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Delang
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Name: Delang

Type: Fusional

Alignment: Direct

Head Direction: Mixed

Number of genders: 4

Declensions: Yes

Conjugations: Yes

Nouns declined according to
Case	Number
Definitiveness	Gender
Verbs conjugated according to
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect

Delang is an artistic language with its main word base from English, Russian, Latin and French, while other words are from other languages or created. Delang has its own wiki. Delang has currently more than 2000 dictionary entries, or a total of more than 20000 words. The purpose of the language is to be spoken and written.

	Gender	Cases	Numbers	Tenses	Persons	Moods	Voices	Aspects
Verb	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Nouns	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Adjectives	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	No	No
Numbers	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Participles	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Adverb	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Pronouns	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
Adpositions	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Article	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Particle	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No

Setting[]

In ancient times, during the long war with the warmongering Negans, a barbarian people from the northern peninsula, Latin was facing defeat. Using captured Negan sailing vessels, the Latin fled their native home land, Terra Domus. With their ships stretched beyond their limit they set foot on an uninhabited island they called Terra Insula. Over the years gone by since that time, the Latin language, now called Delang, has been simplified and influenced both by the archipelago, an island continent now called Illte, and other refugees from Terra Domus, now called Domte. Heaviest influence came from the Franzi, descendants of conquered Latins, Angli and Ruzi fleeing from the conquering Danga-people, descendants of the Negans.

Lately the Danga-people has become aware of the legend of an island continent to the southeast, and built ships to sail to Illte. Being far from Domte, the Danga-people have left Illte and the Illomi, the island people, alone, but blocks any contact between the continents, except that between The Second Empire and Illomi officials.

To the east, unknown to the Danga-people and protected from them by the Illomis, lies the continent of Zjaunjo, the second largest continent in the world.

Phonology[]

Consonants[]

Consonant phonemes of Delang
	Labial		Dental/Alveolar		Post-alveolar		Palatal	Velar		Uvular/Glottal
Nasal	m				n			ŋ (ng)
Plosive	p	b	t	d				k	g	q
Fricative	f	v	s (s/c)	z (z/ce)	ʃ (zj)		ʂ (sj)	x		h
Approximant			l		ɭ (ll)	ɹ (r)		w

Soft and hard consonant pairs in Delang
Soft	b	c	d		k	l	m/n	r	ce-/s	v	w
Hard	p		t	g	q	ll	m/n	x	z	f	h

N is soft before g, s, t and z, while m is hard after a, e and o.
Foreign word may end on soft l. I.e. qamel, mul and nemul.

Words ending on a consonant has to end on a hard consonant
Words starting with s- has to be followed by eu or another consonant
Words starting with ce- becomes ze- when the word is paired after another word
Words starting with c- can only be followed by e
Words starting with z- cannot be followed by e
In the combination dh and wh, the h is silent (i.e. a heart - anqardh /anqard/, the water - daqwh /daqw/)
q cannot be followed by u

Vowels[]

Vowels in Delang
Orthography	IPA	Description
a	/ɑ/	open back unrounded
aj	/ɑj/
au	/ɔ/	open-mid back rounded
e	/e/	close-mid front unrounded
ej	/ej/
eu	/ø/	close-mid front rounded
i	/i/	close front unrounded
j	/j/	palatal approximant semivowel
o	/u/	close back rounded
u	/ʉ/	close central rounded
y	/y/	close front rounded

a cannot be followed by a, e, i or y
e cannot be followed by a, i, or y, except for au
j cannot follow or be followed by i
y can only follow a soft consonant or a vowel

Syntax and Grammar[]

Syntax[]

The basic syntax of Delang is Subject-Verb-Object, but as long as the meaning of the sentence is clear, other word orders are acceptable. Some words take precedence and are always placed in the same position in any sentence while other words always changes the word order.

Fre and gro[]

The verb tense indicator fre (in-past) and gro (in-future) are universal words used to indicate a natural action or that the following words are to happen or has happened. While indicating a natural action the verb is usually omitted. The indicators are often used in polite questions. In polite questions and natural action, the indicator always starts the sentence, while when indicating that a part of the sentence is to happen or has happened, the indicator is placed before the words to be modified in tense.

