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Kapaupa
Type
Alignment
Head direction
Tonal No
Declensions Yes
Conjugations Yes
Genders 4
Nouns decline according to...
Case Number
Definiteness Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice Mood
Person Number
Tense Aspect
Meta-information
Progress 0%
Statistics
Nouns 0%
Verbs 0%
Adjectives 0%
Syntax 0%
Words of 1500
Creator Rainierroitayam


Classification and Dialects[]

Kapaupa (pronounced as [ka-pau-pa]) is a language used by the Kappan Empire in the Cappau Continent. It has 6 Dialects (one is Extinct) and here are the percentage of the population who are either use it as their native language or secondary in the Kappan Empire. For info lovers, i also putted when the dialect was formed:

Native Speakers Secondary When Had Formed
Ancient 2.5% 25% 1200 BCE
Thonic 14% 22% 650 BCE
Seconic 16% 17% 490 BCE
Thono-Seconic 60% 16% 300 BCE
Vigic 7.5% 25% 50 BCE
Other Languages 0% 5%

By the way, the one that is extinct is Proto-Ancient. It got extinct due to the big respellings in the Ancient Dialect.

Phonology[]

Consonant[]

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Post-Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive p b t d c ɟ k g ʔ
Fricative f v θ s z h
Affricates tʃ dʒ
Approximant j
Trill r
Lateral l

Some consonants that are not in the table:

[w] (voiced labial-velar approximant)

Vowels[]

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
High i y u
Near-high ɪ ʊ
High-mid e o
Mid ə
Low a

Phonotactics[]

First, the structure of this language. It's structure will be (C)(C)(H)(H)V(C)(H)(H) or (C2)(H2)V(C)(H2).

C is for the consonants, V for the vowels, and H are some unique consonants that can change the sound of a consonant without being a separate consonant sound itself except for "s". Here are what letters are in each category:

C - b, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, ng, p, r, s, t, v, w, y, z, ʔ

V - a, e, ə, i, o, u

H - h, w, y, s ("s" will sound like "ʃ")

Also, the dialects Thonic and Ancient Kapaupa does not have the "H" group.

Secondly, we should deal with clusters and the rules for the "H" group. It's obvious that a consonant should NOT cluster with itself, even in that "H" group. Heres another rule, obstruents-sonorants cluster pairs only.

Thirdly, there are also rules for vowels and the nucleus. Unless if a "-thong" like diphthongs, triphthongs, etc. vowels should be separated by other vowels using a glottal stop. And if a word should NEVER start with a vowel sound, if it does, put a glottal stop right before the first vowel.

Writing System[]

The writing system is a Featural system with minor tweaks and different positions of the letters in each dialect. I also added some consonants where their sounds are changed.

A-0

(a)

B-1

(b)

D-1

(d)

E-0

(e)

F-0

(f)

G-1

(g)

H-1

(h)

I

(i)

K-0

(k)

L-0

(l)

M-0

(m)

N-0

(n)

Sound a b d e f g h i ɪ k l m n
Letter
NG

(ng)

O-0

(o)

P-0

(p)

R-0

(r)

S-0

(s)

T-0

(t)

U

(u)

V-0

(v)

W

(w)

Y

(y)

Z-0

(z)

Ə

(ə)

Sound ŋ o p r s t u ʊ v w j y z ə
Letter
ʔ

(ʔ)

ny ts ky dz gy
Sound ʔ ɲ c ɟ

By the way, here is also how the letters are written, the only exception is the dialect Vigic Kapaupa, which is written like how we write in English. The rows is read left to right and a book is read up to down, but in each letter cluster like this, you read it left to right but DOWN to UP.

H V
C
V

Grammar[]

Nouns[]

Possessive forms[]

It's actually just kinda simple to do the possessive form of a noun in this language. For most nouns, add "-uos" to the end. Example:

(Human) pepei --> (Human's) pepeiuos

For words that end with "u", use "-suos" instead. Example:

(Ant) rimicru --> (Ant's) rimicrusuos

Verbs[]

Past and Future Tenses[]

It's also simple to make verbs to have past or future tenses.

