Dongbuzenytihach

Dongbuzenytihach is the language spoken in the Dongbuzenytihav, an ocean located on the planet Baltus. The primary speakers are Encephalopods, inhabitants of the planet.

Dongbuzenytihach Dongbuzenytihach
Type
Fusional
Alignment
Priori
Head direction
Unspecified
Tonal
No
Declensions
Yes
Conjugations
Yes
Genders
No
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Pharyngeal
Nasal	m		n		ŋ
Plosive	p b		t d		k g
Affricate				t͡ɕ d͡ʑ
Sibilant fricative			s z	ɕ ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative		f v	θ̠		(x͡ɕ)	ħ
Approximant			ɹ	(j)	w
Lateral approximant					ʟ

There is an undefined sound that is most similar to the "sj-sound" and is commonly considered a co-articulated [x] and [ɕ]. It is a relatively rare sound in the language.

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i y		u
Close-mid		ɘ	ɤ
Open-mid	ɛ		ɔ
Open	a

Writing system

Dongbuzenytihach, like many other Encephalopod languages, use a sophisticated combining script.

Transcription

a	b	ɕ	d	d͡ʑ	ɛ	ɘ	f	g	ħ	i	j	k	ʟ	m	n
a	b	š	d	dž	ä	e	f	g	h	i	j	k	l	m	n
ŋ	ɔ	p	ɹ	s	t	t͡ɕ	u	ɤ	v	w	x͡ɕ	y	z	ʑ	θ̠
ng	o	p	r	s	t	č	u	ŏ	v	w	hš	y	z	ž	þ

"tj" can be used as a t which transitions into ʑ.

Glyphs

Phonotactics

Thanks to the null glyphs, the phonotactics are more variable than the script could suggest. Some of the most common formations iinclude (CV)CVCV and CVCCV. The loanwords in the language can include a /j/

Sound Changes

• /z/ becomes [s] before an unvoiced consonant and /s/ becomes [z] before a voiced consonant.
• /ɤ/ becomes [o] after /w/.
• Velar stops shift to palatal consonants before /i/, /y/.
• /ɹ/, /ʟ/ become [j], [ʎ] respectively before /i/, /y/.
• /i/, /y/ shift to [ɨ], [ʉ] after /w/.

Grammar

Dongbuzenytihach grammar is relatively complex, as the language is fusional. There are a lot of suffixes that include various meanings in them.

Verbs

Verbs conjugate according to mood, tense, person, number and voice.

Inf = rešoti	Indicative					Interrogative	Imperative	Subjunctive
	Present	Past		Future				Past
		Perfective	Imperfective	Perfective	Imperfective
se	rešol	rešomal	rešomaleri	rešeþol	rešeþoleri	rešumse	-	rešepol
ča	rešeze	rešomze	rešomzeri	rešeþeze	rešeþezeri	rešumča	rešez	rešepze
do	rešeka	rešomaka	rešomakari	rešeþaka	rešeþakari	rešumdo	rešek	rešefka
sŏ/kyng	rešeto	rešometo	rešometori	rešeþel	rešeþeleri	rešumsŏ	rešet	rešefto
bon	rešezŏ	rešomzŏ	rešomzŏri	rešeþezŏ	rešeþezŏri	rešumbon	rešezwa	rešepzŏ
vim	rešekä	rešomakä	rešomakäri	rešeþakä	rešeþakäri	rešumvim	rešekwa	rešefkä

Inf = kačiti	Indicative					Interrogative	Imperative	Subjunctive
	Present	Past		Future				Past
		Perfective	Imperfective	Perfective	Imperfective
se	kačil	kačimal		kačiþil		kačumse	-	kačypol
ča	kačyze	kačimze		kačiþyze		kačumča	kačyz	kačypze
do	kačyka	kačimaka		kačiþaka		kačumdo	kačyk	kačyfka
sŏ/kyng	kačito	kačimito		kačiþyl		kačumsŏ	kačit	kačyfto
bon	kačyzŏ	kačimzŏ		kačiþyzŏ		kačumbon	kačyzwa	kačypzŏ
vim	kačykä	kačimiakä		kačiþykä		kačumvim	kačykwa	kačyfkä

Oti (Be verb)

Inf = oti	Indicative			Interrogative	Imperative	Subjunctive
	Present	Past	Future
se	ogol	omal	eþol	ogumse	-	ogepol
ča	eze	omze	eþeze	ogumča	ez	epze
do	ogeka	omaka	eþaka	ogumdo	ogek	ogefka
sŏ/kyng	eto	ometo	eþel	ogumsŏ	et	efto
bon	ezŏ	omzŏ	eþezŏ	ogumbon	ezwa	epzŏ
vim	ogekä	omakä	eþakä	ogumvim	ogekwa	ogefkä

Nouns

Nouns can have three suffixes: -a, -e, and -o. Their plural form is -ä, -ŏ and -u, respectively. A noun never ends in an open front vowel, unless it is a loanword, in which case it does not conjugate.

Declination	Example word root	Singular suffix	Plural suffix	Singular	Plural
1st declination	fŏr- (unit of capacity)	-a	-ä	fŏra	fŏrä
2nd declination	goh- (tentacle)	-o	-u	goho	gohu
3rd declination	däživ- (an animal)	-e	-ŏ	däžive	däživŏ

Adjectives

Adjectives form the same declesion pattern as their respective nouns. The following table declines the root "wišos-", "slimy". Adjectives are pre-nominal, meaning that they come before the noun they are referring to.

Declination	Singular suffix	Plural suffix	Singular	Plural
1st declination	-a	-ä	wišosa	wišosä
2nd declination	-o	-u	wišoso	wišosu
3rd declination	-e	-ŏ	wišose	wišosŏ

Articles

There are no indeterminative articles. Determinative articles have 6 forms, depending on the noun referred to.

	SIngular	Plural
1st	ra	rä
2nd	ro	rilu
3rd	re	rŏ

Adpositions

Adpositions in Dongbuzenytihach are prepositions and include: čo/ču (to), nge/ngŏ (from), ze/zŏ (of), þa/þä (because of) and po/pu (by, using).

Syntax

Word order

The word order is commonly SVO.

Lexicon

See Dongbuzenytihach/Vocabulary.