Haithrashara or Haithraxara (/haɪθraˈʃaɾa/) is spoken on the island continent of Haithras. It effectively died out in approximately 11,000 B.C after a global cataclysm.
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Creator | [[User:|]] |
Classification and Dialects[]
Haithrashara Standard is spoken throughout Haithras as a unifying and political/religious tongue.
Each kingdom has their own dialect, which don't generally stray too far from the standard tongue. They are all mutually intelligible with each other.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||||
Plosive | p - b | k - g | ʔ | |||||||||
Fricative | f - v | θ - ð | ʃ | h | ||||||||
Affricate | tʃ | |||||||||||
Approximant | w | j | ||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||
Flap or tap | ɾ | |||||||||||
Lateral fric. | ||||||||||||
Lateral app. | l | ʎ | ||||||||||
Lateral flap |
Vowels[]
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | i | u | |||
Near-high | |||||
High-mid | |||||
Mid | ɛ | o | |||
Low-mid | |||||
Near-low | |||||
Low | a |
Phonotactics[]
Writing System[]
Letter | a | i | e | o | u | |||||||
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Sound | a | i | ɛ | o | u | |||||||
Letter | i | u | ts | |||||||||
Sound | j | w | tʃ | |||||||||
Letter | ||||||||||||
Sound |
Example texts[]
The language of the Haithrasharaú is spoken in a land of beauty: Haithrashan artaurathai lumioran vra uathatz arta o'aithin aith.
The seas of Haithras: Haithrashan Iuorrat.
And from the sky rocks fell: Ha loanda tauat éularinoha .
There are ways: Ainúat õdaithá / Õdaithá ainúat.
By my life and by my blood, I will die for Haithras: Tziro iuiave ha tziro olthraave, i'ñetziuinoan Haithrashagen.
My name is ____: Tziro ithana ____ aith. / Ithana tziatz ____ aith.
My little black cat is beautiful: Tziro iki ñau uets lumi aith.
I will make a house in this forest: I'ithinoan iuifeu ivraõda thauef.
Do you not have a cat? (Are you catless?): Han ñetzñau thar?
Do you not have a cat?: Han tze ñau shuats? (Do no cat on you?)
Do you help people? Han úith'aihith vroau?
There is a cat in the forest: Õd ñau ivoraõdaef aith.
.............
My hovercraft is full of eels: tziro ___ horaho ___ aith
Grammar[]
Syntax[]
Penultimate syllable takes word stress.
SOV (VOS for emphasis only).
Adjectives come after nouns, but can precede them for emphasis.
Verb Conjugations[]
*Verbs marked with prefix to indicate agent,
ithin (to make)
i'ithin (I make)
u'ithin (you make)
au'ithin (you make *plural)
ûe'ithin (you make *two)
o'ithin (he makes)a
a'ithin (she makes)
îa'ithin (we make) "inclusive we"
ai'ithin (we make) "exclusive we"
eû'ithin (they make)
oa'ithin (it makes)
Pronouns[]
I: tzi
My: tziro
You: shu
Your: shuro
You (plural): shuo
Your (plural): shuau (shuara originally)
You (two): sui
Your (two): suiro
He: e
His: ero
She: i
Her: iro
We: mu
Our: muo
They: ei
Their: eio
It: u
Its: uo
Verbs[]
To be: ithá
Is: aith
Am: athra
Are (you - singular): thar
Are (y'all): thare
Are (they): ethi
Are (we - inclusive): otho
Are (we - exclusive): utho
Was (he, she, it): thia
Was (I): artha
Was (you): rath
Was (y'all): arath
Were (we - incl.): otho
Were (we - excl.): othu
Were (they): ithe
Things to be / Things that have been[]
*Used to form future and past tense verbs, as well as to form new nouns*
-oha: transformative suffix indicating something is completed. Used as a past tense marker on verbs as well. Can also indicate something very old, often pejoratively.
Ivoraoha: wood (tree that was/used to be) iui+vra (uvu vor-)
I'ithinoha: I made
-oan: transformative suffix indicating something is to be. Used as a future tense marker on verbs as well. (seed = tree/plant to be). Can indicate something that is a novice or underdeveloped.
Ivoroan: seed (tree to be/that will be)
I'ithinoan: I will make
Prepositions[]
*Prepositions act like suffixes, which cause a mutation in certain final consonants.
*s>sh, t>th, tz>tsh, l>ll (lh), n>ñ (nh), r>rr, k>g, g>h
Haithras
Haithrashaef (In Haithras),
Haithrashan (Haithras's),
Haithrashergi (With Haithras),
Haithrashara (Of Haithras "Haithrasian", used for places),
Haithrashagen (for Haithras),
Haithrashainu (to Haithras).