Examples:

Gro ip az delef, az groomeli despaurtin. (natural action)
(in-future if I definite-high, I in-future-better the athlete)
If I became higher, I would become a better athlete.
Nefazill langi ip hami eqwall fre hami. (indicating former person)
(Difficult saying if he-or-her equal in-past he-or-she)
Difficult to say if he or she equals the one from before.
Gro dexauj aunvy groaunjeni. (polite)
(in-future the king/kingdom belonging-to-you in-future-come)
May your kingdom come.
Gro vy aunj az detee? (polite natural action)
(in-future you to me the tea)
Would you please get/send me the tea?
Fre miteri vy aunj az cetee? (familiar natural action)
(in-past sending you to me that-tea)
Would you send me the tea?
Fre vy mori aj dezervidin aunSnape ili wivi aj Xattzwanz?
(in-past you dies as the-doe belonging-to-Snape or lives as rat-tail)
Would you die like Snape's doe or live like Wormtail?
Gromiteri vy aunj az cetee! (rude)
(in-future-send you to me that-tea)
You, send me the tea!

Genitive[]

Two forms of genitive exist in Delang possesive genitive and related genitive. Neither can be used i place of the other. Both genitive forms can coexist on the same stem.

Possesive genitive[]

Possesive genitive are formed by adding the prefix aun- (belonging-to-) to any noun, pronoun or name. Any declination of the stem is kept after the genitive prefix. The capitalization of the first letter in the name is also kept. The word belonging to the genitive word are always placed in front of the genitive word.

Examples:

Deqrom aunLeviqardh
(the-color belonging-to-Heaven)
Heaven's color. The color of Heaven.
Deqrom aundezile
(the-color belonging-to-the-sky)
The sky's color. The color of the sky.

Related genitive[]

Related genitive are formed by adding the suffix -ell, -ill or -ll to any number, noun or name. The stem can be declined. related genitives are never paired with another word, unless it is also a possesive genitive. related genitives are used to make ordinal numbers, imply someone working with the noun used as stem or to denote a language belonging to a country.

Examples:

anqruqj (a pot) - anqruqjell (a potter)
Angli (England) - Anglill (English)
anze (11) - anzell (11th)
dvezetri (33) - dvezetrill (33rd)
jezzjez (66) - jezzjezill (66th)
Deqrom aunanqruqj (possesive genitive)
(the-color belonging-to-a-pot)
A pot's color. The color of a pot
Deqrom aundeqruqjell (possesive and related genitives)
(the-color belonging-to-the-pot-worker)
The potter's color, The color of the potter.

Adjectives[]

In Delang adjectives can be placed fairly free. However the easiest usage is usually to place the adjective after the noun. That way any declination of the noun are done before declining the adjective.

All the following examples are grammatically correct:

A good book: an naz anlibexin, anlibexin naz, an naz Liberxin
There are better books: nizi denaz celibexin, nizi celibexin denaz
That is the best book: kazenaz celibexin, celibexin kazenaz
These four books are the best: kazenaz katirelibexin, katirelibexin kazenaz

Punctuation[]

( ) are used to insert supplementary information into a text.
, (comma) are used to separate clauses and to indicate that the following word are not directly connected to the preceding word.
Note: The word nau (but) are always preceded by a comma.
: (colon) are used to start lists
; (semicolon) are used to separate items inside a list.
& (inclusion mark) are used to include items inside a list.
| (exclusion mark) are used to exclude an item inside a list.
. (period or full stop) are used to end sentences and to initialize names.
Note: When initializing names, no space is to follow the period sign. (Examples H.C.Andersen, J.K.Rowlings, J.R.R.Tolkien)
? are used to end a question.
! are used to to end an exclamation.
«» are used to enclose a quotation.
"" are used to enclose a word, or series of words, used in a different meaning than ordinary, or to use a word jokingly.

