Pyggers

Pyggerish Pyggers
Type	Analytic
Alignment	Nominative - Accusative
Head direction	Initial
Tonal	No
Declensions	No
Conjugations	Yes
Genders
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect
Meta-information
Progress	0%
Statistics Nouns 0% Verbs 0% Adjectives 0% Syntax 0% Words of 15000
Creator	[[User:|]]

This concerns the Pyggerish language, an a posteriori conlang that can be best described as a "NW" Germanic language having a strong resemblance to Scandanavian languages as well as to Dutch and Low German (and heavily influenced from all three!). The Pyggers homeland would best be described as islands in the North Sea.

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labio-dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m	ɱ	n			ŋ
Plosive	p,b		t,d	t͡ʃ,d͡ʒ		k,g	ʔ
Fricative		f,v	s	ʃ		x	h
Approximant			l		j	ʍ,w
Trill			r

Vowels

	front	front	front	front	central	back	back
	unrounded	unrounded	rounded	rounded
	short	long	short	long	short	short	long
Close	ɪ	i:				ʊ	u:
Mid	ɛ	e:	ø	ø:	ə	ɔ	o:
Open	æ	æ:				ɑ	a:

Writing System

The Pyggerish Alphabet

Upper Case	Lower Case	Letter Name
A	a	A
B	b	Bee
C	c	See
D	d	Dee
E	e	Ee
F	f	Ef
G	g	Gee
H	h	Hee
Hw	hw	Hwee
I	i	I
J	j	Jo
K	k	Ka
L	l	El
M	m	Em
N	n	En
O	o	O
P	p	Pee
Q	q	Ku
R	r	Er
S	s	Es
T	t	Tee
U	u	U
V	v	Vee
W	w	Dubbel Vee
X	x	Iiks
Y	y	Greek I
Z	å	Seed
Ä	ä	Ä
Ö	ö	Ö
Å	å	Å

*Q and Z are only found in words of foreign origin.

Pronunciation Guide

NOTE: Pyggerish vowels always pronounced as long if they are followed by a consonant and a vowel in sucession (ie “lane”). Pyggerish vowels are short if they are followed by two consonants (unless otherwise indicated), (ie hand)

Vowels

Vowel or Vowel Combination	Description	Sample Word
A	short vowel as in "cut" long vowel at the end of a word	kat drama
AA	long vowel as in "father"	baan
E	short vowel as in "pen" when inside of a word in combination with -el, -en, -er, -em as a shwa at the end of a word as a shwa	pen äppel lane
EE	long vowel as in "pay" but flatter	been
I	short vowel as in "pin" long vowel at the end of a word	find di
IJ	long vowel as in "see"	wijn
II	identical to IJ	oxiid
O	short vowel as in "dawn" long vowel at the end of a word	hond konto
OO	long vowel as in "loan"	toon
U	short vowel as in the German "dunn" long vowel at the end of a word	tun ennu
Ú	long vowel as in "moon" but tenser lips	hús
Ä	short vowel as in "bad" long vowel at the end of a word	män nä
ÄÄ	long vowel as in "bad" but longer	läät
Ö	short vowel like French "peu" long vowel at the end of a word	lön kö
ÖÖ	long vowel like German "Löhne"	göör
Y	identical to "I" identical to "IJ" at the end of a word
Ý	identical to "IJ"
Å	identical to "O" in all positions
ÅÅ	identical to "O" but followed by a shwa	nåår
UI	diphthong as in English "we" put tenser	duir
AU	identical to "O" in all positions
OU	diphthong as in English "house"	stou
ÚU	diphthong as in Catalan "duu"	drúu
EU	diphthong as in Catalan "meu"	reu
IU	diphthong as in Catalan "riu"	skriu
A(A)I	diphthong as in English "pie"	aai
O(O)I	diphthong as in English "boy"	moi
EI	diphthong as in English "pay"	hei
EG	identical to "ei" in all positions
IG	identical to "IJ" in all positions
YG	identical to "IJ" in all positions

