Conlang
Don't have an account?
Register
Register
Conlang
Conlang Wiki
5,422
pages
in: Ashouctian

Changes: Ashouctian/Orthography

< Ashouctian
Back to page
Sign in to edit
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 294: Line 294:
 
| style="text-align:center;"|
  
| style="text-align:center;"|
 
| style="text-align:center;"|
  
| style="text-align:center;"|
−
| style="text-align:center;"|choʼ
 +
| style="text-align:center;"|chʼ
 
| style="text-align:center;"|
  
| style="text-align:center;"|
 
| style="text-align:center;"|
  
| style="text-align:center;"|
Line 337: Line 337:
 
|
  
|
 
|}
  
|}
−
*The acute accent marking an ejective consonant is written on the following vowel, and never on ‹o›
 +
*The acute accent marking an ejective consonant is written on the following vowel, but never on ‹o›
  +
===Strong and weak consonants===
−
*The graphemes ‹t to d t<span style="text-align:center;">ʼ s so sh sho s</span><span style="text-align:center;">ʼ c co c</span><span style="text-align:center;">ʼ</span><span style="text-align:center;"> co</span><span style="text-align:center;">ʼ</span>› can all represent two distinct consonant sounds and they are distinguished using a special grapheme referred to as a "weak vowel" or a "strong vowel".
 +
The graphemes ‹t to d t<span style="text-align:center;">ʼ s so sh sho s</span><span style="text-align:center;">ʼ c co c</span><span style="text-align:center;">ʼ</span><span style="text-align:center;"> co</span><span style="text-align:center;">ʼ</span>› can all represent two distinct consonant sounds. In order to distinguish the two different sounds, the vowels following the grapheme are written differently.
−
**/t tʷ d tʼ s sʷ z zʷ sʼ k kʷ kʼ kʼʷ/ are indicated by a weak vowel following the consonant grapheme
  
  +
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable"
−
**/t͡ʃ t͡ʃʷ d͡ʒ t͡ʃʼ ʃ ʃʷ ʒ ʒʷ ʃʼʷ q qʷ qʼ qʼʷ/ are indicated by a strong vowel following the consonant grapheme.
  
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row"|Grapheme
  +
! scope="col"|t
  +
! scope="col"|to
  +
! scope="col"|d
  +
! scope="col"|tʼ
  +
! scope="col"|s
  +
! scope="col"|so
  +
! scope="col"|sh
  +
! scope="col"|sho
  +
! scope="col"|sʼ
  +
! scope="col"|c
  +
! scope="col"|co
  +
! scope="col"|cʼ
  +
! scope="col"|coʼ
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row"|Weak sound
  +
|/t/
  +
|/tʷ/
  +
|/d/
  +
|/tʼ/
  +
|/s/
  +
|/sʷ/
  +
|/z/
  +
|/zʷ/
  +
|/sʼ/
  +
|/k/
  +
|/kʷ/
  +
|/kʼ/
  +
|/kʼʷ/
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row"|Strong sound
  +
|/t͡ʃ/
  +
|/t͡ʃʷ/
  +
|/d͡ʒ/
  +
|/t͡ʃʼ/
  +
|/ʃ/ 
  +
|/ʃʷ/
  +
|/ʒ/
  +
|/ʒʷ/
  +
|/ʃʼʷ/
  +
|/q/
  +
|/qʷ/
  +
|/qʼ/
  +
|/qʼʷ/
  +
|}
  +
==Vowels==
  +
There are 4 vowels in Ashouctian asl well as 4 diphthongs. Each vowel and diphthong has a weak and a strong variant, the strong variants of which are used after certain consonant graphemes in order to distinguish it from it's weak counterpart.
  +
===Weak vowels===
  +
These vowels are used after the so-called weak consonants, namely /t tʷ d tʼ s sʷ z zʷ sʼ k kʷ kʼ kʼʷ/
  +
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable"
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Front
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Mid
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Back
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|Close
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|i
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|u
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|Mid
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|e
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|Open
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|a
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|
  +
|}
  +
====Diphthongs====
  +
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable"
  +
|-
  +
! scope="col"|
  +
! scope="col"|/ai/
  +
! scope="col"|/au/
  +
! scope="col"|/əi/
  +
! scope="col"|/əu/
  +
|-
  +
!Grapheme
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|ai
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|ao
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|ei
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|eo
  +
|}
  +
===Strong vowels===
  +
There are two types of strong vowels
  +
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable"
  +
! colspan="4" scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|
  +
! colspan="4" scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|
  +
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Front
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Mid
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Back
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Front
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Mid
  +
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;"|Back
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|Close
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
! style="text-align:center;"|Close
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|Mid
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
! style="text-align:center;"|Mid
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|-
  +
! scope="row" style="text-align:center;"|Open
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
!Open
  +
|
  +
|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|}
  +
  +
====Diphthongs====
  +
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable"
  +
|-
  +
! scope="col"|
  +
! scope="col"|/ai/
  +
! scope="col"|/au/
  +
! scope="col"|/əi/
  +
! scope="col"|/əu/
  +
|-
  +
!
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|-
  +
!
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
| style="text-align:center;"|
  +
|
  +
|}
 
