By all means, please contribute to the language's culture and/or history.
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| Palatine, Valerian Palatine, Valeriane | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Synthetic | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Nominative–accusative | |||
| Head direction | |||
| First | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| No | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
| Example Sentences of Palatine |
|---|
| I am a man. |
| Eo so uno hómino |
| I love you. |
| Eu te amo |
| I will give you horses. |
| Te daré cabales / Vus daré cabales |
| Do you hear the sound from the east? |
| Escoltas lo sono venito de le este? |
| This is a constructed language. |
| Esta es' una língua construita |
Palatine, ou valeriane, es' una língua artificiale zonale, creata per Oseias Souza da Silva Júnior. Esta língua sta ancora in constructione e pretende essere una língua franca per totas las personas que parlan línguas románicas.
Palatine, palatin or even valerian, is an artificial zonal language created by Oseias Souza da Silva Júnior. The language is still under construction. Meant to be a lingua franca for all the people who speak Romance languages.
L'autore accepta críticas e opiniones per lo melloramento del' idiome.
The author is accepting criticisms and opinions for the improvement of the language.
Características (Characteristics)[]
Le palatine es' una lpingua planificata basata supre las principales línguas románicas actueles: portucalense, hispañole, françense, italiane, romene e catalane, altere a essere influentiata per le latine e per idiomes neolatines menus parlates. La língua se caracteriza per un mínimu de irregularitates possíbiles.
Palatine is a planned language based on current main Romance languages: Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian and Catalan, as well as being influenced by Latin and less spoken Neo-Latin idioms. The language is characterized by a minimum of possible irregularities.
Suis parolas e fonemes essén provenientes de quasi totas las línguas latinas, cum preferentia data a quele que se avicinan de plus a la forma latina originária.
Words and phonemes come from almost all Latin languages, with preference being given to those that come closest to the original Latin form.
Phonology[]
Palatine has 5 vowels, 25 consonants and 4 digraphs. Since two of the consonants can be replaced by digraphs.
| Consonants | IPA | Vowels | IPA | Digraphs | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | b | a | a | cc (ç) | θ (s) |
| c | k, tʃ | e | e, ɛ | ch | tʃ, k |
| d | d | i | i (j, ɪ) | gh | dʒ, g |
| f | f | o | o, ɔ | ll | ʎ |
| g | g, dʒ | u | u (w, ʊ) | nn (ñ) | ɲ |
| h | - | qu | kw | ||
| j | ʒ | rh | rh | ||
| k | k | rr | r | ||
| l | l | sh (ș) | ʃ | ||
| m | m | ss | s | ||
| n | n | ||||
| p | p | ||||
| r | r, ɾ | ||||
| rr | r | ||||
| s | s (z) | ||||
| t | t | ||||
| ț | ts | ||||
| v | v | ||||
| w | w, ʊ | ||||
| x | ks | ||||
| y | j | ||||
| z | z |
- Consonant "c" sounds like /k/ before vowels "a", "o" and "u"; and sounds like /tʃ/ before "e" and "i".
Ex: cosa (/k'oza/), pace (/p'atʃe).
- Digraph "ch" sounds like /tʃ/ before vowels "a", "o" and "u"; and sounds like /k/ before "e" and "i".
Ex: chocolate (/tʃokol'ate/), chimera (/kim'eɾa/).
- Consonant "g" sounds like /g/ before vowels "a", "o" and "u"; sounds like /dʒ/ before "e" and "i".
Ex: mago (/m'ago/), mágica (/m'adjika/).
- Digraph "gh" sounds like /dʒ/ before vowels "a", "o" and "u"; sounds like /g/ before "e" and "i".
Ex: ghardeno (/djaɾd'eno/), spagheti (/spag'eti/)
- Consonant "h" is deaf.
Ex: prohibite (/pro:ib'ite/)
- Consonant "ș" can be replace by digraph "sh".
- Consonant "ț" can be replace by digraph "ts".
- Consonant "ç" has the allophone phonemes /s/ and /θ/.
Ex: façere (/faθ'eɾe/ or /fas'eɾe/)
- Consonant "r" sounds like /r/ whenever it is preceded by consonant or at the beginning of word (rosa, fronte, presidente) and sounds like /ɾ/ only when preceded by vowel (corona, parola, veritate).
