🇨 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (geo.) || lu san-vincent-grenadines || L Sanctus Vincentius et Granatinae ||
 * 🥗 salad (n. = a cold dish of various mixtures of raw or cooked vegetables, usually seasoned with oil, vinegar, or other dressing …; from Old F salade, from Provençal salada, based on Latin sal ‘salt’) || salati || L acetaria, Gr saláta, Ro Sr Tu salata, P Oc salada, F Du salade, I insalata, S ensalada, G Nw Da Ru salat, Sw sallad,
 * sale (n.) || venda-yi || L vēnditiō -ōnis, L vēnum -ī || IL venditione (= ton vende), IL veno, IL venu.
 * 🧂 salt (n.) || sali || L sāl - sālis &gt; I sale, S P Ca Oc sal, F sel, Ro sare || IL sal, IL sale.
 * salute (n.1 = gesture of respect or acknowledgement) || saluti || L salūs -ūtis, L salutatio ||
 * salute (v.1 = make a salute to) || saluta || L salutō -āre ||
 * same (a.) || ídemo || L idem - eadem – idem ‘the same’, MeL identicus, VL metipsimus (from L ipse ‘-self’), I medesimo, Ca mateix, Pg mesmo, S mismo, F même (‘self; same’) || IL idem, IL identico, Ro metípsima, Ia mesme, FN mesma.
 * samurai (n. = a member of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan) || samurái ||
 * sand (n.) || sábuli || L arēna -ae, L sabulum -ī, L sabulō -ōnis || IL arena, IL sabulo, IL sabulone (= sabulo magno).
 * sandal (n.) || sandali || L solea, L crepida –ae, L sandalium (&lt; Gr sandalion) ||
 * 🥪 sandwich (n.) || sándvici || L pastillum fartum, I F G Sw Nw Du Da sandwich, S sándwich, P sanduíche, Ro sandvish, Tu sandviç, Gr sántouits, Ru cendvich, Oc entrepan ||
 * 🇸🇲 San Marino (geo. = Republic of San Marino) || lu san-marino-landi || L Sanctus Marinus (Res publica Sancti Marini), I San Marino (Repubblica di San Marino) ||
 * São Paulo (geo.) || lu sao-paulo || L Paulopolis, P S F G São Paulo, I San Paolo, Gr Sáo Páolo, Ru San-Paulu.
 * 🇸🇹 São Tomé and Príncipe (geo. = Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe) || lu sao-tomeo-príncipo || L Insulae Sancti Thomae et Principis, P São Tomé e Príncipe ||
 * satellite (n.1 = artificial object placed in orbit round a planet to collect information or for communication) || satélliti ||
 * satellite (n.2 = natural object orbiting a planet) || luni || MoL satellites (J. Kepler) ||
 * Saturday (n.) || saturnii-di || L Sāturnī diēs, LaL Diēs Sabbati, I Sabato, S P Sábado, Ro Sâmbata, F Samedi, Ca Oc Dissabte ||
 * 🪐 Saturn (n. = sixth planet from the sun) || lu saturni || L Saturnus (Italic god of agriculture; a remote planet) ||IL Saturno (= deo de semine [sato]; septimo et ultimo planeta noto usque 1700)
 * 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia (geo. = Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) || lu saudio-arabio-landi || L Arabia Saudita/Saudiana (Regnum Arabiae Sauditae), Ar al-'Arabiya as-Sa'udiya (al-Mamlaka al-'Arabiya as-Sa'udiya) ||
 * 🦕 sauropod (n. = a very large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long neck and tail, small head, and massive limbs) || saurópodi || MoL sauropoda (pl., from Gr sauros ‘lizard’ + pous, pod- ‘foot’) ||
 * save (v.1 = rescue or protect from harm or danger) || salva || L servō –āre; LaL salvo -are &gt; I salvare, S P Ca salvar, F sauver, E save ||
 * save (v.2 = store or keep for future use) || konserva || L servō –āre, L conservō -āre ||
 * 🎷 saxophone (n.) || saxofoni || L saxophonum (&lt; Adolpho Sax), S saxofón, I sassofono ||
 * say (v.1 = speak words) || dica || L dīcō -ere, L loquor -qui, L for - fārī || IL dic (= fa, loque, ai, nuntia, ora, exprime, voca).
 * scale (n.1 = relative size or extent; n.2 = ordered range of values for measuring or grading something) || skali || L scala -ae (&lt; scandere) ||
 * scandium (n. = chemical element #21 [Sc]) || skandi || L scandium, F G Du Da Nw scandium, I scandio, Sw skandium, Gr skándio, S escandio, P escândio, Ro scandiu, Ca Oc escandi, Tu skandyum || Ia scandium, Eo Io skandio.
 * 🏫 school (n.) || skoli || L schola -ae (&lt; Gr), L secta -ae, L lūdus -ī || IL schola (= otio et studio).
 * science (n.) || skienti || L scientia -ae || IL scientia (= to sci).
 * scientific (a.) || skienti-yo || L sciens -ntis || IL scientifico (= de scientia).
 * 🧑‍🔬 scientist (n., 1834 coined by the Rev. William Whewell, by analogy with ‘artist’) || skienti-pei ||
 * ✂ scissors (n.) || bifórfipi || L forfipes, L scissores, I forbici, F ciseaux, Oc cisèus, S tijeras, P tesouras, Ca tisores, G Schere, Gr psalídi || Eo tondilo, Io cizo.
 * 🛴 scooter, kick scooter (n.) || patini || L tabula rotata gubernabilis, Gr patíni, S P patinete, Ca patinet, I monopattino, F trottinette, Ro trotineta, Sr Tu trotinet, G tretroller, Du step, Ru samokat ||
 * scorpion (n.) || skorpioni || L scorpio -onis, L scorpius ||
 * scorn (v.1 = express scorn for) || kontemna || L contemnō -ere ||
 * scorn (n. = open contempt) || kontemna-yi || L contemptiō -ōnis, L contemptus -ūs ||
 * 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Scotland (geo.) || lu skotlandi || L Scotia.
 * Scottish, Scots (a.) || geo-skotlandio (= du lu skotlandi) || L Scottus -a -um.
 * scratch (v.1 = mark or wound with something sharp) || skaba || L rādō -ere, L scalpō -ere, L scabō -āre || IL scabe.
 * scratch (n. = mark or wound made by scratching) || skaba-vúlneri || L vulnus –eris; I graffio; S arañazo, P arranhão; F égratignure; Ro zgârietură; Ca esgarrapada; Oc gratada ||
 * 🌊 sea (n.) || mari || L mare -īs &gt; I mare, S P Ca Oc mar, F mer, Ro marii; L aequor; L marmor; L pontus –ī (&lt; Gr póntos) || IL mari.
 * search (v.1 = try to find) || cerka || L scrutor; L quaerō –ere; L circo -are (‘go about, wander’) &gt; I cercare, Ca Oc cercar, Ro cerceta, F chercher, E search; S P Ca buscar; Gmc *sokjan &gt; G suchen, Sw söka, Da søge, Du zoeken, E seek || Eo serĉi, ER serka, IN shershar, Io Ie serchar, NL sercha, Ia cercar, Ro cerquer, FN xerca, Ui ceko, IG acte scopo ||
 * search (n. = act of searching) || cerka-yi || L scrutatio ||
 * 💺 seat (n.) || sedi || L sēdēs -is, L sella -ae, L sedile -īs, L subsellium || IL sede, IL sedile, IL cathedra.
 * 🥈 second (ord.) || sekundo, duo-yo || L secūndus -a -um, L alter -era -erum || IL secundo.
 * second (n.) || sekundi || L punctum temporis, MeL secunda pars minuta, I secondo, F seconde, G sekunde, S P segundo, Ca segon || IL Ia secunda (IL = minuta de hora, de gradu, diviso 60), Eo ER Io sekundo, IN sekond, Ie seconde, NL sekunde, IG seci, Ia Ro secundo, FN secondo, Ui sekùnd.
 * secret (a. = kept from or not known by others) || sekreto || L arcanus, L sēcrētus -a -um ||
 * secret (n.1 = something secret) || sekreti || L sēcrētum, L arcanum, L res arcana ||
 * secure (a.1 = certain to remain safe) || sekuro || L securus -a -um ||
 * security (n.1 = the state of being secure) || sekuro-yi || L securitas -atis || IL securitate.
 * 👀 see (v.1 = perceive with the eyes) || videa || L videō -ēre, L spectō -āre, L cernō -ere, L conspiciō -cere, L aspiciō -cere || IL vide.
 * seed (n.) || sémini || L sēmen -inis || IL semine.
 * seed (v.1 = sow with seeds) || sera || L sero –ere - sēvīsse, L semino -āre || IL see, IL sere, IL semina (= da semine, see).
 * seek (v.1.1 = try to find; v.1.2 = try to obtain) || qera || L quaerō –ere -esitum L circare (‘go about, wander’) &gt; I cercare, F chercher, Ro cerceta, Ca Oc cercar, E search; S P Ca buscar; Gmc *sokjan &gt; G suchen, Sw söka, Da søge, Du zoeken, E seek || Eo serĉi, ER serka, IN shershar, Io Ie serchar, NL sercha, Ia cercar, Ro cerquer, FN xerca, Ui ceko, IG acte scopo ||
 * seem (v. = give the impression of being) || símila || L videor -ērī; L simulō -āre, L similō –āre &gt; F sembler, Ca semblar, I sembrare || IL simula (= fac simile, repræsenta, finge), ER NL sembla, IN Io Ie Ia semblar, Ui semo, Ro sembler.
 * seize (v.1 = take hold of suddenly and forcibly) || rapia || L prehendo, L arripio ||
 * seldom (adv. = not often) || rare || L rārō || -.
 * -self || ipso || L ipse -a -um, L se || IL ipso.
 * 🤳 selfie (n. = a photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically one taken with a smartphone or webcam and shared via social media) || auto-fotografi || L photographema sui, L I F G selfie, F autophoto, S autofoto, F egoportrait ||
 * selfish (a. = concerned mainly with your own needs or wishes) || egoisto || L nimis se amans ||
 * selfishness (n.) || egoismi || MoL egōismus ||
 * sell (v.) || venda || L vēndō -ere (&lt; vēnō dō) || IL vende (= anti eme).
 * semicolon (n.1 = punctuation mark consisting of one dot above a comma, used to mark grammatical discontinuity less than that indicated by a period) || punkti-vírguli || L colon (“part of a verse”, from Gr kōlon &lt; Gr koptein “cut off”) &gt; E colon; S dos puntos ||.
 * senate (n.) || senati || L senātus -ūs, L senātus -i ||
 * senator (n.) || senati-pei ||
 * send (v.) || mitta || L mittō -ere || IL mitte.
 * sender (n.) || mitta-pei || L mittens || IL mittente (= que mitte).
 * sending (n.) || mitta-yi || L missus -us, L missiō -ōnis || IL missione (= ton mitte).
 * 🇸🇳 Senegal (geo. = Republic of Senegal) || lu senegalio-landi || L Senegalia, F Le Sénégal (République du) ||
 * sentence (n.1 = set of words that is complete in itself, conveying a statement, question, etc.) || sententi || L sēntentia -ae, S frase ||
 * separate (a. = forming a unit by itself) || disjunkto || L separatus, L disiunctus ||
 * separate (v.) || separa || L separō -āre ||
 * September (n. = the ninth month) || septembri (= mensi novo-yo du anni) || L september -brīs || IL Septembre (= mense numero 9, et numero septem in calendario de Romulo).
 * 🇷🇸 Serbia (geo. = Republic of Serbia) || lu serbo-landi || L Serbia (Res publica Serbiae), L Servia, Sr Srbija (Republika Srbija).
 * Serbian (geo. a.) || geo-serbo || L serbus -a -um &gt; S serbio -a.
 * Serbian (lang.) || lu serbo-glossi || L lingua Serbica, Sr srpski ||
 * series (n.) || seri || L series -ei ||
 * servant (n.) || fámuli || L famulus -i ||
 * serve (v.) || servia || L servio -īre ||
 * service (n.) || serviti || L servitium ||
 * 7️⃣ seven (num.) || septo || L septem, Sa sapta, Gr hepta, F sept /sɛt/, I sette, S siete, P sete, Ca set, Oc sèt, G sieben, Du zeven, Sw sju, Da syv || IL septem, Ia septe, Eo ER Io Ro Ui sep, IN sept, Ie sett, NL set, F/N sete, IG hepta.
 * 1️⃣7️⃣ seventeen (num.) || 17 [mono-septo] || L septendecim || -.
 * seventh (ord.) || 7-yo || L septimus -a -um || IL septimo (= cum numero ordinale septem).
 * 7️⃣0️⃣ seventy (num.) || 70 [septo-deko] || L septuāgintā, VL septainta, I settanta || -.
 * several (det.) || pluro || L aliquot, L plūrēs -a, L complūrēs -a || IL aliquos, IL plure.
 * sew (v.) || konsua || L suō -ere, L consuō -ere &gt; S coser || IL sue.
 * sewage (n. = waste water and excrement conveyed in sewers) || kloaki-aqi || I acque reflue, F eaux usées, S aguas residuales, P águas residuais, P esgoto, Ro canalizare, G Abwasser ||
 * sewer (n.) || kloaki || L cloaca -ae, S cloaca || IL cloaca (= canale de aqua immundo).
 * sex (n.) || sexi || L sexūs -us || IL sexu.
 * sexual (a.) || sexi-yo || L sexuālis, L naturālis || IL sexuale.
 * 🇸🇨 Seychelles (geo. = Republic of Seychelles) || lu plu seicéles-ínsuli || L Insulae Seisellenses, F Seychelles (République des Seychelles) ||
 * shade (n.1 = darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight) || umbri || L umbra -ae ||
 * shadow (n.1 = dark area produced by an object coming between light rays and a surface) || umbri || L umbra -ae ||
 * shake (v.) || qatia || L quatiō -ere, L succutiō -ere, I scuotere, F secouer, S sacudir, G schütteln, Sw skaka, Du schudden || IL quate, Eo skui, ER skuoti, IN Io sukusar, Ie sucusser, NL skusa, Ia succuter, FN scude, Ro sucuser, Ui skuto, IG acte turbo.
 * shame (n.) || puda-yi || L pudor -oris ||
 * Shanghai (geo.) || lu shanghai || L Sciamhaevum, L Sanghaevum, Ch Shànghǎi, I F G Shanghai, S Shanghái, Gr Sagkáih, Ru Shanxai.
 * shape (n. = the form of something produced by its outline) || figuri || L forma -ae, L figura -ae ||
 * 🦈 shark (n.) || selaki || L pristis, L selachimorphum, L selachius, Gr selachos, Gr karcharías, I scualo, F requin, Ro rechin, S tiburón, P tubarâo, Ca tauró, Oc làmia, G Haie, Da hajer, Nw haiar, Du haaien || FN selaco ||
 * share (v.) || partia || L partiō -īre || IL parti (= fac partes, divide).
 * sharp (a.) || akro || L ācer -cris –cre; L acūtus -a -um || IL acre, IL acuto (= in forma de acu).
 * sharpen (v.) || aqa || L acuo -ere ||
 * shave (v.) || rada || L rādō -ere || IL rade.
 * she (pro.) || feo-li (&lt; femineo ‘female’) || L illa, L ea, L haec, L ipsa, L se || IL illo.
 * 🐑 sheep (n. = mammal with a woolly coat, kept for its wool or meat) || ovikli || L ovis -is, VL ovicula, VL *ovicla &gt; S oveja, P ovelha, Ca Oc ovella, Ro oaie; I pecora; F mouton; G Schaf, Du schaap; Sw Da får || IL ove (= Zool. « ovis aries »).
 * shepherd (n.) || pastori, paska-pei || L pāstor -ōris ||
 * shield (n.) || skuti || L scūtum -ī, S escudo ||
 * shine (v.) || lukea || L luceō -ēre, L candeō -ēre, L fulgeō -ēre ||
 * ship (n. = large boat for transporting people or goods by sea) || navi || L navis -īs &gt; I S nave, P Ca Oc nau, Ro nava, F navire; L navigium || IL nave.
 * 👚 shirt (n.) || kamisi || L indusium; L thorax; L camisia &gt; I camicia, S P Ca Oc camisa, F chemise, Ro camaşa, Gr poukámiso || IL camisia.
