Akëla

Akëla
Type	Fusional
Alignment	Nominative-Accusative
Head direction	Head-Initial
Tonal	No
Declensions	Yes
Conjugations	Yes
Genders	None
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect
Meta-information
Progress	95%
Statistics Nouns 98% Verbs 100% Adjectives 100% Syntax 98% Words 42 of 1500
Creator	Sgt Haleakala

Classification and Dialects

It is one of the many rich and vibrant languages of the planet Jaalvar, which is known by the Akëli tribe as Fosena. Akëla is believed to be a language isolate.

Culture

Mythology

Legend has it that the language descended down from the heavens on Creation Day. It was gifted to mortals from Nalëkilë, the god of languages.

Kinship

Kinship
																					Mama (Grandmother)		Mama (Grandfather)				Mama (Grandmother)		Mama (Grandfather)
Ma (Uncles Wife)		Ma (Uncle)		Ma (Uncles Wife)		Ma (Uncle)		Ma (Uncles Wife)		Ma (Uncle)		Ma (Aunts husband)		Ma (Aunt)		Ma (Aunts husband)		Ma (Aunt)		Ma (Aunts husband)		Ma (Aunt)		Ma (Father)		Ma (Mother)		Ma (Uncles Wife)		Ma (Uncle)		Ma (Uncles Wife)		Ma (Uncle)		Ma (Uncles Wife)		Ma (Uncle)		Ma (unts husband)		Ma (Aunt)		Ma (Aunts husband)		Ma (Aunt)		Ma (Aunts husband)		Ma (Aunt)
Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)						Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)		Si (Male Cousin)		Si (Female Cousin)
										Si (Twin Sisters Husband)		Si (Twin Sister)		Si (Little Sisters Husband)		Si (Little Sister)		Si (Big Sisters Huband)		Si (Big Sister)		Ego (Wife)		Ego (Self)				Ego (Husband)		Si (Big Brother)		Si (Big Brothers Wife)		Si (Little Brother)		Si (Little Brothers Wife)		Si (Twin Brother)		Si (Twin Brothers Wife)
										Ga (Niece)		Ga (Nephew)		Ga (Niece)		Ga (Nephew)		Ga (Niece)		Ga (Nephew)		Ga (Son)		Ga (Daughter)		Ga (Son)		Ga (Daughter)		Ga (Niece)		Ga (Nephew)		Ga (Niece)		Ga (Nephew)		Ga (Niece)		Ga (Nephew)

Phonology

Consonants

	Labial	Alveolar				Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
		Plain		Pharyn.
		Med.	Lat.	Med.	Lat.
Nasal	m	n		nˤ
Stop	p b	t d		tˤ dˤ			k g		ʔ
Fricat.	f v	s z	ɬ ɮ	sˤ zˤ	ɮˤ		x ɣ	χ ~ ʀ̥	h
Trill		r~ɹ
Approx.			l*			j*	w*

*Allophonic with similar sounding phonemes.

Vowels

	Front	Near-Front	Central	Near-Back	Back
Close	i y				u
Near-Close		ɪ		ʊ
High-Mid	e
Mid			ə		o
Low-Mid	ɛ
Open	a ~ ɑ

Diphthongs

aɪ ɛɪ eɪ aʊ ɛu eu oɪ

Writing System

Uppercase Letter	Lowercase Letter	IPA value	Pronunciation of the letter (IPA)
A	a	a	a
B	b	b	bi
D	d	d	di
Ḍ	ḍ	dˤ	dˤa
E	e	e	e
È	è	ɛ	ɛ
Ë	ë	ə	ə
F	f	f	ɛfe
G	g	g	gi
GH	gh	ɣ	ɣi
G-h	g-h	gh	gidahe
H	h	h	he
I	i	i	i
Ì	ì	ɪ	ɪ
K	k	k	ke
KH	kh	x	xe
K-h	k-h	kh	kedahe
L	l	l	ɛl
Ḷ	ʟ̣	ɮˤ	ɮˤi
M	m	m	ɛme
N	n	n	ɛne
Ṇ	ṇ	nˤ	nˤi
O	o	o	o
P	p	p	pi
R	r	r	aɹa
S	s	s	ɛse
Ṣ	ṣ	sˤ	sˤi
SH	sh	ɬ	ɬa
S-h	s-h	sh	ɛsedahe
T	t	t	ti
Ṭ	ṭ	tˤ	tˤi
U	u	u	u
Ù	ù	ʊ	ʊ
Ü	ü	y	y
V	v	v	vi
W	w	w	wɛɪ
X	x	χ	ɛχ
Y	y	j	jad
Z	z	z	zi
Ẓ	ẓ	zˤ	zˤi
ZH	zh	ɮ	ɮa
Z-h	z-h	zh	zidahe
‘	‘	ʔ	oʔi

