Discussion[]
Umbrean_Lessons/04_Another_object#Transitive_Verbs for style of part analyze, perhaps using this style? The Emperor Zelos 15:52, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- It would take up a lot of space, especially for longer sentences. Razlem 16:33, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- Fiar point, hmmmm suggestions? The Emperor Zelos 16:49, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- As far as I can see, the word order in Savazano repeats the one in English almost 100% of the time. I think the probability of this being the case when you are translating between two natlangs is close to zero.
- Ah, but it's not a natlang ;) It's doing exactly what it was designed to do, to convey the point as easily and precisely as possible. I bolded the words in the description; you'll see that the root system is what gives it its flexibility. Razlem 21:04, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- Precise and easily is a taste thing, in my eyes it isnt any of the two The Emperor Zelos 11:50, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- But English doesn't do it in the most precise way possible. It is just one method of giving the exact same (i.e. precise) meaning. It only SEEMS precise to you because it is your native language.PsykieKILLA 11:26, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- I have a problem with conlangs that mimic the way of expression in your native language. Adagio burner 21:14, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- It is rather soulless when it does occure, nothing new. The Emperor Zelos 11:50, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- Simple words yield simple results, which is why I originally wanted to translate a technical sentence. How else can I test the translation capabilities? Razlem 13:08, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- Thats why there is medium and hard sentences, technical sentences are too specific to certain cultures. a language of mediaval people cant do technical things, but you can construct a complicated sentence then anyway by using everyday concepts that is more or less common, The Emperor Zelos 17:55, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- Simple words yield simple results, which is why I originally wanted to translate a technical sentence. How else can I test the translation capabilities? Razlem 13:08, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- It is rather soulless when it does occure, nothing new. The Emperor Zelos 11:50, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- Ah, but it's not a natlang ;) It's doing exactly what it was designed to do, to convey the point as easily and precisely as possible. I bolded the words in the description; you'll see that the root system is what gives it its flexibility. Razlem 21:04, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- In particular, it is weird how the subordinate clause in the last sentence ends with the word "with", just like in English. I don't know if any other language does it the same way as English does, nut most natlangs would structure it differently. It definitely feels more like a word-to-word translation than a sentence in a different language. Adagio burner 20:11, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- I'm kind of confused, where do you see "with" at the end of a clause besides the original sentence? Razlem 21:04, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- "A(sing)- white(adj)(sing)- cart(n)(sing),- that(conj)- I(adj)(sing)- [fem(parent-sibling relation)]- go(v)(past)(perfective)- with(prep)" is the part that translates "A white cart that my aunt had gone with", right? This "go with" is very much English-specific. Natives of other languages could say "with-go", or "with which my aunt had gone", etc. Adagio burner 21:14, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- Ah! Thank you! That's actually what I was looking for when creating that clause (with which). I knew there was a better way, but I couldn't think of it at the time. Pitiful, I can't even decipher my native language T_T Razlem 04:23, May 8, 2010 (UTC)
- I like how you add the idioms you use The Emperor Zelos 20:28, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- "that-nom none-nom" in the last sentence: you probably meant accusative? "that" (the store) is the object of "like". Adagio burner 01:56, May 9, 2010 (UTC)
- Oh, wow, thank you. Well. Only "that" should be in the accusative. "...that none like." "None" is in the nominative, for "none" is a noun and is the subject for the verb "like". Thanks for telling me about the relative pronoun, though! LctrGzmn 03:44, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Right. BTW it's a little weird that, even though Adwan has genders, "that" does not change with the gender of the noun it refers to. Just a thought. :)
- Well no, why would it change? "That" is refferring to the store, which, like most nouns, are neuter by default and don't take up any gender. If it was to be referring to something with a gender, such as "my aunt", it would then become "sażoč", but since it's referring to the "store", or "ðrochym", which is genderless (a gendered "store", which can't possibly happen due to semantical rules, would be "ðrochymoč" or "ðrochymeš".) then it stays genderless, as does "saż". Does that make sense?
Yes of course. It is "that (neutral)" then. Makes perfect sense. Adagio burner 15:12, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Correct! Only since all nouns are neuter by default, they are not marked for being neuter. Rather, nouns in the feminine are marked for being feminine, and nouns in the masculine are marked for the masculine, while neuter nouns, which have no special indications, as the neuter gender is assumed, are not marked in glosses or in its morphology.