 * 👞 shoe (n.) || kalci || L calceus, L caliga || IL calceo.
 * 🛒 shop (n.1 = building where goods or services are sold) || butiki, apoteki || L taberna –ae; Gr apotheke ("storehouse," lit. "a place where things are put away") &gt; L apotheca &gt; I bottega, Ca Oc botiga, F boutique; S tienda; P loja; Ro magazin || Eo ER Io butiko, IN butik, Ie butíca, NL butike, Ia FN boteca, Ro botico, Ui butik, Ui vendia, IG vendo-do ||
 * shopkeeper (n.) || apotekari, apoteki-pei || LaL apothecarius ||
 * shore (n. = the land along the edge of a sea, lake, etc.) || lítori || L lītus -toris, L ora ||
 * short (a.) || kurto || L brevis -e, L curtus -a -um || IL breve (= curto, anti longo), IL curto (= truncato, rupto, mutilato; breve).
 * shorten (v.) || brevia || L brevio -āre || IL brevia (= abbrevia, fac breve).
 * 🩳 shorts (n.) || kurto-braki || L curtae bracae ||
 * shoulder (n.) || úmeri || L (h)umerus -erī, L armus -ī, S hombro (&lt; L umerus), I spalla, F épaule, Ca espatlla (&lt; L spatula &lt; L spatha "broad, flat tool or weapon"), G Schulter, Da skulder, Sw skuldra, Du schouder || IL Ia humero, ER epolo, IN Ie epol, Ia spatula, Ro spádulo, FN spala, Ui spuld, IG scapa, Eo ŝultro, Io shultro, NL shultre.
 * shout (v.) || klama || L clāmō -āre || IL clama.
 * shout (n.) || klama-yi || L clāmor -ōris || IL clamore.
 * show (v.) || monstra || L ostendo -ere, L monstrō -āre ||
 * shower (n.3 = device producing a spray of water under which someone stands to wash) || lava-duci ||
 * 🚿 shower (n.4 = wash in a shower) || duci-lava-yi || L balneae pensiles, L lavatio in aquae deiectu, I doccia (&lt; L ductio, &lt; L ducere), F Du douche, S ducha, Ro Tu duș, Ca dutxa, G Dusche, Sw dusch, Nw dusj, Ru dush, Sr tuš, P (banho de) chuveiro, Da brusebad, Gr ntous || Eo duŝo.
 * 🦐 shrimp (n.) || sqilli || L squilla -ae, L scilla -ae ||
 * 🤷 shrug (v.) || leva ambo humeri || L humerōs allevō -āre ||
 * 🤭 shut up (v. = stop (or cause someone to stop) talking) || konkluda || L concludo -ere ||
 * sibling (n. = brother or sister) || germani || L germānus -ī, L germāna -ae || IL germano (= de idem matre), NL frater, Ro jermano, IG sibi.
 * sick (a.1 = ill) || aegro || L aeger -gra -grum, L aegrōtus -a -um ||
 * sickness (n.1 = the state of being ill) || aegro-yi ||
 * sickness (n.2 = illness or disease) || morbi || L morbus -ī || IL morbo.
 * sicle (n.) || falci || L falx -lcis || IL falce.
 * side (n.) || láteri || L latus -teris, I lato, S P lado, Ca costat, G Seite, Du zijde, Sw sida, Da side || IL NL Ia latere, Io IG latero, Ie látere, Ro látero, FN lado, Eo ER flanko, IN flank, Ie flanca, Ui zat.
 * sieve (n. = piece of mesh held in a frame, used for straining solids from liquids or separating coarser from finer particles) || kribri || L cribrum -i ||
 * sieve (v. = put through a sieve) || kribra || L cribro –are ||
 * 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone (geo. = Republic of Sierra Leone) || lu sierra-leono-landi || L Mons Leoninus, S Sierra Leona (lit. ‘lion mountain range’, &lt; L serra ‘saw’ ||
 * sift (v.1 = sieve) || kribra || L cribro –are ||
 * sift (v.2 = examine to select what is important) || cerna || L cernō -ere ||
 * sight (n.) || videa-yi || L visus -us, aspectus -us, conspectus -us || IL visu (= ton vide, visione), IL visione (= ton vide, apparitione, imaginatione).
 * sign (n.) || signi || L signum -i, L indicium -i ||
 * sign (v.) || subskriba || L subscribo -ere, L signum do -are ||
 * 🤫 silence (n.) || silenti || L silentium, I silenzio, F silence, S silencio, Ca silenci || IL silentio.
 * silent (a.) || silento || L silens, LaL silentiosus || IL silentioso.
 * silicon (n. = chemical element #14 [Si], coined 1817 by Thomson, &lt; silica &lt; L sílex -licis "flint, pebble") || silici || L silicium, F G Du Sw Da silicium, Nw silisium, I S silicio, P silício, Ro siliciu, Ca Oc silici, Tu silisyum, Gr pyrítio, Sw kisel || IL Eo silicio (IL = metallo tracto ex silice; in chemia « Si »), Ia silicium, Io siliko.
 * silly (a. = lacking common sense or judgement) || stulto || L stultus -a -um ||
 * 🥈 silver (n.) || argenti || L argentum -i, I argento, F Ca argent, S plata, Gr árguros || IL argento (= metallo, in Chemia « Ag »).
 * similar (a. = alike but not identical) || símilo || L similis -e ||
 * simple (a.) || simplo || L simplus -a -um, L simplex (perhaps by influence of L complex), L rudis -e, S F Ca Oc simple, Ro simplu, I semplice, P simples, G einfach, Sw enkel, Da enkelt, Du eenvoudig || IL simplo, IL Ia simplice, Eo Io Ro simpla, IN simpl, Ie simplic, NL simpli, Ia ER FN simple, Ui slimi, IG elemento.
 * simplicity (n.) || simplo-yi || L simplicitas -atis, S simplicidad || IL Ia simplicitate.
 * simplify (v. = make easier to do or understand)|| simplifika || L simplificō -āre, I semplificare, S P Ca Oc simplificar, Ro simplifica, F simplifier || IL simplifica.
 * simply (adv.) || simplo-ye || L simpliciter, S simplemente || Eo simple, NL simplim.
 * sin (v.) || pekka || L peccō -āre ||
 * sin (n.) || pekka-yi || L peccātum –ī ||
 * since (pre. = in the intervening period between (the time mentioned) and the time under consideration, typically the present) || dexu || L *de ex, S P desde, Ca des de, I da, F depuis || Eo (ek)de, IN da, Io de, Ie Ia desde, Ro dex, Ro dexde, NL depos, Io FN de pos, Ui dod.
 * since (con.1 = from a time in the past until the time under consideration, typically the present) || dexu qandu || FN de cuando, IG e chron.
 * sincere (a. = not pretending; truthful) || sincero || L sincērus -a -um, L candidus, L simplex, L vērus –a –um ||
 * sincerity (n.) || sincero-yi || L sinceritas, L simplicitas, L candor ||
 * 🎤 sing (v.) || kanta || L canō -ere, L cantō -āre || IL canta.
 * 🇸🇬 Singapore (geo. = Republic of Singapore) || lu singapur || L Singapura, Mal P Singapura (from Sk), Tam Siṅkappur, S G Ru Tu Singapur, F Singapour, I Ro Singapore, Gr Sinkapoúrih ||
 * 👨‍🎤 singer (n.) || kanta-pei, kantori || L cantor -is || IL cantore (= homine que canta).
 * single (a.) || síngulo || L singulus -a -um ||
 * singular (a.) || singularo || L singularis -e ||
 * sir (n.1 = polite form of address to a man, used vocatively; n.2 = used as the title of a knight or baronet; from L senior) || dómini || L dominus –ī; I signore, S señor, Ca senyor, F monsieur (&lt; L senior); G Herr || IL domino (= propietario de domo).
 * sister (n.) || sorori || L soror -ōris &gt; F soeur, Ro sora, I sorella, Oc sòrre; L germāna -ae &gt; Ca germana, S hermana, P irmã; Du zuster, G Schwester, Sw syster, Da søster, Ru sestra; Gr eor || IL sorore, IN Ia soror, FN sore, Eo ER Io fratino, NL fratra, Ie sestra, Ui sesta, Ro jermaniso, IG (fe) sibi.
 * sit (v.1 = rest your weight on your buttocks with your back upright) || sedea || L sedeō -ēre || IL sede.
 * site (n.) || situi || L situs -us ||
 * situate (v. = put in a particular place) || situa || L loco -āre; L invenio –īre; S situar ||
 * situation (n.1 = a set of circumstances) || situationi || L condicio; L status; S situación ||
 * situation (n.2 = the location and surroundings of a place) || situa-yi || L situs, L positus ||
 * 6️⃣ six (num.) || sexo || L sex, Gr heks, MoG éksi, S P seis, I sei, F six, Ca sis, Oc sièis, Ro şase, G Sw sex, Da Nw seks, Du zes || IL Ia sex, Eo ses.
 * 1️⃣6️⃣ sixteen (num.) || 16 [mono-sexo] || L sēdecim || -.
 * sixth (ord.) || 6-yo || L sextus -a -um || IL sexto (= cum numero ordinale sex).
 * 6️⃣0️⃣ sixty (num.) || 60 [sexo-sexo] || L sexāgintā, VL sexainta, I sessanta || -.
 * skate (v.) || patina || L patinō -āre, S patinar ||
 * skater (n.) || patina-pei ||
 * 🛹 skateboard (n.) || patina-tábuli || L tabula subrotata, L tabula rotalis ||
 * skill (n.1 = the ability to do something well; n.2 = a particular ability) || habilitati ||
 * skin (n.) || dermi || L cutis -is [human]; L pellis -is [animal]; MoL derma (&lt; Gr derma) || IL cute, IL pelle, IL derma.
 * 💀 skull (n.) || kalvari || L calvario -ae, S calavera ||
 * 🦨 skunk (n.) || mefiti || L mustelida mephitis, S mofeta ||
 * sky (n.) || celi || L caelum -ī, L aether (&lt; Gr aither), I S cielo, F ciel, Ca cel, Oc cèl, P céu, Ro cer || IL cælo.
 * slaughter (v.1 = kill farm animals for food) || neka || L necō -āre, L occīdō -ere, L interficiō -ere || IL occide, IL neca (= da nece, da morte).
 * slaughter (v.2 = kill many people in a brutal way) || trucida || L trucido [&lt; trux caedo] -are ||
 * slaughterhouse (v. = place where animals are killed for food) || macelli || L macellum || Ia abattitorio, Ia macello ||
 * slave (n.1 = person owned by another and forced to obey them) || servi || L servus -ī, L serva -ae, L verna, L mancipium -ī, L famulus, L famula || IL servo.
 * slavery (n.) || servo-yi || L servitus -utis, L servitium -i || IL servitute, IL servitudine.
 * 🛷 sled, sledge, sleigh (n. = a vehicle on runners for conveying loads or passengers over snow or ice, often pulled by draught animals) || slitti || L trahea, L traha, Gr elkehthro, I slitta, G Schlitten, Sw släde, Da slaede, Nw slede, Du slee, F traîneau, P trenó, S trineo, Ca trineu ||
 * 😴 sleep (v.) || dormia || L dormiō -īre, L quiesco -ere || IL dormi.
 * sleep (n.) || somni, dormia-yi || L somnus, L sopor -ōris || IL somno (= to dormi, sopore), IL sopore.
 * slipper (n.) || solei || L solea, L crepida -ae, L sandalium (&lt; Gr sandalion) ||
 * slogan (n. = short, memorable phrase used in advertising or politics; from Gaelic sluagh-ghairm “battle-cry”) || slógani || S eslógan ||
 * slope (n.) || klivi || L clivus -ī || IL clivo (= declivitate, colle).
 * 🇸🇰 Slovakia (geo. = Slovak Republic) || lu slovako-landi || L Slovacia (Res publica Slovacensis), Slo Slovensko (Slovenská republika).
 * Slovakian (geo. a.) || geo-slovako || L Slovacus -a -um ||
 * 🇸🇮 Slovenia (geo. = Republic of Slovenia) || lu sloveno-landi || L Slovenia, Slo Slov ï nija (Republika Solovenija).
 * Slovenian (geo. a.) || geo-sloveno || L Slovenus -a -um ||
 * 🦥 sloth (n.2 = a slow-moving tropical American mammal that hangs upside down from the branches of trees using its long limbs and hooked claws; from ‘slow’) || bradio-zoi || L folivorum, Gr bradypous (from bradys ‘slow’) ||
 * slow (a.) || lento, bradio || L lentus -a -um, L tardus -a -um, I S P lento, F Ca lent, G langsam, Du langzaam, Sw långsam, Da langsom, Gr bradys || IL lento (= ne veloce, tardo), IL tardo (= lento), IN Ie lent, Io FN lenta, NL lent(i), Ia lente, Ui lan, Eo malrapida, ER malrapide, Io nerapida, IG bradyo, IG no-celero.
 * slowly (adv.) || lento-ye || L lente, I S P lentamente, F lentement, Ca lentament, S despacio || IN Io lente, Ie lentmen, NL lentim, Ia lentemente, FN lenta, Ui lanim, Eo ER malrapide, Io nerapide, IG bradyo, IG no-celero.
 * small (a.1 = of less than normal size) || parvo || L parvus -a -um; L paulus -a -um; L exiguus -a -um; L pusillus -a -um, I piccino, P pequeno, S pequeño, F Ca petit, Oc pichot, Ro putin || IL parvo, IL micro-, IL minusculo (= parvo, minore).
 * smell (n.1 = the ability to sense things with the nose) || olfaca-yi, olfakti || L odoratus -us, LaL olfactus -us || IL odoratu (= sensu de odore, olfactu), IL olfactu (= odoratu).
 * smell (n.2 = something sensed by the nose) || odori || L odor -ōris || IL odore.
 * smell (v.1 = sense the smell of) || olfaca, odora || L olfaciō -ere, L odōror -ārī || IL odora (= senti [percipe] odore).
 * smell (v.2 = give off a smell) || olea || L oleō -ēre || IL ole (= da odore).
 * 😊 smile (v.) || subridea || L subrīdeō -ēre, I sorridere, F sourire, P sorrir, S sonreír, Ca somriure, G lächeln, Du glimlachen, Sw smila, Sw småle, Da smile, Gr khamogeló || Eo rideti, ER NL rideta, IN subridar, Io ridetar, Ie subrider, Ia surrider, Ro suriser, FN surie, Ui smijo, IG acte semao de hedo per facia.
 * 😊 smile (n.) || subridea-yi || L risus ||
 * 🚬 smoke (n.) || fumi || L fūmus -ī || IL fumo.
 * smooth (a.) || glabro || L glaber -bra -brum, L levis -e || IL glabro (= sine pilo, calvo).
 * 🐌 snail (n.) || koklei || L cochlea -ae (= quodlibet molluscum testam spiralem habens), L limax -acis || IL cochlea (= limace, concha de limace).
 * 🐍 snake (n.) || serpenti || L anguis –is; L serpēns -ntis &gt; I P serpente, F serpent, S serpiente, Ca serp; G Schlange, Da slange, Du slang; Sw orm || IL angue, IL serpente.
 * snatch (v. = seize quickly or eagerly) || rapia || L rapiō –ere, L corripio –ere ||
 * 🤧 sneeze (v. = make a sudden involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth due to irritation of one's nostrils) || sternua || L sternuo –uere, S estornudar ||
 * ❄️ snow (n. = frozen water vapour in the atmosphere that falls in light white flakes) || nivi || L nix - nivis &gt; I P neve, S nieve, Ca Oc neu, Ro nea || IL nive.
 * 🌨️ snow (v.1 = fall as snow) || ninga || L ningit -ere || IL ninge (= nive cade).
 * so (adv.1 = to such a great extent; adv.2 = to the same extent) || tame || L sic, L ita, L tam, L adeo || IL sic (= in ce modo), IL ita (= sic, in isto modo)
 * so (adv.3 = similarly) || similo-ye ||
 * so (adv.4 = thus) || ite || L ita, L sic ||
 * so many (det.) || tanto || L tot, LaL tantus -a –um, L tanti -ae -a (pl.) ||
 * so much (adv.) || tante || L tantum ||
 * 🧼 soap (n.) || saponi || L sapo -onis | IL sapone.