Grammar

Nouns

Cases

	Singular		Plural		Use
	ending	translation	ending	translation
Subjective	-so	the noun	-vaz	the nouns	subject
Predicative	-n	the noun	-ka	the nouns	predicate
Genitive	-fo	of the noun	-züna	of the nouns	possession
Dative	-tisi	to/for the noun	-gu	to/for the nouns	indirect object
Accusative	-k	noun	-ba	nouns	direct object
Ablative	-ras	from the noun out of the noun	-ma	from the nouns out of the nouns	motion from
Perlative	-se	through the noun	-pùr	through the nouns	motion through
Instrumental	-ri	by means of the noun	-gena	by means of the nouns	thing used to do the action
Locative	-ni	in the noun on the noun by the noun at the noun under the noun inside the noun next to the noun near to the noun	-xe	in the nouns on the nouns by the nouns at the nouns under the nouns inside the nouns next to the nouns near to the nouns	location
Allative	-lus	to the noun onto the noun into the noun as far as the noun	-mi	to the nouns onto the nouns into the nouns as far as the nouns	motion to
Causal	-ma	because of the noun	-yu	because of the noun	answers why
Temporal	-we		-xa		time
Oblique	-lù	concerning the noun	-ker	concerning the nouns	miscellaneous
Sociative	-pì	with the noun	-ges	with the nouns	accompaniment
Vocative	-le	o noun	-v	o nouns	direct address
Instructive	-dia		-la		answers how

Verbs

Conjugations

			Singular	Plural
Present	1st person	Inclusive	-m	-mùr
		Exclusive		-mùs
	2nd person		-s	-tìs
	3rd person		-t	-nt
Past	1st person	Inclusive	-bam	-bamùr
		Exclusive		-bamùs
	2nd person		-bas	-batìs
	3rd person		-bat	-bant
Future	1st person	Inclusive	-bo	-bìmùr
		Exclusive		-bìmùs
	2nd person		-bìs	-bìtìs
	3rd person		-bìt	-bunt
Unknown	1st person	Inclusive	-wi	-wimùr
		Exclusive		-wimùs
	2nd person		-wisti	-wistis
	3rd person		-wit	-werunt

To make it progressive (imperfect), use the suffix -ra before the conjunction ending. To make it complete (perfect), use the suffix -wü.

Mood

To make it indicative, use the prefix sa-. To make it imperative, use the prefix fi-.

Irregular

Hani- To eat
			Singular	Plural
Present	1st person	Inclusive	dago	dako
		Exclusive		dunos
	2nd person		datu	davos
	3rd person		dui	dea
Past	1st person	Inclusive	dagom	dakamùr
		Exclusive		dunamùs
	2nd person		datus	davatìs
	3rd person		duibat	deant
Future	1st person	Inclusive	dabo	dakìmùr
		Exclusive		dunìmùs
	2nd person		datubìs	davìtìs
	3rd person		duibìt	deunt
Unknown	1st person	Inclusive	dagi	dakomùr
		Exclusive		dunomùs
	2nd person		datusti	davostis
	3rd person		duit	dearunt

Kani- To drink
			Singular	Plural
Present	1st person	Inclusive	due
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person
Past	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person
Future	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person
Unknown	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person

Du- To give, to gift
			Singular	Plural
Present	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person
Past	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person
Future	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person
Unknown	1st person	Inclusive
		Exclusive
	2nd person
	3rd person

Adjectives

Just the root of the word. There aren't superlatives or comparatives.

Adverbs

Add -li to the end of the root word

Pronouns

		Singular	Plural
1st person	Inclusive	ego	kakou
	Exclusive		nos
2nd Person		tu	vos
3rd person		id	ea

Syntax

There aren't any supines, participles, or infinitives. Akëla word order is SVO (Subject Verb Object).