Grammar[]

Noun[]

Declination of nouns and adjectives in Delang
English	Stem	Singular			Plural
		Singular			Nonnumerical		Numerical
		Indefinite	Definite	Special	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
		an-	d-/de-	capitalized	ce-/z-	des-/dez-	#-	ka#-
tea	tee	antee	detee	Tee	cetee	destee	cetee	kazetee
lemon	zitex	anzitex	dezitex	Zitex (sour, broken)	cezitex	dezzitex	dvezitex	katrizitex
hope	ellp	anellp	dellp	Ellp	zellp	dezellp	tirellp	kapatellp
game	igex	anigex	digex	Igex	zigex	dezigex	jezigex	kazemigex
deer	cervid	anzervid	dezervid	Cervid (tractor, John Deer)	cezervid	dezzervid	vamzervid	kajatzervid
stick	bataung	anbataung	detataung	Bataung (dick, cock)	cebataung	desbataung	anzebataung	anzanbataung
high, long	lef	lef	delef					kazelef
nice, good	naz	naz	denaz					kazenaz

Names are never declined
Nouns always have a prefix, although nouns in the dictionary are only written using the base stem.
Adjectives are declined as nouns, but in the lesser version no prefix is used. Only definite-zero are used in numeric definite plural.

Pronoun[]

Personal pronouns in Delang
Person	Singular	Plural
Person	Singular	Inclusive	Exclusive
1st	az	maz	miz
2nd	vy	vaz	viz
3rd	ani	anaz	aniz
Masculine	mani	manaz	maniz
Feminine	fami	famaz	famiz
Common	hami	hamaz	hamiz

Masculine, feminine and common personal pronouns are only used for living beings. Masculine for males, feminine for female and common for hermaphrodites or when the gender of non-hermaphrodites are unknown or cannot be determined.

Verbs[]

Verb conjugation in Delang
Present	Past	Future
-	fre-	gro-
auni (owns)	freauni (owned)	groauni (will own)
langi (speaks)	frelangi (spoke)	grolangi (will speak)

Verbs can be created from most nouns by adding the suffix -i to the noun stem. For nouns ending in -j, the j is usually replaced by i.

Note that not all words ending in -i are verbs. This includes the personal pronouns, zodiac signs, names, medical terms, fomi (hermaphrodite child or offspring), foni (male child or offspring), grolevi (up), i (and), ili (or), izi (here), komi (tree), pliqomi (forest), tri (three) and other words.

Dictionary[]

Delang
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Numerals in Delang
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
0	ce	an	dve	tri	tire	pat	jez	cem	vam	jat
10	anze	anzan	anzdve	anstri	anstire	anspat	anzjez	anzzem	anzvam	anzjat
20	dveze	dvezan	dvezdve	dvestri	dvestire	dvespat	dvezjez	dvezzem	dvezvam	dvezjat

30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100	101	110	256	1000	1945
triz	tirez	padz	jezz	cemz	vamz	jadz	sta	stan	stanz	dvestapadzjez	mill	milljadstatirespat

Years are numbered in centuries, so the year 1945 would be anzjadstatirespat and 2010 dvezestanze.

Ordinal numbers are created by the suffixes -ill, after consonant, and -ll, after vowels.

Days of the week
Monday	Tuesday	Wednesday	Thursday	Friday	Saturday	Sunday
Mantema	Taqeto	Korno	Famtema	Malomo	Sabado	Qardtema
Man's day	Sharp	Horn	Woman's day	Round	Sabath	Hearth's day

Timing words in Delang
	former	present	future
day	postema	kazetema	pretema
year	postaurbi	kazeaurbi	preaurbi

See also Delang Swadesh List and astronomical list.

Example text[]

Kazelang fre anprelevit anill.

Onaq ani libell qwalitee, auswauta i paulzaswauta, ani frewauti aunj Prelevit.

This language was a-feature first.

Because it level (of) quality, awe-value and use-value, it was-voted to Feature.

This language was once featured.

Thanks to its level of quality, plausibility and usage capabilities, it has been voted as featured.

Pa aunmaz, vy intra Leviqardh.

Gro denam aunvy grozankti.

Gro dexauj aunvy groaunjeni.

Gro dewilj aunvy na Tellex aj in Leviqardh.

Aunj maz depizj aunmaz kazenyktem.

