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Arak language Arak säq'oot | |||
---|---|---|---|
Type | |||
Polysynthetic | |||
Alignment | |||
Ergative-absolutive | |||
Head direction | |||
Final | |||
Tonal | |||
No | |||
Declensions | |||
Yes | |||
Conjugations | |||
Yes | |||
Genders | |||
No | |||
Nouns decline according to... | |||
Case | Number | ||
Definiteness | Gender | ||
Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
Voice | Mood | ||
Person | Number | ||
Tense | Aspect |
Contents
General information[edit | edit source]
Phonology[edit | edit source]
Consonants[edit | edit source]
Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | n /n/ | ğ /ŋ/* | |||||
Plosive | d /d/ | g /g/ | ğ /ɢ/ | ' /ʔ/ | |||
t /t/ | k /k/ | q /q/ | |||||
t' /t'/ | k' /k'/ | q' /q'/ | |||||
Fricative | s /s/ | sh /ʃ/ | x /χ/ | ȟ /ʕ/* | h /h/ | ||
x̌ /ħ/ | |||||||
Affricate | ts /t͡s/ | c /t͡ʃ/ | qx /q͡χ/ | ||||
ts' /t͡s'/ | c' /t͡ʃ'/ | ||||||
Approximant | r /ɹ/ | y /j/ | w /ɰ/ | ||||
Lateral fric. | ł /ɬ/ | ||||||
Lateral app. | l /l/ | ||||||
Lateral affr. | tł /t͡ɬ/ | ||||||
tł' /t͡ɬ'/ |
- This alophone occurs in the middle of the word or finally
- /ʕ/ is largelly disappearing and merging with the glottal stop /ʔ/. Nowadays, only elder people are able to make the distinction
Vowels[edit | edit source]
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i /i/ | u /u/ | |
Mid | e /e̞/ | ä /ə/ | o /o̞/ |
Open | a /ä/ |
Alphabet[edit | edit source]
Phonotactics[edit | edit source]
Grammar[edit | edit source]
Gender | Cases | Numbers | Tenses | Persons | Moods | Voices | Aspects | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Verb | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Nouns | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Adjectives | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Numbers | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Participles | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Adverb | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Pronouns | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
Adpositions | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Article | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Particle | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Vocabulary[edit | edit source]
No. | English | Arak |
---|---|---|
1 | I | saan |
2 | you (singular) | ğaan |
3 | he | nih |
4 | we | — |
5 | you (plural) | — |
6 | they | — |
7 | this | edä |
8 | that | udä |
9 | here | ełk'i |
10 | there | ułk'i |
11 | who | sad |
12 | what | cit |
13 | where | nei |
14 | when | şk'ei |
15 | how | xutä |
16 | not | hira |
17 | all | -utaan |
18 | many | — |
19 | some | — |
20 | few | — |
21 | other | — |
22 | one | nis'i |
23 | two | weyok |
24 | three | ät'äh |
25 | four | łasa |
26 | five | qona |
27 | big | — |
28 | long | — |
29 | wide | — |
30 | thick | — |
31 | heavy | — |
32 | small | — |
33 | short | — |
34 | narrow | — |
35 | thin | — |
36 | woman | kits'i |
37 | man (adult male) | — |
38 | man (human being) | arak |
39 | child | — |
40 | wife | — |
41 | husband | — |
42 | mother | — |
43 | father | — |
44 | animal | — |
45 | fish | — |
46 | bird | — |
47 | cat | — |
48 | dog | qusgun |
49 | louse | — |
50 | snake | — |
51 | worm | — |
52 | tree | — |
53 | forest | — |
54 | stick | — |
55 | fruit | — |
56 | seed | — |
57 | leaf | — |
58 | root | — |
59 | bark | — |
60 | flower | — |
61 | grass | qo |
62 | rope | — |
63 | skin | — |
64 | meat | — |
65 | blood | — |
66 | bone | — |
67 | fat | — |
68 | egg | — |
69 | horn | — |
70 | tail | — |
71 | feather | — |
72 | hair | — |
73 | head | — |
74 | ear | — |
75 | eye | — |
76 | nose | — |
77 | mouth | — |
78 | tooth | — |
79 | tongue | — |
80 | fingernail | — |
81 | foot | — |
82 | leg | — |
83 | knee | — |
84 | hand | — |
85 | wing | — |
86 | belly | — |
87 | guts | — |
88 | neck | — |
89 | back | — |
90 | breast | — |
91 | heart | — |
92 | liver | — |
93 | drink | — |
94 | eat | — |
95 | bite | — |
96 | suck | — |
97 | spit | — |
98 | vomit | — |
99 | blow | — |
100 | breathe | — |
101 | laugh | — |
102 | see | — |
103 | hear | — |
104 | know | — |
105 | think | — |
106 | smell | — |
107 | fear | — |
108 | sleep | — |
109 | live | — |
110 | die | — |
111 | kill | — |
112 | fight | — |
113 | hunt | — |
114 | hit | — |
115 | cut | — |
116 | split | — |
117 | stab | — |
118 | scratch | — |
119 | dig | — |
120 | swim | — |
121 | fly | — |
122 | walk | — |
123 | come | — |
124 | lie | — |
125 | sit | — |
126 | stand | — |
127 | turn | — |
128 | fall | — |
129 | give | — |
130 | hold | — |
131 | squeeze | — |
132 | rub | — |
133 | wash | — |
134 | wipe | — |
135 | pull | — |
136 | push | — |
137 | throw | — |
138 | tie | — |
139 | sew | — |
140 | count | — |
141 | say | — |
142 | sing | — |
143 | play | t'äłnä |
144 | float | — |
145 | flow | — |
146 | freeze | — |
147 | swell | — |
148 | sun | — |
149 | moon | — |
150 | star | — |
151 | water | qxa |
151 | rain | — |
152 | river | — |
153 | lake | närä |
154 | sea | — |
155 | salt | — |
156 | stone | — |
157 | sand | — |
158 | dust | — |
160 | earth | — |
161 | cloud | — |
162 | fog | — |
163 | sky | — |
164 | wind | — |
165 | snow | — |
166 | ice | — |
167 | smoke | — |
168 | fire | — |
169 | ash | — |
170 | burn | — |
171 | road | — |
172 | mountain | — |
173 | red | — |
174 | green | — |
175 | yellow | — |
176 | white | — |
177 | black | — |
178 | night | — |
179 | day | — |
180 | year | — |
181 | warm | — |
182 | cold | — |
183 | full | — |
184 | new | — |
185 | old | — |
186 | good | — |
187 | bad | — |
188 | rotten | — |
189 | dirty | — |
190 | straight | — |
191 | round | — |
192 | sharp | — |
193 | dull | — |
194 | smooth | — |
195 | wet | — |
196 | dry | — |
197 | correct | — |
198 | near | naxa |
199 | far | isqä |
200 | right | — |
201 | left | — |
202 | at | — |
203 | in | — |
204 | with | — |
205 | and | — |
206 | if | — |
207 | because | — |
208 | name | äsc'äd |
Example text[edit | edit source]
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