- I am quite lost in the very beginning of the last sentence. "move(passive) it(accusative) too-old(causative) wagon(accusative) white". There are two accusatives -- they are objects to which verbs? too-old -- is it an adjective? To which noun? Does it agree with the noun? Adagio burner 01:56, May 9, 2010 (UTC)
- Understandable. "It" is in the accusative, because it refers to the wagon, also in the accusative. There is only one verb in this sentence, which is "moved". There's no information about who is actually moving the cart, so there is no subject here. Since the cart doesn't do this on its own, it has to be in the accusative, not nominative. "dúkvykha" means "too-old-ness", so it's actually a noun. It points to the "it" preceding it. This was a tough sentence to translate, and although this would certainly be understood, there could be more optimal translations. Morymuga 08:52, May 9, 2010 (UTC)
Context[]
People seem to go on about context so for next one i ask this, think we should have strict context or let meaning be more flowing where we let each one determine the meaning as they see fit? The Emperor Zelos 21:06, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- For the one with the bird and the display window, can I know what exactly about flying by is so important. No one would ever say that a bird came flying towards a reasonably nearby area and after that immediately without stopping continued, going away from that nearby location. That is more or less how you have to translate it, including all the pointless details, which a Quai'op speaker would almost always omit. And also it would be nice to have evidentialities, so even though most languages wouldn't include evidentialities, they are almost always used in Quai'op. Or I could just use the indicative, but that wouldn't make much sense. —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 17:01, May 9, 2010 (UTC)
- Unfortunately i fail to understand what info you want The Emperor Zelos 17:33, May 9, 2010 (UTC)
- From what I understand- Instead of saying, "The bird is small", say something like, "The bird being in an undefined space (not) in the vicinity has the quality of weighing less than .5kg"
- Am I correct kenny? Razlem 17:24, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- No. It would translate as "not(indicative) large bird." But that's not the point I was trying to convey in that example. Take the following instances of "the bird flew by" as they would be in Quai'op
- 1) Li: I really dislike how the animals often disturb the people at my restaurant.
- Zhang: I know. A bird just flew by.
- In Quai'op, Zhang's reply would be "a bird came" because it is arbitrary that the bird flew away.
- 2) Li: Where did my pet bird go? I thought I saw it coming towards here.
- Zhang: A bird just flew by.
- In this case, we are emphasizing that it went away, so you would say "the bird flew away"
- 3) Li: Three hours and not a single bird. Maybe birdwatching in the Kalahari wasn't such a good idea.
- Zhang: A bird just flew by. You missed it.
- In this case, "a bird flew by" would be "a bird was seen"
- So you can see that "a bird flew by" could translate many different ways into Quai'op, but the entire meaning would virtually never be needed in context. Sorta get what I mean? —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 19:48, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Yes i get what you mean, I say we go by we let the person in question decied which they think fits best The Emperor Zelos 19:54, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Yeah. There are things that you just don't say in certain languages, even though they would be grammatically correct. Can't think of any examples. —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 01:23, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- Some languages differ dramatically in the way things are being expressed, both grammatically and in the way vocabulary is built. Yet IT is always possible to translate from one language to another, wit more or less acuracy, and all kinds of things are eing translated: prose, poetry, street signs. So: I guess one has to imagine he/she is a professional translator, and go ahead with the job. Of course more context would make the translation more accurate. But what we have has to make do. this time Maybe next time it makes more sense to translate a paragraph of meaningful text, instead of disjointed sentences? Adagio burner 02:11, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- Oooh, that'd definitely make things more challenging, yet easier to translate. I'm all up for that ^ LctrGzmn 02:14, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- I've already done that with Savazano and Logiano (example texts). It is certainly more challenging, but I find that it is a better test of grammar and vocabulary as far as usefulness. Razlem 02:37, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- Right, I've done a bit of translating myself as well. Yet, I find this forum to be a much easier way to study other people's languages. It takes too much time to go through the examples; here, with the grammar analysis and word-to-word translation, it is much easier to do. And it's more fun as well :) Adagio burner 03:22, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- It's also a lot easier when you have handpicked examples, rather than a gargantuan amount of sentences to randomly pick from. It gives one an incentive, and it also helps when other people put in their input, like this.