Consonants

Consonant	Description	Sample Word
B	as in English	been
C	like "k" before a,o,u,ú,å or a consonant like "s" before ä,ö,y,ý,e,i
D	as in English	dai
F	as in English	find
G	like “g” in “good” before a,o,u,ú,å or a consonant in stressed syllables like “g” in “gin” before ä,ö,y,ý,e,i like “g” in “gin” combined with “j” when doubled, like “g” as in “good” like “y” elsewhere *see vowel table for diphthong combinations	good geu gjau trygg sege
H	as in English pronounced "rougher" at the end of a word silent in combination "ht"	han inoh naht
Hw	like English "wh" in "what" like "h" combined with o or u	hwat hwo
J	like the consonant "y" in English	jong
K	like “k” in “kin” before a,o,u,ú,å or a consonant in stressed syllables like “ch” in “chin” before ä,ö,y,ý,e,i *there is an exception to this rule with certain “international” words like “kilo”, “kino”, “kö”, etc that have a “hard k” pronunciation like “ch” in “chin” combined with “j”	kan köör kjool
L	like in English	lön
M	like in English	oma
N	like in English	nee
P	like in English	pijp
R	typically trilled, but can be uvular, depending on the speaker like "sh" in "shoe" combined with "s"	rå noors
S	like "sam" in English, never as in "rose" in English like "sh" in "shoe" combined as following: "stj", "sch" and "sj"	so stjern
T	like in English like "ch" in "church" combined with "j"	take tjern
V	like in English	love
W	like in English	win
X	like in "x" in "fox"	byxe
Z	like "s"	zoo

Grammar

Syntax is SV1OV2 with V2-word order in main clauses and SOV in subordinate clauses. Emphasized elements go to the beginning of a main clause and to the end of a subordinate clause.

Most vocabulary comes from Germanic sources with a some Romance (mainly French and Latin) and Celtic influences as well.

Gender

In Pyggerish, there are 3 genders: masculine, feminine and neutral. The feminine gender is used with animate, feminine nouns only (ie da ku, da kwen, etc) but it is entirely optional as all animate, feminine gender nouns can be declined as masculine (or more appropriately called "common" gender). Using the feminine gender is common in high-style and can also be confined to dialectal speech outside of the standard language.

Definite Article

Pyggerish possesses a definite article.

The definite article precedes the noun and is inflected for both gender and number.

	Singular	Plural
Masculine	Dan	De
Feminine	Da/Dan	De
Neutral	Dat	De

Indefinite Article

Pyggerish possesses an indefinite article, in the singular only.

The indefinite article precedes the noun and is inflected for gender only. In order to express indefiniteness in the plural, there simply is no article.

	Singular
Masculine	Een
Feminine	Ee/Een
Neutral	Et

Adjectives

Adjectives typically precede the noun and are inflected for both gender and number. Like many other Germanic languages, Pyggerish possesses both a "weak" and a "strong" declension for adjectives. Adjectives used attributively with indefinite nouns must use the "strong" declension. Adjectives used attributively with definite nouns must use the "weak" declension. Adjectives used predicatively must use the "strong" declension.

Weak Declension

	Singular	Plural
Masculine	-e	-e
Feminine	-e	-e
Neutral	-e	-e

Strong Declension

	Singular	Plural
Masculine	-	-e
Feminine	-	-e
Neutral	-t	-e

Personal Pronouns and Possessive Determiners

Personal pronouns are inflected for gender, animacy, case and number in 3rd person singular only. All other personal pronouns are inflected for case and number.

Reflexive pronouns general are the same as object pronouns except in the 3rd person.

Possessive Determiners are only inflected in the 1st person and in the 3rd person reflexive.

When inflected, they are always strong.

	Subjective	Objective	Reflexive	Possessive Determiner	Possessive Determiner	Possessive Determiner	Possessive Determiner
				Masculine	Feminine	Neutral	Plural
1st person (s)	I	me	me	mijn	mi	mit	mine
2nd person (s,inf)	je	je	je	je	je	je	je
3rd person (s,m,a)	han	hönen	si	hans, sijn (r)	hans, si (r)	hans, sit (r)	hans, sine (r)
3rd person (s,f,a)	hon	höner	si	höner, sijn (r)	höner, si (r)	höner, sit (r)	höner, sine (r)
3rd person (s,n,i)	dat	dat	si	dats, sijn (r)	dats, sijn (r)	dats, sijn (r)	dats, sijn (r)
3rd person (s,c,i)	dan	dan	si	dans, sijn (r)	dans, sijn (r)	dans, sijn (r)	dans, sijn (r)
1st person (p)	we	os	os	wåår	wåår	wåårt	wåre
2nd person (p,fm)	Je	Je	Je	Je	Je	Je	Je
3rd person (p)	dee	dem	si	ders, sijn (r)	ders, sijn (r)	ders, sijn (r)	ders, sijn (r)

