Noslanic

Noslanic language Noslanla
Type	A posteriori
Alignment	Nominative-accusative
Head direction	Head-initial
Tonal	No
Declensions	Yes
Conjugations	Yes
Genders	9
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect
Meta-information
Progress	96%
Statistics Nouns 100% Verbs 100% Adjectives 100% Syntax 100% Words 176 of 1500
Creator	Lemon82orange

The Noslanic language /nɔs'lanɪk/ is a constructed language (conlang) created by user Lemon82orange.

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labio-dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m			n		ɲ	ŋ¹
Plosive	p b			t d			k g
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ ʒ		x	h
Affricate				t͡s	t͡ʃ d͡ʒ
Approximant						j	w
Flap			ɾ
Lateral app.			l

¹ It is represented by n before consonants.

Standard Noslanic Alphabet representation	Simplified Noslanic Alphabet representation	IPA representation	Examples and notes	Noslanic examples
Bb	Bb	/b/	As in book.	bör bear
Cc	Cc	/t͡s/	As in German Zeit, Russian царь or Italian grazia.	cifrë number, figure
Čč	CScs	/t͡ʃ/	As in chop.	čern black
Dd	Dd	/d/	As in dream.	destin fate
Ðð	DDdd	/ð/	As in that.	ðjálogo dialogue
Ff	Ff	/f/	As in fun.	fara lighthouse
Gg	Gg	/g/	As in girl.	gramátikas grammar
Ǧǧ	GGgg	/d͡ʒ/	As in judge.	ǧornal newspaper
Hh	Hh	/h/	As in ham.	har hair
Jj	Jj	/j/	As in yes.	jare year
Kk	Kk	/k/	As in kilo.	köre core, nucleus
Ll	Ll	/l/	As in let.	lox lake
Mm	Mm	/m/	As in man.	matrë mother
Nn	Nn	/n/	As in nothing.	nočë night
Ňň	NNnn	/ɲ/	As in Spanish mañana or French montagne	ňoki gnocchi
Pp	Pp	/p/	As in pan	pota potato
Rr	Rr	/ɾ/	As in Spanish verde or Italian mare.	Romynië Romania
Ss	Ss	/s/	As in same.	serca heart
Šš	SSss	/ʃ/	As in shake.	šantese singer
Tt	Tt	/t/	As in take.	tako taco
Þþ	TTtt	/θ/	As in think.	þust thirst, thirsty
Vv	Vv	/v/	As in valley.	vörke to work
Ww	Ww	/w/	As in will.	windü window
Xx	Xx	/x/	As in Scots loch and Spanish jugo.	xel ice
Zz	Zz	/z/	As in zebra.	znaje to know
Žž	ZZzz	/ʒ/	As in vision.	žus juice

Vowels

Standard Noslanic Alphabet representation	Simplified Noslanic Alphabet representation	IPA representation	Examples and notes	Noslanic examples
Aa, Áá, Ââ, Àà	Aa (Áá, Ââ, Àà)	/a/	As in hat.	Dojčlant Germany
Ee, Éé, Êê, Èè	Ee (Éé, Êê, Èè)	/e/	As in pet.	špigel mirror
Ëë, E̋e̋	AEae (ÁÉáé)	/ə/	As in future.	e̋rax spring
Ii, Íí, Îî, Ìì	Ii (Íí, Îî, Ìì)	/i/	As in free.	čite to read
Oo, Óó	Oo (Óó)	/o/	As in boy.	televižori television
Öö, Őő	OEoe (ÓÉóé)	/œ/	As in French bleu and German Österreich.	grön green
Uu, Úú, Ûû, Ùù	Uu (Úú, Ûû, Ùù)	/u/	As in spoon.	Ukrajina Ukraine
Üü, Űű	UEue (ÚÉúé)	/u/	As in Norwegian vindu.	küle to listen
Yy, Ýý, Ŷŷ, Ỳỳ	Yy (Ýý, Ŷŷ, Ỳỳ)	/i/	As in Russian ты and Romanian Româniă.	myše mouse

Grammar

The alphabet

The Standard Noslanic Alphabet (STNA) is based on the ISO basic Latin alphabet, but the Noslanic alfabetë is composed of 35 letters, 26 consonants and 9 vowels. Modified vowels have a diaeresis on the top, and modified consonants have carons. ð and þ come from the Icelandic alphabet, they even represent the same phonemes. The letter Q is the only letter from the basic Latin alphabet that isn't included. All the phonemes are represented by one character, except /ŋ/. 