- Some languages differ dramatically in the way things are being expressed, both grammatically and in the way vocabulary is built. Yet IT is always possible to translate from one language to another, wit more or less acuracy, and all kinds of things are eing translated: prose, poetry, street signs. So: I guess one has to imagine he/she is a professional translator, and go ahead with the job. Of course more context would make the translation more accurate. But what we have has to make do. this time Maybe next time it makes more sense to translate a paragraph of meaningful text, instead of disjointed sentences? Adagio burner 02:11, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
Grades[]
Places grades here The Emperor Zelos 20:24, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
Seriously time to vote guys! The Emperor Zelos 20:41, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Savazano
- D
Template loop detected: Template:Grade: I feel the translations are a tad too direct, feels like there is barely any difference at all The Emperor Zelos 20:56, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- So I'm assuming that's under the "originality" category. Razlem 21:09, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Correct, of course meaning and such is nearly intact but that's because it is basically a word by word translation or so I feel The Emperor Zelos 21:30, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- So I'm assuming that's under the "originality" category. Razlem 21:09, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Mis Hio
- C
Template loop detected: Template:Grade: Rather decent, but I feel when looking at things information loss is rather great "animal of air" can be a bat, bird, insect or anything between The Emperor Zelos 21:51, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- "animal of air" is a Mis Hio idiom that means "bird". That's the basic rule of the language, the idioms are part of the vocabulary, and it's spelled out very clearly in the language description. Just like the phrases "tongue in cheek", "couch potato", "make ends meet", "spill the beans" etc, etc have very definite meanings in English, "hon kó" means a "bird" in Mis Hio and it is entered in the Dicutionary as such. You will find similar phenomena in many other languages, e.g. Chinese. Mis Hio simply takes this to the extreme, which was an interesting thing to do. :) Adagio burner 22:25, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- You're right about that. In Chinese, "animal" is "move thing." And it gets worse. Zoo is "move thing garden." —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 04:26, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- how is "bat" said?
- hon kó mita (animal of dark air), or hon kó mita hon lano quó (animal of dark air, animal with fur) if you want to be really precise. When you talk in Mis Hio, the first time you mention a bat in the conversation you would say the long version and then you'll reduce it to the shorter one. It is common to simply say hon when no other animals are being discussed, in the same way we'd say "it" in English when you know what "it" means. (Of course the limited number of pronouns in English limits their use: "it" can also mean any other object mentioned in the conversation. In Mis Hio this abbreviated form of reference can be used more extensively.)
- You're right about that. In Chinese, "animal" is "move thing." And it gets worse. Zoo is "move thing garden." —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 04:26, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- (Also note that "dark bird" is hon kó hon mita) Adagio burner 23:09, May 10, 2010 (UTC)
- Quai'op
- Adwan
- Mulanuqa
- Umbrean
There needs to be a cutoff because it's growing too big which will make it impossible to judge. No more entries for this contest. —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 19:48, May 13, 2010 (UTC)
Sentences[]
- The stone fell.
- A bird flew by my stores display window.
- The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me.
- A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old]
