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Rajkhed

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Rajked
RAJSAD
Type
Agglutinative
Alignment
Direct
Head direction
First
Tonal
No
Declensions
No
Conjugations
Yes
Genders
no
Nouns decline according to...
Case Number
Definiteness Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice Mood
Person Number
Tense Aspect



General informationEdit

Rajkhed (spelled RAJSAD in its native term) is the main language spoken in ESTRÉJA MŌSAD, or in literal terms "World of Stars". There are very few people of earth who speak it. Originally, it was and exclusively spoken language but over time they wanted an easier way to teach their young and keep better record of past happenings for young to learn from, so after the Rajkhed people adapted their own written forms, they also adopted a Romanized alphabet as well.

The Rajkhed language does not have a lowercase or uppercase form so words appear to always be written in uppercase.

PhonologyEdit

ConsonantsEdit

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Post-alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Epiglottal Glottal
Nasal /m/ /n/ /k/
Plosive /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/
Fricative /v/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /ɣ/ /h/
Affricate
Approximant /ɻ/
Trill /r/
Flap or tap
Lateral fric.
Lateral app. /l/
Lateral flap

VowelsEdit

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
Close /i/ /ʉ/
Near-close /I/ /ʊ/
Close-mid /ei/
Mid
Open-mid /œ/ /ɜ/ /ʌ/
Near-open
Open

AlphabetEdit

Letter Pronunciation Letter Pronunciation
A [ʌ] B [b]
D [d] E [e]
É [ei] H [h]
I [ i ] Ì [e]
AA [ʌː] J [j]
K [k] L [l]
M [m] N [n]
O [ʊ] Ō [ʉ]
P [p] R [ɻ]
R̄ [r] S [ ʃ ]
T [t] U [œ]
Ú [ɜ] V [v]
X [ɣ] Y [ʎ]
G [ʒ]

PhonotacticsEdit

Acceptable Consonant Doubles (only for the start of words)

  • ST
  • HK
  • XY

Acceptable Syllable Structure (C)=consonant (CC)=double consonant V=vowel VV=double vowel

  • (C)V(C)
  • (CC)V(C)
  • (C)VV(C)
  • (C)VV(CC)
  • (C)
  • (C)V
  • (CC)V
  • (C)VV
  • (C)V(C)V(C)
  • (C)V(C)V(CC)
  • V
  • VV
  • V(C)
  • V(C)(C)
  • V(C)V
  • V(C)(C)V
  • V(C)(C)VV

Notes

  • the vowel AA cannot be doubled with another vowel
  • there cannot be a double consonant at the beginning and end of a word at the same time
  • when a word is ended in a vowel or double vowel, a rising tone accent is added to the final vowel
    • For example, the word I in Rajkhed is spelled SǑ and makes the indicated rise, but not spelled SO. It will then mean a different word.
    • This rule does not apply to vowels that already have a diatric
    • This rule does not apply to prefixes

GrammarEdit

Gender Cases Numbers Tenses Persons Moods Voices Aspects
Verb No No No Yes Yes No No No
Nouns No Yes Yes No Yes No No No
Adjectives No No No No No No No No
Numbers No No No No No No No No
Participles No No No No Yes No No No
Adverb No No No No No No No No
Pronouns No No No No Yes No No No
Adpositions No No No No No No No No
Article No No No No No No No No
Particle No No No No No No No No

NounsEdit

Nouns are affected only by number, possession, and case

  • Possession
Prefix English Equivalent
HEB- 's
E- 's

E- is used with possessive words that begin with a consonant

  • Plurals

To make a noun plural

Prefix English Equivelent
KI- -s/-es
K- -s/-es

KI- is used with words that begin with a consonant

  • Case

This changes a little, depending on ending. It is to show nouns by function (excluding pronouns and honorifics). Plural prefixes can always be added.