Aa Bb Cc Čč Dd Ðð Ee Ëë Ff Gg Ǧǧ Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ňň Oo Öö Pp Rr Ss Šš Tt Þþ Uu Üü Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Žž

The Simplified Noslanic Alphabet (SINA) is a version of the Noslanic alphabet which is composed only of ISO basic Latin alphabet characters. It may only be used when there is inability to write the characters of the standard version, such as in URLs or fonts that don't support them. Vowels with diacritics marking case and stress may be used if possible. If AEae, OEoe and UEue should have an accute accent according to accentuation rules, there should be one over each vowel: ÁÉáé, ÓÉóé, ÚÉúé.

• Ëë becomes AEae, and it becomes the 2nd letter of the alphabet, placed after Aa.
• Čč becomes CScs.
• Ðð becomes DDdd.
• Ǧǧ becomes GGgg.
• Ňň becomes NNnn.
• Öö becomes OEoe.
• Šš becomes SSss.
• Þþ becomes TTtt.
• Üü becomes UEue.
• Žž becomes ZZzz.

Aa AEae Bb Cc CScs Dd DDdd Ee Ff Gg GGgg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn NNnn Oo OEoe Pp Rr Ss SSss Tt TTtt Uu UEue Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz ZZzz

The S rule

It usually takes place when adding suffixes to words, when combining nouns to form other words and when forming plurals.

• When an S is added to an S, they become a Š. ss → š
• When an S is added to a T, they become a C. ts → c
• When an S is added to a C, they become a Č. cs → č

Plurals

• The S rule takes place here. Example:
  • sens → senš (sense → senses)
  • hemt→ hemc (shirt → shirts)
  • salc → salč (salt → salts)
• If the noun ends in any other letter, an s is added. Example: nebo → nébos (sky → skies)

Stress and accentuation

Noslanic words follow accentuation rules. They are the same for all words, no exceptions.

• The stress is on the last syllable if it ends in a consonant. Example: Azerbajǧan (Azerbaijan)
• The stress is on the second-to-last syllable if it ends in a vowel. Example: patrë (father)
• If the stress is somewhere else and the word doesn't follow the rules above, an acute accent is used to mark where the stress is. Example: psikólogas (psychology), húndus (dogs)

Vowels with diaeresis (Ëë, Öö, Üü) would have a double acute accent (E̋e̋, Őő, Űű), not an accent over the diaeresis (Ë́ë́, Ö́ ö́, Ǘǘ).

If an accent should be placed on a vowel marking a case (Ââ, Êê, Îî, Ûû, Ŷŷ), a grave accent is used (Àà, Èè, Ìì, Ùù, Ỳỳ).

Word order

Noslanic is a SOV language. This means the basic word order is subject + object + verb. Example:

• Marja lívrâs čitre.
• Marja reads books.

If the sentence is translated literally, it would be Maria books reads.

Possessives

Possessives are:

• Mož - My
• Tož - Your (singular)
• Sož - His/Her
• Nož - Our
• Tojž - Your (plural)
• Sojž - Their
• Vož - Your (singular, informal)
• Vojž - Your (plural, formal)
• Þuž- Its
• Þujž- Their (non-human living things, objects, concepts)

A letter is added depending on the last vowel the possessed noun has. Example:

• Le može ljed. (My song)
• Ly sojžy peý. (Their country)
• La nojža ozjan. (Our ocean)

Adjectives

Positive

They work the same as possessives. Examples:

• Smačnö bröð. (Tasty bread)
• Grandë galaksjë. (Big galaxy)
• Lödi kin. (Ugly child)
• Blödǧa Marja (Bloody Mary)

Negative

It indicates that a word doesn't have a quality. The suffix -nje is added to the adjective root. If the adjective ends in n, it is replaced by an ň (see example at the first sentence below).

• Gröňje xerb. (Non-green grass)
• Ewropajnje grédar. (Non-European citizen)
• Originalnje tjel. (Unoriginal story) - The story is not "unoriginal", but "not original", the words for English adjectives like "unoriginal" do not exist in Noslanic.

Comparative

Superiority

The suffix -me is added to the adjective root. If the adjective root ends in -m, it is replaced by a -b (see example at the fourth sentence below).

