Dam Konta in dom nört (talk) 03:07, August 4, 2013 (UTC)
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| Møðletþung Middle tongue | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Flexive analytic | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Nominative-accusative | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Final | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| No | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General information[]
Møðletþung (/mø.ðlet.θuŋ/) is a posteriori conlang which belong to the northern germanic languages family. It has evolved from low trudanelange and it has become an analytic language, the phonology has also changed and a lot of words seem different because of lenition and gender's removal.
Another think to have into consideration is that the verbs "Årmakon" and "Feraton" from hukketrudanjälangvig has become one verb called " på Vøre" that means "to be". Though the most of tenses are still flexives the future and conditional tenses has become analytic.
It is divided in two main dialects, the northern dialect which use the phonemes /ɹ/ and /ɻ/ instead of /ʁ/ which is used in the southern one.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo-palatal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | |||||||
| Plosive |
p b |
d̪ | t d | k g | ||||||||
| Sibilant Fricative | f v | θ | ʃ | ɕ | ||||||||
| Non-sibilant Fricative | ɸ | ð | ð̠ | ʝ | x ɣ | |||||||
| Affricate | ts | tɕ | ||||||||||
| Approximant | β | ɹ | ɻ | j | w | ʁ | h | |||||
| Lateral Approximant | l | |||||||||||
| Flap or tap |
Vowels[]
| Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |||
| Near-close | ɪ ʏ | ʊ | |||
| Close-mid | e | o | |||
| Mid | ə | ||||
| Open-mid | œ ɛ | ʌ ɔ | |||
| Near-open | æ | ||||
| Open | a |
Ortography[]
| Letter | IPA | Letter | IPA | Letter | IPA | Letter | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | /a/ - /ʌ/ | I | /i/ -/ɪ/ | P | /p/ | Y | /ʏ/ - /ʝ/ |
| B | /b/ - /β/ | J | /j/ | R | /ɹ/ - /ʁ/* | Z | /ts/ |
| C | /ɕ/ - /k/ | Ĵ | /x/ | Ʀ* | /ɻ/ | Æ | /æ/ |
| D | /d/ - /d̪/ | K | /k/ | S | /s/ | Ø | /œ/ |
| Ð | /ð/ - /ð̠/ | L | /l/ | T | /t/ | Å | /ɔ/ |
| E | /e/-/ɛ/ | M | /m/ | Þ | /θ/ | Rn | /ɳ/ |
| F | /f/ - /ɸ/ | N | /n/ | U | /u/ | Ng | /ŋ/ |
| G | /g/ - /ɣ/ | Ny | /ɲ/ | V | /v/ | Sch | /ʃ/ |
| H | /h/ | O | /o/ | W | /w/ | Č | /tɕ/ |
Usually when the sound /ŋ/ (ng) is located before a vowel it becomes /ŋɣ/ (ngg).
-
- letter "R" can be /ɹ/ or /ʁ/ depending on the dialect.
-
- letter "Ʀ" is only found in the northern dialect.
Phonotactics[]
Grammar[]
Verbs[]
As in many germanic languages, møðletþung's verbs could be "weak verbs", "strong verbs" and as special case "ss verbs". The disctintion is located when conjugating. Møðletþung has two moods (imperative and indicative) and the verbs are conjugated in present, past, gerund and participle because the future and conditional tenses are constructed by using of auxiliar verbs.
weak verbs[]
weak verbs can be also called regular verbs, these are the ones that are declinated regularly by adding of suffixes.
example verbs: Báþ (Bëtten), Drang (Dränken), Elske (Elskeren), Fligg (Flîgen) and Átme (Ajtmeren).
| Infinitive | Imperative | Past | Participle | Present | Future | Conditional |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| på Báþ | Báþ | Báþel | Báþel | Báþer | Skyl báþ | Skull báþ |
| på Drang | Drang | Drangel | Drangel | Dranger | Skyl drang | Skull drang |
| på Elske | Elske | Elskel | Elskel | Elsker | Skyl elsk | Skull elsk |
| på Fligg | Fligg | Fliggel | Fliggel | Fligger | Skyl fligg | Skull fligg |
| på Átme | Átme | Átmel | Átmel | Átmer | Skyl átme | Skull átme |
Weak verbs make their past and participle way with "-el" and the present way by using "-er" and as every verb, the future form is made with the auxiliar verb "skyl" plus the infinitive and the same for the conditional but using "skull".
Strong verbs[]
Strong verbs are verbs that change when conjugating, an also has a future form.
| Infinitive | Imperative | Past | Participle | Present | Future | Conditional |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| på Lákk | Lákk | Læjkken | Læjkken | Læjkkar | Læjkkur | Skull lákk |
| på Liff | Liff | Leffen | Leffen | Leffar | Leffur | Skull liff |
| på Vænt | Vænt | Vanten | Vanten | Vantar | Vantur | Skull vænt |
| på Dissæt | Dissæt | Dessæten | Dessæten | Dessætar | Dessætur | Skull dissæat |
Strong verbs make their past and participle form with "-en", the present with "-ar" and the future by the use of "-ur", the conditional works in the same way that the rest of verbs.
Strong verbs mark the following ablaut in the first syllable:
| A - Æ | E - I | I - E | O - Å | U - Y | Å - O | Ø - U |
Irregular verbs[]
This language has only 3 irregular verbs and all of them belong to the family of the strong verbs, those verbs are Vøre (to be), Hafat (to have) and Hebb (to have).
| Infinitive | Imperative | Past | Participle | Present | Future | Conditional |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| på Vøre | Vøre | Vaggen | Vaggen | Vaggar | Vaggur | Skull vøre |
| på Hafat | Hafat | Haten | Haten | Hatar | Hatur | Skull hafat |
| på Hebb | Hebb | Høren | Høren | Hørar | Hørur | Skull hebb |
An auxiliary verb which is useful to know about is the verb "på Hebb" that has as equivalent the English verb "to have" and the Spanish verb "haber", but only when is use in perfects like the sentence "I have made a cake" or in phrases like "there is/there are...", so, why is this verb important? because as in German you can use the present perfect instead of using simple past. Then you have the other verb which has as equivalent the English one "to have", is called "på Hafat", this other is used when demarking possession of something or a kind of not so strong obligation.
Vocabulary[]
Example text[]
The lord's prayer[]
| Møðletþung | English | Literal in English |
|---|---|---|
|
Jan fatjæ hvø i skánðom vaggaʀ, visset din nam vøre. Din rekkist gjew. Din skyl vøre gjoren já varð så et i ská vaggaʀ. Diþ tá jan tálik brøþ geff ag, åg jan æfʀømten kirjoyþ, så vegja ðøss hvø æfrømteʀ modyʀ ag kirjoyþeʀ, åg egijaþæ ag i ráschtðom fall, fʀø jektal war ag. Þell. |
Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. |
Our father who in the skays is, hallowed your name be. Your kingdom come. Your will be done on earth as it in the skay is. This day our daily bread give us, and our trespasses forgive, as we those who trespass against us forgive, and not to lead us into temptation fall, from evil deliver us. Amen |