Aunj maz groauni, aj maz groauni denezankt aunmaz.

Pri maz ne intex nezankti, nau pri maz naunj denezankt.

Aj dexauj aunvy, i demajt i dau all desnyktem.

Amen.

Father belonging-to-we-all, you inside Heaven.
In-future the name belonging-to-you in-future-sanctify.
In-future the kingdom belonging-to-you in-future-come.
In-future the will belonging-to-you on Earth as in Heaven.
To we-all in-future-have/forgive, as we-all in-future-have/forgive the sin/evil belonging-to-we-all.
Lead we-all no inside sining, but lead we-all from the sin/evil.As the kingdom belonging-to-you, and the power and the glory all the nights-and-days.

Amen

Our Father, which art in heaven,
hallowed be thy name;
thy kingdom come;
thy will be done,
in earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
as we forgive them that trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptation;
but deliver us from evil.
For thine is the kingdom,
the power, and the glory,
For ever and ever. Amen.

Jesuz fretreni pizj, frefretexi, i langi: "kazeqarne naunj Qarne aunaz, jezi. Gro ani aj growilj aunaz".

Aj Jesuz fretreni anbibex, frebibri, i langi: "kazesanj naunj Sanj aunaz, bibri. Gro ani aj growilj aunaz.

Jesus held food, broke, and speaks: "definite-zero-meat from meat belonging-to-I, eating. In-future it as last-will belonging-to-I."

Then Jesus held a-drink, drank, and speaks: "definite-zero-blood from blood belonging-to-I, drinking. In-future it as last-will belonging-to-I."

Jesus took bread, broke it, and said: "This is flesh from my flesh, eat it. Do this as a testament to me.

Then Jesus took a drink, drank from it and said: "This is blood from my blood, drink it. Do this as a testament to me.

Fre interlange:

All homi frepartauni kazenelemqin i all cehomiswauta i all cehomilibert. Hamaz auni kazefakult i kazemoxall, i gro aunhamaz aj dezeusken aundeqardh.

Old translation (Desember 5th, 2009):

All human in-past-born definite-zero-frees and all human-moneys and all human-rights. They-all have definite-zero-reasons and definite-zero-consciences, and in-future belonging-to-they-all as the siblings belonging-to-the-heart.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Nauwh interlange:

All Homi in nelemqin frepartauni, i hamaz eqwall in Homiswauta i Homilibert. Hamaz fremiteri Fakult i Moxall, i gro aunj hamaz aj dezeusken aunQardh.

New translation (May 25th, 2010):

All Human in freedom in-past-birthing, and they-all equall in Human-value and Human-right. They-all in-past-giving Reason and Moral, and in-future to they-all as the-siblings belonging-to-the-Hearth.

New translation:

All humans are in freedom born, and are all equall in value and rights. They are all given reasoning and morallity, and should all be as brothers in brotherhood.

Ljube pazjeni, omi, nexeuflangi, auni ne ceswautalibexin, zuvxi all, qaunfidi all, ellpi all, zuvxiqi all i gro all desnyktem.

Nau gro Qaunfid, Ellp i Ljube, nau kazebigg anaz Ljube.

Love is-patient, is-kind, not-rough-speaking, having no money-books, suffering all, believing all, hoping all, enduring all, and in-future all the nights-and-days.

But in-future (the) Faith, (the) Hope and (the) Love, but definite-zero-big they-all (the) Love.

Love is patient and kind, doesn't brag, keeps no record, suffers all, believes all, hopes all, endures all and remains forever.

But for now, these remains: faith, hope and love, but the greatest of them is love

Gro cevole naunj mill ceqamel grolezi ceomj intra dana aunhami gronezankti aunj vaz kazeaurbi, i gro cebraz aunhami groqlin aj hami ne xaderi.

In-future flies from 1000 camels in-future-lie eggs inside the-ass belonging-to-who in-future-do-evil to you-all definite-zero-year, and in-future the arms belonging-to-who shrink as who no scratching.

May the flies from thousand camels lay egg in the ass belonging to the person who ruins this year for you and your kin, and may his arms shrink so that he can't scratch himself.

...