Nouns that end in consonant. For example: KÚNIS (dog)

Singular Plural
Nominative/Subject KÚNIS KIKÚNIS
Object/Accusative KÚNIM KIKÚNIM
Vocative KÚNIX KIKÚNIX
Possessive/Genitive ÉKÚNIS KÉKÚNIS
Indirect Object/Dative KÚNǏ KIKÚNǏ
Ablative KÚNǏ KIKÚNǏ

If you notice, when a noun ends in a consonant, the vowel that comes before is always kept the same. This goes for double consonants too. To make it plural, the prefix KI- was added, but this was not the case in making the plural possessive form. To make the plural possessive form, only add the necessary prefixes. The possessive prefix is always added first (in this case E-) and then the corresponsive plural prefix (in this case K- ).

Nouns that end in a vowel. For example ÉRǏ (horse)

Singular Plural
Nominative/Subject ÉRǏ KÉRǏ
Object/Accusative ÉRǏM KÉRǏM
Vocative ÉRǏX KÉRǏX
Possessive/Genitive HEBÉRǏ KIHEBÉRǏ
Indirect Object/Dative ÉRǏS KÉRǏS
Ablative ÉRǏS KÉRǏS

Here, not much has changed from the noun that ended in consonant. Just as the last consonant was changed before, this time the changed consonant was added. But in this case, the rising diatric used for the ending vowel remains even though a consonant was added. In the plural possessive form, like before, the possessive prefix was added first (HEB-) then the plural prefix was added next (KI-).


  • Honorifcs

Much like in Japanese, the honorific is seriously important and is only left out when one is very familiar with the other. The honorific comes first before the person's last name.

Honorific English Equivalent
XŌVAK/ XŌVAS/ XŌVAL Mr./Ms./Mrs.
BÉRAN Doctor
PŌRAN Teacher, Boss
JIVAN Underclassmen, anyone younger (males)
JIVAS Underclassmen, anyone younger (females)
DIVAN Upperclassmen, any kid older (males)
DIVAS Upperclassmen, any kid older (females)

NumbersEdit

Number Name
0 JERÚ
1 VÉ
2 VAA
3 VIJ
4 VIN
5 VŌX
6 VAX
7 VÉK
8 VIS
9 VAT
10 VÉRÚ
11 VÉRÉ
12 VÉRAA
13 VÉRIJ
14 VÉRIN
15 VÉRŌX
16 VÉRAX
17 VÉRÉK
18 VÉRIS
19 VÉRAT
20 SAAN
21 VÉ É SAAN
22 VAA É SAAN
23 VIJ É SAAN
24 VIN É SAAN
25 VŌX É SAAN
26 VAX É SAAN
27 VÉK É SAAN
28 VIS É SAAN
29 VAT É SAAN
30 SIJ
40 SIN
50 SOX
60 SAX
70 SÉK
80 SIS
90 SAT
100 HÉRÚ
150 HÉRÚSOX
200 HAARÚ
300 HIJ
400 HIN
500 HOX
600 HAX
700 HÉK
800 HIS
900 HAT
1,000 VÉTALAA
1,500 HOX VÉTALAA
5,000 VŌXTALAA
10,000 VÉTALŌN
1,000,000 VÉTAR̄ŌN
1,000,000,000 VÉTAR̄IN
∞ MÉPAD 












































Telling Age

Instead of saying "I am sixteen years old" you say "I have 16 years."

  • Examples

-VÉRAX KIHEBANNIS BÉ SǑ. (I have sixteen years)

-VIN É SOX KIHEBANNIS BÉ SǑ. (I have four with fifty years)

PronounsEdit

Personal Pronouns

Pronoun English
SǑ I, me, myself
SAB we, us, ourselves
MǑ you, yourself
AN/HAAN he/she
YUET it (animate)
YUAT it (inanimate)
SETĚ them

Interrogative Pronouns

Pronoun English
MIMǏ what
NŌ when
KILAM where
NÉ why
RŌN how
BAA who, whom, which, whose
TÉ how much, how many, how far

Demonstrative Pronouns

Pronoun English
INÚ this(1st person)
INÉ that(2nd person)
INAN that(3rd person)

Indefinite Pronouns

Pronoun English
AN everyone, everything
IN no one, nothing
ON someone, something
ÚN anyone, anything

ArticlesEdit

This is the only article used in Rajkhed and is used very few.