 * social (a.) || sokialo || L socialis -e, L commūnis -e, L civilis -e || IL sociale (= de socio).
 * society (n.) || sokietati || L societas -ātis || IL societate (= ton socia).
 * 🧦 sock (n.) || kaltsi || L udo -onis, Gr káltsa, I calzino, S calcetín, F chaussette, P meia, Ca mitjó, Ro ciorap, G Strumpf, Sw strumpor, Da Du sok, Nw sokk ||
 * sodium (n. = chemical element #11 [Na, &lt; L natrium &lt; natro (= a type of soda)], coined 1807 by Davy, &lt; soda) || natri || MoL natrium, MoL sodium, G Du Sw Nw Da natrium, Gr nátrio, F sodium, I S sodio, P sódio, Ro sodiu, Ca sodi, Oc sòdi, Tu sodyum || IL natrio (= corpore simplice, cum symbolo de chemia « Na »; sodio), NL Ia natrium, Eo natrio, Io natro.
 * Sofia (geo.) || lu sofia(-vil) || Bu Sófiya, Ru Sr Sofiya, I F Ro G Da Du Nw Sw Sofia, Gr Sófia, S Sofía, L Serdica ||
 * soft (a.1 = easy to mould, cut, compress, or fold) || mollo || L mollis -e &gt; I molle, P mole, Ro moale, Oc mòl, F mou; L tener –ra -rum ||
 * softball (n. = a modified form of baseball played on a smaller field with a larger, softer ball, etc.) || mollo-palli ||
 * soil (n. = upper layer of the earth) || terri || L humus -ī; L terra –ae ||
 * solar (a.) || soli-yo || L solāris, L sōlis || IL solare (= de sol).
 * soldier (n. = person serving in an army) || míliti(-pei) || L miles –litis, L homo militaris || IL milite.
 * solid (a.) || sólido || L solidus -a -um || IL solido.
 * solid (n.) || sólidi || L corpus solidum || IL solido.
 * solidity (n.) || solido-yi || S solidez ||
 * solitary (a.1 = alone) || solo ||
 * solitary (a.2 = isolated) || solitario ||
 * solution (n.) || solutioni || L solutiō -ōnis ||
 * solve (v. find the answer to a problem or mystery) || solvea || L solvō -ere &gt; S resolver ||
 * solvent (a.) || solvento || L solvens ||
 * 🇸🇴 Somalia (geo. = Federal Republic of Somalia) || lu somalio-landi || L Somalia ||
 * Somaliland (geo. = Republic of Somaliland) || lu somalilandi || L Somalilandia ||
 * some (a.1 = a certain amount or number of) || aliqoto || L aliquot || IL aliquos.
 * some (a.2 = unknown or unspecified) || alqo || L aliquī -ae -od, L nescio quid, L nonnullus, L quidam, I qualche, S P Ca algun, F quelque, Oc qualqu'un, Ro unele || IL aliquo (= ullo, uno).
 * some (a.3 = approximately) || appróxime ||
 * somehow (adv.1 = by one way or another) || alqo-ye || L nescio quo modo, I in qualche modo, F en quelque sorte, S de algun modo, G irgendwie ||
 * someone, somebody (pro.) || alqo homi || L aliquis, [acc.] aliquem, L alius -a -um, S alguien, P alguém, I qualcuno, F quelqu'un, Ca Oc algú, Ro cineva || -.
 * something (pro.) || alqo rei || L aliquid, [abl.] aliquo, S P algo, I qualcosa, F quelque chose, Ca Oc alguna cosa, Ca quelcom, Ro ceva || -.
 * sometime (adv.) || aliqande || L aliquando, L quandoque, L aliquo tempore || IL ullo vice.
 * somewhat (adv. = to some extent) || aliqante || L aliquantō, L aliquantum ||
 * somewhere (adv.) || alikube || L alicubi || IL in ullo loco.
 * son (n. = boy or man in relation to his parents) || mao-fili || L filius -ī, L natus -i || IL filio.
 * son-in-law (n. = husband of a person’s daughter) || generi-fili || L gener -rī, VL gener - genrī, I genero, P genro, S yerno, Ca Oc gendre, Ro ginere, F beau-fils ||
 * song (n.) || kanti || L cantus -ūs ||
 * soon (adv.) || moxe || L (in) brevi, L postmodo, L postmodum, L mox, S pronto (&lt; L promptus –a –um “ready”), F bientôt, I presto, I fra poco, P cedo, G bald, Sw Da snart, Du spoedig || IL mox (= subito, cito, paulo post, in breve tempore), Eo baldaŭ, Io balde, Ia tosto, Ro pronte.
 * soul (n.) || ánimi || L spiritus (orig. “breath”, &lt; L spirare "breathe"), L animus, I anima, Ca ànima, S P alma, F âme, Du ziel, G Seele, Sw själ || IL Ia anima, Eo ER animo, IN Ie anim, Io anmo, NL alme, Ro ánimo, Eo FN spirito, Ie spíritu, IL spiritu (= ton spira, flatu, vapore, exhalatione, vita, animo, anima, mente, genio, argutia).
 * sound (n.) || soni || L sonus -ī, L sonitus –us || IL sono.
 * sound (v.) || sona || L sonō -āre ||
 * 🧭⬇️ south (n.) || sudi || L meridies -ei, L auster -trī (&lt; PIE *ausus- "dawn"), Sw söder, G süden, Da syd, Du zuiden, S sur, I F Ca sud, P sul (&lt; Proto-Germanic *sunthaz) || IL IG austro (IL = sud, vento de sud), Ia meridie, Ia mediedie, IG meridio, IN Ia Ui sud, Eo ER Io Ro sudo, Ie NL FN sude.
 * 🇿🇦 South Africa (geo. = Republic of South Africa) || lu sudo-áfrik || L Africa Australis (Respublica Africae Australis), S Sudáfrica ||
 * 🇰🇷 South Korea (geo. = Republic of Korea) || lu sudo-koreo-landi || L Corea Meridionalis (Res publica Coreana) ||
 * 🇸🇸 South Sudan (geo. = Republic of South Sudan) || lu sudo-sudano-landi || L Sudania Australis ||
 * sow (v.1 = plant seed by scattering it on or in the earth) || sera || L sero –ere - sēvīsse, L semino -āre || IL see, IL sere, IL semina (= da semine, see).
 * space (n.1 = unoccupied expanse or area) || spati || L spatium -ī &gt; I spazio, S espacio, P espaço, F espace, Ca espai; L ārea -ae || IL Ro spatio, Eo Io spaco, ER spazo, IN spasi, Ie spacie, NL spatie, Ia FN spasio, Ui spas.
 * 🇪🇸 Spain (geo. = Kingdom of Spain) || lu ispano-landi || L Hispania (Regnum Hispaniae), S España (Reino de España), I Spagna, F Espagne, G Spanien, Gr Ispanía.
 * Spanish (geo. a.) || geo-ispano || L Hispanus, L Hispanicus ||
 * Spanish (lang.) || lu ispano-glossi || L lingua Hispanica, L lingua Castellana ||
 * spare (v.) || parca || L parco -ere ||
 * sparing (a.) || parco || L parcus -a -um ||
 * ✨ spark (n.) || scintilli || L scintilla, L igniculus ||
 * 💬 speak (v.1 = say something) || loqa || L loquor -qui, L for - fari, L dīcō -ere ||
 * speaker (n.1 = person who speaks) || loqa-pei || L ōrātor -ōris ||
 * species (n. = group of animals or plants able to breed with each other) || speki || L species &gt; S especie; L genus ||
 * speech (n.) || loqa-yi || L lingua –ae; L loquela; L sermō –ōnis; L oratio ||
 * speed (n.) || celero-yi || L celeritas; L festinatio; L impetus ||
 * speedy (a.) || célero || L velox, L celer -ris -re ||
 * sperm (n.) || spermi || L sperma &gt; I sperma, S esperma || IL sperma(te), Eo Io spermo.
 * spermatozoon (n.) || spermi-zoi ||
 * sphere (n.) || sferi || L sphaera (&lt; Gr sphaira), I sfera, S P Ca esfera, F sphère || IL sphæra.
 * 🕷️ spider (n.) || aranei || L arānea -ae, S araña, P Oc aranha, Ca aranya, I ragno, F araignée, Ro paianjen, Gr arakhne || IL aranea.
 * spin (v.) || rota || I ruotare, I girare, S girar, I filare, S hilar ||
 * spit (v.) || spua || L spuō -ere, L spūtō -āre || IL spue.
 * spittle (n.) || sputi || L spūtum -ī || IL sputo.
 * split (v.1 = break into parts by force; v.2 = divide into parts or groups) || finda || L findō -ere, L scindō -ere || IL finde (= scinde, divide, seca), IL scinde (= divide, separa, lacera, disjunge, seca).
 * split (n.) || finda-yi || L fissura -ae || IL fissura (= ton finde).
 * spoil (v.) || spolia || L spolio -āre || IL spolia (= depræda).
 * 🧽 sponge (n.) || spongi || L spongia -ae || IL spongia.
 * 🥄 spoon (n.) || kokleari || L cochlear || IL cochleare.
 * sport (n.1 = competitive activity involving physical effort and skill; from old F desport) || sporti || I F Ro sport, Ca esport, Oc espòrt, P esporte, S deporte ||
 * spot (n.) || mákuli || L macula -ae ||
 * spot (v.) || mákula || L maculō -āre ||
 * spouse (n. = husband or wife) || kónjugi-pei || L cōniu(n)x -ugis, L maritus/-a || IL conjuge (= marito aut uxore).
 * spray (v.) || sparga || L spargo -ere ||
 * spray (n.) || sparga-yi || L aspergo -ginis, L spuma -ae ||
 * spread (v.) || panda || L pando -ere ||
 * 🌱 spring (n.1 = the season between winter and summer) || primaveri || L ver -īs, L primum ver (pl. prima vera) &gt; I S P Ca Oc primavera, Ro primavara; L primum tempus (‘first season’) &gt; F printemps; Du voorjaar; Du lente || IL Ia ver, IL vere, Eo ER Io printempo, NL printempe, Ie verne, IG Ui verna, Ia FN primavera, Ro primavero, IN florotemp, IG blasto-tem.
 * sprout (n.1 = shoot of a plant) || gérmini || L surculus; L germen -minis || NL germine.
 * ⬛️ square (n.) || qadri || L quadratum -ī, L quadrus -ī, L quadra -ae, VL exquadra -ae, I quadrato, G Ca quadrat, Sw fyrkant, Da firkant, Du vierkant || IL quadrato, IL quadro.
 * squeeze (v.) || pressa || L premō -ere, L exprimō -ere, L pressō -āre ||
 * 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka (geo. = Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka) || lu sri-lankao-landi || L Taprobane, L Zeylona, L Sri Lanca, L Srilanka, Sin Śrī Laṃkā, Tam Ilaṅkai ||
 * 🦑 squid (n. = an elongated, fast-swimming cephalopod mollusc with eight arms and two long tentacles, typically able to change colour) || kalamári || L decapodiformes, Gr kalamári, S F P Ca calamar, I calamare, F Ro calmar, G kalmare, P lula ||
 * stab (v.) || kultri-fora || L forō -āre, L perforō -āre || IL fora, IL perfora.
 * stable (a. = firmly fixed) || stábilo || L stabilis -e, L solidus -a -um ||
 * stability (n.) || stablo-yi || L stabilitās -ātis ||
 * stamp (v.1 = bring down the foot heavily) || supploda || L supplodo –ere, L pulso -āre ||
 * stamp (v.3 = impress a pattern or mark on a surface) || imprima || L imprimo –ere; L noto ; L cudo –ere ||
 * 🧍 stand (v.1 = be or become upright, supported by the feet) || sta || L stō -āre, L cōnstō -āre, L consistō -ere || IL sta, IL consta (= sta cum, sta, persiste, consiste, ne varia; es composito, es certo, es claro; habe pretio).
 * standard (n.1 = a level of quality or attainment) || modelli ||
 * standard (a.1 = used or accepted as normal or average; perhaps from Frankish *standhard (lit. "stand hard, firm," a flag)) || modelli-yo || S estándar || IG normo.
 * standing (n.1 = status or reputation) || stati || L status -us ||
 * ⭐ star (n. = huge mass of burning gas visible as a glowing point in the night sky) || stelli, astri || L stēlla -ae, L astrum -ī || IL astro, IL stella.
 * start (v. = begin to do, happen, or operate) || incipia || L incipiō -ere ||
 * start (n. = the point at which something begins) || initi || L initium -ī, L principium -ī ||
 * state (n.1 = the condition of someone or something at a particular time) || stati || L status –us ||
 * state (n.2 = country considered as an organized political unit) || stati || L civitas, L respublica ||
 * state (n.3 = area forming part of a federal republic) || federi-stati ||
 * state (n.4 = the government of a country) || guberni-stati ||
 * state (v. = express in words) || indika || L narro -āre; L declaro –āre; L indico -āre ||
 * stay (v.1 = remain in the same place or in a specified state; v.2 = live temporarily) || manea || L māneō -ēre, L remaneō -ēre || IL mane (= permane, remane, habita, dura).
 * stay (n.1 = period of staying somewhere) || manea-yi || L mansiō -ōnis ||
 * steady (a. = firmly fixed or supported) || firmo || L firmus -a -um, L stabilis -e ||
 * steal (v.1 = take something without permission and without intending to return it) || fura || L furor -ari (dep.) ||
 * steam (n.) || vapori || L vapor -is ||
 * 🧖 steamy (a.) || vapori-yo ||
 * step (n.1 = act of lifting and putting down the foot or feet in walking) || gradia-yi || L passus -us || IL passu (=to pande pedes dum ambula).
 * step (n.2 = distance covered by a step (n.1)) || passi || L passus -us || IL passu (= gradu).
 * step (v. = lift and put down your foot or feet) || gradia || L gradior ||.
 * 🩺 stethoscope (n. = a medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing; from Gr stēthos ‘breast’+ skopein ‘look at’) || stetoskopi || L stethoscopium || IL stethoscopio.
 * stick (n.1 = thin piece of wood) || bákuli, fusti || L baculum -ī, L fustis -is, L scīpiō -ōnis, L bacīllum -i || IL baculo, IL fuste.
 * stick (v.1 = push a pointed object into or through something) || affiga || L affigo –ere ||
 * stick (v.2 = adhere or cuase to adhere) || adherea || L haereo –ere, L adhaereo –ere, L cohaereo –ere ||
 * sticky (a.1 = tending or designed to stick) || adhesivo || L lentus; L tenax ||
 * sticky (a.2 = humid) || úmido || L umidus –a –um ||
 * still (adv.) || hinkore || L nihilominus, L adhuc, L *adhunc, L etiam nunc, VL *hinc ad horam, F encore, I ancora, S aún, P ainda || Ia adhuc, Eo ankoraŭ, ER ankoru, IN ankor, Io NL ankore, Ie ancor, Ia FN ancora, Ro incore, IG duro, IG a-un, Ui jok.
 * still (a.) || silento || L silens, LaL silentiosus || IL silentioso.
 * stillness (n.) || silea-yi || L silentium, I silenzio, F silence, S silencio, Ca silenci || IL silentio.
 * stomach (n.) || stómaki || L stomachus -ī, L venter -tris, L ventriculus -ī, S estómago || IL stomacho.
 * stone (n.1 = the hard material of which rock is made) || lápidi || L lapis -idis; L saxum -ī; L calculus -ī; Gr líthos || IL lapide, IL saxo (= lapide, petra, rupe).
 * 🛑 stop (v.in. = come to an end) || cessa || L cessō -āre, L desino -ere, L desisto -ere, L subsisto -ere || IL IG gene fino (lit. "get finished"), IG gene stato (lit. "get static").
 * ✋ stop (v.tr. = bring to an end) || cessa-fika || L prohibeo -ēre; L sisto -ere; L moror -āri, L tardo -āre, L retardo –āre ||
 * stop (n.1 = act of stopping) || cessa-yi ||
 * stop (n.2 = place where a bus stops regularly) || busi-cessa-loki ||
 * storm (n.) || procelli || L procella &gt; I procella, P procela; L tempestas &gt; F tempête, Ca Oc tempesta; S tormenta ||
 * story (n. = account of imaginary or real events) || narrationi || L narratio -onis, L fabula -ae ||
 * straight (a. = extending in one direction only; without a curve or bend) || rekto || L rectus -a -um || IL recto.
