| Proto central mannic | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | agglutinative | ||||||||||||
| Alignment | Active stative | ||||||||||||
| Head direction | intial | ||||||||||||
| Tonal | No | ||||||||||||
| Declensions | Yes | ||||||||||||
| Conjugations | Yes | ||||||||||||
| Genders | yes | ||||||||||||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||||||||||||
| Case | Number | ||||||||||||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||||||||||||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||||||||||||
| Voice | Mood | ||||||||||||
| Person | Number | ||||||||||||
| Tense | Aspect | ||||||||||||
| Meta-information | |||||||||||||
| Progress | 0% | ||||||||||||
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| Creator | [[User:|]] | ||||||||||||
Classification and Dialects[]
Proto central mannic was the early human language spoken by central humans during the early second era. It later seperated into many different languages and dialects some of them well known such as Freelandic and others like Ozoman were spoken by only one hundred people in just a hundred years. Proto central mannic is thought to be related to Proto south central mannic however the language seems to have more elven conjugates.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
Proto central mannic had seventeen consonants, it had bilabials, dentals, alveolars, retroflex. uvular, pharyngeal, glottal. It used plosives, fricatives, affricatives, approximants, later fricatives. The plosives used only voiced consonants, the fricatives distinguished each other by aspiriation.
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | b | d | d | ɖ | ɢb | ? | |
| Fricative | f fʰ | θ θʰ | ʂ ʂʰ | ʁ | ɦ | ||
| Affricate | qχʼ | ||||||
| Approximant | w | l | ʁ | ||||
| Lateral fric. | ɬⁿ |
| sound changes | old silsian | Freemannic | ulach-durgian |
|---|---|---|---|
| plosives |
plosives become breathy voiced at the end of word uvular stays them same retroflex kept alveolar stop lost pharyngeal becomes epiglottal after words plosives lost between vowels |
distinction between voiced and unvoiced plosives ba loss of retroflex stop palatisation of voiceless plosives before front vowels pharyngeal stop becomes a glottal stop after back vowels pharyngeal stop is lost apart from when it is after a back vowel Uvular plosives to velar plosives |
plosives split into voiced and unvoiced retroflex becomes post alveolar uvular to velar pharyngeal stop becomes blottal |
| Fricatives |
dental fricatives lost glottal fricative lost ʁ becomes voiceless |
unasiprated fricativess become voiced retroflex fricatives lost alveolar fricatives gained (voiced and unvoiced) uvular fricative becomes a trill |
aspirated fricatves become aspirated plosives ɦ is lost |
| affricative |
qχʼ becomes χ qxos to xos |
qχʼ becomes kx' due to uvular to velar qxos (boy) to kxos (boy) |
qχʼ becomes kx' due to uvular to velar qxos to kxos |
| approximant | approximants are pronouced as trills inbtween and after words | w is lost between vowels | ʁ to j |
| lateral fricative |
lateral fricative is kept lnioas to linioas |
the lateral fricative is lost lnioas (woman) to ioas (woman) |
lateral fricative becomes ç lnioas to chioas |
Vowels[]
| Front | front creaky | back breathy | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ʊ | ɯ | |
| Near-close | e | e | ||
| Near-open | æ | |||
| Open | ɶ | ɶ | ä | ä |
| old silsian | freemanic | ulach-durgian | |
|---|---|---|---|
| front |
i becomes rounded after bilabial consonants æ becomes long |
each vowel becoms rounded or unrounded | |
| front creaky | creaky e is lost | creaky vowels lost | creaky e is rounded |
| back breathy | ʊ becomes rounded | breathy vowels lost | breathy vowels lost |
| back | ɯ becomes palatised in between cosnonants | ɯ is unrounded | ɯ is rounded and unrounded |
Phonotactics[]
CLV CV CFV VC CVC CAV CRCV CRV VCV
Writing System[]
| Letter | B b | Ď ď | D d | Ḍ ḍ | G g | V v | F f | Ð ð | Þ þ | Z z | S s | Rh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound | b | d̪ | d | ɖ | ɢb | f | fʰ | θ | θʰ | zh | ʂʰ | ʁ |
| Letter | ' | Ch ch | W w | L l | ||||||||
| Sound | ? | qx | w | |||||||||
| Letter | ||||||||||||
| Sound |
Grammar[]
Nouns[]
The proto language used complex but highly regualr noun morphology, case and gender each agree to each other. Pronouns are marked for case and gender. There are around ten articles which all have to agree with the nouns number. Case is shown through suffixes and number is shown through prefixes.
| masculine | feminine | neutral | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ergative |
-os |
-as | -us |
| Absolutive | -dro | -dra | -dru |
| genitive | -ot | -ot | -ut |
| instrumental | -og | -ag | ug |
| locative | -oq | -aq | uq |
| benefactive | -ofh | -afh | ufh |
Verbs[]
Syntax[]
Proto central mannic was an active-stative language with its words being made of aggulantives for example the word for fisherman being he who hunts in the river Agafbrohoshityosos (river-locative-feminine third person hunt regular third person singular male ergative) these long compound words would later became shorter over time Agafbrohoshityosos became Akvbrohitosos in Aundarian later this would became Akvrohitos in middle freelandic finally in modern Freelandic it became Akvrotos.