Imqorášə

Imqorášə
Type
Alignment
Head direction
Tonal	No
Declensions	No
Conjugations	No
Genders
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect
Meta-information
Progress	0%
Statistics Nouns 0% Verbs 0% Adjectives 0% Syntax 0% Words of 1500
Creator	[[User:|]]

Classification and Dialects

Imqorášə (formerly Imqorásjə and colloquially Imqə̀aš or Imqə̀š) is a language isolate spoken in the Caucuses. It is the result of people from Europe, Africa, and America immigrating to the Caucuses to create an independent country (for religious reasons) and their culture and language merging overtime. There are minor dialectal differences between the language spoken in the western and eastern parts.

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Velar	Uvular
Nasal	m	n		(ŋ)
Plosive	p b	t d	(tʃ dʒ)	k g	q
Fricative	ϕ β	s z	ʃ (ʒ)	x ɣ	χ
Approximant	w	l	j		ʀ
Lateral fric.		ɬ [ɮ]
Lateral aff.		tɬ [dɮ]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	ɜ	(ə)	o
Low	æː	a	ɑ̆~ɒ̆~ɔ̆

Phonemes in parenthesis were brought into the language through loanwords but are now integral to the language. Phonemes in brackets are today rarely distinguished.

Vowel Suprasegmentals

Diphthongs

a	aː	aɪ	aə
ɑ̆~ɒ̆~ɔ̆
æː		æɪ	æə
ɜ	ɜː	ɜɪ	ɜə
i	iː		iə
o	oː	əɪ	əː
u	uː

All occurrences of /ɪ/ can be realized as /ɜ/ or /i/, and all occurrences of /ə/ can be realized as /u/, /o/, /a/, /ɑ/, /ɒ/, or /ɔ/.

There are 2 tones (ex. on /a/): normal (/a/) and rising-falling (/a᷈/). The latter only occurs on /a/, /ɜ/, /i/, /o/, and /u/. All vowels can also be creaky voiced (/a̰/).

Nasalization occurs sometimes and /ɑ̆~ɒ̆~ɔ̆/ is the vowel most prone.

Phonotactics

Many phonemes vary depending on their context in a given word:

1. When /k/ and /g/ are final, they have no audible release (/k˺/ and /g˺/).
2. When /t/ and /d/ are final, they are dental with no audible release (/t̪˺/ and /d̪˺/).
3. When /q/ appears final, it is a glottal stop with no audible release (/ʔ˺/).
4. Final long vowels are followed by an implied glottal stop with no audible release follow (ex: /kaːʔ˺/).
5. All above phonemes sometimes may be followed by some audible release.
6. /ʀ/ is almost always a voiced uvular approximant, except when it appears initial and/or directly precedes /a/ and is then sometimes a trill.
7. When /l/ appears final, it is /w/, except when it directly follows /u/ or /o/, and is then often /oɔ/, or when it directly follows /a/, and is then sometimes /aɑ/.
8. Postalveolar consonant clusters are often realized more retroflex, ex.: "pə́ščar" (/ˈpəʂʈʂaʀ/).
   

Allowable syllable structures: CV, VC, CVC. Geminated consonants are considered as two consecutive consonants.

Writing System

Letter
Sound
Letter
Sound
Letter
Sound

Grammar

Introduction

There are 3 genders, typically determined by the first consonant (usually the first phoneme) of a root. Usually, if the first consonant is a stop, the root is masculine, if it is a fricative, the root is feminine, and if it is anything else, the root is neuter (in this case /ɬ/ and /ɮ/ are actually categorized as stops). If the first phoneme in a root is a vowel, the root is usually neuter, but many times it is irregular.

Verbal Mood

	Masc			Fem			Neut
Indicative	tak	kek	pus	sak	sek	xur	nak	mek	ru
Conditional	insakí	oŋkekó	empusé	issaká	osseké	exxurú	nikkí	mokkó	rewé
Potential	ímsak	ómsek	émpus	ássak	éssek	úxxur	ínakna	ómekne	éruwne
Imperative	ak	ek	us	saká	seké	xurú	na	me	ru

Often in conjugations, /t/ and /d/ assimilate to /s/ and /z/.

Informally, conditional mood is used for simple past tense and potential mood is used for simple future tense.

Verbal Tense

	Masc	Fem	Neut
Present	tak	sak	nak
Past	tak...ɸiə	sak...ɸal	nak...maq
Future	tak...si	sak...sar	nak...βa

Verbal Nouns

Masc	Fem	Neut
sakí	sakád	nakál