For past tense, add "-go" at the end. Example:

(go) hogosi --> (went) hogosigo

For future tense, add "-sog" instead. Example:

(go) hogosi --> (will go) --> hogosisog

Syntax[]

Lexicon[]

Since I cannot just put all of the words there, I putted some links to paste.ee:

https://paste.ee/p/gJDEd

(more words on the next heading)

I also have the word for numbers in Kapaupa: Numerical and Mathematical system of Kapaupa

Example text[]

This language borrowed some terms in other languages like English for a bunch of times and Latin for only once. Here is the table of the translations:


No. English Kapaupa
1Isif
2you (singular)yif
3hemiv
4wesigup
5you (plural)yigup
6theyogup
7thisnobum
8thatfobum
9herenomo
10therehenomo
11whoweim
12whatwagup
13wherewenom
14whenweta
15howweko
16notni
17allagup
18manymagup
19somegop
20fewtagup
21otheronagup
22onewuno
23twotowo
24threerhowo
25fourtero
26fivekyowo
27bigbagga
28longgrogo
29widegorgo
30thickghrago
31heavymago
32smallbagmo
33shortgroma
34narrowgorma
35thinghrama
36womankwepe
37man (adult male)nwopo
38man (human being)pepei / pepeiyha
39childbagpei
40wifekrepwe
41husbandnropwo
42motherkrepne
43fathernropno
44animalnipei
45fishwipei
46birdflipei
47dogcanna
48lousehepetei
49snakedagowe
50wormwopei
51treetro
52forestagotro
53stickstau
54fruitpet
55seedpeton
56leafgratro
57roothatro
58barktratro
59flowervitro
60grasstitro
61ropesitritro
62skintotsa
63meatmata
64bloodlikwaha
65bonesito
66fatskwa
67eggtsiba
68hornelamour
69tailtal
70featherpater
71hairhaer
72headhed
73earodier
74eyesitier
75nosesmelier
76mouthhagkwa
77toothchawa
78tonguetatswa
79fingernailstihad
80foothabea
81leghabeala
82kneehabealama
83handhad
84wingflihad
85bellyskwaha
86gutspupei
87neckhedko
88backbakwo
89breastbrowa
90heartpuripakar
91liverlibar
92drinkdikro
93eatatro
94bitebaite
95sucksuma
96spitsipitua
97vomitdisgusitua
98blowblawa
99breathegratwa
100laughkhawei
101seesitia
102hearodi
103knowngawa
104thinkngowawa
105smelloloma
106fearflater
107sleephypa
108liveloa
109dieawol
110killsawol
111fightnipater
112huntnipeiwol
113hitcollama
114cutslica
115splitplica
116stabtata
117scratchkraka
118digdogga
119swimwia
120flyflia
121walkwaak
122comecoma
123lielianana
124sitsitsa
125standnisitsa
126turntuna
127fallpal
128givegab
129holdhald
130squeezeskwaka
131rubrobbama
132washwassa
133wipewaipa
134pullpulla
135pushnipulla
136throwtrowa
137tietiye
138sewsiyew
139countcot
140saysaiya
141singsinga
142playplayana
143floatflat
144flowsomoflat
145freezeprez
146swellswa
147sunhetyhai
148moonmonyhai
149starfohetyhai
150water
151rain
152river
153lake
154sea
155salt
156stone
157sand
158dust
159earth
160cloud
161fog
162sky
163wind
164snow
165ice
166smoke
167fire
168ash
169burn
170roadloyen
171mountainmonum
172red
173green
174yellow
175white
176black
177night
178day
179year
180warm
181cold
182full
183new
184old
185good
186bad
187rotten
188dirty
189straight
190round
191sharp
192dull
193smooth
194wet
195dry
196correct
197near
198far
199right
200left
201at
202in
203with
204and
205if
206because
207name


Here I will translate this thing to my language both in Latin alphabet written version and IPA written version.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1:

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Translated:

agup pepeiyha uwuom kutrol en ekwi i dignio en ritsu. ogup endowedo wo rasuo en konsiense en shud ak towodo uanbodu i seualit o brodehiya.

IPA:

ʔa-gup pe-peɪ-yha ʔu-wu-om ku-trol ʔen ʔek-wi ʔi dig-nyo ʔen rit-su | ʔo-gup ʔen-do-we-do wo ra-su-o ʔen kon-sien-se ʔen shud ʔak to-wo-do ʔu-an-bo-du ʔi se-u-a-lit ʔo bro-de-hi-ja

Transcription (no word will repeat):

  • agup - all
  • pepeiyha - human beings
  • uwuom - born
  • kutrol - free
  • en - and
  • ekwi - equal
  • i - in
  • dignio - dignity
  • ritsu - rights
  • ogup - they
  • endowendo - endowed
  • wo - with
  • rasuo - reason
  • konsiense - consistence
  • shud - should
  • ak - act
  • towodo - towards
  • uanbodu - one another
  • seualit - spirit
  • o - of
  • brodehiya - brotherhood
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