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| Yeul 츨 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| No | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General information[]
Yeul is the national language of Yeul and Thule; it originated in a future Europe of this world, and became influenced by Japan and Korea due to gaming and otaku industries.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| Bilabial | Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m (m) | n (n) | ŋ (ng) | ||||
| Plosive | p (p) b (b) |
t (t) d (d) |
k (k) | ||||
| Fricative | f (f) v (v) |
θ (th) | s (s) z (z) |
x (g, ch)* | h (h) | ||
| Affricate | ʋ (w) | ts (ts) | |||||
| Trill | r (r) | ||||||
| Lateral approximant | l (l) | ||||||
| Approximant | j (y) |
* g is pronounced more like [χ].
Vowels[]
| Front | Near-Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | iˑ (y) iː (ī) yː (ū) |
ʉ (ou) | |||
| Near-Close | ɪ (i) ʏ (u) |
||||
| Mid | əː (eu) | ||||
| Open-Mid | ɛ (e) | ɔ (o) | |||
| Open | aː (ā) | ɑ (a) | |||
The diphthongs are /eɪ/ (ē), /oʊ/ (ō), /ɛɪ/ (y), /aɪ/ (ea).
Writing System[]
The Yeul script uses a variant of Hangul; due to computers' power, it is different handwritten, compared to when it is typed. Yeul also uses about 500 logographs based on Japanese Kanji.
Yeul script
handwritten example digitalized : 긧잇안얷암퓌러덗듸오쁴엉릿쮜릳던인츨
| vowels | long vowels | specials | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ㅏ | a | ㅑ | ā | ㅒ | y |
| ㅓ | e | ㅕ | ē | *ㅔ | ea |
| ㅗ | o | ㅛ | ō | *ㅖ | ou |
| ㅜ | u | ㅠ | ū | ㅡ | eu |
| ㅣ | i | ㅐ | ī | *+ (ㅚ) | ' |
*ㅔ and ㅖ are more written like 二 and ェ (double and double+connected eu), but are not typable in 한글.
*+ is written like an asterisk, though also this can't be typed in the current 한글. ㅚ is the temporary use for it.
| Initial Consonants | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ㄷ | t | ㅌ | d |
| ㅍ | p | ハ*ㅃ | f |
| ㄱ | k | ㅋ | g |
| ㅎ | h | θ*ㄲ | ch |
| メ*ㅊ | y | ㅂ | b |
| z*ㄹ | l | ㄹ | r |
| ㅁ | m | ㄴ | n |
| ᐁ*ㅉ | w | v*ㅆ | v |
| ㅅ | s | ㅈ | z |
| ㅇ | - | コ*ㄸ | th |
*These are not included in typable 한글, so they are replaced by the character after the asterisk. In Yeul the consonants can form groups of two, in most cases this is not possible in 한글, thus the first consonant is written with a ㅟ vowel. The ㅚ vowel acts as a non-existent vowel for the time being.
*In some cases th is written as 긔. *L is temporarily also written as ㄹ (r).
| Final constonants | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ㄷ | t | ㅌ | d |
| ㅍ | p | ハ*ㅍ | f |
| ㄱ | k | ㅋ | g |
| メ*ㅎ | h | ㅇ | ng |
| ..* | y | ㄴ* | ..n |
| z*ㄹ | l | ㄹ | r |
| ㅁ | m | ㄴ | n |
| ᐁ*ㅆ | w | v*ㅆ | v |
| ㅅ | s | ㅈ | z |
| ㅊ | ts | ㅡ* | ..t |
*..t (final final t) is written below the vowel, however this can't be done in 한글, so this will be added as a whole character following; the same goes for ..n(final final n). Final final t : 듸; final final n: 늬
*Final y/j is written as a double dot beneath the character. Yeul has particles, to prevent awkwardness they write a "punctuation" after the particles, they look like ㅏ for horizontal and ㅜ for vertical writing.
Yeul also has a futuristic looking abugida, though this isn't yet typable on the computer. It is read top-to-bottom, right-to-left.
Verbs[]
There are two kinds of verbs in Yeul, verbs that end on -en and verbs that end on -in.
Verbs in their dictionary forms form nouns and can be used as objects subject etc.