- Does [because it is just too old] describe the cart or the store? Razlem 15:03, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- P either, contextual
- Hmm, I translated it as the store being too old, but I guess the cart being too old makes much more sense. Mis Hio does not allow any ambiguity here, so I really need to pick one or the other. Adagio burner 20:01, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
- I assume you're not going to tell me the evidentialities, whether the bird is a paserine or not, or any other specifications? —Detectivekenny; (Info) Preceding text certified by R. Xun as of 01:36, May 11, 2010 (UTC)
- Does [because it is just too old] describe the cart or the store? Razlem 15:03, May 7, 2010 (UTC)
Contestants[]
Savazano[]
| Savazano | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Za klano tovas-pi | Ka mibo avas-pi fin za rugu zandiyo den ku lonsato. | Za gabnu rovo, mat vonas koyas-la, teras-pi an ko. | Ka vizu sargo, mat ku miravo zekas-pita an za lonsato kron, las las-ka pifaras-ma an ka lonsato, mat moba voruk vonas, pozat bo las danamuk gabnu-vorsole. |
| Description | The(sing)- rock(n)(sing)- fall(v)(past). | A(sing)- bird(noun)(sing)- fly(v)(past)- near(prep)- the(sing)- show(adj)(sing)- window(n)(sing)- of(prep)- I(adj)(sing)- [productplace](n)(sing). | The(sing)- old(adj)(sing)- [mascperson](n)(sing),- that(conj)- like(v)- read(v)(gerund),- walk(v)(past)- at(prep)- I(n)(sing). | A(sing)- white(adj)(sing)- cart(n)(sing),- that(conj)- I(adj)(sing)- [fem(parent-sibling relation)]-go(v)(past)(perfective)- at(prep)- [productplace](n)(sing)- with(prep),- is(v)- is(v)(active)- transport(v)(passive)- at(prep)- a(sing)- [productplace](n)(sing),- that(conj)- [noone]- much(adv)- like(v),- because(conj)- it(n)(sing)- simply(adv)- is(v))- old(adj)(sing)[full][very]. |
| English | The rock fell. | A bird flew near the display window of my store. | The old man, that likes reading, walked at I. | A white cart, that my aunt had gone to the store with, is being transported to a store, that no one much likes, because it simply is very fully old. |
Mis Hio[]
| Mis Hio | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Pun koro pun miksa plerti. | Hon kó hon miksa ní kó mi poi puo lio sikti pu huo hao kassi hu muo. | Men nuta men lua hikti tau men tiksa pokti muo. | Plas á tenu plas mina mot meo muo mot laksa plasu la mikti nakti huo hao kassi mi plasu nakti huo hao kassi sku lua hú lu nutsi hu nuta roi |
| Description (broken by root chains, cross-reference words are given in brackets) |
pun koro pun miksa plerti
pun koro - stone mi plerti - fall |
hon kó hon miksa ní kó mi poi puo lio sikti pu huo hao kassi hu muo
Idioms used: hon kó - bird mi ní kó - fly pu sio - window hu hao kassi - store |
men nuta men lua hikti tau men tiksa pokti muo
Idioms used: hi tau - read |
plas á tenu plas mina mot meo muo mot laksa plasu la mikti nakti huo hao kassi mi plasu nakti huo hao kassi sku lua hú lu nutsi hu nuta roi
plas á tenu - cart mot meo - aunt hu hao kassi - store |
| English | Stone went down. | Bird flew by showing window of my store. | Old man liking to read, man came to my side. |
White cart, my aunt used it to go to store, the cart is moved to store, no one likes that store for being very old. |
Quai'op[]
| Quai'op | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Ɣ'i pah ɣ'au froy' thro'm. | Frau ɣ'ron pah phor phioq ra' qú ce'h qú tsa' caj phrai q'he tsa' nau'. | Frau siot ɣ'au phuan 'a'n rai «súm 'iap ním» 'uof. | Híu rai 'iap cip qhrau cueh pfhrey' pran «phioq tsia'f ra'q per qhrau» ra'q «fún pfýc ním» 'yet. |
| Description |
descent (past) (visual) earth(term) stone |
come fly (past) (auditory) I(gen) store (gen) display (gen) near (term) go.away near paserine. |
came walk(past) (visual) I(term) male old «read (noun) pleasure» (adj-patient). |
too old (n) (caus) take (hearsay) cart white «I(gen) paternal.first.aunt store(term) go(past perfect) take» store(term) «(neg.aud) true pleasure» (adj-agent). |
| English Literal | Descend, I saw, to ground a stone. | Came flying, I heard, my store's display's nearby, to and after that from its nearby, a paserine. | Came walking, I saw, up to me, a male old, pleasured by reading. | Because being too old, something takes a cart white, they say, that my paternal first aunt to the store had gone to take, to the store I hear truly not pleasure. |