[[Category:Ashouctian]]
  
[[Category:Ashouctian]]

Revision as of 01:18, 1 October 2014

The Ashouctian language uses the Latin alphabet. The 70 consonants and 4 vowels of the language are not represented in a 1:1 grapheme to phoneme ratio, but the language can be transcribed with little abiguity.

This article or section requires fix up.
It will be done soon.

Alphabet

Despite the large number of sounds in the language, it only uses 18 letters of the Latin alphabet, but also makes use of the accute accent.

a á b c d e é f g h i í l m n o ó p r s t u ú

The letters are named as follows:

a be ca de e fa ga fhas i al am an u-* pe rra si ta u

Letters with the acute accent are ignored when reciting the alphabet because the acute accent is used to mark ejective consonants. The language never makes use of j k q v w x y and z outside of foreign names. Loanwords are transcribed phonetically into the language. 

Ashouctianization of Loanwords

Grapheme IPA Ashouctian spelling
j /d͡ʒ/ d and strong vowel
/j/ i
/ʒ/ sh and strong vowel
k /k/ c
q(u) /k/
/kʷ/ co
v /v/ mh
w /v/
/w/ bh
/u/ u
x /ks/ cs
/x/ h
y /j/ i
/i/
z /z/ sh

Consonants

The 70 consonants of Ashouctian are transcribes using the following system.

Labial Alveolar Post-alv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Plain Lab. Central Lat. Pl. Lab. Pl. Lab. Pl. Lab. Pl. Lab. Pl. Lab. Pl. Lab.
Pl. Lab.
Nasal m mo n no ng ngo
Stop Voiceless p po t to c co c co dt dto
Voiced b d do g go
Ejective pʼ tʼ toʼ cʼ coʼ cʼ coʼ
Affricate Voiceless th tho t to
Voiced ts d
Ejective thʼ tʼ
Fricative Voiceless f fo s so ll s so sr sro h ho ch cho fh
Voiced mh sh sho sh sho shr shro gh gho
Ejective sʼ llʼ sʼ chʼ
Approximant l r ro i io bh
Trill rr
  • The acute accent marking an ejective consonant is written on the following vowel, but never on ‹o›

Strong and weak consonants

The graphemes ‹t to d tʼ s so sh sho sʼ c co cʼ coʼ› can all represent two distinct consonant sounds. In order to distinguish the two different sounds, the vowels following the grapheme are written differently.

Grapheme t to d tʼ s so sh sho sʼ c co cʼ coʼ
Weak sound /t/ /tʷ/ /d/ /tʼ/ /s/ /sʷ/ /z/ /zʷ/ /sʼ/ /k/ /kʷ/ /kʼ/ /kʼʷ/
Strong sound /t͡ʃ/ /t͡ʃʷ/ /d͡ʒ/ /t͡ʃʼ/ /ʃ/  /ʃʷ/ /ʒ/ /ʒʷ/ /ʃʼʷ/ /q/ /qʷ/ /qʼ/ /qʼʷ/

Vowels

There are 4 vowels in Ashouctian asl well as 4 diphthongs. Each vowel and diphthong has a weak and a strong variant, the strong variants of which are used after certain consonant graphemes in order to distinguish it from it's weak counterpart.

Weak vowels

These vowels are used after the so-called weak consonants, namely /t tʷ d tʼ s sʷ z zʷ sʼ k kʷ kʼ kʼʷ/

Front Mid Back
Close i u
Mid e
Open a

Diphthongs

/ai/ /au/ /əi/ /əu/
Grapheme ai ao ei eo

Strong vowels

There are two types of strong vowels

Front Mid Back Front Mid Back
Close Close
Mid Mid
Open Open

Diphthongs

/ai/ /au/ /əi/ /əu/
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.