No edit summary Tag: Visual edit |
Tag: Visual edit |
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==Classification and Dialects== |
==Classification and Dialects== |
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− | It is one of the many rich and vibrant languages of the planet Jaalvar, which is known by the |
+ | It is one of the many rich and vibrant languages of the planet Jaalvar, which is known by the Akali tribe as Fonesa. Akala is believed to be a language isolate. |
==Mythology== |
==Mythology== |
||
− | Legend has it that the language descended down from the heavens on Creation Day. It was gifted to mortals from |
+ | Legend has it that the language descended down from the heavens on Creation Day. It was gifted to mortals from Nalakila, the god of languages. |
==Phonology== |
==Phonology== |
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===Consonants=== |
===Consonants=== |
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! style="width: 68px; " |Labial* |
! style="width: 68px; " |Labial* |
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!Alveolar |
!Alveolar |
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− | !Palatal |
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!Velar |
!Velar |
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|- |
|- |
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Line 39: | Line 38: | ||
|m |
|m |
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|n |
|n |
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− | | |
+ | |ŋ |
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
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! colspan="2" |Stop |
! colspan="2" |Stop |
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− | | |
+ | |p b |
|t d |
|t d |
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+ | |k g |
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− | | colspan="2" |c ~ k |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan="2" |Fricative |
! colspan="2" |Fricative |
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− | | |
+ | |ɸ β |
|s z |
|s z |
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+ | |x ɣ |
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− | | colspan="2" |ç ~ x** |
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|- |
|- |
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! rowspan="2" |Approximant |
! rowspan="2" |Approximant |
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!Medial |
!Medial |
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− | | |
+ | |w** |
− | |ɹ |
+ | |ɹ** |
⚫ | |||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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!Lateral |
!Lateral |
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| |
| |
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− | |l |
+ | |l** |
⚫ | |||
| |
| |
||
|} |
|} |
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− | <nowiki>*</nowiki>Includes Bilabial and Labio- |
+ | <nowiki>*</nowiki>Includes Bilabial and Labio-Velar consonants |
− | |||
− | <nowiki>**</nowiki>Includes everything in between |
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− | <nowiki> |
+ | <nowiki>**</nowiki>Allophonic with similar sounding phonemes |
===Vowels=== |
===Vowels=== |
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Line 105: | Line 99: | ||
|a |
|a |
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|a |
|a |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
+ | |b |
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+ | |bi |
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|- |
|- |
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|D |
|D |
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Line 119: | Line 118: | ||
|f |
|f |
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|f |
|f |
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+ | |e̞ɸ |
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− | |e̞f |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |G |
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+ | |g |
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+ | |g |
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+ | |gi |
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|- |
|- |
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|H |
|H |
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|h |
|h |
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+ | |x |
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− | |ç ~ χ** |
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+ | |e̞ix |
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− | |e̞iç |
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|- |
|- |
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|I |
|I |
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Line 130: | Line 134: | ||
|i |
|i |
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|i |
|i |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |J |
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+ | |j |
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+ | |ɣ |
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+ | |ɣe̞i |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |K |
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+ | |k |
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+ | |k |
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+ | |kei |
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|- |
|- |
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|L |
|L |
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Line 140: | Line 154: | ||
|m |
|m |
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|m |
|m |
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+ | |e̞m |
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− | |e̞me̞ |
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|- |
|- |
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|N |
|N |
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|n |
|n |
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|n |
|n |
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+ | |e̞n |
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− | |e̞ne̞ |
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|- |
|- |
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|Ñ |
|Ñ |
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|ñ |
|ñ |
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− | | |
+ | |ŋ |
+ | |e̞ŋ |
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− | |e̞ɲe̞ |
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|- |
|- |
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|O |
|O |
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|o |
|o |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | |
+ | |P |
− | | |
+ | |p |
− | | |
+ | |p |
− | | |
+ | |pi |
|- |
|- |
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|R |
|R |
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|s |
|s |
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|e̞s |
|e̞s |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |T |
