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Aranchese Arančilt | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | A priori | ||||||||||||
Alignment | |||||||||||||
Head direction | Initial | ||||||||||||
Tonal | No | ||||||||||||
Declensions | Yes | ||||||||||||
Conjugations | Yes | ||||||||||||
Genders | None | ||||||||||||
Nouns decline according to... | |||||||||||||
Case | Number | ||||||||||||
Definiteness | Gender | ||||||||||||
Verbs conjugate according to... | |||||||||||||
Voice | Mood | ||||||||||||
Person | Number | ||||||||||||
Tense | Aspect | ||||||||||||
Meta-information | |||||||||||||
Progress | 0% | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Creator | ShiningOrange |
Aranchese (in Aranchese "Arančilt" ) is a language spoken in Aranchea (Arančək) by about 8,000,000 people.
It is a Western Laveshian language.
Contents
- 1 Classification and Dialects
- 2 Phonology
- 3 Writing System
- 4 Grammar
- 5 Vocabulary
- 6 Example text
- 7 Spoken sample
Classification and Dialects[edit | edit source]
Northern Dialects[edit | edit source]
- Kayrunean Aranchese (Kayru)
- Suzyan Aranchese (Suzyə)
- Coastal Aranchese
- Mêrisian Aranchese (Mêris)
Southern Dialects[edit | edit source]
- Mutsian Aranchese (Mücyə/Mütsia)
- Nassaryan Aranchese (Nəssar)
Phonology[edit | edit source]
Consonants[edit | edit source]
Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||||||||
Plosive | p b | t d | k g | |||||||||
Fricative | f v | θ ð | s z | ʒ | ʃ | ɣ x | ||||||
Affricate | t͡s d͡z | t͡ʃ | ||||||||||
Approximant | j | w | ||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||
Flap or tap | ||||||||||||
Lateral fric. | ||||||||||||
Lateral app. | l | ʎ | ||||||||||
Lateral flap |
Vowels[edit | edit source]
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | a | u | |||
Near-high | |||||
High-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |||
Mid | ə | ||||
Low-mid | e ø | o | |||
Near-low | |||||
Low | i y |
Phonotactics[edit | edit source]
Writing System[edit | edit source]
Letter | a | - | ə | b | c | č | d | e | ê | f | g | h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sound | a | - | ə | b | t͡s | t͡ʃ | ɛ | f | g | h/- | ||
Letter | i | ĭ | j | k | l | ł | m | n | ň | o | ô | ö |
Sound | i | j: | ʒ | k | l | ʎ | m | n | ɲ | o | ɔ | ø |
Letter | p | r | s | š | ś | t | u | ü | v | x | y | z |
Sound | p | r | s | ʃ | z | t | u | y | v | x | j | d͡z |
Letter | ð | þ | ||||||||||
Sound | ð | θ |
Grammar[edit | edit source]
Pronouns[edit | edit source]
I | You (singular) | He/She/It | We | You (plural) | They | One (impersonal) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nom. | þə | vö | êr | jə | hə | nə | ô |
Gen. | þən | vən | ên | jən | hən | nean | ôn |
Acc. | þin | vön | ênn | jin | hin | nin | ôni |
Dat | þata | vöta | êrta | jata | hata | nata | ôta |
Caus. | þəlen | völen | êlen | jəlen | həlen | nəlen | ôlen |
Abl. | þinni | vinni | ênni | jinni | hinni | nimmi | ônni |
Lat. | þanna | vanna | ênnan | janna | hanna | namma | ônnan |
Ins. | þinti | vinti | ênti | jinti | hinti | ninti | ônti |
Loc. | þin | vin | êni | jin | hin | nin | ôni |
Nouns[edit | edit source]
There are 9 cases: Nominative, Genitive, Accusative, Dative, Causative, Ablative, Lative, Locative-Prepositional and Instrumental.
- nouns that end in -k can turn into g when a vowel is added in declension, however this is not mandatory in written language, although it is in spoken one.