• Moža vejetal molme vat la toža sic. (My vegetable is smaller than yours)
• Sujža dam bonme sic. (Their house is better)
• Lës granpatrës vežme-tu syc. (The grandfathers are older than you)
• Las lajňas uniforbe vat las sožas syc. (The lines are more uniform than yours)

Equality

The suffix -sa is added to the adjective root. If the adjective root ends in -s, -t or -c, the S rule occurs.

• Las fraws bajča-tu syc. (The women are as equal as you)
• On baryka žívnojsa-sa sic. (A wall is as alive as her)
• Das padušas komfortnojsa vat las sožas syc. (Those pads are more comfortable than his)

Inferiority

The suffix -fe are added to the adjective root. If the adjective root ends in -f, it is replaced with a -v.

• Je intelektalfe-suj sim. (I am less inteligent than them)
• Saža műsik bornojfe sic. (Her music is less boring)
• Tožas vestáðas granfe vat las sájžas syc. (Your clothes are less big than theirs)

Superlative

Positive

The suffix -mü is added to the adjective root.

• Tu altmü ses. (You are the tallest)
• Suj žentnmü personës lu bóteju syc. (They are the most gentle people in the world)
• Nuj bonmü sym. (We are the best)

Negative

The suffix -fü ​is added to the adjective root.

• Suomla lajxfü lan sic. (Finnish is the least easy language)
• Noj dumfü sym. (We are the least foolish people)
• Ðis spagetis fawrnfü recet sic. (These spaghettis are the least hot recipe)

Personal pronouns

Pronoun	Translation	Person	Number	Gender	Usage
Je	I	1st	Singular	Neutral	Both
Noj	We	1nd	Plural	Masculine	Both
Naj	We	1nd	Plural	Feminine	Both
Nuj	We	1nd	Plural	Neutral	Both
Tu	You	2nd	Singular	Neutral	Informal
Toj	You, y'all	2nd	Plural	Masculine	Informal
Taj	You, y'all	2nd	Plural	Feminine	Informal
Tuj	You, y'all	2nd	Plural	Neutral	Informal
Vu	You	2nd	Singular	Neutral	Formal
Voj	You	2nd	Singular	Masculine	Formal
Vaj	You	2nd	Singular	Feminine	Formal
So	He	3rd	Singular	Masculine	Both
Sa	She	3rd	Singular	Feminine	Both
Su	They	3rd	Singular	Neutral	Both
Þu¹	It	3rd	Singular	Neutral	Both
Soj	They	3rd	Plural	Masculine	Both
Saj	They	3rd	Plural	Feminine	Both
Suj	They	3rd	Plural	Neutral	Both
Þuj¹	They	3rd	Plural	Neutral	Both

¹ Used for objects, concepts and non-human living things (animals, insects, bacteria...).

Verbs

Conjugation

• All verbs in infinitive end in er.
• In order to conjugate a verb in the present tense, a suffix is added, replacing the infinitive suffix.
• For the other tenses, a modal verb is used.
• There are no irregular verbs.
• In the participle, if the verb root ends in t, it is replaced with þ (see example at Passive voice table below).

Tense	Formula	Example
Present	Verb root + r◌	jester (to eat) → Je jestrem (I eat)
Past	Dyt + infinitive	fluger (to fly) → Tu dyt fluger (You flied)
Future	Völ + infinitive	limpjer (to clean)→ Suj völ limpjer (They will clean)
Conditional	Wüd + infinitive	tröjmer (to dream) → So wüd tröjmer (He would dream)
Participle	-t	finišer (to finish) → Finišt (Finished)

Person	Suffix added	Example
1st singular (je)	-em	mürer (to die) → Je mürjem (I eat)
1st plural (noj, naj, nuj)	-ym	pintrer (to paint) → Naj pintrym (We paint)
2nd p. sg. (tu, vu)	-es	kondujer (to drive)→ Tu kondujes (You drive)
2nd p. pl. (toj, taj, tuj, voj, vaj, vuj)	-ys	ljuber (to love) → Voj ljubys (You love)
3rd p. sg. ( so, sa, su, þu)	-ic	pacjer (to walk) → Þu pacjic (It walks)
3rd p. pl. (soj, saj, suj, þuj)	-yc	špyljer (to play) →  Suj špyljyc (They play)

Passive voice

Formula	Example
Object + subject + verb ser + hyphen + verb participle	Lo skorpjó ân frâw dyt byter (The scorpion bit a woman) → Ân frâw lo skorpjó dyt-ser-byþ  (A woman was bitten by the scorpion)