Haithrashaiha (out of Haithras)
Haithrashave (by Haithras)
Arta (Word),
Arthaef (In the word),
Arthan (The word's),
Arthergi (With the word),
arthuthi (under the word),
arthothri (over the word).
Ol (Water),
Olaef (In the water),
Olats (On the water),
Oluthi (Under the water),
Olothri (Over the water),
Olan (The water's),
Olergi (With the water).
Olagan (For the water),
Olainu (to the water)
Olaiha (out of the water)
Augra (mountain),
augraef (in the mountain),
augrats (on the mountain),
augruthi (under the mountain),
augrothri (over the mountain),
augran (the mountain's),
augrergi (with the mountain),
augragen (for the mountain),
augrainu (to the mountain),
augranda (from the mountain),
augragua (around the mountain)
augraiha (out of the mountain)
*Possession indicated with suffix -ats (on) attached to pronoun.
"ñau uath tziats aith" (I have a cat, lit: cat a on-me is)
Plurals[]
*Plural used for humans or human creations "-ú" (Sometimes used for cats out of respect)
Vroaú (humans/people),
Haithrasharaú (Atlanteans),
(houses),
ilthiú (cities),
uthoaú (paths),
uthoahoú (streets).
*Plural used for doubled body parts "ui-)
Uioigi (eyes), uihaga (ears), uilortu (arms), uihatu (legs), uiuth (feet), uith (hands), uimai (lips)
*Plural used for animals or natural things "-át"
Augrát (mountians), iuorrát (seas), tzaikiát (stars), tauát (stones), ñauát (cats, also "ñaú" out of respect), uunát (birds), uerimaituát (hummingbirds), ueritát (flowers), ivorát (trees), ivorairatat (leaves)
Numerical plurals don't exist. "Two trees" would be "Ui ivora" (two tree).
Interrogatives[]
Question phrases preceded by interrogative particle "han".
"Han arta usithin?" (Do you speak?)
"Han ol shuatz aith?" (Do you have water? Lit: *Do* water on-you is?)
"Han ol shuhatz aith?" (Do you guys have water? *plural)
Who: lon
What: leth
When: lout
Where: lul
Why: lethagen (what+for)
How: lethainu (what way)
Which: len
What is your name?: Len ithana shuatsh aith? (Which name you+on is?)
Lexicon[]
Yes: aith (verb repeated back, or verb "to be")
Yes: Thau (Emphatic yes, "this")
No: tz / tze (tzes for emphasis)
That's correct (it's this): aithau (aith+thau)
The: thai (usually after a word, but can precede the noun for emphasis)
This: thau
That: tholi
Those: tholiu (people) / tholiat (animals or objects)
And: ha
"Lack of something": ñetz- (used as prefix, can be likened to English "-less". ñetzivora - "desert", treeless)
"Abundance of something": õda- (used as prefix to form new words. ivoraõda, "forest" - abundance of trees)
Diminutive suffix: -ingi
Augmentative suffix: -aho
Agent affix: -il (ithinil "maker", ithin-il)
Expletive: ñetzaho! ("big nothing", worthless, useless, etc.)
"Né?": Tzeath/Tzeth? (Right? Isn't it?)
