Akəla

Akala
Type	Fusional
Alignment	Nominative-Accusative
Head direction	Head-Initial
Tonal	No
Declensions	Yes
Conjugations	Yes
Genders	Only used for pronouns
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect
Meta-information
Progress	89%
Statistics Nouns 95% Verbs 76% Adjectives 100% Syntax 100% Words 40 of 1500
Creator	Sgt Haleakala

Classification and Dialects

It is one of the many rich and vibrant languages of the planet Jaalvar, which is known by the Akali tribe as Foghena. Akala is believed to be a language isolate.

Mythology

Legend has it that the language descended down from the heavens on Creation Day. It was gifted to mortals from Nalakila, the god of languages.

Phonology

Consonants

		Bilabial	Labio-Dental	Alveolar		Palatal	Velar		Uvular	Glottal
							Plain	Labialized
				Medial	Lateral
Nasal		m		n
Stop		p b		t d			k g			ʔ
Fricative			f v	s z			x ɣ		χ	h
Approximant				ɹ*	l*	j		w*

*Allophonic with similar sounding phonemes.

Vowels

	Front	Near-Front	Central	Near-Back	Back
Fricative	i̝
Close	i y				u
Near-Close		ɪ		ʊ
High-Mid	e				o
Mid			ə
Low-Mid	ɛ				ʌ ɔ
Near-Open		æ
Open	a

Phonotactics

Two consonants in a row are only found in conjugation endings.

Writing System

Uppercase Letter	Lowercase Letter	IPA value	Pronunciation of the letter (IPA)
A	a	a	a
Ä	ä	æ	æ
B	b	b	bi
D	d	d	di
E	e	e	e
È	è	ɛ	ɛ
Ë	ë	ə	ə
F	f	f	ɛf
G	g	g	gi
GH	gh	ɣ	ɣi
H	h	h	heɪ
I	i	i	i
Ì	ì	ɪ	ɪ
Į	į	i̝	i̝
K	k	k	keɪ
KH	kh	x	xeɪ
L	l	l	ɛl
M	m	m	ɛm
N	n	n	ɛn
O	o	o	o
Ò	ò	ɔ	ɔ
Ö	ö	ʌ	ʌ
P	p	p	pi
R	r	ɹ	aɹ
S	s	s	ɛs
T	t	t	ti
U	u	u	u
Ù	ù	ʊ	ʊ
Ü	ü	y	y
V	v	v	vi
W	w	w	weɪ
X	x	χ	ɛχ
Y	y	j	jad
Z	z	z	zi
’	’	ʔ	oʔi

Grammar

Nouns

Cases

	Singular		Plural		Use
	ending	translation	ending	translation
Subjective	-so	the noun	-vaz	the nouns	subject
Predicative	-n	the noun	-ka	the nouns	predicate
Genitive	-fò	of the noun	-züna	of the nouns	possession
Dative	-tisi	to/for the noun	-go	to/for the nouns	indirect object
Accusative	-k	noun	-ba	nouns	direct object
Ablative	-ras	from the noun out of the noun	-mat	from the nouns out of the nouns	motion from
Perlative	-se	through the noun	-pùr	through the nouns	motion through
Instrumental	-yi	by means of the noun	-gèna	by means of the nouns	thing used to do the action
Locative	-ni	in the noun on the noun by the noun at the noun under the noun inside the noun next to the noun near to the noun	-xè	in the nouns on the nouns by the nouns at the nouns under the nouns inside the nouns next to the nouns near to the nouns	location
Allative	-lus	to the noun onto the noun into the noun as far as the noun	-mi	to the nouns onto the nouns into the nouns as far as the nouns	motion to
Causal	-ma	because of the noun	-yu	because of the noun	answers why
Temporal	-we		-gha		time
Oblique	-lù	concerning the noun	-ker	concerning the nouns	miscellaneous
Sociative	-pì	with the noun	gès	with the nouns	accompaniment
Vocative	-le	o noun	-r	o nouns	direct address

Verbs

Conjugations

			Singular	Plural
Present	1st person	Inclusive	-m	-mùr
		Exclusive		-mùs
	2nd person		-s	-tìs
	3rd person		-t	-nt
Past	1st person	Inclusive	-bam	-bamùr
		Exclusive		-bamùs
	2nd person		-bas	-batìs
	3rd person		-bat	-bant
Future	1st person	Inclusive	-bo	-bìmùr
		Exclusive		-bìmùs
	2nd person		-bìs	-bìtìs
	3rd person		-bìt	-bunt
Unknown	1st person	Inclusive	-wi	-wimùr
		Exclusive		-wimùs
	2nd person		-witis	-wistis
	3rd person		-wit	-werunt

To make it progressive (imperfect), use the suffix -ra before the conjunction ending. To make it complete (perfect), use the suffix -wü.