Modality

Modal verb	Translation	Usage	Example
Puder	Can, may	Ability, permission	Je pudim fluger (I can fly)
Deter	Should	Advice	Tu sajê detes spraxer (You should speak to her)
Muster	Must	Obligation	Suj þujâ mustyc laver (They must clean it)
Šuler	Shall	Propositions	Nuj lâ windâ šulym tankjer? (Shall we close the window?)
Seler	Use to, usually	Customs, routines	Je voda selim tranker (I usually drink water)

Grammatical cases

Noslanic has 6 cases. However, declensions are not very complicated and work the same in all nouns.

Nominative

It marks the subject. It is also used if the word is placed in a sentence without verb and object. Words in nominative are not declined. Examples:

• La cajša
• The box
• On garderob mítǧosa kriptric.
• A wardrobe hides sockets.

Accusative

It marks the direct object. To decline a word in accusative, an â should be added. If the word ends with a consonant, the last vowel is replaced with it. Examples:

• Moža graňa hemčâ tešic.
• My grandma knits shirts.
• Du mišku ân idiâ habic.
• This cat has an idea.

Dative

It marks the indirect object. To decline a word in dative, an ê should be added.  If the word ends with a consonant, the last vowel is replaced with it. Examples:

• Des polizéses þê manê an armaja kofic.
• These policemen buy that man a gun.
• Jon an bronca Marjê gabric.
• Jon gives Marja a present.

Locative

It states where something or someone is, and where it comes from. It would correspond to prepositions in, on, at, from and by. To decline a word in locative, an û should be added. If the word ends with a consonant, the last vowel is replaced with it. Examples:

• Toži kind skûl sic.
• Your child is at school.
• Les ánreðs lû stûl syc.
• The soups are on the table.
• Të tekstë Arabilû sem.
• This text is in Arabic.

Instrumental

It indicates that a noun is the instrument or means by or with which the subject achieves or accomplishes an action. To decline a word in locative, an ŷ should be added. If the word ends with a consonant, the last vowel is replaced with it. Examples:

• Je lë livrë ŷn pŷn srajbem.
• I write the book with a pencil.
• Ana lŷs lentŷ vidjem.
• Anna sees with glasses.

Genitive

It indicates that a noun is the possessor of other. To decline a word in genitive, an î should be added. If the word ends with a consonant, the last vowel is replaced with it. Examples:

• L'apyl lî lörîr.
• The teacher's apple.
• Le gred lîs bîrds.
• The birds' city.

Vocabulary

Noslanic vocabulary is mainly composed of Romance, Germanic and Slavic words. It also includes some Celtic, Greek, Japanese and Turkic vocabulary.

Translations

• The first five verses of the Bible (Les ðíanojes verš lî Biblî)

1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters. 3 And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” And there was evening, and there was morning — the first day.

1 Comencaðû, Dews lâs nébâs ër lâ terâ dyt creater. 2 Aga, la tera formnojnje ër vojdnoja dyt ser, l'obskuritá lû superficjû lî dipþû sic, ër l'esprit Dewsî üb lûs vódûs dyt fluger. 3 Ër Dews dyt saxer, "Svet sic", ër svet dyt ser. 4 Dews vat le svet bone dyt ser dyt vidjer, ër Soj lâ svât l'obskuritù dyt separer. 5 Dews lê svêt "ðagtem" dyt njemer, ër Soj l'obskuritè "noč" dyt njemer. Ër noč ër jutrë syc — la primoja ðag.

• The first paragraph of The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Once when I was six years old I saw a magnificent picture in a book, called True Stories from Nature, about the primeval forest. It was a picture of a boa constrictor in the act of swallowing an animal. Here is a copy of the drawing.

En vec, van je eksâ jarsâ dyt haber, j'an magnifiknâj fotografaðâ lívrû dyt vidjer, Verdadojes Tjels Lî Naturî njemt, üb le primejê forêjs. An fotografaða ð'an constríktor boa aktû ð'an animal tragjer sic. Vot sic, an kopjaða lî dibujšaðî.