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+ | |t |
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+ | |t |
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+ | |ti |
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|- |
|- |
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|U |
|U |
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|u |
|u |
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|ju |
|ju |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |V |
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+ | |v |
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+ | |β |
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+ | |βi |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |Y |
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+ | |y |
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+ | |j |
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+ | |jad |
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+ | |- |
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+ | |Z |
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+ | |z |
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+ | |z |
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+ | |zi |
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|} |
|} |
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===Syntax=== |
===Syntax=== |
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− | + | Akala word order is SVO (Subject Verb Object). |
|
==Lexicon== |
==Lexicon== |
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{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 660px; text-align:center| |
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 660px; text-align:center| |
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− | ! style="text-align:left;" | |
+ | ! style="text-align:left;" |Akala Word |
! |
! |
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'''English Word''' |
'''English Word''' |
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!sound changes |
!sound changes |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |keu |
| style="text-align:center;"| |
| style="text-align:center;"| |
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light, pale; solar; yellow, white |
light, pale; solar; yellow, white |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |kesa |
| |
| |
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<p style="text-align:center;">water, beverage</p> |
<p style="text-align:center;">water, beverage</p> |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |sija |
| style="text-align:center;"|time |
| style="text-align:center;"|time |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Adjective |
| style="text-align:center;"|Adjective |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |keulei |
| style="text-align:center;"|solar eclipse |
| style="text-align:center;"|solar eclipse |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |kuha |
| style="text-align:center;"|to feed |
| style="text-align:center;"|to feed |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |kesani |
| style="text-align:center;"|to drink |
| style="text-align:center;"|to drink |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |ojo |
|to smell, stink |
|to smell, stink |
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|Verb |
|Verb |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |sekesa |
| style="text-align:center;"|thirst |
| style="text-align:center;"|thirst |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |vaza |
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| |
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<p style="text-align:center;">speed</p> |
<p style="text-align:center;">speed</p> |
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|Verb |
|Verb |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |kano |
| |
| |
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<p style="text-align:center;">speech</p> |
<p style="text-align:center;">speech</p> |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |ka |
| style="text-align:center;"|mind, head |
| style="text-align:center;"|mind, head |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
| style="text-align:center;"|Verb |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |oko |
| style="text-align:center;"|eyes |
| style="text-align:center;"|eyes |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Adjective |
| style="text-align:center;"|Adjective |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |hikalo |
| style="text-align:center;"|any part of a plant that is edible |
| style="text-align:center;"|any part of a plant that is edible |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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− | | style="text-align:center;" | |
+ | | style="text-align:center;" |lohika |
| style="text-align:center;"|fertilizer, anything a plant needs to live |
| style="text-align:center;"|fertilizer, anything a plant needs to live |
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| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
| style="text-align:center;"|Noun |
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Line 577: | Line 611: | ||
==Example text== |
==Example text== |
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+ | Akala: |
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− | Aqala: |
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− | Hele hani ha. Hele |
+ | Hele hani ha. Hele kesani kesa. |
Revision as of 18:47, 19 February 2020
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Aqala | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Analytical | ||||||||||||
Alignment | Direct Alignment | ||||||||||||
Head direction | |||||||||||||
Tonal | No | ||||||||||||
Declensions | No | ||||||||||||
Conjugations | No | ||||||||||||
Genders | None | ||||||||||||
Nouns decline according to... | |||||||||||||
Case | Number | ||||||||||||
Definiteness | Gender | ||||||||||||
Verbs conjugate according to... | |||||||||||||
Voice | Mood | ||||||||||||
Person | Number | ||||||||||||
Tense | Aspect | ||||||||||||
Meta-information | |||||||||||||
Progress | 5% | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Creator | Sgt Haleakala |
Classification and Dialects
It is one of the many rich and vibrant languages of the planet Jaalvar, which is known by the Akali tribe as Fonesa. Akala is believed to be a language isolate.
Mythology
Legend has it that the language descended down from the heavens on Creation Day. It was gifted to mortals from Nalakila, the god of languages.
Phonology
Consonants
Labial* | Alveolar | Velar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal |
m | n | ŋ | |
Stop | p b | t d | k g | |
Fricative | ɸ β | s z | x ɣ | |
Approximant | Medial | w** | ɹ** | |
Lateral | l** |
*Includes Bilabial and Labio-Velar consonants
**Allophonic with similar sounding phonemes
Vowels
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
Close | i | u |
Mid | e̞ | o̞ |
Open | a |
Phonotactics
Two consonants in a row should be avoided. Words always end in a vowel.
