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Aglag' აეციაექი | |||
---|---|---|---|
Type | |||
~ | |||
Alignment | |||
nom-acc | |||
Head direction | |||
final | |||
Tonal | |||
No | |||
Declensions | |||
Yes | |||
Conjugations | |||
Yes | |||
Genders | |||
No | |||
Nouns decline according to... | |||
Case | Number | ||
Definiteness | Gender | ||
Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
Voice | Mood | ||
Person | Number | ||
Tense | Aspect |
General information
Phonology
Consonants
Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||||
Plosive | b | d t | k g | ʔ | |||||
Fricative | ɸ | f v | θ ð | s z | ʂ | ɕ | x ɣ | h | |
Affricate | ʧ ʤ | ||||||||
Approximant | β | ʋ | j | ||||||
Trill | r | ||||||||
Flap or tap | ɾ | ||||||||
Lateral app. | l |
/ʔ/ is romanized as ' if it's in a digraph, if it's not in a digraph or at the beginning of a word, it's romanized as ḥ . it always occurs before a vowel if the word is vowel initial.
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i y | ɨ | u |
Close-mid | ɛ ø | o | |
Mid | ə | ||
Open-mid | æ | ʌ ɔ | |
Open | a | ɑ ɒ |
all vowels can be iotized and enlounged (there's short and long).
(iotization of a for example, intial ia, final ai, both iai)
(enlounging off a for example, short a, long a:)
Alphabet
ipa | roman | georgian |
---|---|---|
m | m | ღ |
n | n | ო |
ɲ | ṃ | ღი |
ŋ | ṇ | ოი |
b | b | ნ |
d | d | ფ |
t | t | თ |
k | k | ვ |
g | g | ე |
ʔ | ' / ḥ | ქი |
ɸ | p | გ / ნი |
f | f | კ |
v | v | ბ / კი |
θ | ṭ | თი |
ð | ḍ | ფი |
s | s | მ |
ʂ | z | შ |
ɕ | ṣ | მი |
x | x | უ |
ɣ | x̣ | უი |
h | h | ქ |
ʧ | ẓ | ში |
ʤ | j | ძ |
β~ʋ | w | ლ |
j | y | ყ |
r~ɾ | r | ც |
l | l | ცი |
i | i |
ა აჰ |
ɛ | e | |
æ | é | |
a | a | |
ə | è | დ |
y | ü |
პ პჰ |
ø | ë | |
ʌ | à | |
ɑ | á | |
ɨ | ÿ | რ |
u | u |
ჴ ჴჰ |
o | ó | |
ɔ | o | |
ɒ | ò | |
vowel initial iotization | (ṿ) | vი |
vowel final iotization | (v| / vṿ) | vხ |
vowel double length | (vv) | vს |
a group one non-abstract vowel does not need to have the vowel mark before the enloungment,
ას > ს
აჰ > ჰს
this is not possible for iotization.
Phonotactics
aglag' syllables are of a CV(C)(C) stucture, if a word starts on a vowel, there's always a /ʔ/ in front of it.
nouns cannot end on a syllable with an enlounged vowel. (due to declensions)
the syllable Cʔ is allowed allowed.
Grammar
First off i shall explain the vowel groups,
most of the grammar in aglag' happens by changing the base vowels. their class does not get changed, though their group can be changed. the classes are also consedered genders, they are, animate, inanimate and abstract. groups 1, 2 and 3 are used for grammar.