Notes

1. Abbreviations:
   1. a = animate
   2. i = inanimate
   3. f = feminine
   4. m = masculine
   5. n = neutral
   6. c = common
   7. s = singular
   8. p = plural
   9. r = reflexive
   10. inf = informal
   11. fm = formal
2. The 2nd person plural/formal pronoun (all forms) and the 1st person singular (subjective form only) are always capitalized.

Interrogative Pronouns

English	Pyggers	Notes
Who?	Hwee?
Whom?	Hwem?
Whose?	Hwers?
Who (plural)?	Hwelke?
Whom (plural)?	Hwelke?
Whose (plural)?	Hwelkers?
What?	Hwat?
When?	Hwonåår?
Where?	Hwo?
Why?	Hwoföör?
How?	Hu?
Which?	Hwelk*	Declined as a strong adjective
How many?	Humange?
How much?	Humoi?

Indefinite Pronouns

Negative Pronouns

English	Pyggers	Notes
No one/Nobody	Neemand	not declined, no plural, always singular
No one's/Nobody's	Neemands	not declined, no plural, always singular, no apostrophe for genitive
Nothing	Nix/Nennigt	not declined, no plural, always singular, "nix" is more common
Never	Oudrig/Neemools	not declined, no plural, always singular, "oudrig" is more common
Nowhere	Overnennig/Nennigo	not declined
None/No/Not Any	Nennig	Declined as a strong adjective

"Some"

English	Pyggers	Notes
Someone/Somebody	Jomand	not declined, no plural, always singular
Someone's/Somebody's	Jomands	not declined, no plural, always singular, no apostrophe for genitive
Something	Etwat/Ennigt	not declined, no plural, always singular, "etwat" is more common
Sometimes	Soms/Stonden	not declined
Somewhere	Overennig/Ennigo	not declined
Some/Any	Ennig	Declined as a strong adjective (can be left out most of the time)

"Every (as in "All")

English	Pyggers	Notes
Everyone/All	Alle	not declined, always plural
Everyone's	Allers	not declined, always plural, no apostrophe for genitive
Everything	Out	not declined, no plural, always singular
Always/Everytime/All the time	Altijd	not declined, no plural, always singular
Everywhere	Overal	not declined, no plural, always singular
Every/All	Al	not declined, no plural, always singular, must be followed by a definite that is declined

Every (as in "Each")

Verb Conjugation

Weak Verbs

Tala - to speak or to talk (-d suffix)

Infinitive	tale
Present Participle	talend
Past Participle	taald
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	tale	taal	taal	tale
	past	taalde	taalde	taalde	taalde
Subjunctive	present	tale	tale	tale	tale
	past	taalde	taalde	taalde	taalde
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			taal		tale

Werke - to work or to function (-t suffix)

Infinitive	werke
Present Participle	werkend
Past Participle	werkt
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	werke	werk	werk	werke
	past	werkte	werkte	werkte	werkte
Subjunctive	present	werke	werke	werke	werke
	past	werkte	werkte	werkte	werkte
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			werk		werke

Önne - to grant or to bestow (-ed suffix)

Infinitive	önne
Present Participle	önnend
Past Participle	önned
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	önne	ön	ön	önne
	past	önnede	önnede	önnede	önnede
Subjunctive	present	önne	önne	önne	önne
	past	önnede	önnede	önnede	önnede
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			ön		önne

True - to believe or to think (-dt suffix)

Infinitive	true
Present Participle	truend
Past Participle	trúdt
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	true	tru	tru	true
	past	trúdte	trúdte	trúdte	trúdte
Subjunctive	present	true	true	true	true
	past	trúdte	trúdte	trúdte	trúdte
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			tru		true

