Aryanas - conlang with Indoeuropean lexicon and aprioric grammar, created by Vsyorad in 2009.
Phonology[]
Vowels[]
| a | a | ɑ |
| ä | ä | æ |
| e | e | e |
| i | i | i |
| o | o | o |
| ö | ö | ɵ |
| u | u | u |
| ü | ü | ʉ |
Diphthongs[]
| ai | ai | ɑi |
| au | au | ɑw |
| ao | ao | ɑo |
| äi | äi | æi |
| äu | äu | æw |
| äo | äo | æo |
| ea | ea | eɑ |
| ei | ei | ei |
| eu | eu | ew |
| eo | eo | eo |
| iu | iu | iʉ |
| oi | oi | oi |
| ou | ou | ow |
| öi | öi | ɵi |
| öu | öu | ɵu |
| ua | ua | wɑ |
| uä | uä | wæ |
| ue | ue | we |
| ui | ui | wi |
| uo | uo | wo |
| üa | üa | ʉɑ |
| üä | üä | ʉæ |
| üe | üe | ʉe |
| üi | üi | ʉi |
| üo | üo | ʉo |
Consonants[]
| b | b | b |
| c | [ | ʝ |
| ç | c | ç |
| d | d | d |
| f | f | f |
| g | g | g |
| h | h | x |
| j | \ | ʐ |
| k | k | k |
| l | l | l |
| m | m | m |
| n | n | n |
| p | p | p |
| r | r | r |
| s | s | s |
| ş | ] | ş |
| t | t | t |
| v | v | v |
| x | x | ɣ |
| y | y | j |
| z | z | z |
Grammar[]
Nouns[]
Gender[]
- masculine animate
- feminine animate
- non-human animate
- inaminate
Cases[]
- 1. Nominative - subject of transitive and intransitive sentences
- 2. Passive - subjest of passive voice
- 3. Possessive - possessing
- 4. Accusative - patience or obliquial case
- 5. Partitive - after numbers; patience of imperatives and negative sentences
- 6. Instrumentative - instrument, wav, by something
- 7. Comitative - with something
- 8. Ablative - from, of
- 9. Allative - to
- 10. Inessive - in, inside
- 11. Adessive - at, alongside, beside, by, close
- 12. Elative - out of something, from inside
- 13. Illative - movement into something
- 14. Essive - temporary state of being
- 15. Excessive - marking a transition from a condition
- 16. Translative - change of a condition into another
- 17. Egressive - marking the beginning of a movement or time
- 18. Prolative - movement using a surface or way
- 19. Superessive - on top of, or on the surface of something
- 20. Subessive - location under or below something
- 21. Superlative - denote objects over which or onto the top of which another object moves (movement over or onto the top of is important here)
- 22. Sublative - movement towards the bottomsides or the area under an object
- 23. Durative - in time of something
- 24. Delative - movement from the surface of something
- 25. Intrative - amidst
- 26. Antessive - used for marking the temporal relation of precedence or antedating
- 27. Revertive - backwards to something
- 28. Sociative - together
- 29. Distantive - afar of something
- 30. Apudessive - location next to something
- 31. Alterative - in instead for something
- 32. Vocative - used for addressing someone, with or without a preposition
Adjectives[]
Gender adjectival endings[]
- masculine -as
- feminine -a"
- non-human animate "-o"
- inaminate -e
Comparison of adjectives[]
| Positive | Comparative | Optimative | Superlative |
| vasas | vastras | vasamas | vasistas |
| good | better | best | best (totally) |
| navas | navtras | navamas | navistas |
| new | newer | newest | newest (totally) |
Verbs[]
Tenses[]
| modal verb füti - 'to be' | |
| 1.
augment a- + -än-, -n- | |
| 1.
augment a- + -än-, -n- | |
| - | |
| 1.
augment ä- + -ez-, -z- | |
| 1.
augment ä- + -ez-, -z- | |
| future form of modal verb füti |
Aspects[]
| Completive | preffixation: u-, pa- | Full rules are very complicated. | |
| Non-completive | -, -ar- | ||
| Iterative | 1.
reduplication of first syllable of word stem with wovel's ablaut to -e-, | ||
| Repetative | 2. preffix pi- | ||
| Continuative | preffix da- | ||
| Momentative | 1.
ablaut | ||
| Simulfactive | preffix mai-, m- | ||
| Intentional | preffix ra-, r- | ||
| Intensive | 1.
reduplication of first syllable of word stem with enfeebling lenition a consonant in reduplicated morpheme, | ||
| Deminutive | 1. reduplication of first syllable of word stem with strengthening lenition a consonant in reduplicated morpheme
, | ||
| Desiderative | preffix vo-, v- | ||
| Conative | preffix or- | ||
| Preparative | suffixation: -eos-, -eoş-, -ss-, -şş- | ||
| Pausative | preffix zä-, z- | ||
| Prospective | suffixation: -ik- | ||
| Fragmentative | suffixation: -aup- | ||
| Acceptative | preffix hai-, hay- | ||
| Corrective | preffix ön- | ||
Moods[]
| Indicative | - | |
| Inferential | -oş-, -ş- | |
| Hypotethical | -olp-, -lp- | |
| Conditional | -em-, -m- | |
| Imperative | [patrz niżej] | |
| Potentional | -alv-, -lv- | |
| Optative | -äç-, -ç- | |
| Cohortative | -öşş-, -şş- | |
| Jussive | -ant-, -nt- | |
| Promissory | -ik-, -k- | |
| Obligative | -ej-, -j- | |
| Energetic | -apş-, -pş- | |
| Admitative | -ah-, -h- | |
| Necessitative | -içt-, -çt- |
Sound changes from Proto-Indo-European to Aryanas[]
In Sound Change Applier code:
| @=aeiou C=ptcqbdgmnklrhsćśγščńñŋηβǵʰm̩n̩l̩r̩ |
Lexicon[]
Aryanas - lexicon
Example text[]
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