Ex: rosa (/r'oza/), credo (/kr'edo/), parola (/paɾ'ola/).
- Digraph "rr" always sounds like /r/.
Ex: carro (k'aro).
- Consonant "s" sounds like /s/ whenever it is preceded by consonant or at the beginning of word (solo, ínsula, farsa, psicologia) and sounds like /z/ only when preceded by vowel (cosa, visione, música).
Ex: música (/m'uzika/), solo (/s'olo/).
- Digraph "ss" always sounds like /s/.
Ex: passo (/p'aso/).
Accentuation[]
- Oxitons: All are accentuated: Canadá, bidé, abajú, etc.
- Paroxystons: Almost never accentuated.
- Proparoxytons: All are accentuated: cónsule, crepúsculo, tónico, Ártico, mágico, fortúito, etc.
- Some words ending in a rising diphthong (ia, ie, io, iu, ua, ue, ui and uo) can be read as proparoxytones or paroxytones ending in a rising diphthong. Therefore, they are always accentuated: colónia, contínuo, Itália, vácuo, mónstruo, etc.
Syntax[]
The standard syntax of the Valerian follows those of the other Neolatins languages: subject-verb-object (SVO), subject-object-object (SOV) and adjective-noun; noun-adjective;
SOV: eu te escolto
SVO: eu escolto vosté
adjective-noun: beles artes
noun-adjective: artes beles
Pluralization[]
The letter 's' (es) is added to indicate the plural:
amore – amores (love – loves)
scola – scolas (school – schools)
sisteme – sistemes (system – systems)
máchina – máchinas (machine – machines)
mágice – mágices (magician – magicians)
deus - deuses (deity – deities)
somno – somnos (dream – dreams)
mónstruo – mónstruos (monster – monsters)
Gender and endings[]
There are three genders, each one represented by specific endings:
Male: represented by ending "-o", by article lo(s) and by pronoun ilo(s): tuo (your), actoro (actor), italiano (italian man), mágico (magic man).
Female: represented by ending "-a", by article la(s) and by pronoun ila(s): tua (your), actora (actress), italiana (italian woman), mágica (magic woman or magic itself).
Neuter: represented by endings "-e", "-i", "-u", ending consonants, by article le and by pronouns ile and id: tu (your), actore (actor/actress), italiane (italian one, idiome italiane), mágice (magic ono)
Ex:
mi amice - mia amica - mio amico (my friend)
tu hermane (your brother/sister) - tua sora/hermana (your sister) - tuo frato/hermano (your brother)
nostres genitores (our parents) - nostra mátera/progenitora (our mother) - nostro pátero/progenitoro (our father).
- Note - it is recommended that certain adjectives and nouns terminated with certain suffixes remain in the neutral form always:
- -ante (ente, inte): amante, presidente, cantante, inteligente, pedinte, constituínte, etc.
- -ense: canadense, holandense, françense, etc.
- -ale (are) : cordiale, stacionale, militare, añuale, scolare, etc.
- -ele/-ile: fidele, febrile, infantile, puerile, etc.
- -bile: amábile, credíbile, possíbile, perecíbile, etc.
- -iste: dentiste, anatomiste, romanciste, capitaliste, etc.
- -tore: actore, tradutore, cantore, dictatore, etc.
- -este (estre): celeste, campestre, rupestre, etc.
