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| Abrugoan Abrukō | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Synthetic | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Active-Stative | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Initial | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| Yes | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| 3~9 | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
Phonology 
Edit
Consonants Edit
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain | Labial | Plain | Labial | Plain | Labial | Plain | Labial | Plain | Labial | ||||
| Plosive | Voiceless | p /p/ | t /t/ | tʷ /tʷ/ | k /k/ | kʷ /kʷ/ | q /q/ | qʷ /qʷ/ | ' /ʔ/ | 'ʷ /ʔʷ/ | |||
| Aspirate | b /pʰ/ | d /tʰ/ | |||||||||||
| Ejective | p' /p'/ | t' /t'/ | k' /k'/ | kʷ' /kʷ'/ | q' /q'/ | qʷ' /qʷ'/ | |||||||
| Nasal | Plain | m /m/ | n /n/ | nʷ /nʷ/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | ŋʷ /ŋʷ/ | ṇ /ɴ/ | ṇʷ /ɴʷ/ | |||||
| Glottalic | m' /mˀ/ | n' /nˀ/ | nʷ' /nʷˀ/ | ||||||||||
| Fricative | s /s/ | sʷ /sʷ/ | h /x/ | hʷ /xʷ/ | ḥ /χ/ | ḥʷ /χʷ/ | h̤ /ħ/ | ||||||
| Approximant | Plain | y /j/ | r /ɰ/ | rʷ /ɰʷ/ | ṛ /ʕ/ | ṛʷ /ʕʷ/ | |||||||
| Lateral | l /l/ | ||||||||||||
| Glottalic | l' /lˀ/ | y' /jˀ/ | |||||||||||
Vowels Edit
| Oral | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| Closed | i /i/ | ɨ /ɨ/ | u /ɯ/ |
| Mid | ə /ə/ | ||
| Open | a /ɐ/ |
Phonotactics.
Syllable Structure Edit
Consonant Clustering (Morphophonology) Edit
Syllable Distribution Edit
Stress Edit
Orthography Edit
Morphology Edit
Declension Edit
Class and Case Edit
Syntactic Roles
| Animate | Natural | Artificial | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active | -ak | -el | -m |
| Stative | -aghi, -gī | -elir, -ili, -ilit | -umo |
Relation and Form
| Humans | Animals, Plants | Nature, Natural Forces | Abstractions | Flat Objects | Round/Circular Objects | Long, Tall Objects | Short Objects | Flowing Objects | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genitive | -afi | -siyr | -mawhe | -mot | -kim | -koh | -anho | ||
| Instrumental | -an | -rit | -afie | -moyr | -eb | -khoi | |||
| Dative | -atih | -tī | -āp | -mū | -mē | -oeŋ | |||
| Benefactive | -ar | -di | -opi | -mue | -mib | -akki | |||
| Comitative | -un | -iri | -nwep | -omn | -wik | -uhē | |||
| Causal | -ku | -si | -ut | -km | -woni | -utet | |||
| Semblative | -uakhi | -eusi | -nwesō | -moem | -uy | -uyik |
Location and Direction
| Adessive/Locative | |
|---|---|
| Inessive | |
| Extrative | |
| Superessive | |
| Subessive | |
| Allative | |
| Ablative | |
| Vialis | |
| Illative | |
| Elative | |
| Superlative | |
| Sublative | |
| Delative | |
| Infralative | |
| Preterlative | |
| Circumlative | |
| Prolative | |
| Subterlative |
Time
Definiteness Edit
| Animate | Inanimate | |
|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | e- | |
| Definite | a- | i- |
Conjugation Edit
Person Edit
| Self | 2nd Person | 3rd Person | 2nd +3rd Person | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | -koo | |||
| 2nd Person | ||||
| 3rd Person |
Aspect Edit
| Perfective | |
|---|---|
| Continuous | |
| Habitual | |
| Inchoative | |
| Terminative | |
| Pausative | |
| Resumptive |
Evidentiality Edit
Mirativity Edit
Derivation Edit
Pronouns Edit
Personal Pronouns Edit
| Animate | Inanimate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | ||||
| Self | Osi | |||
| w/ 2nd Person | Osku | |||
| w/ 3rd Person | Osm | |||
| w/ 2nd + 3rd Person | Soka | |||
| 2nd Person | ||||
| Self | ||||
| General | Kuwa | |||
| Paternal | Eta | |||
| Maternal | Ighra | |||
| Fraternal | Haak | |||
| Sororal | Aheq | |||
| w/ 2nd Person | Wawa | |||
| w/ 3rd Person | Aku | |||
| 3rd Person | ||||
| Self | ||||
| General | Mka | Na | ||
| Paternal | ||||
| Maternal | ||||
| Fraternal | ||||
| Sororal | ||||
| w/ 3rd Person | Umam | |||
Demonstrative Pronouns Edit
Reciprocal Pronouns Edit
Reflexive Pronouns Edit
Interrogative Pronouns Edit
Determiners Edit
Demonstratives Edit
Quantifiers Edit
Auxiliaries Edit
Syntax Edit
Clause Structure Edit
Subordinate Clauses Edit
Noun Clause Edit
Relative Clause Edit
Adverbial Clause Edit
Infinitive Clause Edit
Noun Phrase Edit
Verb Phrase Edit
Adpositional Phrase Edit
Negation Edit
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