Article English Equivelent
AT the

VerbsEdit

Verbs are inflected by person, tense, and number. Like with nouns, verb conjugations alter depending on if it is ending in a consonant or vowel.

Conjugating a verb that ends in a vowel: TAMǍ (to eat)

TAMǍDǑ I eat
TAMǍMǑ you eat
TAMǍDAN he/she eats
TAMǍDAB we eat
KITAMǍMǑ you eat(plural)
TAMǍDET they eat

Here, suffixes were added. These are the suffixes for verbs ending in a vowel:

-DǑ I
-MǑ you(singular)
-DAN he/she
-DAB we
-MǑ you(plural)
-DET they

Only add the plural prefix when using the plural form of you.

Conjugating a verb that ends in a consonant: YÉN (to run)

YÉNŌS I run
YÉNŌM you run(singular)
YÉNAN he/she runs
YÉNAB we run
KIYÉNŌM you run(plural)
YÉNET they run

Once again, only suffixes were added, but this time they were only V(C) suffixes. These are the suffixes for consonants ending in a consonant:

-ŌS I
-ŌM you(singular)
-AN he/she
-AB we
-ŌM you(plural)
-ET they

Like before, just add the plural prefix to make the plural form of you.

When something does not have a specific gender, the pronoun YUET (animate it) or YUAT (inanimate it) comes after the standard form of the verb.

Example: YÉN YUET. (It runs.)


Tenses

For verbs that end with a consonant:

present past future
1st YÉNŌS YÉNŌSŌ YÉNŌSŌN
2nd YÉNŌM YÉNŌMÚ YÉNŌMÚN
3rd YÉNAN YÉNANÉ YÉNANÉN

For verbs that end with a vowel:

present past future
1st TAMǍDǑ TAMǍDǑN TAMǍDǑNŌ
2nd TAMǍMǑ TAMǍMǑJ TAMǍMǑJŌ
3rd TAMǍDAN TAMǍDANÉ TAMǍDANÉN

Here there is not change in the third tense. That is because a verb that ends in a vowel always converts to a consonant ending verb when in third person, so it gets the suffixes that go on a consonant ending verb.

Auxiliary VerbsEdit

To be English
XÉ is
XÉDǑ am
XÉMAT are
XÉKŌT was
XÉJEN were
XÉTŌ be
XÉPAAT being
XÉP been
To have English
BÉ have
BÉDŌ has
BÉJEN had
BÉMAT having
To do English
PÉ do
PÉDǑ did
PÉPAAT done
PÉKŌT does
PÉTŌ doing
Other Auxiliary Verbs English
LÉ can
LÉPAAT could
JÉ may
JÉPAAT might
JÉTŌ must
SÉ shall
SÉKŌT should
RÉ will
RÉDŌ would


PrepositionsEdit

AdjectivesEdit

Adjectives are not really adjectives, they are more like verbs. Because they are more like verbs, they conjugate like verbs.

  • Examples
    • KÉJǏ YUAT AT RAAM. (the shirt reds)
    • KÉJǏDAN AN MÉDIS AT. (his fur reds)

SyntaxEdit

Generally sentences can be formed by VOS or VSO

  • Examples:
    • VOS: DÉǏDǑ STIM SǑ (literal: wrote letter I. Altered: I wrote the letter.)
    • VSO: DÉǏDǑ SǑ STIM (literal: wrote I letter. Altered: I wrote the letter.)

Negative FormEdit

Making a sentence negative isn't very difficult at all. Just insert the adverb JEV before the subject.

