Whag

Whag was the language of the Pencils and many other species/civilizations in the central regions of the Pencilcosmos, before they adopted The Pencil Language. Whag is directly descended from Proto-Central, and thus shares many traits with it.

Classification and Dialects
Whag is divided into 2 main dialects: the Wofian dialect and the Freeglian dialect*. Although they are (usually) classified as separate dialects, the dialects are relatively similar to each other.

* The status of the dialect is controversial

Vowels
* These sounds are only present in certain dialects.

Phonotactics
Although Whag is still relatively strict on consonant clusters, it is more lenient than its predecessor, Proto-Central.

Allowed consonant clusters (note that "j" represents /j/):

(C)j

(C)w

Stress is always on the penultimate syllable (this does not apply to loanwords).

Nouns
Nouns take some marking, and decline according to person, definiteness, and number.

Noun marking will be shown via the word "hau" (realm/-verse/place): The indefinite article evolved from a postposition in Proto-Central meaning "there".

Nouns have 3 numbers: singular (unmarked), dual, and plural. This will be demonstrated via the noun "wagap" (pencil/creature): If a number greater than 2 is directly specified (as in "wagap bu", meaning "eight pencils"), affixes showing grammatical number disappear.

Verbs
Verbs conjugate according to tense, aspect, and voice. Verbs inflect for one case.

Verb conjugation will be shown via the word "shji" (create): * These are irregular forms, verbs ending with "ji" usually exhibit irregularity.

Copula
Just like in Proto-Central, the copula (ja) is suffixed onto the verb to show that it definitely happened. Later on, the copula also was used to create stative verbs and was also affixed onto descriptive nouns. The copula can also be added to show emphasis.

Relative Clauses
Relative clauses are formed by putting the verb before the noun, just like in Proto-Central. The object goes before the verb (if there is one).

Adjectives
Adjectives take no marking.

Most adjectives (excluding the basic ones, such as "good", "bad", "many", "few", etc.) are derived from verbs, such as "soshjas" ("smart") and "roshjas" (dumb/stupid), although a few are derived from nouns, such as "hajakja" (peaceful/peace), "hesokja" (voidlike/void), and "hakja" (time-like/spreading).

Some adjectives and their corresponding nouns share the same form.

Conjunctions
Whag has 3 conjunctions: "and", "or", and "but".

Lexicon
Whag/Lexicon