Adwan[]
| Adwan | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old]. |
| Translation | Káchhyna łyùfycje. | Ščaža tyše her késstena gližý ðrochar za ła chlyğeì. | Šöneš sað þaùres rytén teše ła þuìdeì žam. | Swačyna plés, zuþ saù wuďoč za toẃa, tylach ðrochym ðuìžac saż kel þaùrys oďy noìšönečneì yl. |
| Description | Rock-diminutive-nom 3rd-neuter-singular-fall-past:perfective. | Bird-nom 3rd-neuter-singular-go-past:perfective by window-loc view-gen store-gen me-gen at flight-abl. | Old-masculine-nom that-nom 3rd-masculine-singular-like read-infinitive 3rd-masculine-singular-past:perfective at foot-abl me-loc. | Car-diminutive-nom white-nom, with that-abl parent-sibling-feminine-nom me-gen 3rd-feminine-singular-past:perfect, 3rd-neuter-go-present:imperfect-passive store-loc another-loc that-acc none-nom 3rd-neuter-singular-like because-of excessive/too-old-ness-abl it-gen. |
| English Literal | Little rock fell. | Bird flew by window of view of store of me by way of flight. | Old that likes to read went by way of foot to/towards me. | Little car white, with that aunt of me had gone, is going (passive) to store another that none like because of excessive-oldness of it. |
Mulanuqa[]
| Mulanuqa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Adän tsandi jaren. | Adän romi romu'a shýjakoan naé hukrong. | Adän titi angoa kvytlan hau tavin rinci. | Alän auhi ene dúkvykhae juge chady, he hau adä aohi oonoo shtánagang hukroan ó, hukroa hau tavix dé ene. |
| Description | (past, definite) fall stone(accusative, definite) | (past, definite) fly bird(nominative) display window (lative, definite) past shop-mine (locative, possessive 1. singular) | (past, definite) walk me(lative) old man (nominative, definite) who/which like(general pronoun; the one in question) read. | (present, definite) move(passive) it(accusative) too-old(causative) wagon(accusative) white, which(acc) (past) move(perfect) it(instrumental) aunt(nominative, possessive 1. singular) shop(lative, definite) (end of which clause), shop(lative) which likes noone(nominative) really it(accusative). |
| English Literal | At a certain point in the past falls stone. | At a certain point in the past fly a bird display window past in shop mine. | At a certain point in the past walks to me the old man who likes he reads. | Right now being moved because of it too old a cart white, which in the past had moved with it my aunt to the shop, to a shop which noone likes really it. |
Umbrean[]
| Umbrean | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Nëënolü loymösavy | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| Description | Stone/Rock-[Int Non Def Sg] Fall-[past perf]-[3P int] | |||
| English Literal | The stone fell | |||
Sukika[]
| Sukika | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Taggoin paambelleddena. | Iwahus igguskadduddena middihubbiggin ayaddahlukyu. | (Mibbimiggin) puyu ohnidduddena uddameskellin, tagga kabbiggiaubba in´angau. | Oyahaf tifkosh, taggaddu laddutyu limbaanduddena puggarkiyuin, yuhum´oggiaa puggarkiyu, taggau illishtuf wamahkush kabbiggiaubba, tehmuish num´a inella huarmaos. |
| Analysis | Tako-in paapne-le-ten-a. | Iwahut ikutka-tut-ten-a mittihup-ik-in ayatal-huk-yu. | (Mipim-ik-in) pu-yu ohni-tut-ten-a utamet-kel-in, taka kapi-ki-a-up-a in´anga-u. | Oyahap tipkok, taka-tu latut-yu lipmaam-tut-ten-a pukakli-yu-in, yuhum´o-ki-a-a pukakli-yu, taka-u iliktup wamak-huk kapi-ki-a-up-a, tehmu-ik num´a inel-a huarma-os. |
| Description | Stone (def.) fall (perf.)(past)(3s) | Bird fly (aor.)(past)(3s) display window (abl.)(def.) store (gen.)("my") | [Direction (abl.)(def.)] me (dat.) walk (aor.)(past)(3s) man (old)(def.), who enjoy (stat.)(pres.)(3s-dir.obj.)(3s) reading (accus.) | White cart, which (instr.) aunt ("my") go (aor.)(past)(3s) store (dat.)(def.), transport (stat.)(pres.)(3s) store (dat.), which (accus.) nobody real (gen.) enjoy (stat.)(pres.)(3s-dir.obj.)(3s), cause (abl.) it be (3s) old (intens.). |