- If the suffix starts with s and the root ends with t they merge and become c
- šeuvet (eagle) > šeuveci (the eagles)
- Arančək > Arančəge (Aranchea's)
There are three/four declension patterns:
Concrete objects[edit | edit source]
Case | Singular form | Plural form |
---|---|---|
Nominative | - | -(*)r |
Nominative definite | -(y)ia | -(s)i |
Genitive | -(t)e | -(t)el |
Accusative | -(e)s | -(e)s*r |
Accusative definite | -(e)sin | -(e)sinir |
Dative | -(t)ən | -(t)əl |
Causative | -(*)lən | -(*)lək |
Ablative | -(t)ena | -(t)enar |
Lative | -(t)anen
dative is often used too |
-(t)alel |
Loc.-prep. | -(y)uda | -(y)udar |
Instrumental | þöd(ə)- | þöd(ə)- -(*)r |
Living beings and food, adjectives (if necessary)[edit | edit source]
Case | Singular form | Plural form |
---|---|---|
Nominative | - | -(*)s |
Nominative definite | -(y)ai | -(s)ti |
Genitive | -(*)del | -(*)dei |
Accusative | -(h)a | -(h)an |
Accusative definite | -(n)eas | -(n)ei |
Dative | -(t)an | -(t)als |
Causative | -(*)lan | -(*)laks |
Ablative | -(t)ena | -(t)enas |
Lative | -(t)anen
dative is often used too |
-(t)ales |
Loc.-prep. | -(y)utas | -(y)udas |
Instrumental | mi(k)- -(*)de | mi(k)- -(*)dei |
Concepts, places, materials, abstract things, deities[edit | edit source]
Case | Singular form | Plural form |
---|---|---|
Nominative | - | -i
(replace vowel if final or add) |
Nominative definite | -(n)ui | -(n)uis |
Genitive | -(t)e | -(t)el |
Accusative | -(*)t | -it |
Accusative definite | -(e)sit | -(e)sinit |
Dative | -(t)an | -(t)ab |
Causative | -(*)lan | -(*)lab |
Ablative | -(t)ena | -(t)enar |
Lative | -(t)alt | -(t)als |
Loc.-prep. | -(y)uda | -(y)udas |
Instrumental | -(a)mit | -(a)mitar |
Loanwords, substantivated nouns[edit | edit source]
Case | Singular form | Plural form |
---|---|---|
Nominative | - | -(*)s |
Nominative definite | da(t)- | da(t)- -(e)r |
Genitive | -(u)s | (u)ses |
Accusative | - | -(*)s |
Accusative definite | di(t)- | di(t)- -(e)r |
Dative | -(t)on | -(t)ons |
Causative | -(*)lan | -(*)lans |
Ablative | dut -(u)s | dut -(u)ses |
Lative | dut -(t)on | dut -(t)ons |
Loc.-prep. | dut - | dui -(*)s |
Instrumental | -(a)kon | -(a)kons |
[*] = vowel harmony, depends on last or first vowel of the word.
If can also be replaced with Causative + ka postpositioned sometimes.
Verbs[edit | edit source]
Verbs tend to conjugate according to both subject and object.
Verb "to be"[edit | edit source]
To make the verb to be with a noun or an adjective you can add the suffix -(n)*l followed by the verb suffix, where * is the last vowel of the word root.
Example: həundulə= I am a dog, wahəundulestakur = I wouldn't want to be a dog
to make it "to become" use the suffix -(d)inêkel(ə)
Həundinêkelə = I become a dog, I am becoming a dog
I have made you become a dog = Þəlen həundinêkelafo
REFLEXIVE[edit | edit source]
REFLEXIVE[edit | edit source]
Tense | þə | vö | êr | jə | hə | nə/ô |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | -əs/es | -as | -ins | -eśis | -avis | -iśas |
Persistive | -estas | -astas | -istas | -esteis | -əstes | -istes |
Near past | -efas | -afos | -ifas | -esefis | -əvefs | -isefes |
Remote past | -enefas | -anafes | -enifas | -enesefis | -inəvefas | -inisefs |
Near future | -elas | -alos | -is | -esels | -əvels | -isels |
Far future | -eles | -ales | -enilas | -enesels | -inəvels | -inisels |
with 2nd person object[edit | edit source]
add (d)uk to all no-object endings
Indicative Mood[edit | edit source]
with no object
Tense | þə | vö | êr | jə | hə | nə/ô |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present | -ə/e | -a | -in | -eś | -əv | -iś |
Persistive | -est | -ast | -ist | -este | -əste | -iste |
Near past | -ef | -afo | -if | -esef | -əvef | -isef |
Remote past | -enef | -anafe | -enif | -enesef | -inəvef | -inisef |
Near future | -el | -alo | -il | -esel | -əvel | -isel |
Far future | -ele | -ale | -enil | -enesel | -inəvel | -inisel |
Conditional Mood[edit | edit source]
Same as indicative with 'wə-' or 'wa(h)-' prefix before the verb root. There is no real rule on which one to use, usually people just use the one that sounds better in a said context.