Strong Verbs

Wride - to twist (Class I)

Infinitive	wride
Present Participle	wridend
Past Participle	wreden
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	wride	wrijd	wrijd	wride
	past	wreed	wreed	wreed	wrede
Subjunctive	present	wride	wride	wride	wride
	past	wrede	wrede	wrede	wrede
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			wrijd		wride

Sluite - to close or to end (Class 2)

Infinitive	sluite
Present Participle	sluitend
Past Participle	sloten
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	sluite	sluit	sluit	sluite
	past	sloot	sloot	sloot	slote
Subjunctive	present	sluite	sluite	sluite	sluite
	past	slote	slote	slote	slote
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			sluit		sluite

Drinke - to drink (Class 3)

Infinitive	drinke
Present Participle	drinkend
Past Participle	dronken
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	drinke	drink	drink	drinke
	past	dronk	dronk	dronk	dronke
Subjunctive	present	drinke	drinke	drinke	drinke
	past	dronke	dronke	dronke	dronke
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			drink		drinke

Bäre - to carry or to bear (Class 4)

Infinitive	bäre
Present Participle	bärend
Past Participle	boren
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	bäre	bäär	bäär	bäre
	past	baar	baar	baar	bare
Subjunctive	present	bäre	bäre	bäre	bäre
	past	bare	bare	bare	bare
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			bäär		bäre

Äte - to eat (Class 5)

Infinitive	äte
Present Participle	ätend
Past Participle	äten
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	äte	ät	ät	äte
	past	at	at	at	ate
Subjunctive	present	äte	äte	äte	äte
	past	ate	ate	ate	ate
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			ät		äte

Ake - to drive (Class 6)

Infinitive	ake
Present Participle	akend
Past Participle	aken
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	ake	aak	aak	ake
	past	ook	ook	ook	oke
Subjunctive	present	ake	ake	ake	ake
	past	oke	oke	oke	oke
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			aak		ake

Få - to get or to receive (Class 7)

Infinitive	få
Present Participle	fåend
Past Participle	faan
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	All
Number		singular			plural
Pronoun		I	je	han/hon/dat/dan	we/Je/Dee
Indicative	present	få	få	få	få
	past	fing	fing	fing	finge
Subjunctive	present	få	få	få	få
	past	finge	finge	finge	finge
Pronoun			je		Je
Imperative			få		få

Numbers

Cardinal Number	Ordinal Number
Een/Et	Föörste
Twee/To	Andre
Tri	Terde
Fuir	Fuirde
Femp	Fempte
Sex	Sexte
Suive	Suite
Oht	Ohte
Ni	Nijnde
Ti	Tijnde

 

Example text

Pyggers

Our Father in Pyggerish

Wåår Fader

Wåår Fader er i dan hemmen is. Helig were je naam.

Kome je rijk.

Were je wil skied, hu i dan hemmen, so op dan jerd.

Geu os idai wåårt dailige brood.

On föörgeu os wåre sönde so hu we dem föörgeve er geens os sönde.

Föör os inke i dan freesting maar frels os frå dan ovel.