| English | The stone fell (and is still there). | A bird flew (once) by/next to the display window of my store. | (With the direction) to me came the old man, who likes (a) reading. | A white cart, with which my aunt (once) went to the store, is in the state of being transported to a store, which nobody likes of real, with cause it is very old. |
Tláymyts[]
| Tláymyts | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Bátlè gyaó. | Bézèlw fwwó fedlemíb nemaí rushét. | Fárew únan gy énè ríl fyeú èdán níb. | Gélwzè plèmgè gíg nêmay dáy demaí etú rwshéb zí ráfè oné rwshéb gí mêmkan lyérn énè zún gít árè nyúdw fáray a. |
| pronunciation | [ʲbatlɛ jaʲhɔ] | [ʲbɛzɛlW fWʲhwɔ fedleʲmiba nemaʲhi ɾWʲtʃɛta] | [ʲfaɾo ʲhunan ʲjɛnɛ ɾil fjeʲhu hɛʲdan ʲniba] | [ʲjœlWzɛ ʲplɛmjɛ ʲjiga ʲnemɛ dɛ demaʲhi tu ɾWʲtʃɛba ʲziɾafɛ hoʲnɛ ɾWʲtʃɛba ji ʲmemkhan lɪʲheɾn ʲhɛnɛ zun ʲjita ʲhaɾɛ ʲnjuffaɾa] |
| Description | Stone fall (perf.)(3s) | Bird fly (perf.)(3s) display window (dat./abl.) my (obl.) store (gen.) | Old man that enjoy (pres.)(3s) to read come (perf.) up to me (gen.) | White cart, which (instr./commit.) my aunt go (pluperf.)(3s) store (dat./abl.), take (pres.)(3s)(pass.) store (dat./abl.), which (accus.) nobody really enjoy (stat.)(pres.)(3s), what (gen.) it very old. |
| English | Stone fell (once). | Bird flew (once) by/next/through/up to display window of my store. | Old man who loves to read came (once) up to me. | White cart, with which my aunt had gone to store, is taken to one store, which nobody really loves, only for what it is very old. |
Oregian[]
| Oregian | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell | A bird flew by my store's display window | The old man (who enjoys reading) walked up to me | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Ichido iya sumisai | Guchino mitzuka yumite horunotisa no gausor iya. | Chikeku chito, shi cubo lotsemi, iri ore bahiteteru | Ikitemo sutzube, cushor ore no gabtsu wa kichin gausor yar, dewa dubitayo gausuma, shi yubor cotaito, kausu doshte yuwa siniro chibida tosu iyaderu. |
| Description | Ichido - stone Iya - past, completed sumisai - to fall |
Guchino - a bird, mitzuka - to fly, yumi~te - display~of mine, horunotisa - a window, no - 'of' - gausor - store, shop, iya - past, completed | Chikeku - the eldery man, chi~to - old-being, shi - 'that', cubo - to be fond of, lotsemi (lotsu) - to read, iri ore - to me (movement), bahiteteru - past, incomplete, (kind of like: was walking). | Ikitemo - a fast moving vehicle, sutzube - of the white colour, cu~shor - 'with which', ore no - my/mine, gabtsu ~wa - aunt, kichin - into, gausor - store/shop, yar - to go/to walk, dewa - to be (passive), dubitayo - transported (present, incomplete) gaus~uma - to a store, shi - that, yu~bor - nobody~by, cotai~to - loved~is, kausu - 'for the reason that', doshte - no meaning (intensifies the next word), yuwa - it (nom.), siniro - just (for no other reason), chi~bida - too~old, tosu - to be (for adjectives), iyaderu - expresses action that is likely to continue in the future |
| English | The rock has fallen | A bird flew by the display window of my store. | The old-being man, who loves reading, walked up to me. | A fast moving white vehicle, with which my aunt had gone into the store, is being transported to a store, that is loved by nobody, for the reason that it is just too old (and will still be too old in the distant future). |
Izkaironki[]
| Izkaironki | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Γαβαρα φωλκιτζεν διθ | Βυ σπαντᾦrυ γιλλύηεαν μιζ γωρυναω ιλὐιμακεριργυν βλᾳφιτζεν διθ | Ιζυντσε ιηε λᾳἱε λάιενα ναιεκα τυταλκτιτζεν διθ | Βυκ ίμνισυ τυννώτș, ιηεχινιρς μιζ ωζεζκι γωρυναρια εγεγωικῴ, βυ γωρυνιρι ιηαγ εσκιγυμ λᾳἱε, υακα σατίνιτικ υδαλακώ, βερδωχωσυν γατι |
| pronunciation | /gabára folkídzen díθ/ | /buspantówru gillúɲean míz gorunáo iluimakerírgun blajfídzen díθ/ | /izúntse íɲe lájhje lájena najéka tutalketídzen díθ/ | /bukímnisu tunnótʃ, iɲeχínirs míz ozéski gorunárja egegoikój, bugoruníri iɲakh eskígum lájhje, wáka satínitik udalakó, berdoχósun gáti/ |