 * strait (n. = narrow stretch of water connecting two seas) || freti || L fretum -ī, fretus -ūs ||
 * straw (n.) || strámini || L stramen -minis ||
 * 🍓 strawberry (n.) || fragari || L fragaria ananassa, S fresa, F fraisier, Gr fráoula ||
 * stream (n. = small, narrow river) || rivi || L rīvus -ī || IL rivo.
 * street (n.) || strati || L via -ae, L platea -ae, L platēa -ae, L vīcus -ī, LaL strata (&lt; L via strata "paved road" &lt; L sternere) &gt; E street || IL strata (= via strato).
 * stretch out (v.) || extenda || L tendō -ere, L extendō -ere ||
 * strike (v.1 = hit with force) || perkutia || L feriō -īre; L percutiō -ere ||
 * stroke (n.) || perkutia-yi || L percussus -us ||
 * strong (a.) || forto || L fortis [&lt; forctis] -e, L robustus -a -um, L firmus -a -um, L valens ||
 * structure (n.) || strukturi || L structura, S estructura || Eo Io strukturo, IN struktur, Ie Ia structura, NL strukture, Ro structuro, Ui struktùr, FN strutur, IG fabrico.
 * 🧑‍🎓 student (n.) || studea-pei || L studens, I studente, S estudiante, Ca estudiant, F étudiant || IL studente.
 * study (v.1 = learn about or investigate) || studea || L studeō -ēre, I studiare, S Ca estudiar, F étudier || IL stude.
 * study (n.1 = time and effort spent in reading etc. to gain knowledge) || studi || L studium -ī, S estudio || IL studio (= ton stude, loco pro stude).
 * study (n.2 = room for reading and writing) || studi-cámeri || L umbraculum, L bibliotheca, S estudio || IL studio (= ton stude, loco pro stude).
 * stupid (a.) || stúpido || L stupidus, L fatuus, L stultus ||
 * SUBJUNCTIVE (gram.) || ju ||
 * substance (n.) || substanti || L substantia -ae ||
 * substantive (n.) || substantivi || L nomen substantivum || IL substantivo (= nomine que indica re que sta in se).
 * subtle (a.1 = so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyse or describe) || subtilo || L subtīlis -e ||
 * succeed (v.1 = achieve an aim; from L succēdo –ere from L cēdo -ere “go”) || bene-exia ||
 * success (n.1 = achievement of an aim) || bene-exia-yi || L bonus/felix exitus &gt; S éxito; L successus (L succēdo –ere) ||
 * successful (a.1 = having achieved an aim) || bene-exiento || L fortunatus; L prosperus; L faustus; L felix; S exitoso ||
 * such (a. = of the type previously mentioned or about to be mentioned) || talo || L talis, L eius modi || IL tale.
 * suck (v.) || suga || L sūgō -ere, L fel(l)ō -āre || IL suge.
 * 🇸🇩 Sudan (geo. = Republic of the Sudan) || lu sudano-landi || L Sudania, Ar as-Sūdān (Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān) ||
 * sudden (a. = occurring or done quickly and unexpectedly) || súbito || L subitus –a –um, L repentinus –a –um, L inexspectatus –a –um ||
 * suddenly (adv. = quickly, and when you are not expecting it) || súbite || L subito, L repente ||
 * suffer (v.1 = experience something bad) || súffera || L patior - patī; L tolerō -āre; L ferō – ferrē &gt; L sufferō –errē, VL *sufferiō –īre &gt; I soffrire, S sufrir, P sofrer, F souffrir, Ro suferi, Ca Oc sofrir ||.
 * suffering (n.) || suffera-yi ||
 * sugar (n.) || sákkari || L saccharon (&lt; Gr &lt; Hi), MeL saccharum || IL saccharo.
 * suggest (v.) || suggera || L subicio -ere, L suggero -ere ||
 * suggestion (n.) || suggera-yi || S sugerencia ||
 * suitable (a. = right for the purpose or occasion) || apto || L aptus; L idoneus; L opportunus; L congruus; L commodus ||
 * sulfur (n. = chemical element #16 [S]) || sulfuri || L sulphur -ris, LaL sulfur -ris, MoL sulphurium, S azufre, P enxofre, G Schwefel, Ca Oc sofre, F soufre, Ro sulf, Gr theío, I zolfo || Ia IL sulfure, Io sulfo, NL sulfre, Eo sulfuro, IL sulphure (= elemento cum symbolo « S », noto ad Vergilio).
 * sum (n.) || summi || L summa -ae ||
 * summer (n. = the season between spring and autumn) || aestivi || L aestās -ātis, L eastīvus -i, I estate, F été, Ca Oc estiu, S verano, P verao, Ru vara, G Da Nw sommer, Sw sommar, Du zomer, Gr kalokáiri || IL æstate, Ia estate, Ie estive, Eo Io somero.
 * summit (n.1 = the top of a mountain; from F somete, from L summum) || kúlmini || L culmen –inis, L cacumen -inis ||
 * 🌞 the Sun (n.) || lu soli || L sōl - sōlis || IL sole.
 * Sunday (n.) || soli-di || L dies solis, LaL dies dominicus, L dominica, I domenica, S P domingo, F dimanche, Ca diumenge, Gr kuriakíh, G Sonntag, Sw söndag, Da Søndag, Du Zondag || -.
 * 🌻 sunflower (n.) || helianti, soli-flori || L I S P helianthus, Gr ihlíanthos (= lit. ‘sun flower’), F hélianthe; I girasole, S girasol, P girassol; G Sonnenblumen || IL heliantho, Eo helianto.
 * 🦸 superhero (n.) || superheroi ||
 * superstition (n.) || superstitioni || L superstitiō -ōnis || IL superstitione.
 * superstitious (a.) || superstitioni-yo || L superstitious || IL superstitioso (= cum « superstitione »).
 * 🦹 supervillain (n.) || supervillani ||
 * supine (n.) || supini || L supinum ||
 * supper (n. = light or informal evening meal) || ceni || L cēna -ae ||
 * suppose (v.) || suppona || L suppono -ere, I supporre, S suponer, P supôr, Ca suposar, F supposer, L assumo -ere, I assumere, F assumer, Ca assumir, S asumir, G annehmen, Du aannemen || IL suppone (= pone sub, opina, crede, puta), Eo supozi, ER suposa, IN suposar, Io supozar, Ie suposir, NL suposi, Ia supponer, FN suposa, IL assume, Io asumar, Ro asunter, Ui sunemo, IG dicte postulo.
 * supposition (n.) || suppona-yi || IL suppositione, IL hypothesi (⊂ Gt hypóthesis ⊂ hypo the [pone]), FN suposa.
 * sure (a.1 = confident that you are right) || certo-fido ||.
 * sure (a.3 = undoubtedly true) || certo || L certus -a -um (&lt; cernere) &gt; I certo, S cierto, F certain; G gewiss || IL certo.
 * surely (adv.1 = it must be true that; adv.2 = certainly) || certo-ye || L certe, L certo, L profecto, L vero ||
 * 🇸🇷 Suriname, Surinam (geo. = Republic of Suriname) || lu surinamo-landi || L Surinamia (Res publica Surinamiensis), Du Suriname (Republiek Suriname), Sur Sranan ||
 * surpass (v. = be greater or better than) || supera || L superō -āre &gt; S superar ||
 * surprise (v.) (&lt; F surprendre &lt; MeL superprehendere &lt; L preaehendere “seize”) || surpreenda || L deprehendo -ere, I sorprendere, F surprendre, S sorprender, P surpreender, Ca Oc sorprendre, Ro surprinde.
 * surprise (n.) || surpreenda-yi || L admiratio ||
 * surprising (a.) || surpreendento || L mirus, L mirabilis; L inexpectatus; L inopinatus ||
 * swamp (n. = marsh) || paludi || L palūs -ūdis ||.
 * 🦢 swan (n.) cigni || L cygnus, F cygne, Gr kyknos, I Ca cigne, Oc cicne, S P cisne ||
 * Swaziland (geo. = Kingdom of eSwatini) || lu suazilandi || L Suazia, Swa Umbuso weSwatini ||
 * sweat (v.) || suda || L sudo -āre || IL suda.
 * sweat (n.) || sudori || L sudor -oris || IL sudore.
 * 🇸🇪 Sweden (geo. = Kingdom of Sweden) || lu sueko-landi || L Suecia, Sw Sverige (Konungariket Sverige), G Schweden ||
 * Swedish, Swede (geo. a.) || geo-sueko || L Suecus -a -um, S sueco -a ||
 * Swedish (lang.) || lu sueko-glossi || lingua Suecica, lingua Suetica, lingua Suecana, lingua Suedica, Sw svenska ||
 * sweet (a.) || dulco || L dulcis -e, I dolce, S dulce, Ca dolç, F doux ||
 * sweetness (n.) || dulco-yi || L dulcedo -dinis, S dulzura, Ca dolçor ||
 * swell (v.1 = become larger or more rounded) || tumea || L tumeo -ēre, L turgeō -ēre, L intumēscō -ere || IL tume (= es « tumido », habe « tumore »).
 * swell (v.2 = increase in strength or amount) || tumeafaca || L inflō -āre, L tumefaciō -ere || IL tumefac (= fac tume).
 * swift (a.1 = quick) || célero || L citus -a -um, L celer -ris -re ||
 * 🏊 swim (v.1 = move through water using your arms and legs) || nata || L nō - nāre &gt; L natō -āre &gt; I nuotare, Ro înota, S P Oc nadar, Ca nedar, F nager; L fluito -āre; L madeo -ēre || IL nata, IL na.
 * swimming (n.) || nata-yi || L natatiō -ōnis || IL natatione.
 * 🩱 swimsuit (n.) || balnei-vesti || L vestis balnearis ||
 * Swiss (geo. a.) || geo-helvetio (= du lu helvetio-landi || L Helvetius -ia -ium, S suizo -a.
 * 🇨🇭 Switzerland (geo. = Swiss Confederation) || lu helvetio-landi || L Helvetia (Confoederatio Helvetica), G Schweiz (Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft), F Suisse (Confédération suisse), I Svizzera (Confederazione Svizzera), Rx Svizra (Confederaziun svira), S Suiza.
 * swollen (a.) || túmido || L tumidus -a -um || IL tumido.
 * sword (n.) || gladi || L gladius -iī, L ensis -is, S espada ||
 * 💉 syringe (n.) || siringi || L syringa (iniectionis), I siringa, P Ro seringa, F seringue, S jeringa, Ca xeringa, Tu şırınga, Du injectiespuit, G Spritze, Nw sprøyte, Ru shprits || Eo injektilo, Io siringo.
 * 🇸🇾 Syria (geo. = Syrian Arab Republic) || lu sirio-landi || L Syria, Ar Sūriyā (al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), F Syrie, G Sw Syrien, I S Ro Oc Siria, P Ca Síria, Gr Syría, Tu Suriye, Ru Siriya ||
 * system (n.1 = a set of things working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network; a complex whole) || sistemi || LaL systema, F système, S sistema ||.
 * table (n.) || távoli || L mēnsa -ae, VL tabula -ae, VL *tabla, Gr trapeza, MoGr trapézi, S P mesa, Ro Tu masa, F E table, I tavolo, I tavola, Ca Oc taula, Du tafel, Sw Da Nw bord, G Tisch, Ru stol, Sr sto || Eo Io tablo, Ia tabula, Eo ménsulo.
 * tablet (n.) || tabelli || L tabula -ae, L tabella -ae, L tessera -ae ||
 * tail (n.) || kaudi || L cauda -ae, VL coda -ae || IL cauda.
 * 🇹🇼 Taiwan (geo. = Republic of China) || lu taiwan || L Taivania (Res publica Sinarum), Ch Zhōnghuá Mínguó, Hak Chûng-fà Mìn-koet, I S P Ro G Taiwan, F Taïwan, Gr Taïbán, Tu Tayvan ||
 * 🇹🇯 Tajikistan (geo. = Republic of Tajikistan) || lu tajiko-landi || L Tadzikistania (Res publica), Taj Tojikist o n, F Tadjikistan, I Tagikistan, S Tayikistán, G Tadschikistan, Gr Tatzikistán ||
 * take (v.1 = reach for and hold) || kapia, suma, prehenda || L capiō -ere, L emō -ere, L sūmō -ere (&lt; emō), L accipiō -ere, L recipiō -ere, L rapiō -ere || IL prehende, IL prende, IL cape, IL eme (= prehende, acquire, sume, assume).
 * 🥡 takeaway, (US) takeout (n. = a meal or dish bought from a shop or restaurant to be eaten elsewhere) || aufera-cibi || I cibo da asporto, F vente à emporter ||
 * tale (n. = story) || fábuli || ||
 * talent (n.) || ingeni || L ingenium -ī, L facultas -atis ||
 * talented (a.) || ingenioso || L ingeniosus -a -um ||
 * talk (v.1 = speak so as to give information or express ideas or feelings) || loqa || L loquor -i, L colloquor -i; L confabulor -ari.
 * tall (a. = of great or specified height) || alto || L altus -a -um, L prōcērus –a -um || IL alto, Eo Io Ro alta, Ia alte.
 * tame (v.) || mansuefaca || L domo -āre, L perdomo -āre, L mansuefacio -ere, L subigo -ēre || IL doma.
 * tame (a.) || manso || L mānsuētus -a -um, VL mānsus -a -um || IL mansueto (= sueto ad manu, domato, mite).
 * tango (n. = a Latin American ballroom dance) || tangoi || S tango (probably from a Niger-Congo language) ||
 * 🇹🇿 Tanzania (geo. = United Republic of Tanzania) || lu tanzanio-landi || L Tanzania, Swa Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania) ||
 * task (n. = piece of work to be done) || taski || L pensum -ī; MeL tasca (alteration of L taxa) &gt; Ca tasca, F tâche || IL penso (= labore (per pœna, ad discipulo)).
 * taste (v.) || gusta || L gusto -āre, L degusto -āre (tr.), L sapio -ere (int.) || IL gusta.
 * taste (n.1 = the sensation of flavour perceived in the mouth on contact with a substance) || gusta-yi, gusti || LaL gustus -us || IL gustu (= ton gusta).
 * tavern (n. [old use] = inn or pub) || taberni || L taberna -ae ||
 * tax (n.) || taxi || L vectigal, L tributum, L stipendium, MeL taxa || IL tributo (= pecunia quem privato tribue ad publico), IL taxa (= taxatione, tributo)
 * taxi (n.) || autotaxi (= automóbili taxio) || MoL autocinetum meritorium, MoL publica raeda, MoL commūnis carruca, E S taxi (&lt; MeL taxa) || Ro taxi, Ro taxìmetrierio.
 * 🍵 tea, chai (n.) || cai || Ch ch’a &gt; Malay teh &gt; Du thee &gt; MoL thea -ae, Ca Sw Da Nw te, I Oc tè, S té, G tee, F thé, Gr tsái, Ps chá, Ru Sr Cr Bu Cz Uc Tu chay, Ro ceai || IL thea, Eo Io teo.
 * teach (v.) || dokea || L doceō -ēre || IL doce (= fac disce, educa, instrue).
 * 🧑‍🏫 teacher (n.) || dokea-pei || L doctor -ōris || IL docente, IL doctore (= qui habe jure de doce).
 * teaching (n.) || dokea-yi || L doctrina -ae, L eruditio -onis ||
 * 💧 tear (n. = drop of clear salty liquid forming in and falling from a person's eye) || lákrimi || L lacrima -ae, I lacrima, S P lágrima, F larme, Ca llàgrima, Sw tår, Da tåre, Du traan, G Träne || IL lacrima.
 * tear (v.1 = rip a hole in; v.2 = pull apart or to pieces) || scinda || L scindo -ere || IL scinde (= divide, separa, lacera, disjunge, seca).