- escu: carnavalescu, animalescu,
Pronouns[]
| Nominal | Direct | Indirect | Possessive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | |||||||
| eu | I | me | me | mí | me, "myself" | mei(s), mea(s) meo(s) | my, mine |
| tú | you (singular) | te | you (singular) | tí | you, yourself | túi(s), túa(s), túo(s) | your, yours (singular), thy, thyne |
| ile | they (singular) | le, se | them (singular) | sí | them, themself (singular) | súi(s), súa(s), súo(s), de ile | their, theirs (singular) |
| nós | we | nus | us | nobis | us, ourself | nostri(s) nostra(s), nostro(s) | our, ours |
| vós | you (plural) | vus | you (plural) | vobis | you (plural), yourselves | vostri(s) vostra(s), vostro(s) | your, yours (plural) |
| iles | they | les, se | them | sí | them, themself | lori(s), lora(s), loro(s), de iles | their, theirs |
| Treatment or with gender | |||||||
| ea | "female I" | me | me | mí | me, myself | mi(s), etc | my, mine |
| eo | "male I" | me | me | mí | me, myself | mi(s), etc | my, mine |
| vosté ('osté, vos'é) | "Mr, Mrs, Miss, Sir, Madam" | sú(s), súa(s), súo(s), de vosté | you | sí | you, yourself | sui(s), de vosté | your, yours (singular) |
| Ila | she, her, herself | la, se | her | sí | her, herself | sui(s), de ila | her, hers |
| ilo, lo, se, sí | he, him, himself | lo, se | him | si | him, himself | sui(s), de ilo | his |
| id | it, itself | id, se | it | si | it, itself | súi(s), súa(s), súo(s), de id | its |
| nós alt'res | we (except you) | nus | us | nobis | us, ourself | nostri(s) nostra(s), nostro(s), de nos alt'res | our, ours |
| nós totes | we (with you) | nus | us | nobis | us, ourself | nostri(s) nostra(s), nostro(s), de nos totes | our, ours |
| vosté ('osté, vos'é) | "Madams, Sirs, Ladies, Gentlemen" | vus | you | sí | you, yourself | sui(s), de vostés | your, yours (plural) |
| ilas, las, se, sí | they, them, themself | las, se | them | sí | them, themself | lore(s), lora(s), loro(s), de ilas | their, theirs |
| ilos, los, se, sí | they, them, themself | los, se | them | sí | them, themself | lore(s), lora(s), loro(s), de ilos | their, theirs |
Ex:
Eu te amo - I love you
Eu amo vosté - I love you, Sir/Ma'am
Nós totes lo amábamos - We all loved him.
Nós álteres lo amábamos. Tu non! - We loved him. You didn't.
Conjugation[]
All palatine verbs are regular.
|
Amare (to love) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | amo | amabo | amé | amaré | amario | amassi | amei |
| Tu | amas | amabas | amaste | amarás | amarias | amasses | ames |
| Ile | ama | amaba | amó | amará | amaria | amasse | ame |
| Nós | amamos | amábamos | amáramos | amaremos | amaríamos | amássemos | amemos |
| Vos | amahis | amabais | amastes | amareis | amaríais | amassis | amehis |
| Iles | aman | amaban | amaran | amarán | amarian | amassen | amen |
| Gerund | amante | Participle | amate | ||||
| Stare (to be, to stay) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | sto | stabo | sté | staré | stario | stassi | stei |
| Tu | stas | stabas | staste | starás | starias | stasses | stes |
| Ile | sta | staba | stó | stará | staria | stasse | ste |
| Nós | stamos | stábamos | stáramos | staremos | staríamos | stássemos | stemos |
| Vós | stais | stabais | stastes | stareis | staríais | stassis | steis |
| Iles | stan | staban | staran | starán | starian | stassen | sten |
| Gerund | stante | Participle | state | ||||
| Dicere (to say) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | dico | dicebo | dicé | diceré | dicerio | dicessi | dicai |
| Tu | dices | dicebas | diceste | dicerás | dicerias | dicesses | dicas |
| Ile | dice | diceba | dicó | dicerá | diceria | dicesse | dica |
| Nós | dicemos | dicébamos | habéramos | diceremos | diceríamos | dicéssemos | dicamos |
| Vós | diceis | dicebais | dicestes | dicereis | diceríais | dicessis | dicais |
| Iles | dicen | diceban | diceran | dicerán | dicerian | dicessen | dican |
| Gerund | dicente | Participle | dicite (dic'te) | ||||
| Essere (to be) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | 'so (esso) | essebo | essé | 'seré (esseré) | 'serio (esserio) | essessi | essai |
| Tu | esses | essebas | esseste | 'serás (esserás) | 'serias (esserias) | essesses | essas |
