| Akih Aqačjä | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Agglutinative | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Ergative/Transitive | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Final | |||
| Tonal | |||
| Yes | |||
| Declensions | |||
| Yes | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General information[]
Akih is an Akaric language.
Phonology[]
Vowels[]
Akih has ten vowels distributed more or less evenly in the vowel space. Normally they aren't distinguished by quantity: all differences stem from vowel quality.
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | i (i) | ɨ (y) | ʉ (w) | u (u) |
| Mid | ɛ (ë) | ɜ (e) | ɔ (o) | |
| Low | æ (ä) | a (a) | ɒ (å) | |
Vowels in Akih have something that resembles tone. Each vowel can either have a normal or low tone. The actual realisation of these tones is more akin to modal/breathy (interchangeable) and creaky voice, respectively. In isolation, when applied to /a/, they can be transcribed in the IPA as: [a̤] (normal) vs. [a̰] (low).
Tone isn't usually written in regular text. Normal tone is implied; low tone can be written with either a superscript pharyngeal fricative or just an apostrophe (either <aˤ> or <a'>).
Low tone rarely occurs in syllables that have both an initial and final consonant.
Consonants[]
| Labial | Dentialveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Tenuis | t (t) | ʈ (ṭ) ʈʂ (č) |
k (k) | q (q) | ʔ (x) | |
| Glottalised | ʈʼ (ṭ') ʈʂʼ (č') |
kʼ (k') | qʼ (q') | ||||
| Fricative | s (s) | ʂ (š) | x (h) | ||||
| Liquid | v (v) | r (r) | ɽ (ṛ) | j (j) | |||
Glottalisation is neutralised word-finally.
Phonotactics[]
Akih has some elementary rules that govern word shape:
- Consonant clusters can at most be made up of two consonants.
- Initial and final geminate plosives are disallowed
- No glottalised plosive except for /ʔ/ can precede consonants
Morphology[]
Nouns[]
Nouns in Akih inflect for several categories:
- Case
- Number
- Definitess and Proximity