group 1 | group 2 | group 3 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
animate | i e | ა | ü ë | პ | u ó | ჴ |
abstract | è | დ | è | დ | ÿ | რ |
inanimate | é a | ა(ჰ) | à á | პ(ჰ) | o ò | ჴ(ჰ) |
Nouns
case | example aglag' | example აეციაექი | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | group 1 | aglag' | აეციაექი |
dative | group 2 | aglág' | აეციპექი |
accusative | group 3 | aglòg | აეციჴექი |
vocative | group 1 long | aglaag' | აეციასექი |
locative | group 2 long | agláág' | აეციპსექი |
initiative | group 2 + (v)h' | aglág'áh' | აეციპექიჴქქი |
terminative | group 2 + (v)g | aglág'ág | აეციპექიჴე |
instrumental | group 3 long | aglòòg' | აეციჴსექი |
inst cumla | group 3 + (v)ḍ | aglòg'òḍ | აეციჴექიჴფი |
inst abses | group 3 long + (v)b | aglòòg'òb | აეციჴსექიჴნ |
genitive | group 1 + (v)n | aglag'an | აეციაექიაო |
Verbs
most transative verbs | intimate | formal | example intimate | example formal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present
|
simple | ḍir | ფიაც | ḍir | ფიაც | ilmiḍir | აციღფიაც | ilmiḍir | აციღფიაც |
perfect | ḍis | ფიამ | ḍiris | ფიაცამ | ilmiḍis | აციღფიამ | ilmiḍiris | აციღფიაცამ | |
terminative | ḍüs | ფიპმ | ḍirüs | ფიაცპმ | ilmiḍüs | აციღფიპმ | ilmiḍirüs | აციღფიაცპმ | |
continuous | ḍiin | ფისო | ḍirin | ფიაცაო | ilmiḍiin | აციღფისო | ilmiḍirin | აციღფიაცაო | |
iterative | ḍịn | ფიაიო | ḍirun | ფიაცჴო | ilmiḍịn | აციღფიაიო | ilmiḍirun | აციღფიაცჴო | |
gnomic | ḍuuṇ | ფიჴსოი | ḍuruṇ | ფიჴცჴოი | ilmiḍuuṇ | აციღფიჴსოი | ilmiḍuruṇ | აციღფიჴცჴოი | |
habitual | ḍudu | ფიფჴ | ḍudurṇ | ფიფჴცოი | ilmiḍudu | აციღფიფჴ | ilmiḍudurṇ | აციღფიფჴცოი | |
initiative | ḍurn | ფიჴცო | ḍụrn | ფიჴიცო | ilmiḍurn | აციღფიჴცო | ilmiḍụrn | აციღფიჴიცო | |
-ḍir verbs | intimate | formal | example intimate | example formal | |||||
future
|
simple | ḍà' | ფიპჰქი | ḍàràn | ფიპჰცპო | ilmiḍà' | აციღფიპჰქი | ilmiḍàràn | აციღფიპჰცპო |
perfect | ḍàs | ფიპჰმ | ḍàràj | ფიპჰცპძ | ilmiḍàs | აციღფიპჰმ | ilmiḍàràj | აციღფიპჰცპძ | |
terminative | ḍààs | ფიპჰსმ | ḍàrày | ფიპჰცპყ | ilmiḍààs | აციღფიპჰსმ | ilmiḍàrày | აციღფიპჰცპყ | |
continuous | ṭiṃ | თიღი | ḍàtir | ფიპჰთც | ilmiṭiṃ | აციღთიღი | ilmiḍàtir | აციღფიპჰთც | |
iterative | ṣim | მიაღ | ḍàtiṣ | ფიპჰთმი | ilmiṣim | აციღმიაღ | ilmiḍàtiṣ | აციღფიპჰთმი | |
gnomic | liin | ცისო | làdin | ციპჰფო | ilmiliin | აციღცისო | ilmilàdin | აციღციპჰფო | |
habitual | làṇ | ციპჰოი | làṭiṇ | ციპჰთიოი | ilmilàṇ | აციღციპჰოი | ilmilàṭiṇ | აციღციპჰთიოი | |
initiative | xàn | უპჰო | làxàrn | ციპჰუპცო | ilmixàn | აციღუპჰო | ilmilàxàrn | აციღციპჰუპცო |
most intransative verbs | intimate | formal | example intimate | example formal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present
|
simple | ma' | ma'am | ||||||
perfect | nam | na'am | |||||||
terminative | naam | naraam | |||||||
continuous | nàn | nàr | |||||||
iterative | |||||||||
gnomic | am | aram | |||||||
habitual | anàm | aḥàṇ | |||||||
initiative | ààn | an'ààm | |||||||
-ma' | intimate | formal | example intimate | example formal | |||||
future
|
simple | mi | m'nim | ||||||
perfect | mis | minis | |||||||
terminative | m'lu | mu'las | |||||||
continuous | lu | ||||||||
iterative | luu | muruụ | |||||||
gnomic | ar | raḥa | |||||||
habitual | àr | rà | |||||||
initiative | ààr | aan |
most reflexive verbs | intimate | formal | example intimate | example formal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present
|
simple | ||||||||
perfect | |||||||||
terminative | |||||||||
continuous | |||||||||
iterative | |||||||||
gnomic | |||||||||
habitual | |||||||||
initiative | |||||||||
-ṣèm | intimate | formal | example intimate | example formal | |||||
future
|
simple | ||||||||
perfect | |||||||||