Writing System
Uppercase Letter | Lowercase Letter | IPA value | Pronunciation of the letter (IPA |
---|---|---|---|
A | a | a | a |
B | b | b | bi |
D | d | d | di |
E | e | e̞ | e̞ |
F | f | f | e̞ɸ |
G | g | g | gi |
H | h | x | e̞ix |
I | i | i | i |
J | j | ɣ | ɣe̞i |
K | k | k | kei |
L | l |
l |
e̞l |
M | m | m | e̞m |
N | n | n | e̞n |
Ñ | ñ | ŋ | e̞ŋ |
O | o | o̞ | o |
P | p | p | pi |
R | r | ɹ | aɹ |
S | s | s | e̞s |
T | t | t | ti |
U | u | u | ju |
V | v | β | βi |
Y | y | j | jad |
Z | z | z | zi |
Grammar
Nouns
Nouns don't have cases.
Verbs
Verbs aren't conjugated.
Syntax
Akala word order is SVO (Subject Verb Object).
Lexicon
Akala Word |
English Word |
Part of Speech | sound changes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
keu |
light, pale; solar; yellow, white |
Adjective | ||
day, sun, light, sunlight | Noun | |||
to brighten, turn pale, shine | Verb | |||
si | sky | Noun | ||
blue, gray | Adjective | |||
lo |
plant, vegetation |
Noun | ||
to plant |
Verb | |||
green, brown | Adjective | |||
ni | in | Preposition | ||
le |
house, home, habitat, a dwelling |
Noun | ||
to dwell | Verb | |||
lole | treehouse | Noun | plant + house | |
akau |
song |
Noun | ||
To sing | Verb | |||
du | to give, gift | Verb | ||
gift | Noun | |||
kesa |
water, beverage |
Noun | ||
to water (a plant) | Verb | |||
lei |
dark, black |
Adjective | ||
night, darkness | Noun | |||
to darken | Verb | |||
sija | time | Noun | ||
luna |
star, nightlight, moon, constellation |
Noun | dark + light | |
lunar, stellar | Adjective | |||
keulei | solar eclipse | Noun | light+dark | |
firaluna | lunar eclipse | Noun | fire+moon | |
ha |
food |
Noun | ||
kuha | to feed | Verb | give + food | d → k |
hani | to eat | Verb |
food + in |
|
kesani | to drink | Verb | beverage + in | |
ojo | to smell, stink | Verb | ||
smelly | Adjective | |||
stench, odor, nose | Noun | |||
se | to need | Verb | ||
a need | Noun | |||
seha | hunger | Noun | need + food | |
sekesa | thirst | Noun | need + water | |
vaza |
speed |
Noun | ||
quick, fast | Adjective | |||
quickly | Adverb | |||
to hurry | Verb | |||
simai | ear | Noun | ||
To listen, hear | Verb | |||
kano |
speech |
Noun | ||
to talk, converse, have a conversation |
Verb | |||
amo |
love |
Noun |
||
to love | Verb | |||
ci | permission | Noun | ||
to allow, let, enable, give permission |
Verb | |||
adi | non-cute animal | Noun | ||
loli | cute animal | Noun | ||
cute | Adjective | |||
miu | cute animal noise (meow, woof) | Particle | ||
ka | mind, head | Noun | ||
main, leading |
Adjective | |||
to control, steer, rule, lead | Verb | |||
oko | eyes | Noun | ||
to look, see | Verb | |||
ocular | Adjective | |||
fira | flame | Noun | ||
to light (on fire) | Verb | |||
red, orange; flammable | Adjective | |||
hikalo | any part of a plant that is edible | Noun | food + plant | |
lohika | fertilizer, anything a plant needs to live | Noun | plant + food | |
hiero | hatred | Noun | ||
to hate, despise | Verb | |||
osi | object, thing | Noun | ||
raha | bad, evil, foul, terrible, dirty, corrupt, toxic, crazy, drunk | Adjective | ||
to dirty, turn evil, corrupt, intoxicate | Verb | |||
evil, devil, demon, dirt, filth, pollution, disease, poison, lunatic | Noun | |||
makes a word derogatory | Particle | |||
seda | good, just | Adjective | ||
good, angel |
Noun | |||
firasi | sunrise, sunset | Noun | fire + sky | |
heño | toe, foot, leg; a walk | Noun | ||
to walk | Verb | |||
añe | finger, hand, arm | Noun |
Example text
Akala:
Hele hani ha. Hele kesani kesa.
Transliteration:
I food in food. I water in water.
Translation:
I eat food. I drink water.