The Conjugation : of tense[]
| -en | -in | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Noun Form (infinitive) | -en | 언 | -in | >인 |
| Present | -t | 왿 | -ing | 잉 |
| Past | -es | 엇 | -yes | 첫 |
| Future | -a | 아 | -ya | 차 |
| Near-Future | -ara | 아라 | -ira | 이라 |
| Omnitense | -aya | 아차 | -iya | 이차 |
The Suffixes[]
| -en | -in | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal | -nes | 넛 | -isen | 잇언 |
| Humble | -mes | 멋 | -imen | 이먼 |
| Extreme | -dan | 탄 | -itan | 이단 |
| Equal | -ook | 욕 | -ook | 욕 |
| Posibility | -ka | 가 | -ki | 기 |
| Anti-Posibility | -ky | 걔 | -kai | 가이 |
| Negative | -ny | 냬 | -iny | 이냬 |
| Comparative | -as | 앗 | -as | 앗 |
| Anti-Comparative | -nis | 닛 | -inis | 이닛 |
| Opposive | -nea | 네 | -inea | 이네 |
| Anti-Opposive | -we | 쩨 | -wi | 찌 |
The Conjugation : imperative[]
| form | -en | -in | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| let's | future + formal | a nes | 아넛 | ya isen | 차잇언 |
| let's a bit.. | future + humble | a mes | 아멋 | ya imen | 차이먼 |
| let's a lot | future + extreme | dan | 아탄 | ya itan | 차이단 |
| let's not | future + negative | a ny | 아냬 | ya iny | 차이냬 |
| let's also | future + equal | a ook | 아욕 | ya ook | 차욕 |
Examples[]
|
dictionary form |
to work (work) |
wer euk en |
짤윽언 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
present |
I work (at this moment) | wer euk t | 쩔윽왿 |
|
past |
I worked | wer euk es | 쩔윽엇 |
|
future |
I might work | wer euk a | 쩔윽아 |
|
certain future |
I will work | wer euk ara | 쩔윽아라 |
|
omnitense |
I work (fact) | wer euk aja | 쩔윽아차 |
|
extreme |
I work a lot | wer euk dan | 쩔윽탄 |
|
imperative |
Let's work | wer euk a nes | 쩔윽아넛 |
| comparative | I work like | wer euk t as | 쩔윽왿앗 |
| equal | I also work | wer euk t ook | 쩔윽왿욕 |
| anti-opposive | I don't rest | wer euk t we | 쩔윽왿쩌 |
Syntax[]
The Yeul sentence is SV Everything can be placed freely around the verb, as long as is made sure that it is initiated with a particle. + To make it easy to understand each others sentences, some people use an initial particle for the verb. This varies a lot in dialects.
| particle | |
|---|---|
| time | on 온 |
| place* | op 옾 |
| place* from | va 싸 |
| place* towards | nā 냐 |
| indirect object | ān 얀 |
| direct object | eut 읃 |
| subject *** | k' 귀 |
| verb + | yo 초 we 쩌 to 도 ya 차 |
| adverbs | lē 려 |
* place = place action is at the moment of speech (or the moment the time particle declares)
* place from = the place the action started, could also be the sender of the direct object (to the indirect object)
* place towards = the place the action is going to
* a place could also be a goal or something vague.
*** only needed if sentence doesn't start with subject, though this is nearly unpronounced.
Relativity.
| particle | |
|---|---|
| and | en 언 |
| and not | enny 내 |
| or | euf 읖 |
| and/or | yen 천 |
| ownership | no 노 |
| ? >what's it called? | in 인 |
Within parts this shows nor words are equal (maybe equal) in equal or belong to each other.
Vocabulary[]
Numerals[]
| English | Yeul | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| one |
1 |
eu(n) 으/은 | 一 |
| two |
2 |
tvē 뒤쎠 | 二 |
| three |
3 |
dje 튀처 | 三 |
| four |
4 |
dō 툐 | ロ |
| five |
5 |
fy 빼 | 五 |
| six |
6 |
sē 셔 | 六 |
| seven |
7 |
sēne 셔너 | 七 |
| eight |
8 |
attu 앋두 | 八 |
| nine |
9 |
nēn 년 | 九 |
| ten |
10 |
tyn 댄 | 十 |
| one hundred |
100 |
hōn 횬 | 百 |
| one thousand |
1 000 |
dys 탯 | 千 |
| ten thousand | 10 000 | deu 트 | 万 |
Personal Pronouns[]
Though while talking to another person or refering to a person is usually done by using their names. For the people you don't now the name of you use these pronouns.
This is not for the first person though, as that one is used more frequent than using one's own name (though it isn't weird using your own name to refer to yourself)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | ik 익 | wy 쨰 |
| 2nd person | dy 턔 | thy 떄 |
| 3rd person | hy 햬 | hem 험 |
Demonstrative Pronouns[]
| english | yeul | |
|---|---|---|
| this | 텻 | dēs |
| that (close) | 턧 | dys |
| that (far away) | 탓 | das |
Interrogative Words[]
| english | yinneu | yeul | latin | use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| who | 誰 | 타 | da | person |
| what | 何 | 나 / 난 | na / nan | object / action |
| where | 쨜 | wār | place | |
| why | 롬 | rom | reason | |
| when | 쨘 | wān | time |
*For the questions where and when the yinneu for what and place or time. (this is spoken as either what+place/time or where/when)
Example text[]
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
全人초生아차읃쀠럐언等인威헅언正
zenman yo bōrnenaya eut fry en glyk in wārthyd en rēekt
For more sentences go here