Voice

Use the prefix do’o- to make it passive. Don't use affixes (in addition to the conjugations) to make it active.

Mood

To make it indicative, use the prefix sa-. To make it imperative, use the prefix fi-. To make it subjunctive, use the prefix wa-.

Adjectives

Just the root of the word. Only changes for comparative. There isn't superlative. Comparative: add the prefix mo-.

Adverbs

Add -li to the end of the root word

Pronouns

				Singular	Plural
1st person			Inclusive	ego
			Exclusive
2nd Person	Common				vos
	Deity
3rd person	Common	Humans and Animals	Maculine	is
			Feminine	ea
			Unknown/Unspecified/Neuter	id
		Plants and Fungi	Masculine
			Feminine
			Unknown/Unspecified/Neuter
		Forces of Nature	Masculine
			Feminine
			Unknown/Unspecified/Neuter
		Inanimate
	Deity		Maculine
			Feminine
			Unknown/Unspecified/Neuter

Syntax

There aren't any supines, participles, or infinitives. Akala word order is SVO (Subject Verb Object).

Lexicon

Akala Word (the unmodified versions)	English Word	Part of Speech	Word combination	Sound changes
keu	light, pale; solar; yellow, white	Adjective
	day, sun, light, sunlight	Noun
	to brighten, turn pale, shine	Verb
si	sky	Noun
	blue, gray	Adjective
lo	plant, vegetation	Noun
	to plant	Verb
	green	Adjective
lua	the ground, soil	Noun
	brown,	Adjective
ni	in	Preposition
le	house, home, habitat, a dwelling	Noun
	to dwell	Verb
lole	treehouse	Noun	plant + house
akaù	song	Noun
	song-like	Adjective
	to sing	Verb
du	to give, gift	Verb
	gift	Noun
ku	water, beverage	Noun
	to water (a plant)	Verb
leì	dark, black	Adjective
	night, darkness	Noun
	to darken	Verb
sia	time	Noun
luna	star, nightlight, moon, constellation	Noun
	lunar, stellar	Adjective
keuleì	solar eclipse	Noun	light+dark
fyaùna	lunar eclipse	Noun	fire+moon	l → Ø u → ʊ i → j
ha	food	Noun
dua	to feed	Verb	give + food	h → Ø
hani	to eat	Verb	food + in
kuni	to drink	Verb	beverage + in	n → Ø
odo	to smell, stink	Verb
	smelly	Adjective
	stench, odor, nose	Noun
se	to need	Verb
	a need	Noun
sea	hunger	Noun	need + food	h → Ø
seku	thirst	Noun	need + water
va’a	speed	Noun
	quick, fast	Adjective
	quickly	Adverb
	to hurry	Verb
sìmaì	ear	Noun
	To listen, hear	Verb
kano	speech	Noun
	to talk, converse, have a conversation	Verb
amo	love	Noun
	to love	Verb
wò	permission	Noun
	to allow, let, enable, give permission	Verb
adi	human	Noun
loli	animal	Noun
myu	cute animal noise (meow, woof)	Noun
ka	mind, head, soul	Noun
	main, leading	Adjective
	to control, steer, rule, lead	Verb
oko	eyes	Noun
	to look, see	Verb
	ocular	Adjective
fira	flame	Noun
	to light (on fire)	Verb
	red, orange; flammable	Adjective
halo	any part of a plant that is edible	Noun	food + plant
loa	fertilizer, anything a plant needs to live	Noun	plant + food	h → Ø
hiero	hatred	Noun
	to hate, despise	Verb
osi	object, thing	Noun
raxa	bad, evil, foul, terrible, dirty, disgusting, corrupt, toxic, crazy, drunk, psychotic, awful, despicable, poisonous, venomous	Adjective
	to dirty, turn evil, corrupt, intoxicate, foul	Verb
	evil, devil, demon, dirt, filth, pollution, disease, poison, venom, lunatic	Noun
	badly, filthily, crazily, fouly, terribly, awfully, drunkenly, venomously	Adverb
	makes a word derogatory	Particle
ro	poisonous plant	Noun		a → Ø χ → Ø a → Ø l → Ø
sùda	good, just, righteous	Adjective
	justly	Adverb
	good, angel	Noun
firaì	sunrise, sunset	Noun	fire + sky	s → Ø i → ɪ
pèno	toe, foot, leg; a walk	Noun
	to walk	Verb
ane	finger, hand, arm	Noun

Example text

Akala:

Egoso hanim hak. Egoso kuim kuk.

Transliteration:

I food in food. I water in water.

Translation:

I eat food. I drink water.