But: uait
Than: uaitu
-er: -atu
-est: -ianu
___: goa
-õt: *
-ergi: with (tziergi - "with me")
Numerals[]
(ordinal numerals gain suffix -oa: uathoa "first)
One: uath / First: uát
Two: ui / Second: uiuát
Three: her / Third: Herát
Four: îau / Fourth: rauát
Five: oth / Fifth: othát
Six: sha / Sixth: shauát
Seven: hesh / Seventh: heshuát
Eight: hak (haku) / Eighth: hakát
Nine: net / Ninth: edauát
Ten: hau / Tenth: hauát
Eleven: hauath
Twelve: haui
Thirteen: hauer
Fourteen: hauîau
Fifteen: hauoth
Sixteen: hausha
Seventeen: hauesh
Eighteen: hauak
Nineteen: haunet
Twenty: uiau
Twenty-one: uiaula uath (two-ten-and one)
Twenty two: uiaula ui
Thirty: uiaula hau
Forty: ui uiau
Fifty: ui uiaula hau
Sixty: her uiau
Seventy: her uiaula hau
Eighty: îau uiau
Ninety: rau uiaula hau
One hundred: oatso
Nouns[]
Nation of Haithras: Haithras
Something from Haithras: Haithrashara
Word: arta
Language: artaura
The Great Architect (God): Ithinilaho / Ithinil- / Ithinil Uá ("the first maker")
Name: Ithana
Nature[]
Sun: tharratza (tharra-tzai)
Moon: tzuratza (tzura+tzai)
Star: tzaiki (tzai+iki)
Sky: loa
Light: tzai
Water: ol (etym: ir)
Rain: laul (loa + ol)
Fire: tzaith (etym: tzai-ath) also iuainil (eater)
Smoke: aihañetza (out+dark)
Ice: itsa (ir-tsa)
Snow: loitsa / lotsa
Land/Earth: vra
Plot or terrain: vroingi
Mountain: augra
Volcano: tzaithaugra
Rock: tau
Lava: tzaithau (etym: tzaith-tau)
Hotspring: olathõda (ol+ath+onda)
Ocean: iuorra (ir "ol"+uorra "vrau")
Tide: iroha
River: olthoa (water+path)
Tree: ivora (life+earth) iui vro uvu vora
Leaf: ivoraira (life+rock+hair)
Grass: vroira (earth+hair)
Bush (mato em Português): guarama
Flower: ueri
Gold: tauara
Silver: tausira
Animals[]
Human: vroa
A being: ithoa
Animal: iuithoa
Cat: ñau
Kitten: miu
Bird: uun
Songbird: tsiri
Owl (or night birds): ñetzauraún (ñetzaura+uun)
Owl: uúu
Hummingbird: uerimainil (flower+kiss+er)
Fish: iriuoa (ir+iui+oa)
Mammoth: -aho ( +aho)
Rabbit: tsauri
Shark: aku
Body Parts[]
Head: hodu (hoduil "Leader", + il)
Face: hauta
Eye: oigi
Nose: pepil (smeller)
Mouth: naus
Tongue: arth
Lip: mai
Ear (orelha): ulo-
Earhole (ouvido): ulo
Hair: ira
Arm:
Hand: ith
Finger:
Leg:
Foot: uth
Toe:
Blood: Olthra (ol-lathra)
Brain:
Heart: iuithra
Senses[]
Sight: oik (see: oigin)
Smell: pep (smell: pepin)
Taste: tra (taste: train)
Touch: ti (touch: tin)
Hearing: or (hear: orin)
Society[]
Nation: vraho
Kingdom:
Empire:
King:
Queen:
Emperor:
Empress:
Lord: vrau
State:
City:
Citizen:
Crowd: vraho/vraõd
House:
Neigborhood:
Path: uthoa
Street: uthoatso
Slave: ñetzatzlat (useless little things, always in a dehumanizing nonhuman plural)
Atzla: thing
Atzlingat: little things ('tzlingat in Northerner accent)
Salt: tratau (taste stone)
Haithras language: artauarra (artauramoshi, "good language"/"good word")
Time: iroha (from "tide")
Now: thauau (from - thauthau, "this this")
Factory: ondaithi
Colors[]
Black: uets
White: sira
Brown: masta
Red: thrau
Blue: lorau (etym: loa+)
Green: rama
Yellow: ara
Orange: lathara
Misc. Verbs[]
Make: ithin
Isness: tharra (etym: aith-ora)
Walk: uthin (to foot)
Go: hauin
Kiss: main
Fall: larin
Sleep: sa (ithin)
Help: ith'aihith (hand+give)
Give: aihith (aiha+ith) *aihithoa - gift
Adjectives[]
Big: uorra
Small: iki
Great: viri
Good: aún
Good luck: ondatharra
Bad: tzora (etym: tze-ora)
Bad luck: ondatzora
Beautiful: lumi (lumiora beauty)
Ugly: ñetzushi (ñetz+moshi/uoshi)
Nice/good quality: moshi
Hot: ath
Cold: tsa
Freezing: ñetzath
Bright: Õdatzai/Õdatza
Dark: ñetzai/ñetza (ñetz+tzai)
Bottom: uthe
Top: odu
Abstract[]
Life: iui
Live: iuin
Breath: uvora
Soul: uvoa
Food: iuá
Eat: iuain
Drink: irá
To drink: irain
World (living): guaiui (around+life)
World (inanimate): guainuthaho (guainuthahoa) / guainuthe
Place: feu
Way: ainu
Deep: õdauthe (abundance marker+bottom)
Death: ñetziu (ñetz + iui)
Creation: ithi
Day: tzaura (tzai-ora)
Night: ñetzaura (nnetz-tzai-ora)