Lexicon

Akëla Word (the unmodified versions)	English Word	Part of Speech	Transliteration	Sound changes
fa	color	noun
keu	light, pale; solar	Adjective
	day, sun, light, sunlight	Noun
	to brighten, turn pale, shine	Verb
pi	sky	Noun
lo	plant, vegetation	Noun
	to plant	Verb
lua	ground, soil	Noun
ni	in	Preposition
le	house, home, habitat, a dwelling	Noun
	to dwell	Verb
raga	song	Noun
	song-like	Adjective
	to sing	Verb
du	to give, gift	Verb
	gift	Noun
ku	water, beverage	Noun
	to water (a plant)	Verb
leì	dark	Adjective
	night, darkness, midnight	Noun
	to darken	Verb
ilo	time	Noun
luna	star, nightlight, moon, constellation	Noun
	lunar, stellar	Adjective
kele	solar eclipse	Noun	light dark	u → Ø ɪ → Ø
fyùna	lunar eclipse	Noun	fire moon	l → Ø a → Ø u → ʊ i → j
da	and	Conjunction
ha	food	Noun
dua	to feed	Verb	give food	h → Ø
hani	to eat	Verb	food in
prasa	torso	Noun
veda	hair	Noun
kuni	to drink	Verb	beverage in
dughu	to give water	Verb		k → x → ɣ
odo	to smell, stink	Verb
	smelly	Adjective
	stench, odor, nose	Noun
se	to need	Verb
	a need	Noun
sea	hunger	Noun	need food	h → Ø
seku	thirst	Noun	need water
vala	speed	Noun
	quick, fast	Adjective
	quickly	Adverb
	to hurry	Verb
ela	ear	Noun
	To listen, hear	Verb
kano	speech, mouth	Noun
	to talk, converse, have a conversation	Verb
amo	love	Noun
	to love	Verb
wo	permission	Noun
	to allow, let, enable, give permission	Verb
adi	human	Noun
loli	animal	Noun
myu	cute animal noise (meow, woof)	Noun
ka	mind, head, neck, soul	Noun
	main, leading	Adjective
	to control, steer, rule, lead	Verb
oko	eyes	Noun
	to look, see	Verb
	ocular	Adjective
fira	flame	Noun
	to light (on fire)	Verb
	flammable	Adjective
halo	any part of a plant that is edible	Noun	food plant
loa	fertilizer, anything a plant needs to live	Noun	plant food	h → Ø
hyero	hatred	Noun
	to hate, despise	Verb
osi	object, thing	Noun
raxa	bad, evil, foul, terrible, dirty, disgusting, corrupt, toxic, crazy, drunk, psychotic, awful, despicable, poisonous, venomous	Adjective
	to dirty, turn evil, corrupt, intoxicate, foul	Verb
	evil, devil, demon, dirt, filth, pollution, disease, poison, venom, lunatic	Noun
	badly, filthily, crazily, fouly, terribly, awfully, drunkenly, venomously	Adverb
	makes a word derogatory	Particle
ro	poisonous plant	Noun		a → Ø χ → Ø a → Ø l → Ø
südë	good, just, righteous	Adjective
	justly	Adverb
	good, angel	Noun
firaì	sunrise, sunset	Noun	fire sky	s → Ø i → ɪ a → Ø
peno	toe, foot, leg; a walk	Noun
	to walk	Verb
anë	finger, hand, arm	Noun

Numerals

Akëla	English	Word Combination	Sound Changes
nùla	zero
kahi	one
lua	two
kolu	three
ha	four
lima	five
ono	six
hiku	seven
walu	eight
iwa	nine
	ten	1 + augmentative suffix
	eleven	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 1
	twelve	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 2
	thirteen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 3
	fourteen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 4
	fifteen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 5
	sixteen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 6
	seventeen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 7
	eighteen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 8
	nineteen	(1 + augmentative suffix) + 9
	twenty	2 + augmentative suffix
	thirty	3 + augmentative suffix
	fourty	4 + augmentative suffix
	fifty	5 + augmentative suffix
	> fifty, many

Body

Body Parts (Akëla)
	ka ↓
		veda
		ela	oko	odo	oko	ela
			kalo
	prasa
anë								anë
peno								peno

Body Parts (translated)
	Head ↓
		Hair
		Ear	Eye	Nose	Eye	Ear
			Mouth
	Neck and/or Torso
Finger, Hand, and/or Arm								Finger, Hand, and/or Arm
Leg, Foot, and/or Toe								Leg, Foot, and/or Toe

Colors

Akëla	Transliteration	English
keufa	color (of) the Sun	white, yellow
pifa	color (of) the sky	light blue, light gray
leìfa	color (of) night	black, dark blue, dark gray
firafa	color (of) fire	red, orange
luafa	color (of) soil	brown, gray, brownish-gray, dark brown
lofa	color (of) a plant	green
lunafa	color (of) the Moon	silver

Example text

Akëla

Dago hak. Sakuim kuk.

Transliteration

I give food to me. I water in water.

Translation

I eat food. I drink water.