 * 🧸 teddy bear (n.) || luda-úrsuli || L usulus (lusorius) ||
 * 📞 telephone (n. = device for transmitting speech over a distance using wire or radio) || teléfoni || MoL telephonium, MoL telephonum, MoL apparatus telephonicus, Gr tihléphono, Ru telefon, I telefono, S teléfono, P telefone, Sw telefon, Ca telèfon, G fernsprecher || IL Ia telephono, Eo telefono, IN Ie IG FN telefon, Io telefonilo, NL telefone, Ro teléfono, Ui telefòn.
 * 🔭 telescope (n.) || teleskopi || L telescopium, I S telescopio, Gr tihleskópio, F télescope ||
 * television (n.) || televisi || L televisiō -ōnis, L telehorasis, Sw Oc television, I televisione, F télévision, S televisión, P televisão, Ca televisió, Ro televiziune, Tu televizyon, Ru televidenie, Gr tihleórasih, Du televisie, G Fernsehen, Da Nw fjernsyn, || Eo televido, Io televiziono, Ia television.
 * 📺 television set (n.) || televisi-macini || L televistrum, L televisorium, S P Ca Oc televisor, I televisore, F téléviseur, Ro televizor ||
 * tell (v. = say to) || dica pu ||
 * temperature (n.1 = degree of heat or cold) || temperaturi || L temperatura -ae ||
 * 🛕 temple (n.1 = building for the worship of a god or gods) || templi || L templum -ī ||
 * 1️⃣0️⃣ ten (num.) || 10 [mono-deko]|| L decem, P dez, Oc dètz, I dieci, S diez, F dix, Ro zece, Ca deu || IL decem.
 * 🎾 tennis (n.) || teniludi || L teniludus, F I tennis, S tenis ||
 * tenth (ord.) || 10-yo || L decimus -a -um || IL decimo (= que habe numero decem).
 * tenth (n.) || décimi || L decimus ||
 * term (n.1 = word or phrase) || términi || L terminus -ī ||
 * term (n.2 = period for which something lasts) || periodi || L periodus (&lt; Gr)
 * terrified (a.) || pávido || L pavidus –a –um ||
 * test (v. = subject to a test) || experia || L tento -are, L exploro -are, L experior –īrī ||
 * test (n.1 = procedure to establish the quality, performance, presence, etc. of something) || experia-yi || L tentamentum, L tentamen, L periculum ||
 * testicle (n.) || testikli || L testis -is, L testiculus, S testiculo || IL testiculo.
 * text (n.) || texti || L verba scriptoris; L contextus, MeL textus || IL textu (= ton texe, textura; libro, codice, documento).
 * textile (n.1 = woven or knitted fabric) || textili || L textile -is ||
 * 🇹🇭 Thailand (geo. = Kingdom of Thailand), formerly Siam || lu tailandi || L Thailandia (Regnum), Th Prathet Thai (Ratcha-anachak Thai), I Thailandia, S Tailandia ||
 * than (pre. &amp; conj.) || qamu || L quam, S F que, I che, G als || IL quam.
 * thank (v.) || grati-aga || L grātias agō -ere (+ dat.), I ringraziare, F remercier, S P agradecer, Ca agrair, Oc regraciar, Ro mulţumi, G Du danken, Da takke, Sw tacka || IL age gratias.
 * thanks (n. = expression of gratitude; excl. = thank you!) || grati || L grātia, L grātes, I grazie!, S ¡gracias!, Ca gràcies!, P obrigado!, F merci!, Oc mercés, Ro mulţumesc, G Danke!, Da tak! Du dank U!, Sw tack! || Eo dankon!, Io danko!, Ia gratias!, Ro regratio!
 * that (conj.) || ku || L ut, LaL quod (replacing the accusative + infinitive construction of classical Latin), I che, S F P Ca que (&lt; L quia) || IL Ie Ro que, Eo ER IN Io NL ke, FN ce.
 * that (det.) || illo || L ille -a -ud, L is - ea - id, L iste -a -ud || IL illo, IL eo (= illo, isto, idem, ipso).
 * that (rel. pro.) || keu || L quī - quae - quod, [acc.] quem - quam - quod, S que || IL que, IL quem (acc.).
 * that (pro.) || illo rei || L illud -ius, L id - eius, L ipsum || IL id (= ce re).
 * the (a. used to refer to one or more people or things already mentioned or understood; the definite article) || ilu (sing.), ilu plu (plur.)|| L is - ea - id, pl. ei [ii] - eae - ea, (gen.) eius, I il, S Ca el, F le, P o, Oc I lo, I F S Ca Oc la || IL illo*, IL [proposed by some users, not Peano] il.
 * theater (n.) || teatri || L theātrum -ī, L scaena, L cavea ||
 * their (a.) || loru || L suus –a -um, L eorum - earum, L illorum –arum, I loro || -.
 * theirs (pos. pro.) || lorio || L suus, L eorum - earum, L illorum –arum, I suo –a, I loro, S suyo –a, P seu – sua, P deles - delas || -.
 * them (acc.) || lori || L eos – eas - ea, L illos –as -a, L ipsos –as -a ||.
 * them (pro. = to them, dat.) || pu lori || L eis (dat.), L illibus (dat.), L sibi (dat.) ||.
 * theme (n.1 = subject being discussed) || temi || L thēma (&lt; Gr théma “proposition”) ||
 * then (adv.1 = at that time) || tunce || L tum, L tunc || IL tum, IL tunc.
 * then (adv.2 = after that) || deinde || L deinde, L inde || IL postea (= post).
 * then (adv.3 = in that case) || tunke ||
 * there (adv.) || ibe || L ibī, L illī, L illīc || IL ibi (= in idem loco, ibidem), IL in illo loco.
 * therefore (adv.) || ergoe || L ergo, L igitur, L idcircō, L proptereā, I dunque, F donc || IL ergo, IL tunc, IL unde.
 * 🌡️ thermometer (n.) || termómetri || L thermometrum, S termómetro ||
 * thesis (n.) || tesi || L thesis -is [&lt; Gr] ||
 * they (pro.) || lori || L ii - eorum, L eae - earum, L illi -orum, L illae -ārum, L ipsi -orum, L ipsae -ārum || -.
 * thick (a.) || spisso || L spissus -a -um || IL spisso (= denso).
 * thief (n.) || fura-pei || L fur - furis ||
 * thin (a.1 = not thick) || magro || L tenuis –e; L macrus –a –um (&lt; Gr makros) &gt; I S P magro, Ca Oc magre, F maigre, Ro macru || IL tenue (= subtile, simplice).
 * thing (n.) || rei || L rēs - rēī; VL causa –ae &gt; Oc causa, I S Ca cosa, P coisa, F chose; G Du ding, Sw Da ting; Sw sak Da sag, Du zaak, G Sache || IL re.
 * 💭 think (v.1 = have a particular opinion or belief) || opina || L putō -āre, L crēdō -ere, L opinor -ārī, L reor - rērī, L arbitror -ārī || IL puta (= cogita, considera, judica, crede).
 * 💭 think (v.2 = use or direct the mind) || pensa || L cōgitō -āre; L pēnsō –āre “weight; think” &gt; I pensare, S P Ca Oc pensar, F penser; Ro gândi || IL cogita, IL medita.
 * 🥉 third (ord.) || 3-yo || L tertius -a -um || IL tertio (= cum numero ordinale tres).
 * third (n.) || terti || L tertius ||
 * thirst (n.) || siti || L sitis –is &gt; I Ro sete, Ca Oc set, P sede, S sed, F soif ||.
 * thirsty (a.) || sitiento || sitiēns ||.
 * 1️⃣3️⃣ thirteen (num.) || 13 [mono-trio] || L tredecim || -.
 * 3️⃣0️⃣ thirty (num.) || 30 [trio-deko] || L trīgintā, VL trinta, I trenta || -.
 * this (det. = referring to the person or thing near, mentioned, or indicated) || hiko, isto || L hic - haec - hoc, (pl.) hi - hae - ha, L iste -a -ud || IL hoc, IL isto, IL ce.
 * this (pro. = the person or thing near, mentioned, or indicated) || isto rei || L hic - haec - hoc, L iste -a -ud || IL hoc, IL isto, IL ce.
 * this (adv. = to the degree or extent indicated) || ite || L ita, L sīc || IL ita (= in isto modo), IL sic (= in ce modo).
 * though (conj. = despite the fact that) || etsu || L etsi, L etiamsi, L quamvis, L quamquam, L licet || IL et si.
 * 💭 thought (n.) || pensa-yi || L cōgitatō -ōnis, L sententia -ae, L mens -ntis || IL cogitatione, IL meditatione.
 * 1️⃣0️⃣0️⃣0️⃣ thousand (num.) || 1000 [mono-kilo] || L mīlle - milia, I mille, S P F Ca Oc mil, Ro mie || IL mille.
 * thousandth (ord.) || mono-millio-yo || L millesimus -a -um ||
 * 🧵 thread (n.) || linei-fili || L fīlum –ī; L linea -ae || IL filo.
 * threaten (v.) || mina || L minor -āri ||
 * threats (n.) || mina-yi || L minae -arum ||
 * 3️⃣ three (num.) || 3 [trio] || L trēs - tria, S Ca Oc tres, P três, I tre, F trois, Ro trei || IL tres, IL tri-.
 * through (pre.) || peru || L per, L propter, L ob || IL IN Ie IG Ia per, Eo ER Io Ie NL Ia Ro FN tra, Ui tru, Ia traverso.
 * throw (v.) || jakta || L iaciō -ere, L iactō -āre || IL jacta.
 * thunder (n.1 = loud rumbling or crashing noise heard after lightning) || tónitri || L tonitrus –ūs &gt; I tuono, S trueno, P trovão, F tonnerre, Ro tunet, Ca tro, Oc tròn; L fragor ||
 * Thursday (n.) || jovi-di || LaL Iovis dies &gt; I giovedi, F jeudi, S jueves, Ca dijous || -.
 * thus (adv.1 = as a result of this; adv.2 = in this way) || ite || L ita, L sic ||
 * Tianjin (geo.) || lu tianjin || Ch Tiānjīn, L S F G Tianjin, I Tientsin, Gr Tientsín, Ru Tyantszin.
 * tie (v.1 = attach or fasten with string etc.) || liga || L ligō -āre, L vinciō -īre || IL liga (= vince, stringe, conjunge, uni), IL vinci (= liga, cinge cum « vinculo »).
 * tie (n.1 = a thing that ties) || vínkuli || L vinculum ||
 * 🐅 tiger (n.) || tigri || L tigris -is, I S tigre || IL tigre (= Zool. « felis tigris »).
 * till (pre./con. = until) || usqadu || L usque ad (+ acc.), L dum, L donec || IL usque (ad).
 * timber (n. = wood prepared for use in building and carpentry) || tigni || L materia; L lignum; L tignum; L trabs ||
 * time (n.1 = the continuing progress of existence and events in the past, present, and future) || témpori || L tempus –oris &gt; I P tempo, S tiempo, F Ca temps, Ro timp || IL Ia tempore (IL = successione de dies, de annos, ævo, ætate, epocha, periodo), Eo ER Io FN tempo, IN temp, Ie témpor, NL tempe, IG Ui tem, Ro témporo.
 * time (n.2 = period of time) || periodi ||
 * time (n.3 = point of time measured in hours and minutes) || hori ||
 * time (n.4 = instance of something happenning or being done) || vici || L occāsiō -ōnis || IL Ia vice, Eo fojo, IN -foa, Io foyo, NL foye, FN ves, Ro veço, Ui vos, ER volto, IG chron.
 * times (pre. = (following a number) expressing multiplication) || multiplu ||
 * tiny (a. = very small) || párvulo || L parvulus -a -um, L exiguus -a -um ||
 * to (pre.) || adu || L ad || IL ad.
 * to (gram. = INFINITIVE) || tu || L -āre, -ēre, -īre, etc. || IL to [sic], IG u(n), Ia ...ar, ...er, ...ir, Eo ...i, ER ...a, Io ...ar,, Ui ...o.
 * to (gram. = DATIVE) || pu ||
 * today (adv.) || hodie || L hodiē &gt; P hoje, S hoy, I oggi, Ca avui, F (ajourd’)hui || IL hodie.
 * 🧑‍🤝‍🧑 together (adv.) || símule || L simul, L una, L coniunctim || IL simul (= cum).
 * 🇹🇬 Togo (geo. = Togolese Republic) || lu togo-landi || L Togum, F Togo (République Togolaise) ||
 * 🚽 toilet (n.) || latrini || L latrina, F toilettes, G toilette, Du Da toilet, Sw Nw toalett, Ru tualet, Tu tuvalet, Gr toualéta, I water, Ca vàter, Ro closet, Sr klozet, S P retrete, S inodoro, I vaso sanitario, P vaso sanitário, P sanita || Eo necesejo, Io tualeteyo.
 * Tokyo (geo.) || lu tokio || L Tokium, I F Tokyo, S G Ru Tokio, Gr Tókio.
 * tolerable (a.) || tolerablo || L tolerabilis -e ||
 * tolerance (n.) || tolera-yi || L tolerantia, L toleratio, L indulgentia || IL tolerantia.
 * tolerant (a.) || toleranto || L tolerans, L patiens, L indulgens || IL tolerante.
 * tolerate (v.) || tolera || L tolerō -āre, L patior - patī, L ferō - ferrē || IL tolera.
 * 🍅 tomato (n.) || tomati || MoL (solanum) lycopersicum; S P F G tomate (&lt; Nahuatl (Aztecan) tomatl "tomato," lit. "the swelling fruit"), Gr tomáta, Sw Da Nw Ru tomat, Du tomaat, Tu domates, Ca tomàquet; I pomodoro; Ro roșie || Eo tomato.
 * tomorrow (adv.) || krase || L cras, L crastinus dies || IL cras.
 * 👅 tongue (n.) || lingui (= parti du kórpori intru ori) || L lingua -ae (&lt; dingua), Gr glóssa || IL lingua (= parte de corpore, sermone, loquela. &lt; L. ant. dingua).
 * tonight (adv. = on the present evening or night) || ho-nokte || L hac nocte, S esta noche || Io ca-nokte, Ie ho-nocte, IG nu-nocti, Ia iste nocte.
 * too (adv.1 = more than is desirable or possible) || nimie || L nimis, L nimium, I troppo, F trop, Ca massa, P demais, S demasiado || IL nimis (= ad excessu), Eo ER IN Io Ie NL Ia FN tro, Ia troppo, Ia nimis, Ro nime, Ui tio, Ui&gt; tiomòl, I G excesso, IG major de satio.
 * too (adv.2 = also) || ete || L et, L etiam ||
 * 🛠️ tool (n.) || instrumenti || L instrumentum.
 * 🧰 toolbox (n.) || instrumenti-buxi ||.
 * 🦷 tooth (n.) || denti || L dēns -ntis, I dente, S diente, F Ca dent, Gr odont, G Zahn || IL dente.
 * top (n.1 = the highest or uppermost point, part, or surface) || kúlmini || L culmen -inis, L cacumen –inis, L apex ||
 * top (a. = highest in position, rank, or degree) || summo || L summus –a –um ||
 * touch (v.) || tanga || L tangō -ere, L attingo -ere || IL tange, IL attinge.
 * touch (n., sense) || tanga-yi, takti || L tactus -ūs, L contactus -ūs || IL tactu (= ton tange, sensu de tange), IL tactione (= ton tange, actione de tange), IL contactu (= to tange).
 * toward(s) (pre.) || adversu || L adversus || Ro versum.
 * tower (n.) || turri || L turris -is ||
 * town (n. = settlement larger than a village) || urbi || L urbs -bis; L oppidum -ī; L municipium; L cīvitās -ātis (‘citizenship; community of citizens; state’) &gt; I città, P cidade, Ca Oc ciutat, S ciudad, F cité, E city; F ville; Ro oraş ||
 * toxic (a.) || tóxiko || LaL toxicus -a -um ||
 * toxin (n. = poison produced by a living organism) || toxini || S P Ro Ca Oc toxina, F Du toxine, G Sw Cz toxin, Da Nw Tu Ru toksin, Po toksyny, Gr toxínih, I tossina || Eo toksino, Io toxino.