Infinitive[edit | edit source]
-na
Imperative Mood[edit | edit source]
2nd person singular: verb root+unt (umas with defined 3 object, umuk 2)
2nd person plural: verb root+untir (umras, umruk)
Other persons present form + (n)unt (they should **** = conditional+imperative)
Inferential Mood[edit | edit source]
Same as indicative with 'aśa(v)-' prefix. Used to report unsure information.
Participle[edit | edit source]
Participle is made with -(k)ap
Passive[edit | edit source]
To make the verb passive add the suffix -(t)inde (before the negative suffix)
Passive-negative is -(t)indekur
Specifying progressive action[edit | edit source]
Progressive aspect can be shown using "ardast".
Maňes ardast, irum lüdən!!! = I am eating, go away!!!
Negative[edit | edit source]
To make the verb negative add -(a)kur
Adjectives[edit | edit source]
Adjectives are usually formed by noun root plus '-(a)c̆ə' suffix.
The prefix pl(i)- makes it become more (adjective)
pluðəc̆ə = faster
The prefix kurpl(i)- makes it become less (adjective)
kurpluðəc̆ə = less faster
han = comparation proposition
Həundur pluðəc̆eneliste han gulur.
Adverbs[edit | edit source]
Adverbs are usually formed by noun root plus '-(a)vlə' prefix.
Syntax[edit | edit source]
Word order is mainly SVO.
Questions are made with "ka" at the end.
INFINITE = U(N) before
Vocabulary[edit | edit source]
No. | English | Feyðlit |
---|---|---|
1 | I | þə |
2 | you (singular) | vö |
3 | he | êr |
4 | we | jə |
5 | you (plural) | hə |
6 | they | nə |
7 | this | kuś |
8 | that | ked |
9 | here | čui |
10 | there | čei |
11 | who | śin |
12 | what | śon |
13 | where | śen |
14 | when | śep |
15 | how | śenlə |
16 | not | vên |
17 | all | aht |
18 | many | ðôl |
19 | some | sim |
20 | few | pôki |
21 | other | nełeda |
22 | one | inś |
23 | two | śvo |
24 | three | ðai |
25 | four | þü |
26 | five | wən |
27 | big | grôs |
28 | long | lôn |
29 | wide | löun |
30 | thick | śôðok |
31 | heavy | pšant |
32 | small | mikər |
33 | short | ze |
34 | narrow | zeb |
35 | thin | zek |
36 | woman | duňam |
37 | man (adult male) | nam |
38 | man (human being) | udnam |
39 | child | peunam |
40 | wife | verduňam |
41 | husband | vernam |
42 | mother | grôsduňam |
43 | father | grôsnam |
44 | animal | bêstiê |
45 | fish | gləbaglajelo |
46 | bird | þôdo |
47 | cat | — |
48 | dog | həund |
49 | louse | — |
50 | snake | fiði |
51 | worm | — |
52 | tree | arber |
53 | forest | varkarberne |
54 | stick | stêk |
55 | fruit | meive |
56 | seed | łuna |
57 | leaf | foła |
58 | root | jənnüs |
59 | bark | böröti |
60 | flower | leör |
61 | grass | önbi |
62 | rope | kuśu |
63 | skin | þałe |
64 | meat | kress |
65 | blood | ötə |
66 | bone | öset |
67 | fat | grêś |
68 | egg | öf |
69 | horn | punt |
70 | tail | kôd |
71 | feather | plömə |
72 | hair | bubuňö |
73 | head | intə |
74 | ear | ərək |
75 | eye | ojə |
76 | nose | nêč |