  • NIETŌS XÉDǑ SǑ (I am strong)
    • NIETŌS XÉDǑ JEV SǑ (I am not strong)
  • AAMǍMǑ XÉMAT MǑ (You are nice)
    • AAMǍMǑ XÉMAT JEV MǑ (You are not nice)
  • SÉPARŌS HABENT SǑ (I have friends)
    • SÉPARŌS HABENT JEV SǑ (I don't have friends)
  • NŌR̄ASŌS LÉ SǑ (I can read)
    • NŌR̄ASŌS LÉ JEV SǑ (I can't read)

Interrogative FormEdit

Creating interrogative sentences or questions are much like creating negative sentences by adding the adverb TAATÉ at the end of the sentence.

Making a negative interrogative sentence is just as easy. Just add the adverbs in the correct places.

  • NIETŌS XÉDǑ SǑ TAATÉ? (I am strong?)
    • NIETŌS XÉDǑ JEV SǑ TAATÉ? (I am not strong?)

It is also common to suggest the answer to yes or no questions. This is done by adding DUXǏ (positive or yes answers) and ŌMAAX (negative or no answers) to the start of the sentence.

  • DUXǏ NIETŌS XÉDǑ SǑ TAATÉ? (I am strong, right?)
    • ŌMAAX NIETŌS XÉDǑ SǑ TAATÉ? (I am strong, no?)

VocabularyEdit


No. English
1ISǑ
2you (singular)MǑ
3heAN
4weSAB
5you (plural)KIMǑ
6theySETĚ
7thisINÚ
8thatINÉ
9hereJIR̄EX
10thereLORAAJ
11whoBAA
12whatMIMǏ
13whereKILAM
14whenNŌ
15howRŌN
16notJÉV
17allENEK
18manyALÉXYP
19someYAASTEN
20fewTID
21otherYAASTR̄Ǐ
22oneVÉ
23twoVAA
24threeVIJ
25fourVIN
26fiveVŌX
27bigXYǏ
28longJOK
29wideBAXYAAK
30thickNASAL
31heavyRÉLEX
32smallSTAAYǓ
33shortR̄AMAK
34narrow—
35thin—
36woman—
37man (adult male)—
38man (human being)—
39child—
40wife—
41husband—
42mother—
43father—
44animal—
45fish—
46bird—
47dog—
48louse—
49snake—
50worm—
51tree—
52forest—
53stick—
54fruit—
55seed—
56leaf—
57root—
58bark—
59flower—
60grass—
61rope—
62skin—
63meat—
64blood—
65bone—
66fat—
67egg—
68horn—
69tail—
70feather—
71hair—
72head—
73ear—
74eye—
75nose—
76mouth—
77tooth—
78tongue—
79fingernail—
80foot—
81leg—
82knee—
83hand—
84wing—
85belly—
86guts—
87neck—
88back—
89breast—
90heart—
91liver—
92drink—
93eat—
94bite—
95suck—
96spit—
97vomit—
98blow—
99breathe—
100laugh—
101see—
102hear—
103know—
104think—
105smell—
106fear—
107sleep—
108live—
109die—
110kill—
111fight—
112hunt—
113hit—
114cut—
115split—
116stab—
117scratch—
118dig—
119swim—
120fly—
121walk—
122come—
123lie—
124sit—
125stand—
126turn—
127fall—
128give—
129hold—
130squeeze—
131rub—
132wash—
133wipe—
134pull—
135push—
136throw—
137tie—
138sew—
139count—
140say—
141sing—
142play—
143float—
144flow—
145freeze—
146swell—
147sun—
148moon—
149star—
150water—
151rain—
152river—
153lake—
154sea—
155salt—
156stone—
157sand—
158dust—
159earth—
160cloud—
161fog—
162sky—
163wind—
164snow—
165ice—
166smoke—
167fire—
168ash—
169burn—
170road—
171mountain—
172red—
173green—
174yellow—
175white—
176black—
177night—
178day—
179year—
180warm—
181cold—
182full—
183new—
184old—
185good—
186bad—
187rotten—
188dirty—
189straight—
190round—
191sharp—
192dull—
193smooth—
194wet—
195dry—
196correct—
197near—
198far—
199right—
200left—
201at—
202in—
203with—
204and—
205if—
206because—
207name—


Example textEdit

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