Lexicons

Greetings

• haj - hello, hi
• bona ðag - good day
• bonë jutrë - good morning
• bonë tardë - good afternoon
• bono noč - good evening
• bona šlapaða- good night (lit. good sleeping)
• adjó - goodbye, bye
• Vak ses-tu? - How are you?
• Je bon sem - I'm fine
• Vak tože njem sic? - What's your name? (lit. How is your name?)
• Je ta ljubem - I love you
• Je sem... - I am...
• Vak vež sem-tu? - How old are you?
• Je habre ... jars vež - I'm ... years old (lit. I have ... years old)
• Tu komes os...? - Where are you from? (lit. You come from...?)
• bonkomt - Welcome

Colours

• kolorë - colour
• klar - bright
• šad - dark
• rot - red 
• oranž - orange
• amarel - yellow
• grön - green
• turkwasë - turquoise, teal
• blöv - blue
• índigo - indigo
• purprë - purple
• lílak - lilac
• pink - pink
• bjelë - white
• černë - black
• graj - grey

Fruits

• früt - fruit
• apyl - apple
• tomat - tomato
• banana - banana
• jordböra - strawberry
• naranxë - orange 
• limó - lemon
• limë - lime
• sandia - watermelon
• meló - melon
• perë - pear
• momo - peach
• blövfrütkü - blueberry
• rotfrütkü - raspberry
• černfrütkü - blackberry
• grosijer - currant
• þerecë - cherry
• plumë - plum

European countries

• Únite-Königover - United Kingdom
• Íngland - England
• Këmry - Wales
• Skotlynd - Scotland
• Ejre-Nîrðs - Northern Ireland (lit. Ireland of the norths)
• Ejre - Ireland
• Frans - France
• Espaňa - Spain
• Portugal - Portugal
• Dojčlant - Germany
• Nederland - Netherlands
• België - Belgium
• Italja - Italy
• Elaða - Greece
• Suomi - Finland
• Sverje - Sweden
• Norgë - Norway
• Danmark - Denmark
• Rësia- Russian
• Polska - Poland
• Českja-Repúblika - Czech Republic
• Majarorsag - Hungary
• Latvija - Latvia
• Lietuva - Lithuania
• Esti - Estonia
• Romynjë - Romania
• Bëlgária - Bulgaria
• Hërvacka - Croatia
• Bosna-ër-Hercegóvina - Bosnia & Herzegovina
• Serbia - Serbia
• Škipërí - Albania

Time

• tempa - time
• sekonda - second
• minuta - minute
• hor- hour
• ðag- day
• menzë - month
• jar - year
• pentjaraða - five-year period, lustrum
• tenjaraða - decade
• sikla - century
• milenja - millenium
• époka - era, time, age, period
• pretérita - past
• prezentë - present
• futura - future
• reložjo - clock
• hentreložjo - watch
• amanesaða - dawn, daybreak
• jutrë - morning
• mitðag- midday, noon
• tardë - afternoon
• krepúskula - twilight, crepuscule, dusk
• noč - night
• mitnoč - midnight
• hiber - winter
• e̋rax - spring
• eté - summer
• oþoňa - autumn, fall
• műnðag - Monday
• tűrðag - Tuesday
• ódðag - Wednesday
• þórðag - Thursday
• frígðag - Friday
• sáturðag - Saturday
• sónðag - Sunday
• janer - January
• febrer - February
• marce - March
• april - April
• maj - May
• junë - June
• julje - July
• ogosta - August
• septembrë - September
• oktobrë - October
• novembrë - November
• dezembrë - December

Numbers

• prim - one
• ðjan - two
• trjon - three
• tetrjon - four
• pentjon - five
• eksjon - six
• septjon - seven
• oktjon - eight
• nonjon - nine
• ten - ten
• onc - eleven
• düc - twelve
• tentrjon - thirteen
• vant - twenty
• vantprim - twenty-one
• vanþrjon - twenty-three
• trant - thirty
• karant - fourty
• cinkant - fifty
• siksant - sixty
• sisant - seventy
• oktant - eighty
• nuvant - ninety
• centa - one hundred, a hundred
• centatentrjon - one-hundred-thirteen
• tencenta - ten hundred
• centacenta - one hundred hundred (100,000)
• primiljon - one million, a million
• ðjanmiljon - two million
• biljon - billion
• triljon - trillion
• gúgol - a googol (10¹°°)

Aa Bb Cc Čč Dd Ðð Ee Ëë Ff Gg Ǧǧ Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ňň Oo Öö Pp Rr Ss Šš Tt Þþ Uu Üü Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Žž E̋e̋ Őő Űű Ŷŷ Ỳỳjj