 * 🧸 toy (n.) || krepundi || L crepundium ||
 * track (n.1 = rough path or road) || sémiti || L semita –ae &gt; S senda, S sendero ||
 * trade (v.) || merka || L mercor -ari, L mercō -āre ||
 * trade (n.) || merka-yi, kommerki || L commercium -i ||
 * tradition (n.) || traditioni || L traditio -ionis ||
 * traditional (a.) || traditioni-yo || L traditionalis ||
 * train (n.1 = a series of railway carriages or wagons moved by a locomotive) || treni || L tramen -inis; F E train (&lt; VL trăhĭnare &lt; L traho -ere), Du trein, S tren, I treno, Gr traíno, Gr tréno; P combóio; G Zug, Da tog, Sw tåg || Eo trajno, Io treno, Ia Ro traino ||
 * 🚊 tram (n.) || tramviari || L currus electricus, L tramviarius ||
 * transcribe (v.) || transkriba || L trānscrībō -ere ||
 * transcription (n.) || transkriba-yi || L transcriptio ||
 * translate (v.) || traduca || L transferre, translatus ("bring over, carry over"), S traducir.
 * translation (n.) || traduca-yi || L translatio -onis, S traducción || Eo Io traduko.
 * transport (v.) || transporta || L vehō -ere, L portō -āre, L trānsportō -āre ||
 * transport (n.) || transporta-yi || L transvectio ||
 * trash (n.) || skruti || L scrūta -ōrum ||
 * travel (v.) || itínera || L iter faciō -ere, L itinerō -āre || IL itinera (= fac itinere).
 * treaty (n. = formal agreement between states) || féderi || L foedus -deris ||
 * 🌴 tree (n.) || árbori || L arbor -oris (&lt; arbos), Ro arbore, F Ca Oc arbre, P árvore, S árbol, I albero || IL Ia arbore, Eo ER arbo, IN FN arbor, Ie árbor, Io arboro, NL arbre, Ro árboro, IG dendra, Ui drev.
 * trial (n.1 = examination of evidence in a law court to decide if a person is guilty of a crime; n.2 = test of performance or quality) || experia-yi || L tentatio; L iudicium ||
 * 📐 triangle (n.) || triánguli (= formi konu trio láteri etu trio ánguli) || L triangulus -ī, L triangulum -ī || IL triangulo.
 * tribe (n. = social group in a traditional society consisting of linked families) || tribi || L tribus -ūs, L natio ||
 * trillion (num. = a million million) || trillioni ||
 * 🇹🇹 Trinidad and Tobago (geo. = Republic of Trinidad and Tobago) || lu trinitat-tobago-biínsuli || L Trinitas et Tabacum ||
 * trouble (v.1 = cause worry or inconvenience to) || molesta || L molestō -āre ||
 * trouble (n.1 = difficulty or inconvenience) || molesta-yi || L molestia -ae ||
 * trouble (n.2 = a cause of trouble) || molesti || L molestia -ae ||
 * troublesome (a.) || molesti-yo || L molestus -a -um ||
 * 👖 trousers (pl.) (n. = outer garment for the body from the waist down, with a separate part for each leg) || bipantaloni || L bracae –arum; P calça(s); I pantaloni, S pantalones, Ro pantalon, Gr pantelóni || IL bracas.
 * true (a.1 = in accordance with fact) || vero || L vērus -a -um &gt; I vero, F vrai; G wahr || IL vero.
 * truly (adv.) || vero-ye || L vērē ||
 * 🎺 trumpet (n.) || trompi || L trompa, L S trompeta, F trompette, I tromba ||
 * trunk (n.) || trunki || L truncus -i ||
 * trust (v. = have trust in) || fida || L fidō -ere, L crēdō -ere [+ dat.] ||
 * trust (n. = firm belief that someone/something is reliable, true, or able) || fida-yi || L fidēs -ēī||
 * truth (n.) || vero-yi || L vērum -ī, L veritas –ātis &gt; I verità, F vérité, S verdad, P verdade, Ca Oc veritat || IL veritate (= to es vero, re vero).
 * try (v.1 = attempt) || tenta || L conor; L tento &gt; I tentare, P tentar, S Ca intentar; L tempto &gt; L attempto &gt; E attempt; L probo; L periclitor; L experior –īrī; F essayer || FN atenta, IG acte tentato, Ui probo, Ro probationer.
 * 👕 T-shirt || T-kamisi || L funicular -ae, L t-camisia -ae, S camiseta, I maglieta, G F T-shirt ||
 * 🧪 tube (n.) || tubi || L tubulus, L tubus.
 * Tuesday (n.) || marti-di || L dies Martis, LaL martis dies, I martedì, S martes, F mardi, Ro Marți, Ca dimarts, Oc dimars, P terça-feira, Gr Areos hemera, Sw tisdag, Da Tirsdag, G Dienstag, Du Dinsdag ||
 * 🥃 tumbler (n.1 = a drinking glass with straight sides and no handle or stem) || vitri-pókuli ||
 * 🇹🇳 Tunisia (geo. = Republic of Tunisia) || lu tunisio-landi || L Tunesia, F Tunisie (République tunisienne), Ar at-Tūnisīya (al-Jumhūrīya at-Tūnisīya) ||
 * turkey (n.) || meleagri || L meleagris; S pavo ||.
 * 🇹🇷 Turkey (geo. = Republic of Turkey) || lu turko-landi || L Turcia (Res publica Turcica), Tu Türkiye (Cumhuriyeti), S Turquía, I Turchia, G Türkei, Gr Tourkía ||
 * Turkish, Turk (geo. a.) || geo-turko || L Turcus -a -um.
 * Turkish (lang.) || lu turko-glossi || L lingua Turcica, Tu Türkçe ||
 * 🇹🇲 Turkmenistan, formerly Turkmenia (geo.) || lu turkmeno-landi || L Turcomannia, L Turcmenia, Tu Türkmenistan, I G Turkmenistan, S Turkmenistán, F Turkménistan, Gr Tourkmenistán, Ru Turkmeniya ||
 * turn (v.1 = move around a central point) || volva || L volvō –ere, L circumago || IL volve.
 * turn (v.2 = move so as to face or go in a different direction) || verta || L vertō –ere || IL verte (= muta directione).
 * turn (v.3 = make) || fikia || L facio –ere, L -ficiō –ficāre, F -fier ||
 * turn (v.4 = become) || fia || L fior – fieri, L convertor, L volvor ||
 * turn out (v.) || resulta || L eicio -ere, MeL resulto -are || -.
 * 🐢 turtle (n.) || testúdini || L testūdō -inis || -.
 * 🤵 tuxedo (n. = a man's dinner jacket; a suit of formal evening clothes including a tuxedo; from Tuxedo Park … in New York, where it was first worn), black tie || tuxedi || I F S P smoking, Gr smókin ||
 * 1️⃣2️⃣ twelve (num.) || 12 [mono-duo] || L duodecim || -.
 * twentieth (ord.) || 12-yo || L vīcēnsimus -a -um || -.
 * 2️⃣0️⃣ twenty (num.) || 20 [duo-deko] || L vīgintī, VL vinti, I venti || -.
 * twice (adv.) || bise || L bis (&lt; duis), I bis || IL (= duo vice).
 * 2️⃣ two (num.) || duo || L duo - duae - duo, (acc.) duos -as -a, VL dui - due - dua, S Ca Oc dos, P dois, I due, F deux, Ro doua, G zwei, Du twee, Sw två, Da to || IL duo, Eo ER IN Io Ie NL Ro FN Ui du, Ia duo, IG bi.
 * tympanum (n.1 = the tympanic membrane or eardrum) || oti-ímpani ||
 * 🦖 tyrannosaur, T-rex (n.) || tirannosauri || MoL tyrannosaurus (from Gr tyrannos ‘tyrant’ + sauros ‘lizard’) ||
 * 🇺🇦 Ucraine (geo.) || lu ukraino-landi || L I Ucraina, Uk Ukray i na, Gr Oukranía, S Ucrania.
 * Ucrainian (geo. a.) || geo-ukraino || L Ucrainus -a -um.
 * 🛸 UFO (n. Unidentified Flying Object = a mysterious object seen in the sky …, often supposed to be a vehicle carrying extraterrestrials) || ovni (= objekti volanto ne identifikad) || L RIV (Res Inexplicata Volans), Gr ATIA, F S P Ca OVNI (F: Objet Volant Non Identifié) ||
 * 🌂 umbrella (n.) || umbelli || L umbella, L umbella pluvialis, I ombrello || IL umbella.
 * 🇺🇬 Uganda (geo. = Republic of Uganda) || lu ugando-landi || L Uganda, Swa Uganda (Jamhuri ya Uganda)||
 * uncle (n.) || avunkli || L avunculus -ī (= frāter matris), L patruus -ī (= frāter patris), G vetter, Da fætter || IL avunculo (= fratre de patre aut de matre).
 * under (pre. = extending or directly below) || infru, subtu || L sub, L subter, L īnfrā (+ acc.), VL subta || IL infra, IL Ro sub, IL subter.
 * under (adv. = extending or directly below something) || infre, subte ||
 * understand (v.) || intelliga || L intellego/intelligo -ere || IL intellige.
 * understanding (n.) || intelliga-yi || L mens, L intellectus, L intellegentia || IL intelligentia.
 * understanding (a.) || intelligento || L peritus, L sapiens, L prudens || IL sapiente (= sagace, prudente, anti stulto, que sape).
 * unfortunate (a.1 = unlucky) || infausto || L īnfēlīx (gen. -īcis), L infaustus -a -um ||
 * 🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates, Emirates (geo.) || lu plu arabo-emirati || L Emiratus Arabici Coniuncti/Uniti, Ar al-Imārāt (Dawlat al-Imārāt al-'Arabīyah al-Muttaḥidah) ||
 * 🇬🇧 United Kingdom, Britain (geo. = United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) || lu britano-regni || L Britanniarum Regnum (Regnum Britanniae Maioris et Hiberniae Septentrionalis), F le Royame Uni.
 * 🇺🇳 United Nations || lu UN ||.
 * 🇺🇸 United States of America, United States, America (geo.) || lu USA, lu ameriko-landi || L Civitates Foederatae Americae, F les Etats Unis ||
 * 🌌 universe (n.) || universi || L ūniversum -ī; L mundus -ī || IL universo (= toto, integro, mundo), IL cosmo (= mundo, universo).
 * university (n.) || universitati || MeL universitas magistrorum et scholarium &gt; I università, Ca Oc universitat, S universidad, Ro universitate, P universidade, F université, Sw Da Nw Ru universitet, G Universität, Du universiteit, Po uniwersytet&gt; Gr panepistíhmo; Is háskóli; Ch dàxué (‘big school’) || IL universitate (de studios), NL Ia universitate, Eo ER Io Ro universitato, IN universitet, Ie universitá, IG universita, FN universia, Ui universitad.
 * unknown (a. = not known) || ignoto || L ignōtus -a -um ||
 * unless (conj. = except when; if not) || nisiu || L nisi, L ni, L nisi si ||
 * unlike (a. = different) || dissímilo || L dissimilis -e ||
 * unlucky (a.) || infausto || L īnfēlīx (gen. -īcis), L infaustus -a -um ||
 * 🥴 unsteady (a.) || instábilo || L instabilis ||
 * until (pre./con. = up to the point in time or the event mentioned) || usqandu || L usque ad (+ acc.), L dum, L donec || IL usque (ad), Ro usche.
 * ⬆ up (adv.1 = towards a higher place or position) || surse || L sursum || IL sursum (= verso ab sub ad super, in alto).
 * up (pre. = from a lower to a higher point of) || sursu ||
 * up (a.1 = directed or moving towards a higher place or position) ||surso ||
 * ⬆ upward(s) (adv. = up; toward a higher place) || surse || L sursum || IL sursum (= verso ab sub ad super, in alto).
 * upright (a. = vertical) || vertiki-yo ||
 * uranium (n. radioactive metallic element) || urani || L uranium -i ||
 * Uranus (n. = seventh planet from the sun) || lu uran || L Uranus (&lt; Gr Ouranós) || IL Urano (= Deo Cælo, patre de Saturno; planeta, post Saturno, detecto ab Herschel, in anno 1781).
 * urinate (v.) || minga || L mingo [meio] -ere ||
 * urine (n.) || urini || L urina -ae ||
 * 🇺🇾 Uruguay (geo. = Oriental Republic of Uruguay) || lu uruguayo-landi || L Uraquaria, L Uruguaia, S Uruguay (República Oriental del Uruguay) ||
 * Uruguayan (geo. a.) || geo-uruguayo || L Uraquarius -ia -ium, S uruguayo -a.
 * us (pro.) || nosi || L nos, I noi ||.
 * us (pro. = to us, DATIVE) || pu nosi || L nobis (dat.) ||.
 * use (v.1 = do something with an object or adopt a method) || usa || L ūtor - ūtī (+ abl.), L adhibeō -ēre, L in ūsum vertō -ere, VL uso -āre || IL ute (= fac « usu »).
 * use (n.1 = act of using) || usa-yi || L usus -us, L utilita -atis.
 * use up (v. = consume the whole of) || konsuma || L absūmō –ere, L consūmō -ere ||
 * usual (a. = happening or done regularly or often) || sólito || L usitatus, L solitus –a -um, L consuetus, L cottidianus || IL solito (= que sole, assuefacto, ordinario, consueto).
 * useful (a.) || útilo || L ūtilis -e, L aptus -a -um, L commodus -a -um || IL utile (= quem pote ute).
 * usefulness (n.) || utilo-yi || L ūtilitās -ātis, L commoditās -ātis ||
 * useless (a.) || inútilo || L inūtilis -e, L inhabilis -e, L irritus -a -um, L vānus -a -um || IL inutile (= ne utile).
 * user (n.) || usatori, usa-pei ||
 * usual (a. = happening or done regularly or often) || sólito || L usitatus, L solitus –a -um, L consuetus, L cottidianus || IL solito (= que sole, assuefacto, ordinario, consueto).
 * usually (adv.) || usitate || L usitate, L vulgo, L plerumque, L fere || IL plure vice.
 * utmost (a. = most extreme) || maxime-extremo.
 * uttermost (a. = utmost) || maxime-extremo.
 * 🇺🇿 Uzbekistan (geo. = Republic of Uzbekistan) || lu uzbeko-landi || L Uzbecia, L Usbecia, L Uzbekistania, Uz Oʻzbekiston (Respublikasi), I Ro Uzbekistan, S Uzbekistán, G Usbekistan, F Ouzbékistan, Gr Ouzmpekistán, Tu Özbekistan ||
 * vaccine (n.) || vakcini || L vaccinum (lit. "from cows," originally the cowpox virus (variola) to prevent smallpox (E. Jenner, c. 1800); later to prevent other diseases (Pasteur)) &gt; I vaccino, F Ro Du vaccin, P vacina, S Ca vacuna, Da vaccine, Nw vaksine, Ru vaktsina; G Impfstoff; Gr embólio || IL vaccino (= (morbo) de vacca, substantia que inoculato, redde immune ab morbo variola et similes.), Eo vakcino.
 * 🧛🏻 vampire (n., from Hungarian vampir) || vampiri || L vampyrus, I S P vampiro, F Oc vampire, G Ro Ca Ru Sr Tu vampir, Sw Nw Da vampyr, Hu vámpír, Du vampier, Po wampir ||
 * varied (a.) || vario || L varius -a -um ||
 * 🇻🇦 Vatican City (State) (geo.) || lu vatikano(-vil) || L Vaticanum, L Status Cīvitātis Vaticanae, I Vaticano (Stato della Città del Vaticano).
 * Vatican (geo. a.) || geo-vatikano || L Vaticanus -a -um, S vaticano -a.
 * vegetable (n.) || vegetabli || LaL vegetabilis ||
 * vehicle (n.) || vehíkuli || L vehiculum -ī || IL vehiculo (= curru, quod servi ad vehe).
 * vein (n.) || veni || L vena -ae || IL vena (= canale de sanguine).
 * 🇻🇪 Venezuela (geo. = Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela) || lu venezuelo-landi || L Venetiola (Res publica Bolivariana Venetiolae), S Venezuela (República Bolivariana de Venezuela) ||
 * Venezuelan (geo. a.) || geo-venezuelo || L Venetiolanus -a -um, S venezolano -a.
 * velar (a. = of the soft palate) || palati-veli-yo ||
 * velum (n. = soft palate) || palati-veli || MoL velum palati || -.