| Ile | es' (esse) | esseba | essó | 'será | 'seria (esseria) | essesse | essa |
| Nos | 'semos (essemos) | essébamos | 'éramos (esséramos) | 'seremos (esseremos) | 'seríamos (esseríamos) | esséssemos | essamos |
| Vos | 'seis (esseis) | essebais | essestes | 'sereis (essereis) | 'seríais (esseríais) | essessis | essais |
| Iles | 'sen (essen) | esseban | 'eran (esseran) | 'serán (esserán) | 'serian (esserian) | essessen | essan |
| Gerund | essente | Participle | essite | ||||
| Habere (to be there, to have) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | habo | habebo | habé | haberé | haberio | habessi | habai (ha'i) |
| Tu | habes (ha's) | habebas | habeste | haberás | haberias | habesses | habas |
| Ile | habe (ha') | habeba | habó | haberá | haberia | habesse | haba |
| Nós | habemos | habébamos | habéramos | haberemos | haberíamos | habéssemos | habamos |
| Vós | habeis | habebais | habestes | habereis | haberíais | habessis | habais |
| Iles | haben (ha'n) | habeban | haberan | haberán | haberian | habessen | haban |
| Gerund | habente | Participle | habite | ||||
| Façere (to do, to make) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | faço | façebo | façé | façeré | façerío | façessei | façai |
| Tú | façes | façebas | façeste | façerás | façerias | façesses | faças |
| Ile | façe | façeba | façó | façerá | façeria | façesse | faça |
| Nós | façemos | façébamos | façéramos | façeremos | façeríamos | façéssemos | façamos |
| Vós | façeis | façebais | façestes | façereis | façeríais | façessis | façais |
| Iles | façen | façeban | façeran | façerán | façerian | façessen | façan |
| Gerund | façente | Participle | façite (fa'ite) | ||||
| Sentire (to feel) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | sento | sentibo | senté | sentiré | sentirio | sentissi | sentai |
| Tú | sentis | sentibas | sentiste | sentirás | sentirias | sentisses | sentas |
| Ile | senti | sentiiba | sentó | sentirá | sentiria | sentisse | senta |
| Nós | sentimos | sentíbamos | sentíramos | sentiremos | sentiríamos | sentíssemos | sentamos |
| Vos | sentiis | sentibais | sentistes | sentireis | sentiríais | sentissis | sentais |
| Iles | sentin | sentiiban | sentiran | sentirán | sentirian | sentissen | sentan |
| Gerund | sentinte | Participle | sentite | ||||
| Ire (to go) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Past Imperfective | Past Perfect | Future | Conditional | Subjuntive | Imperative | |
| Eu | o | ibo | é | iré | irio | issi | ai |
| Tú | is | ibas | iste | irás | irias | isses | as |
| Ile | i | iba | ó | irá | iria | isse | a |
| Nós | imos | íbamos | íramos | iremos | iríamos | íssemos | amos |
| Vós | iis | ibais | istes | ireis | iríais | issis | ais |
| Iles | in | iban | iran | irán | irian | issen | an |
| Gerund | inte | Participle | ite | ||||
Cantiones in Palatine[]
Tormento d'Amore[]
Song by Agnaldo Rayol
Martírio, tormento d'amore (Martyrdom, torment of love)
Lo delírio façe parte del' core (Delirium makes part of the heart)
Uno pranto baña la boca (A cry bathes the mouth)
Es' tanta la vólia de retrobar-te (And great is my wish to find you again)
Onde stas, la fantasia? (Where are you, fantasy)
La nostalgia, la mea mania
E meis oculis, turbates (My eyes are disturbed)
Del' sole, delo vento (From the sun, from the wind)
Lo tuo viso sereno m'encanta (Your calm face, it bewitches me)
Que emancança me façe (What a lack which you make)
Te volo havere sempre com me (I want to have you with me forever)
Hodje h'o sentito realmente que (Today I felt truly that)
No poto plus vivere assí (I could not live anymore this way)
Per mi tu esses sempre (For me you are always) Le prime amore (My first love)
Cánticos Valerianos[]
Cántico I - Le Morte de Deuso[]
Le sángue de Deuso scolará supre la terra
e mutes, omnes clamarán Sui nómine...
"Dómino, nus salves de la Fera".
Ma Ilo ne responderá lo apelo;
Totes stan in les mánues de le Sorte;
Le deus' vive que habitó lo celo,
Supre le solu, jace morte.
Translate:
The blood of God will run over the ground.
and dumb, all will cry out His name...
"Lord, save us from the beast."
But He will not answer the call;
All are in the hands of Luck;
The living deity who had inhabited the Heaven (sky),
On the ground, lies dead.
