| Hazar Xazar | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
| Type | Agglutinative | ||
| Alignment | Nominative-Accusative | ||
| Word Order | SOV | ||
| Head direction | Final | ||
| Tonal | No | ||
| Declensions | Yes | ||
| Conjugations | Yes | ||
| Topic-Prominence | No | ||
| Classes | |||
| yes | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
Classification and Dialects[]
Hazar is an Oghuz language spoken in the country of Hazarstan, which is located in the south Caspian Sea. This language is most closely related to the Azerbaijani and Turkmen languages.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Alveolo-palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | ||
| voiced | b | d | dʒ | g | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | s | ʃ | x | h |
| voiced | v | ð | z | ʒ | ɣ | ||
| Approximant | l | j | w | ||||
| Tap | ɾ | ||||||
Vowels[]
| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unrounded | Rounded | Unrounded | Rounded | |
| Close | i | y | ɯ | u |
| Mid | e | œ | o | |
| Open | æ | ɑ | ||
Phonotactics[]
Writing System[]
| Letter | Aa | Ää | Bb | Cc | Çç | Dd | Ðð | Ee | Ff | Gg | Ğğ | Hh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound | ɑ | æ | b | dʒ | tʃ | d | ð | e | f | g | ɣ | h |
| Letter | Ѳѳ | Iı | İi | Jj | Kk | Ll | Mm | Nn | Ňň | Oo | Öö | Pp |
| Sound | θ | ɯ | i | dʒ | k | l | m | n | ŋ | o | œ | p |
| Letter | Rr | Ss | Şş | Tt | Uu | Üü | Vv | Ww | Xx | Yy | Zz | Žž |
| Sound | ɾ | s | ʃ | t | u | y | v | w | x | j | z | ʒ |
- C is only used to represent /dʒ/ in loanwords.
| Letter | Аа | Әә | Бб | Вв | Гг | Ғғ | Дд | Ee | Жж | Җҗ | Зз | Ҙҙ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound | ɑ | æ | b | v | g | ɣ | d | e | ʒ | dʒ | z | ð |
| Letter | Ии | Йй | Кк | Лл | Мм | Нн | Ңң | Оо | Өө | Пп | Рр | Сс |
| Sound | i | j | k | l | m | n | ŋ | o | œ | p | ɾ | s |
| Letter | Тт | Уу | Ўў | Үү | Фф | Хх | Һһ | Цц | Чч | Шш | Ыы | Ѳѳ |
| Sound | t | u | w | y | f | x | h | ts | tʃ | ʃ | ɯ | θ |
| Letter | ب | پ | ت | ث | ج | چ | ح | خ | د | ذ | ر | ز |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound | b | p | t | s | dʒ | tʃ | h | x | d | z | ɾ | z |
| Letter | ژ | س | ش | ص | ض | ط | ظ | ع | غ | ف | ق | ک / ك |
| Sound | ʒ | s | ʃ | s | z | t | z | ʔ | ɣ | f | g, k | k |
| Letter | گ | ل | م | ن | نگ | و | اوْ / وْ | اؤ / ؤ | اوُ / وُ | اۆ / ۆ | ه / هـ | اِ / ـِ / ه |
| Sound | g | l | m | n | ŋ | β | o | œ | u | y | h | e |
| Letter | ای / ی | ایٛ / یٛ | آ / ـا | أ / ـأ | ||||||||
| Sound | j, i | ɯ | ɑ | æ |
Grammar[]
Nouns[]
Verbs[]
Syntax[]
Lexicon[]
Nouns[]
Pronouns[]
| Personal | Possessive | Reflexive | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sg | pl | sg | pl | sg | pl | ||
| First | latin | men | biz | meniň | biziň | meniň özüm | biziň özümiz |
| cyrillic | мен | биз | мениң | бизиң | мениң өзүм | бизиң өзүмиз | |
| persian | مەن | بیز | مەنیڭ | بىزىڭ | مەنیڭ ؤزۇم | بىزىڭ ؤزۇمىز | |
| Second | latin | sen | siz | seniň | sizdiň | seniň özüň | sizdiň özüňiz |
| cyrillic | сен | сиз | сениң | сиздиң | сениң өзүң | сиздиң өзүңиз | |
| persian | سەن | سیز | سەنیڭ | سىزدىڭ | سەنیڭ ؤزۇڭ | سىزدىڭ ؤزۇڭىز | |
| Third | latin | o | olar | onuň | olaryň | onuň özü | olaryň özleri |
| cyrillic | о | олар | онуң | оларйң | онуң өзү | оларйң өзлери | |
| persian | او | الار | اونۇڭ | الارىڭ | اونۇڭ ؤزۇ | الارىڭ ؤزلەرى | |
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