 * Venus (n. = second planet from the sun) || lu venus || L Venus - Veneris || IL Venere (= dea de amore, de pulcritudine, de « venustate »).
 * verb (n. = word describing an action, state, or occurrence) || verbi || L vērbum -ī &gt; S verbo || IL verbo (= vocabulo cum flexiones grammaticale de persona, numero, tempore et modo).
 * verbal (a.) || verbalo, vokabli-yo || L verbālis &gt; I verbale, S F Ca verbal || IL verbale (= de verbo).
 * vernal (a. = of the season of spring) || primavero || L vernus, L vernalis || IL verno, IL vernale (= (æquinoctio) de ver).
 * verse (n.1 = writing arranged with a regular rhythm; n.2 = group of lines forming a unit in a poem or song) || versi || L versus -us ||
 * version (n.) || versioni || MeL versiō -ōnis, F version, S versión, Ca versió || IN Ie Ia version, Io Ro versiono, NL versione, Ui versiòn.
 * vertex (n.) || vértiki || L vertex -icis ||
 * vertical (a.) || vertiki-yo || L verticalis -e ||
 * very (adv.) || valde || L valdē (&lt; L validē); L admodum; L multum &gt; I molto, Ca Oc molt, P muito, S muy, Ro o multime de; F beaucoup || IL Ro valde (IL = multo, in modo valido).
 * very much (phr.) || plúrime || L plurimum ||
 * 🦺 vest (USA), waistcoat (n. = a close-fitting waist-length garment, typically having no sleeves …), gilet (from Tu yelek) || yeleki || L subucula, F Du Ru gilet, Tu yelek, S chaleco, Nw Da vest, Sw väst, G Weste, I panciotto, P colete, Ca armilla, ||
 * vice (n.) || vitii || L vitium –ī, L turpitudo, S vicio ||
 * ✌ victory (n.) || vinca-yi || L victōria -ae || IL victoria.
 * video (n.) || videi || I S Ro G Sw Du Da Nw Tu Ru Sr video, P Ca vídeo, F vidéo, Oc vidèo, Po wideo, Gr bínteo || Eo video.
 * Vienna (geo.) || lu vien || L Vindobona, L I Vienna, G Wien, S Viena, F Vienne, Gr Viénnih ||
 * 🇻🇳 Vietnam (geo. = Socialist Republic of Vietnam) || lu vietnamo-landi || L Vietnamia, Vi Việt Nam, I S G Ro Tu Vietnam, F Viêt Nam, Gr Bietnám ||
 * village (n. = small settlement in a country area) || viki || L vīcus –i, L pāgus -ī ||
 * villain (n., from F, from MeL villanus ‘farmhand’) || villani || S villano, P vilâo, I cattivo, F méchant, G Schurke, Du schurk, Sw skurk ||
 * violence (n.) || violento-yi || L violentia ||
 * violent (a.) || violento || L violens, L violentus ||
 * 🎻 violin (n. = musical instrument with four strings, played with a bow) || violini || L fidicula; L violina &gt; I violino, S violín, F violon ||
 * virgin (n.) || vírgini || L virgō –inis, L puella -ae ||
 * virtue (n.) || virtuti || L virtus -utis ||
 * 🦠 virus (n.) || viri || L vīrus -ī || IL viro (= veneno).
 * visit (v.) || visita || L vīsō –āre, L vīsitō –āre, L adeo -īre ||
 * visit (n.) || visita-yi || L aditus, L salutatio ||
 * visual (a.) || videa-yo, visualo || L visualis.
 * vocabulary (n.1 = the words used in a particular language or activity or known to a person; n.2 = list of words and their meanings) || vokabulari || L vocabulorum index, MeL vocābulārius, MeL vocābulārium ||
 * vocal (n.) || vokali || L littera vocalis ||
 * vocative (n.) || vokativi || L vocativus -i || IL vocativo (= casu grammaticale latino, que voca).
 * VOCATIVE (gram.) || te ||
 * voice (n.) || voci || L vōx - vōcis, L sonus -ī, Gr phoníh || IL voce (= sono emisso ab animale, sono, phrasi, vocabulo).
 * 🌋 volcano (n.) || vulkani || L mons ignifer, L mons ignivomus, L mons Vulcanius, L vulcanus (&lt; L Vulcanus "Vulcan," Roman god of fire) || IL vulcano (= monte que vomi igni).
 * 🤮 vomit (v. = bring up food from the stomach through the mouth) || vomita || L vomō -ere, L ēvomō -ere, L vomitō –āre &gt; I vomitare, S P Ca Oc vomitar, Ro vomita, F vomir || IL vome, IL vomita.
 * volume (n.1 = the amount of space occupied by something or encloused within a container) || volúmini || L volumen ||
 * volume (n.2 = amount or quantity) || qanto-yi || L magnitudo ||
 * volume (n.3 = degree of loudness) || soni-volúmini ||
 * volume (n.4 = book) || tomi || L tomus ||
 * vomit (n. = vomited food) || vómiti || L vomitus ||
 * vote (n.) || voti || L votum -i &gt; I S P voto, F vote, Ro Ca Oc vot ||
 * vote (v.) || vota || L censeo; L suffragium fero; I votare, S P Ca Oc votar, F voter, Ro vota ||
 * vow (v.) || vovea || L voveo -ere ||
 * vowel (n.) || vokali || L vocalis || IL vocale (= litera vocale, de voce: a, e, i, o, u).
 * voyage (n. = long journey by sea or in space) || mego-itíneri ||
 * wait (v.) || expekta || L exspectō -āre || IL exspecta.
 * waiting-room (n.) || expekta-cámeri ||
 * 🧇 waffle (n.2 = a small crisp batter cake, baked in a waffle iron and eaten hot with butter or syrup; from Du wafel) || waffli || Du wafel, G waffel, Nw Da vaffel, I P Tu waffle, F gaufre, S P gofre, Gr báfla, Ru baflya.
 * 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿 Wales (geo.) || lu kambrio-landi || L Cambria, L Wallia, Wa Cymru, S Gales.
 * 🚶 walk (v.) || ámbula, gradia || L incedō -ere, L ambulō -āre, L gradior - gradī || IL ambula (= i cum passu regulare), IL grade (= i, vade, incede, ambula).
 * walk (n.) || ambula-yi || L ambulatio, L incessus || -.
 * wall (n.1 = continuous upright structure forming a side of a building or room, or enclosing or dividing an area of land) || muri || L mūrus -ī &gt; I S P muro, F Ca Oc mur; Ro perete ||
 * wander (v.1 = walk or move in a leisurely or aimless way) || vaga || L errō –āre, L vagor -āri ||
 * want (v.1 = desire to have or do) || volea || L volō – vīs – vult - velle -uīsse, VL voleō -ēre &gt; I volere, Ca voler, Oc vòler, F vouloir; S P querer; Ro dori || IL vol.
 * want (v.2 = lack or be short of) || karea || L careo -ēre, L egeo -ēre, L indigeo -ēre (+ abl.) ||
 * want (n.1 = lack or shortage) || karea-yi || L egestas, L inopia, L penuria, L defectio ||
 * want (n.2 = desire) || kupia-yi || L desiderium, L cupido, L appetitus, L appetitio ||
 * war (n.) || belli || L bellum -i; I S P Ca guerra, F guerre; G Krieg, Sw Nw Da krig; Ru voina ||
 * warm (a.) || tépido || L calidus -a -um, L tepidus -a -um || IL tepido.
 * warmth (n.) || tepido-yi || L calor -ōris, L tepor -ōris || IL tepore (= calore dulce, calore insufficiente).
 * warrior (n. = brave or experienced fighter) || belli-pei || L miles –litis, L bellator || IL milite.
 * Warsaw (geo.) || lu varsav || L I Varsavia, L S Varsovia, Gr Varsovía, Po Warszawa, Ru Varshava, G Warschau, F Varsovie ||
 * wash (v.) || lava || L lavō -āre, L abluō -ere || IL lava, IL lue (= lava, solve, purga).
 * washing machine (n.) || lava-macini || S lavadora ||
 * 🐝 wasp (n.) || vespi || L vespa -ae || IL vespa (= Zool. « vespa vulgaris »).
 * watch (v.1 = look at attentively) || spekta || L vigilo –are; L specto –are; L custodio –ire; L observo -are ||
 * ⌚ watch (n.1 = small timepiece usu. worn on the wrist) || karpi-horologi ||
 * watch (n.2 = act of watching) || spekta-yi || L custodia -ae ||
 * watchman (n.) || spekta-pei || L vigil; L excubitor; L custōs -ōdis ||
 * 💧 water (n.) || aqi, hidri || L aqua -ae, L latex -icis, L lympha -ae || IL aqua, IL hydro-.
 * 🍉 watermelon (n.) || citrulli || L citrullus lanatus, G Wassermelone, Du watermeloen, Nw vassmelon, Da vandmelon, Sw vattenmelon, I anguria, S sandía, F pastèque, P melancia, Ca síndria, Gr karpoúzi, Ru arbuz || Eo akvomelono.
 * wave (n.) || undi || L unda -ae, L fluctus || IL unda.
 * way (n.1 = method or manner of doing something) || modi || L modus -ī || IL modo.
 * way (n.2 = road or path) || vi || L via -ae, L iter - itineris, VL via strata ‘paved road’ || IL via (= strata, itinere), IL strata (= via strato).
 * we (pro.) || nosi || L nōs (nom. &amp; acc.), P nós, F nous, I noi, S nosotros, Ca nosaltres; S P Ca nos, G uns, Du ons, Da os, Sw oss (object); || IL IN Ie noi, ER Ia Ro FN nos (IL = me et te, me et vos, me et illo), Eo ni(n), Io ni, NL nus, IG na.
 * weak (a.) || débilo || L infirmus, L debilis, L enervatus, L imbecillus, L invalidus || IL debile (= ne forte, ne habile), IL flebile (= debile, infirmo), IL imbecille (= debile, fragile, languido; stupido, stulto), IL infirmo (= ne firmo, debile, languido, ne valido, ægro).
 * weakness (n.) || debilo-yi || L debilitas -atis ||
 * wealth (n.) || opi(-rei) || L ops – opis; L divitiae -arum (pl.); L opulentia; L abundantia ||
 * wealthy (a.) || opi-yo, opulenti-yo || L opulentus; L dives; L locuples; L abundans ||
 * weapon (n.) || armi || L arma -ōrum (pl.), I S P Ca arma, F arme, G Waffen || IL arma.
 * wear (v. = have on the body as clothing, decoration, or protection) || gera || L gerō -ere ||
 * weasel (n.) || musteli || L mustela ||
 * weather (n.) || tempestati || L caelum, L tempestas ||
 * weave (v.) || texa || L texo -ere, L necto -ere || IL texe.
 * 🕷️ web (n.) || teli || L textura -ae, L textum -ī, L tela -ae || IL tela (= re quem texe, rete, panno ex filo de lino aut de cannabi), IL textura.
 * webpage (n.) || internet-págini || MoL pagina interretialis || -.
 * website (n.) || internet-situi || MoL situs interretialis (= collectio paginarum in interreti) || -.
 * wedding (n.) || nupti || L nuptiae -ārum ||.
 * Wednesday (n.) || merkuri-di || LaL Mercurii dies &gt; I Mercoledí, F Mercredi, Ro Miercuri, S Miércoles, Ca Dimecres, Oc Dimècres; P Quarta-feira || -.
 * week (n.1 = period of seven days) || septimani, hebdómadi || L hebdomas –adis; L septimana –ae &gt; I settimana, Ca Oc setmana, S P semana, F semaine, Ro saptamâna.
 * weekend (n. = Saturday and Sunday) || hebdo-fini (= fini du hebdómadi) || L fín de semana ||
 * weekly (a.) || septimani-yo || I settimanale, S P semanal, Ro săptămânal, Ca Oc setmanal; F hebdomadaire ||
 * 😭 weep (= shed tears) || plora || L fleō -ēre, L lacrimō -āre, L plorō -āre, Ca plorar, F pleurer, S llorar, L plangere, I piangere || IL plora (= fle, luge, lacrima, plange), IL plange (= plange pectore, lamenta, fle, plora), IL lacrima (= da lacrimas).
 * weeping (n.) || plora-yi || L flētus -ūs, L plōrātus -ūs, L lacrimae -ārum ||
 * weigh (v.) || pondera || L pendō -ere, L pondero -are, L pensō -āre ||
 * ⚖️ weight (n.) || pónderi || L pondus -eris ||
 * well (n. = vertical passage sunk into the ground to obtain water, oil, or gas) || putei || L puteus -i, L fons -ntis || IL puteo.
 * well (adv.) || bene || L benē, L rectē || IL bene (= in modo bono).
 * Welsh (geo. a.) || geo-kambrio || L Cambrensis -e.
 * 🧭➡️ west (n.) || okcidenti || L occidens -ntis, L occasus -ūs, I ovest, S P oeste, F ouest, Ca oest, G Du westen, Da vest, Sw vöster, Du G west, I S occidente, P ocidente, F Ca occident || IL occidente, Ie, Ia (IL = parte de terra, ubi sol cade), Eo ER okcidento, Io ocidento, Ro occidento, IG occidento mero, IN uest, Io westo, Ie Ia Ui west, NL veste, FN ueste.
 * western (a.) || okcidenti-yo ||
 * wet (a.) || úmido || L [h]ūmidus -a -um, L ūvidus -a -um, L madidus -a -um, L ūdus -a -um || IL humido (= que hume), IL umido, IL uvido, IL madido.
 * 🐋 whale (n.) || baleni || L bālaena -ae (&lt; Gr phálaina), L cētus -ī, S ballena, I Ca balena, F baleine, P baleia, G Walfisch, Sw valfisk, Du walvis, Da hval || IL balæna (= Zool. « balæna mysticetus »).
 * what (det.) || qo || L quis – quae - quid ||
 * what (int. pro.) || qo rei; qo lai (what fact) || L quid, L quidnam, S qué, P que, Ro ce, F quoi, Ca què, I che cosa, G was, Gr ti || IL que.
 * what (rel. pro.) || qodu || L quod, S lo que || IL quod.
 * whatever (pro.) || qodkumku || L quicquid, L quidquid, L quodcumque ||
 * wheat (n.) || trítiki || L triticum -i ||
 * wheel (n.) || roti || L rota -ae || IL rota.
 * 👨‍🦽 wheelchair (n.) || roti-selli || L sella rotalis ||
 * when (int. adv.) || qande || L I P quando, F quand, Ca quan, S cuándo, G wann || IL quando (= in quale tempore), NL quand, Ui kan, IG quo tem.
 * when (conj. = at the time that) || qandu || L cum, L quum, L ubi, L ut, L I P quando, F quand, Ca quan, S cuando || IL Ia quando (IL = in quale tempore), NL kand, Ui wan, Eo kiam, ER kvandu, IN kuande, Io kande, Ie quande, Ro cuande, FN cuando, Ia ubi, IG tem.
 * whence (adv. [formal] = from which or from where) || unde || L unde ||
 * where (adv.1 = in or to what place?) || ube || L ubī (&lt; cubi), L quā, S dónde || IL ubi (= in loco que, in quale loco).
 * where (rel.) || ubu || L quā, L ubī, F où, I dove, S donde, P onde, Ca on, Gr pei || IL Ia ubi (= in loco que, in quale loco), ER ubu, Io Ro ube, Ie u, FN do, Eo kie, NL vor, Ui wo, IG loco, IG topo.
 * whether (conj.) || qe || L seu, L sive, L an, L num ||
 * which (int. pro.) || qutro || L quis?, L qui?, L uter? || IL utro (= uno ex duo).
 * which (rel. pro.) || keu || L quī - quae - quod, [acc.] quem - quam - quod, S que || IL que, IL quem (acc.).
 * while (conj. = at the same time as) || dumu qandu || L dum, L quod, VL dum interim, I Ca mentre, S mientras (que), F pendant que, G wahrend || IL dum (= in idem tempore, quando, durante; usque quando).