77 | mouth | buj |
78 | tooth | diyyant |
79 | tongue | enbujke |
80 | fingernail | — |
81 | foot | püš |
82 | leg | gerpüš |
83 | knee | gênk |
84 | hand | harin |
85 | wing | ača |
86 | belly | panč |
87 | guts | — |
88 | neck | fokui |
89 | back | sken |
90 | breast | čeyyat |
91 | heart | koyyôr |
92 | liver | fəgəti |
93 | drink | glôjə |
94 | eat | maňə |
95 | bite | hêvə |
96 | suck | śüšə |
97 | spit | — |
98 | vomit | vômə |
99 | blow | śaffə |
100 | breathe | upaśəfə |
101 | laugh | lidə |
102 | see | — |
103 | hear | êndərə |
104 | know | śêperə |
105 | think | pêśə |
106 | smell | — |
107 | fear | — |
108 | sleep | dremə |
109 | live | visə |
110 | die | fulvisə |
111 | kill | debebnievnə |
112 | fight | klêngə |
113 | hunt | kacə |
114 | hit | klapêdə |
115 | cut | tałarə |
116 | split | — |
117 | stab | — |
118 | scratch | — |
119 | dig | — |
120 | swim | — |
121 | fly | fləvə |
122 | walk | — |
123 | come | gnəgə |
124 | lie | — |
125 | sit | — |
126 | stand | — |
127 | turn | — |
128 | fall | — |
129 | give | — |
130 | hold | tônguliə |
131 | squeeze | — |
132 | rub | — |
133 | wash | — |
134 | wipe | — |
135 | pull | krôlə |
136 | push | — |
137 | throw | — |
138 | tie | — |
139 | sew | — |
140 | count | — |
141 | say | bəsə |
142 | sing | kanbəsə |
143 | play | — |
144 | float | — |
145 | flow | — |
146 | freeze | — |
147 | swell | — |
148 | sun | śal |
149 | moon | — |
150 | star | brelo |
151 | water | akvo |
151 | rain | — |
152 | river | — |
153 | lake | — |
154 | sea | dolakvo |
155 | salt | sulto |
156 | stone | — |
157 | sand | — |
158 | dust | — |
160 | earth | mondə |
161 | cloud | — |
162 | fog | — |
163 | sky | sêlo |
164 | wind | — |
165 | snow | — |
166 | ice | — |
167 | smoke | fömje |
168 | fire | fokto |
169 | ash | defokto |
170 | burn | fokt |
171 | road | vind |
172 | mountain | jaðu |
173 | red | śenn |
174 | green | arbe |
175 | yellow | viala |
176 | white | sprame |
177 | black | dvedə |
178 | night | fulglurə |
179 | day | glurə |
180 | year | aln |
181 | warm | — |
182 | cold | — |
183 | full | — |
184 | new | — |
185 | old | agöl |
186 | good | kan |
187 | bad | ful |
188 | rotten | fulkan |
189 | dirty | — |
190 | straight | — |
191 | round | — |
192 | sharp | — |
193 | dull | — |
194 | smooth | — |
195 | wet | — |
196 | dry | — |
197 | correct | — |
198 | near | — |
199 | far | — |
200 | right | najjada |
201 | left | kômča |
202 | at | pôd |
203 | in | pôn |
204 | with | kôs |
205 | and | də |
206 | if | deta |
207 | because | dekalə |
208 | name | čedet |
Example text[edit | edit source]
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Aht udnamas niskatiste eleter də ijosačə diňatiyuda də þikyoyudas. Nə aśinšapaliste kôs kandasat də konsenšyat də mastiste ayuna inśi nełedatals bratarnete almamit.
Spoken sample[edit | edit source]
The following is a reading of the above text.