| Description | Stone-the(nominative) fall (past-3rd person singular) | A bird-(nominative) by/in front of my store-'s display-(dative because of the preposition) fly (past-3rd person singular) | Oldman-the(nominative) that-(nominative) likes reading-(accusative) me-up-to walk (past-3rd person singular) | A white-(nominative) cart, which-with my aunt-(nominative) store-to-the had-gone, a store-to which-(accusative) nobody likes, too old-(accusative) is-because, transport-(passive) (present continuous 3rd person singular) |
| English | Stone the fell | A bird by my store's display window flew | Old man the that likes reading me up to walked | A white cart which with my aunt to the store has gone, to a store which nobody likes, too old is because, is being transported. |
Delang[]
| Delang | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old]. |
| Translation | Deperez fre frenadeni grosup. | Anavin freeri na dewentauqwill aundekopin aunaz. | Deman fren [ziti ljubi,] fremarzji aunj az. | Anqaxi tem [damita aunaz fremarzjy ona aunj dekopin,] gro aunj ankopin [ce homi ljubi] fremiteri [,onaq ani zizko fren]. |
| Description | The-stone in-past in-past-falling down. | A-bird in-past-flying on/by the-wind-eye/window belonging-to-the-shop belonging-to-I. | The-man old [reading loving,] in-past-walking to me. | A-cart white [the-aunt belonging-to-I in-past-walking with to the-shop,] in-future to a-shop [zero human loves] in-past-send [,because it too old]. |
| English Literal | The stone was was falling down. | A bird was flying by the window of my shop. | The old man [loving reading,] walked to me. | A white cart [my aunt walked with to the shop,] will to a shop [nobody loves] (be) sent [,because it (is) too old]. |
Tekapton[]
| Tekapton | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old]. |
| Translation | Ro roksusht. | Gurgeak goksaak ksaspegungesor gegorgedojal gen. | Kapo, lilaton lata tek, kodi duspen. | Rakrefol rafanfean, monmemaz men moksugorgedojal ksavel, raksugorgedojal gata teyek togepo pel. |
| Description | Rock (abl)movement-(all)bottom. | Bird (abl)flying (inn)neighborhood-(gen)window (gen)store (gen)me. | Oldman, reading (inn)love (gen)he, (abl)arrival (all)neighborhood-(gen)me. | Cart (inn)color-white, aunt (gen)me (abl)movement-(all)store (inn)help-(gen)it, (inn)movement-(all)store (inn)love (gen)none-(gen)person (abl)cause-(gen)old-age (gen)it . |
| English Literal | Rock moved down. | Bird was flying at the side of the window of my store. | Old man, he likes reading, came to my side. | Cart of white color, my aunt moved to the store with its help, is moved to the store, no one likes it from the cause of its old age. |
Langi[]
| Langi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Steli fallon. | Orθi vingon baliθ mu dyanu dispaliportas. | TBA | TBA |
| Description | Stel-i~Stone/Rock-[Abj Sg] fall-on~Fall-[past imperfect] | Orθ-i~Bird-[Abj Sg] ving-on~Fly-[past imperfect] baliθ~By m-u~[1stPerson]-[Gen Sg] dyan-u~Store-[Gen Sg] dispal-i-port-as~Display-[Abj Sg]-Window-[Prep Sg] | ||
| English Literal | Stone fell. | Bird flew by my store's display-window. | ||
Gurcaj[]
| Gurcaj | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Original | The stone fell. | A bird flew by my store's display window. | The old man [that enjoys reading] walked up to me. | A white cart [which my aunt had gone to the store with] is being transported to a store [that no one really likes] [because it is just too old] |
| Translation | Aiur sakrok asjaroks. | Fyo a airo aiur vi ratjens khanpor anei prygpor joc. | Aisingu e narrun vego gusot khanorme krafji aras. | Aior tsho pajo aikun miu maoc as prygnei unggusotsup meirun vei to vego. |
| Description |
abs-lat-go-past medium-rock to-under-rock-2nd. |
abl-abl-(verb) (one) breathe abs-lat-go-past bird near-portal-2nd sight-for (one)-in business-for I-gen. | abs-lat-walk-past 3rd-1st person old pleasure look-(noun) collection-page to-near-2nd. | abs-lat-go vehicle white abs-lat-accompany sister mother-gen (one)-2nd business-in un-pleasure-erg all-person because too old. |
| English Literal | Went medium-sized rock to below rock. | In that which is breathed went a bird through near a portal for sight where business is mine. | Walked him to I a person old pleasured by looking at collections of pages to near. | Go a vehicle white accompany my sister of mother to a place for business unpleasuring everyone because too old. |