Amen

Hail Mary

Dan Engels’rs Helsing

Helst were je, Maria, ful nade

Dan Härri is met je

Welsegned e je bland kwenne

On welsegnedt is je liu’s fruht, Jesús

Helige Maria, Guds modder

Bid föör os, arme sönders

Nu on i wåår doodtijm

Amen

Swadesh List

Swadesh #	English	Pyggerish
1	I	I
2	you (singular)	je
3	he	han
4	we	we
5	you (plural)	Je
6	they	dee
7	this	dan/dat...-her
8	that	dan/dat...-do
9	here	her
10	there	do
11	who/whom	hwee/hwem
12	what	hwat
13	where	hwo
14	when	hwonåår
15	how	hu
16	not	inke
17	all	out, alle, al
18	many	mange
19	some	ennig
20	few	få
21	other	ander
22	one	een,ee,et
23	two	twee,to
24	three	tri
25	four	fuir
26	five	femp
27	big	stoor
28	long	lang
29	wide	breed, wijd
30	thick	tuik
31	heavy	tong
32	small	lyttel
33	short	stot, koort
34	narrow	trong
35	thin	tun
36	woman	kwen
37	man	man
38	human	mense
39	child	barn
40	wife	húsfru
41	husband	húsbúnd
42	mother	modder,mama
43	father	fader,papa
44	animal	duir
45	fish	fis
46	bird	fogel
47	dog	hond
48	louse	lús
49	snake	snaak,slong
50	worm	orm
51	tree	tree
52	forest	skå
53	stick	stok,pin
54	fruit	ooist
55	seed	fro
56	leaf	blad,lúu
57	root	root
58	bark	bork
59	flower	bloom
60	grass	gras
61	rope	reep
62	skin	húd
63	meat	kwet
64	blood	blood
65	bone	been
66	fat	fat
67	egg	egg
68	horn	hoorn
69	tail	staart
70	feather	fjedder
71	hair	håår
72	head	hoved
73	ear	öör
74	eye	ooi
75	nose	nöös
76	mouth	mond
77	tooth	tand
78	tongue	tong
79	fingernail	nagel
80	foot	foot
81	leg	låår
82	knee	knee
83	hand	hand
84	wing	flogel
85	belly	búk
86	guts	kuddel
87	neck	hals,nek
88	back	rygg
89	breast	brööst
90	heart	hjert
91	liver	lever
92	drink, to	drinke
93	eat, to	äte, spise
94	bite, to	bite
95	suck, to	suige
96	spit, to	spuite
97	vomit, to	opkaste
98	blow, to	blase
99	breathe, to	oodme
100	laugh, to	lähe
101	see, to	sie
102	hear, to	höre
103	know, to	wete
104	think, to	tinke
105	smell, to	lofte
106	fear, to	oste's
107	sleep, to	some
108	live, to	leve
109	die, to	doe
110	kill, to	döde
111	fight, to	stride
112	hunt, to	jage
114	cut, to	skäre
115	split, to	kluive,splite,breke
116	stab, to	stikke
117	scratch, to	write
118	dig, to	grave
119	swim, to	swemme
120	fly, to	fluige
121	walk, to	wandle
122	come, to	kome
123	lie, to	lige
124	sit, to	sitte
125	stand, to	stå
126	turn, to	wende,snoe
127	fall, to	falle,dette
128	give, to	geve
129	hold, to	houde
130	squeeze, to	kwetse,trykke
131	rub, to	wrijve
132	wash, to	twå,wasse
133	wipe, to	wisse
134	pull, to	trekke,drå
135	push, to	stöte,skuive
136	throw, to	kaste,slenge
137	tie, to	binde,knuite
138	sew, to	söme
139	count, to	telle
140	say, to	sege
141	sing, to	singe
142	play, to	spele
143	float, to	fluite
144	flow, to	renne
145	freeze, to	fruise
146	swell, to	swelle
147	sun	sool
148	moon	maan
149	star	stjern
150	water	water
151	rain	regen
152	river	elv
153	lake	laak
154	sea	meer,sö
155	salt	sout
156	stone	steen
157	sand	sand
158	dust	stou
159	earth	jerd
160	cloud	sky
161	fog	nevel
162	sky	hemmen
163	wind	wind
164	snow	snö
165	ice	ijs
166	smoke	röök
167	fire	jeld
168	ash	as
169	burn, to	brände
170	road	weg
171	mountain	fjell
172	red	rööd
173	green	gröön
174	yellow	gelv
175	white	hwijt
176	black	soort
177	night	naht
178	day	dai
179	year	jåår
180	warm	warm
181	cold	koud
182	full	ful
183	new	ny
184	old	oud,gomel
185	good	good
186	bad	kwad,boos
187	rotten	rötten
188	dirty	trekkig
189	straight	been,reht
190	round	rond
191	sharp	skerp,hwas
192	dull	slee
193	smooth	sleht,even
194	wet	waat,nats
195	dry	tork
196	correct	rehtwijs
197	near	nå
198	far	fjer
199	right	tex
200	left	winster
201	house of,at the	hoos
202	in	i
203	with	met
204	and	on
205	if	jo
206	because	di,doföör at
207	name	naam

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