Cántico II - Pátero Nostro[]
Pat'ro nostro que sta in Celo
Sanctificate essa Tui Nómine
Vena ad nobis, Tuo regeno
Faça-se Tui voluntate
Sic in Terra, sic in Celo
Pane nostre quotidiane da-nus hodje
Perdona nostras débitas, sic como perdonamos nostres debitores
Ne permita que cademos in tentatione
Ma libera-nus de lo Malo
Amén.
Cántico III - Supre heros e monstruos[]
Los heros stan mortos
Lores nómines seran soldates in le posteritate
Ídoles questionábiles
Mitos circatos de horrore e gloria
Que sufocan le veritate
Crudelos assassinos in vita
Mártires, heros in morte
Sanctos canonizatos per la historia narrata per les vincitoros
Demonios, hóminos, humanos, pecatoros
Ma in lo teatro de les deuses, solamente actoros
Ne sapiemos le que venirá despós
Alora portes tui cruce, elegias tuas armas
Post que solamente lo tempo judicará a nobis.
Tradução:
The heroes are dead
Their names were soldered into posterity
Questionable idols
Myths surrounded by horror and glory
That smother the truth
Cruel killers in life
Martyrs, heroes in death
Saints canonized by the story narrated by the winners
Demons, Men, Humans, Sinners
But in the theater of the gods, only actors
We don't know what will come next
So carry your cross, choose your weapons
Because only time will judge us
Cántico IV - Canto de Core Partite[]
Prefero parlare la língua de les ángeles
Iles dicen-me cosas belas
La lingua de los hóminos solamente feri
Parolas ásperas, sputatas ad lo vento
Le amore menti
Le dolore apre óculos
La supérbia separa
E lo tempo...
Deleta tuto
Tradução:
I prefer to speak the angels' tongues
They tell me beautiful things
Men's tongue just hurts
Harsh words spat in the wind
love lies
The pain opens the eyes
The pride separates
And the time...
Erases everything.
Words[]
Valerian - English
A[]
abajú - abajour
actora - actress
actore - ator masculino ou feminino
actoro - ator masculino
alchemia – alquimia
alchemiste – alquimista
altere (alt're) - other
amore – love
ángele - angel
Árctico - Ártico
azure - azul
B[]
bene - bem
bona - boa
bone - bom/boa
bono - bom
bidé - bidé
C[]
Canadá - Canadá
cantare - cantar
canto - canto
castelo – castelo
cech - idioma tcheco
ceche - tcheco/tcheca
celo – céu
chelóniu – quelônio
chémica – química
chocolate – chocolate
cip - chip
cónsule - cônsule
corona – coroa
crepúsculo - crepúsculo
D[]
deus(e) – divindade
deusa - deusa
deuso - deus
deseño - desenho
E[]
esperanța – esperança
F[]
façada - fachada
façere - fazer
fide – fé
fidele – fiel
fidelitate - fidelidade
fugere - fugir
G[]
gigante - gigante
H[]
hodje - hoje
I[]
italiane (idiome italiane) - italiano (idioma italiano)
italiana - italiana
italiane - italiano ou italiana
italiano - italiano
J[]
juvene - jovem
K[]
kilómetre - quilômetro
L
lușúria - lust
M[]
mágice (ca, co) - mágico
máchina- máquina
margarita - margarida
matera (mat'ra) – mãe
materno – materno
mi(o/a) – meu/minha
monstruo - monstro
morte - morte, morto(a)
N[]
nigere (a, o) (nig're) – negro (negra)
nostre (a, o) - nosso(a)
O[]
omni - todo
omne - cada um
P[]
partire - partir
patero (pat'ro) - pai
paterne (a, o) – paterno(a)
plata - prata
Q[]
quanto - quanto
R[]
rege - monarc
regio - king
regina, regia - queen
regno - kingdom, realm
S[]
scola - escola
signo - signo, sinal
sisteme - sistema
sono – som
somno – sonho
somnare – sonhar
soño – sono
stela - estrela
sui(o/a) – seu/sua, dele, dela
șow - show
T[]
Terra –Terra
terrore – terror
tónice - tônico(a)
tui(o/a) – teu/tua
țunami - tsunami
U[]
unione - união
unitate - unidade
V[]
vacina - vacina
vostre(a,o) – vosso(a)
W[]
X[]
Y[]
Z[]
zebra - zebra
zero - zero
zona - zona
Contact[]
Telegram: https://t.me/valerianconlang