 * whirl (v. = move rapidly round and round) || torkea || L torqueo –ēre, L intorqueo –ēre; L roto -āre ||
 * whirlwind (n. = column of air moving rapidly round and round) || túrbini || L turbo -inis ||
 * 🏳 white (a.) || albo || L albus -a –um; L candidus -a –um, We cann; Frank *blank &gt; F Ca blanc, S blanco, I bianco, P branco; G weiß, Da hvid, Du wit, Sw vit; Gr leukos; Gr argos || IL albo, Ia albe, IL candido (= que cande, albo), Eo Io blanka, ER blanke, IN blank, Ie Ia blanc, NL blanki, Ro FN blanca, IG leuco, Ui bij.
 * 👩‍🦳 white (hair) (a.) || albo || L canus -a -um || IL cano (= quasi albo (capillos aut pilos)).
 * who (int. pro.) || qo homi || L quis || IL que.
 * who (rel. pro.) || keu || L quī - quae - quod, [acc.] quem - quam - quod, S que || IL que, IL quem (acc.).
 * whoever (pro.) || qikumqi || L quīcumque – quaecumque - quodumque, L quisquis – quidquid – quodquod ||
 * whole (a.1 = complete; entire; a.2 = in one piece) || integro || L integer -gra -grum, L tōtus -a -um ||
 * whom (int. pro., dat.) || qo homi || L quibus (dat.) ||.
 * whose (rel.) || keyu || L cuius || Ro cuya.
 * whose (int.) || keye || L cuius ||
 * why (adv.) || qare || L cūr, L quārē, L quamobrem, I perché, S porqué, P por quê, Ca per què, F pourquoi || IL pro que causa, Ia proque, Ia perque, Eo pro kio, ER por kvo, Io Ie pro quo, NL pro quum, Ro pro cuo, FN per ce, Ui parkà.
 * wicked (a.1 = evil) || malo || L malus -a -um, L pravus –a -um, L improbus –a –um ||
 * wide (a.) || lato || L lātus -a -um, L amplus -a -um, L spatiōsus -a -um || IL lato, IL amplo (= largo, grande, abundante, spatioso, capace, copioso).
 * widow (n.) || feo-vidui || L vidua -ae || IL vidua (&lt; (di)vide).
 * widower (n.) || mao-vidui || L viduus vir || IL viduo (= diviso, privo, solo, sine uxore).
 * wife (n.) || uxori, feo-konjugi || L uxor -ōris, L marīta -ae, L cōniu[n]x -ugis, L mulier -eris || IL uxore, IL marita, IL sponsa, IL muliere.
 * wild (a.) || fero || L ferus -a -um, L silvestris, L ferox || IL silvestre.
 * wild beast (n.) || feri || L ferus -ī, L fera -ae ||
 * will (n.) || volea-yi || L voluntās -ātis, L libido, L auctoritās -ātis, L arbitrium || IL voluntate (= to vol).
 * will (aux.v. FUTURE) || ve …a ||
 * 🥀 wilt (v.) || pansa ||I appassire, S marchitar, P murchar, F se flétrir, Ca pansir, Gr maraíno ||
 * wind (n.) || venti || L ventus -ī &gt; I P vento, S viento, F Ca Oc vent, Ro vânt; L aura –ae; L flātus –ūs; L flābra -ōrum || IL vento.
 * window (n.) || fenestri || L fenestra -ae, L specularia -ae ||
 * 🍷 wine (n.) || vini || L vinum -ī &gt; I S vino, P vinho, F Oc vin, Ro vine, Ca vi || IL vino (= liquore ex uva, fructu de « vite »).
 * wing (n.) || ali, pteri || L ala -ae; Gr pteros ||
 * ❄️ winter (n. = the cold season between autumn and spring) || hiberni || L hiem(p)s -mis, L bruma -ae, VL (tempus) hibernum, F hiver, Ca hivern, Oc ivèrn, S invierno, I P inverno, Ro iarna, Sw Da vinter, G Du winter, Gr kheima, Lit žiema || IL hieme, Eo Io vintro, NL vintre, Ui vima, ER hivero, Ie hiverne, IG hiberna, Ia Ro hiberno, FN inverno, IN frigotemp, IG frigo-tem.
 * wipe (v.) || tergea || L tergeō -ēre, L dētergeō -ēre || IL terge (= « absterge », « deterge »).
 * wisdom (n.1 = the quality of being wise) || sapio-yi || L sapientia -ae ||
 * wise (a.1 = having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgement) || sapio || L sapiens, L sapidus, VL sapius ||
 * wish (v.) || kupia || L optō –āre; L cupio –ere; L volō – velle –uīsse; L desidero -āre || IL cupe, IL desidera, IL opta (= desidera, cupe, præfer, elige).
 * wish (n.) || opta-yi, kupia-yi || L optatio, L optatum; L desiderium; L voluntas -atis || IL cupidine (= to cupe, deo de amore), IL cupiditate (= to cupe), IL desiderio (= to desidera, appetentia, inclinatione, aspiratione), IL optione (= ton opta), IL volutante (= to vol).
 * witness (n. = person who sees an event take place) || testimoni || L testis -is, L testimonium, L arbiter, S testigo ||
 * with (pre.) || konu || L cum, L apud, L penes, L in, I S con || IL cum (= ne sine, habente, simul).
 * without (pre.) || sinu || L sine &gt; S sin, P sem, I senza, Ca sense, F sans; L absque [+ abl.]; G ohne || IL sine (= ne cum), Eo Io sen, ER sinu, IN sine, Ie NL Ia FN sin, Ui ane, IG minus, IG syn zero.
 * 🐺 wolf (n.) || lupi || L lupus -ī, I lupo, S P lobo, F loup, Ro lup, Oc lop, Ca llop, Gr lýkos, G Du wolf, Da Nw ulv, Sw varg, Ru volk || IL Eo lupo (= Zool. « canis lupus »), Io volfo.
 * 👩 woman (n. = adult human female) || fémini || L fēmina -ae &gt; I femmina, Oc femna, F femme, Ro femeie; L mulier -eris &gt; P mulher, S mujer; L domina (‘mistress, lady’) &gt; Ca dona || IL femina, IL muliere (= uxore, femina, domina, sponsa).
 * wonder (v.1 = want to know something) || skia-volea || L scire velim ||
 * wonder (v.2 = feel amazement and admiration) || mira || L mīror -ārī, L mirō -āre ||
 * wonder (n.1 = amazement and admiration) || mira-yi ||
 * wonderful (a. = very good or remarkable) || mirablo || L mīrābilis -e, S maravilloso, P maravilhoso, I meraviglioso, F merveilleux, Ca Oc meravellós, Ro minunat ||
 * wood (n.) || ligni || L lignum -ī || IL ligno.
 * wool (n.) || lani || L I S lana, F laine, P lã, Ca llana, G Wolle, Du wol, Sw ull, Da uld, Ru volna || IL lana.
 * 🥴 woozy (a. = unsteady, dizzy, or dazed) || instábilo ||
 * word (n.1 = single meaningful unit of language, used with others to form sentences) || vokabli || L verbum –ī; L vocābulum -ī &gt; I vocabolo, P vocábulo, S vocablo, F Ca Oc vocable, Ro vocabula; L nōmen –inis; L dictum –ī; VL parabola (&lt; Gr parabolíh “parable”) &gt; S palabra (&lt; VL parabla), P palavra (&lt; paravla), Ca Oc paraula, I parola F parole; Ro cuvânt; F Ca mot; Ru slovo || IL verbo, IL Ia vocabulo, Ro vocábulo, Ia parola, Eo Io vorto.
 * work (v.1 = do work as a job) || labora || L labōrō -āre || IL labora (= fac labore), IL opera (= fac opere).
 * work (v.2 = function properly) || opera || L operor -ārī || IL opera (= fac opere).
 * work (n.1 = activity involving mental or physical effort, esp. as a means of earning money) || labori, óperi || L opera -ae, L opus - operis || IL labore (= opera, onere, pœna), IL opera.
 * worker (n.) || labora-pei || L operarius, L opifex || IL operario.
 * workman (n. = man emplyed to do manual work) || fabri || L faber -brī ||
 * 🌐 world (n.1 = the earth with all its countries and peoples) || mundi || L mundus -ī &gt; S P mundo, I mondo, F monde, Ca Oc món; L orbis -is, L orbis terrārum/terrae; Ro lume; L cosmos (from Gr kosmos "order, orderly arrangement; the universe, the world") || IL mundo (= terra, universo, cosmo; gente, populo, homines, societate); IG cosmi.
 * 🐛 worm (n.) || vermi || L vermis -is, L vermiculus -ī, I verme, F ver, G Wurm, Da orm, Du worm, S gusano, P bicho, Ca cuc || IL Ie NL FN verme, IN Ui verm, Eo Io Ro vermo, IG vermi.
 * worse (a.) || pejoro (= mage malo) || L peior -ius, L dēterior -ius || IL pejore (= plus malo).
 * worst (a.) || péssimo (= maxime malo) || L pessimus -a -um, L extrēmus -a -um, L ultimus -a -um || IL pessimo (= multo malo).
 * worthiness (n.) || digno-yi || L meritum; L dignitās -ātis ||
 * worthy (a.1 = deserving effort, attention, or respect) || digno || L dignus -a -um, L condignus -a -um || Io Ro digna.
 * wound (v.) || vulnera || L vulnerō -āre, L sauciō -āre || IL vulnera (= da vulnere, feri).
 * wound (n.) || vúlneri || L vulnus -eris, L plāga -ae || IL vulnere.
 * wrap (v.) || involva || L involvō -ere, L obvolvō -ere ||
 * wrapper (n.) || involukri || L involucrum -i ||
 * 🤼🏾 wrestle (v.1 = take part in a fight, …, that involves grappling with one's opponent and trying to throw or force them to the ground) || lukta || L luctor -ari, S luchar, Ca lluitar ||
 * wretched (a.1 = very unhappy or unfortunate) || misero || L miser -era -erum ||
 * wrist (n. = the joint connecting the hand and forearm) || karpi || L carpus (&lt; Gr karpós), MoL carpālis; I polso, P pulso, Du pols; F poignet; S muñeca; G Handgelenk, Da håndled, Sw handled || Eo pojno, Io karpo, Ia carpo, Ro carpalo ||
 * ✍️ write (v.) || skriba || L scribō -ere, L perscribo -ere || IL scribe.
 * writer (n.) || skriba-pei || L scrīptor -ōris || IL scriptore.
 * writing (n.) || skriba-yi || L scriptio -onis, L scriptum -I, L scriptura -ae ||
 * wrong (a.) || pravo || L prāvus -a -um, L perversus -a -um, L vitiōsus -a -um, L falsus -a -um, L iniūstus -a -um || IL pravo (= distorto, perverso, malo, vitioso, iniquo), IL injusto (= ne justo), IL perverso (= improbo, pravo, malo, iniquo, scelerato, infame, quem perverte).
 * 🧶 yarn (n.) || rota-filati || I filato, S hilo, F fil textile ||
 * 🥱 yawn (v.) || óscita || L oscitō -āre || IL oscita.
 * year (n.) || anni || L annus -ī || IL anno.
 * yearly (a.) || anni-yo || L annalis, L annuus, L annuarius ||
 * 🟨 yellow || flavo || L flāvus -a -um, L lūteus -a -um, L croceus -a -um || IL flavo (= colore viride-aureo, de grano maturo, de Tiberi, de melle).
 * 🇾🇪 Yemen (geo. = Republic of Yemen) || lu yemeno-landi || L Iemenia (Res publica Yemenita), Ar al-Yaman (al-Jumhūriyyah al-Yamaniyyah), I S P Yemen, P Iémen, G Jemen, Gr Yeménih ||
 * yes (excl. expressing agreement or consent) || se || L ita, L ita est, L recte, L immo, L sānē, L certē, VL hoc, Oc oc, F oui (/wi/, from&lt; L hoc ille), S Ca sí, P sim, I sì, F si (&lt; L sic), G Du Sw Da Nw ja || IL sic (= ita, in ce modo), IL ita (= sic, in isto modo), ER IN Ia FN si, Ro sic, Eo jes, Io Ie NL yes, Ui aj, IG verito.
 * yesterday (adv.) || herie || L heri &gt; I ieri, F hier, S ayer; P ontem || IL heri.
 * 🧘‍♀‍ yoga (n. = a Hindu spiritual and ascetic discipline, a part of which, including breath control, simple meditation, and the adoption of specific bodily postures, is widely practised for health and relaxation; from Sanskrit, literally ‘union’) || yogi || L P Ca ioga, Oc iòga, S I Ro G Du Nw Da Sw Tu Ru yoga, Sr Po joga, Gr giógka, ||
 * yoke (n.) || jugi || L iugum ||
 * you (pro. sing.) || ti || L tū (nom.), tē (acc., abl.), S tú (nom.) || IL te, IL tu (nom.), IG tu.
 * you (pro. plur.) || vosi || L vōs (nom. &amp; acc.) || IL vos, IG tu.
 * you (pro. sing. = to you, DATIVE) || pu ti || L tibi (dat.) ||.
 * you (pro. plur. = to you, DATIVE) || pu vosi || L vobis (dat.) ||.
 * 👩 young (a.) || júveno || L iuvenis -is, L parvus -a -um, L īnfāns -ntis, L adulēscēns -ntis || IL juvene (= anti sene), IG pedio.
 * young (animal) (a.) || pullo || L pullus -ī || IL pullo (= juvene animale; juvene gallo).
 * youngster (n.) || juveno-pei || S joven || IG PEDIO-PE.
 * your (a. sing.) || tiyu || L tuus -a -um, I il tuo, S tu, P teu – tua, Ca teu - teva || IL tuo (= de te), IG tu, IG de tu.
 * your (a. plur.) || vosu || L vester -tra -trum, I il vostro, S vuestro –a, P vosso -a || IL vestro (= de vos), IG tu, IG de tu.
 * yours (pos. pro. sing.) || ti-yo || L tuus -a -um || IL tuo (= de te).
 * yours (pos. pro. plur.) || vosi-yo || L vester -tra -trum || IL vestro (= de vos).
 * youth (n.) || juveno-yi || L iuventūs -ūtis, L iuventās -ātis, L iuventa -ae, L adulēscentia -ae || IL juventute, IG pedio.
 * 🪀 yo-yo, yoyo (n., probably from a language of the Philippines) || yoyói || I F S Ro Cr yo-yo, Nw Da Tu yoyo, G Sr jo-jo, Du Po jojo, P ioiô, Ca io-io, Gr giogió ||
 * 🇿🇲 Zambia (geo. = Republic of Zambia) || lu zambio-landi || L Zambia ||
 * 🤪 zany (a. = amusingly unconventional and idiosyncratic) || morólogo || L morologus, I buffo, F loufoque, S cómico ||
 * 🦓 zebra (n.) || zebri || L zebra ||
 * 0️⃣ zero (n.) || zeri || I P F Ca Oc zero, S cero, Ro nula, G null, Sw nolla || IG zero.
 * 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe (geo. = Republic of Zimbabwe) || lu zimbabwo-landi || L Zimbabua ||
 * zinc (n.) || zinki || MoL zincum ||
 * 🧟 zombie (n. = a corpse said to be revived by witchcraft a corpse said to be revived by witchcraft, …; of West African origin) || zombi ||
 * zone (n. = an area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic, purpose, or use, or subject to particular restrictions; from L zona ‘girdle’, from Gr zōnē) || zoni || S zona || IG zona.
 * 🦍 zoo (n. short for zoological garden or zoological park) || zoi-parki || L hortus zoologicus, L virid(i)arium zoologicum, Gr zoologikós kíh,pos, Gr zoologikó párko, I S P F Ca G Sw Da Nw Du zoo, S P zoológico, Ca zoològic, I giardino zoologico, I parco zoologico, F parc zoologique, F jardin zoologique, Ro gradina zoologica, G zoologischer Garten, Da zoologisk have, Nw zoologisk hage, Sw zoologisk trädgård, Du dierentuin, Du dierenpark, Sw djurpark, Nw dyrehage, Sr zoološki vrt, Ru zoopark, Ru zoologíchesky párk || Eo zoo, Eo zoologia ĝardeno, Eo bestoĝardeno.
 * zoology (n. = the scientific study of the behaviour, structure, physiology, classification, and distribution of animals) || zoologi || L zoologia -ae, S zoología || IG zoa logo.

Xavi Abadia, 15 October 2021.