terminative | |||||||||
continuous | |||||||||
iterative | |||||||||
gnomic | |||||||||
habitual | |||||||||
initiative |
Syntax
Vocabulary
No. | English | |
---|---|---|
1 | I | — |
2 | you (singular) | — |
3 | he | — |
4 | we | — |
5 | you (plural) | — |
6 | they | — |
7 | this | — |
8 | that | — |
9 | here | — |
10 | there | — |
11 | who | — |
12 | what | — |
13 | where | — |
14 | when | — |
15 | how | — |
16 | not | — |
17 | all | — |
18 | many | — |
19 | some | — |
20 | few | — |
21 | other | — |
22 | one | — |
23 | two | — |
24 | three | — |
25 | four | — |
26 | five | — |
27 | big | — |
28 | long | — |
29 | wide | — |
30 | thick | — |
31 | heavy | — |
32 | small | — |
33 | short | — |
34 | narrow | — |
35 | thin | — |
36 | woman | — |
37 | man (adult male) | — |
38 | man (human being) | — |
39 | child | — |
40 | wife | — |
41 | husband | — |
42 | mother | — |
43 | father | — |
44 | animal | — |
45 | fish | — |
46 | bird | — |
47 | dog | — |
48 | louse | — |
49 | snake | — |
50 | worm | — |
51 | tree | — |
52 | forest | — |
53 | stick | — |
54 | fruit | — |
55 | seed | — |
56 | leaf | — |
57 | root | — |
58 | bark | — |
59 | flower | — |
60 | grass | — |
61 | rope | — |
62 | skin | — |
63 | meat | — |
64 | blood | — |
65 | bone | — |
66 | fat | — |
67 | egg | — |
68 | horn | — |
69 | tail | — |
70 | feather | — |
71 | hair | — |
72 | head | — |
73 | ear | — |
74 | eye | — |
75 | nose | — |
76 | mouth | — |
77 | tooth | — |
78 | tongue | — |
79 | fingernail | — |
80 | foot | — |
81 | leg | — |
82 | knee | — |
83 | hand | — |
84 | wing | — |
85 | belly | — |
86 | guts | — |
87 | neck | — |
88 | back | — |
89 | breast | — |
90 | heart | — |
91 | liver | — |
92 | drink | — |
93 | eat | — |
94 | bite | — |
95 | suck | — |
96 | spit | — |
97 | vomit | — |
98 | blow | — |
99 | breathe | — |
100 | laugh | — |
101 | see | — |
102 | hear | — |
103 | know | — |
104 | think | — |
105 | smell | — |
106 | fear | — |
107 | sleep | — |
108 | live | — |
109 | die | — |
110 | kill | — |
111 | fight | — |
112 | hunt | — |
113 | hit | — |
114 | cut | — |
115 | split | — |
116 | stab | — |
117 | scratch | — |
118 | dig | — |
119 | swim | — |
120 | fly | — |
121 | walk | — |
122 | come | — |
123 | lie | — |
124 | sit | — |
125 | stand | — |
126 | turn | — |
127 | fall | — |
128 | give | — |
129 | hold | — |
130 | squeeze | — |
131 | rub | — |
132 | wash | — |
133 | wipe | — |
134 | pull | — |
135 | push | — |
136 | throw | — |
137 | tie | — |
138 | sew | — |
139 | count | — |
140 | say | — |
141 | sing | — |
142 | play | — |
143 | float | — |
144 | flow | — |
145 | freeze | — |
146 | swell | — |
147 | sun | — |
148 | moon | — |
149 | star | — |
150 | water | — |
151 | rain | — |
152 | river | — |
153 | lake | — |
154 | sea | — |
155 | salt | — |
156 | stone | — |
157 | sand | — |
158 | dust | — |
159 | earth | — |
160 | cloud | — |
161 | fog | — |
162 | sky | — |
163 | wind | — |
164 | snow | — |
165 | ice | — |
166 | smoke | — |
167 | fire | — |
168 | ash | — |
169 | burn | — |
170 | road | — |
171 | mountain | — |
172 | red | — |
173 | green | — |
174 | yellow | — |
175 | white | — |
176 | black | — |
177 | night | — |
178 | day | — |
179 | year | — |
180 | warm | — |
181 | cold | — |
182 | full | — |
183 | new | — |
184 | old | — |
185 | good | — |
186 | bad | — |
187 | rotten | — |
188 | dirty | — |
189 | straight | — |
190 | round | — |
191 | sharp | — |
192 | dull | — |
193 | smooth | — |
194 | wet | — |
195 | dry | — |
196 | correct | — |
197 | near | — |
198 | far | — |
199 | right | — |
200 | left | — |
201 | at | — |
202 | in | — |
203 | with | — |
204 | and | — |
205 | if | — |
206 | because | — |
207 | name | — |