Consonants [ ] Initial [ ]
Sangi
Initial
Before [u]
Before [u]+V
Before [i]/[e]
Before [r]
Before [j]/[i]/[e]+V
Before [a]
Before [o]
[p]
[p]
[pu]
[pu]V
[pi/e]
[b]
[pj/i/e]V
[pa]
[po]
[b]
[b]
[bu]
[bu]V
[bj/i/e]
[br]
[bi/e]V
[ba]
[bo]
[t]
[t]
[tu]
[tu]V
[tsi/e]
[d]
[ts]V
[ta]
[to]
[d]
[d]
[du]
[du]V
[dzi/e]
[d]
[dz]V
[da]
[do]
[c]
[ʃ]
[ʃu]
[ʃu]V
[ʃi/e]
[ʃr]
[ʃj/i/e]V
[ʃa]
[ʃo]
[ɟ]
[ʒ]
[ʒu]
[ʒu]V
[ʒi/e]
[ʒr]
[ʒj/i/e]V
[ʒa]
[ʒo]
[k]
[k]
[ku]
[ku]V
[tʃi/e]
[g]
[tʃ]V
[ka]
[ko]
[g]
[g]
[gu]
[gu]V
[dʒi/e]
[gr]
[dʒ]V
[ga]
[go]
[m̥]
[m]
[mu]
[mu]V
[mi/e]
[mr]
[mj/i/e]V
[wo]
[wa]
[m]
[m]
[mu]
[mu]V
[mi/e]
[mr]
[mj/i/e]V
[mo]
[ma]
[n̥]
[n]
[nu]
[nu]V
[ni/e]
[nr]
[nj/i/e]V
[no]
[na]
[n]
[n]
[nu]
[nu]V
[ni/e]
[nr]
[nj/i/e]V
[no]
[na]
[ɲ̊]
[ɲ]
[ɲu]
[ɲu]V
[ni/e]
[ɲr]
[n]V
[ɲo]
[ɲa]
[ɲ]
[ɲ]
[ɲu]
[ɲu]V
[ni/e]
[ɲr]
[n]V
[ɲo]
[ɲa]
[ŋ̊]
[k]
[ku]
[ku]V
[gi/e]
[kr]
[g]V
[ko]
[ka]
[ŋ]
[ŋ]
[ŋu]
[ŋu]V
[ŋi/e]
[ŋr]
[ŋj/i/e]V
[ŋo]
[ŋa]
[f]
[h]
[hu]
[hu]V
[hi/e]
[hr]
[hj/i/e]V
[ho]
[ha]
[v]
[ɦ]
[ɦu]
[ɦu]V
[ɦi/e]
[ɦr]
[ɦj/i/e]V
[ɦo]
[ɦa]
[θ]
[s]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[sr]
[ʃ]V
[so]
[sa]
[ð]
[z]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[zr]
[ʃ]V
[zo]
[za]
[s]
[s]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[sr]
[ʃ]V
[so]
[sa]
[z]
[z]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[zr]
[ʃ]V
[zo]
[za]
[ʃ]
[ʃ]
[sku]
[sk]V
[ski/e]
[ʃr]
[sk]V
[ʃo]
[ʃa]
[ʒ]
[ʒ]
[sku]
[sk]V
[ski/e]
[ʒr]
[sk]V
[ʒo]
[ʒa]
[tʃ]
[tʃ]
[tʃu]
[tʃu]V
[ki/e]
[tʃr]
[k]V
[tʃo]
[tʃa]
[dʒ]
[dʒ]
[dʒu]
[dʒu]V
[g]
[dʒr]
[g]V
[dʒo]
[dʒa]
[ɕ]
[h]
[hu]
[hu]V
[hi/e]
[hr]
[hj/i/e]V
[ho]
[ha]
[ʑ]
[ɦ]
[ɦu]
[ɦu]V
[ɦi/e]
[ɦr]
[ɦj/i/e]V
[ɦo]
[ɦa]
[ʂ]
[sr]
[sru]
[sru]V
[sri/e]
[sr]
[srj/i/e]V
[sro]
[sra]
[ʐ]
[sr]
[sru]
[sru]V
[sri/e]
[sr]
[srj/i/e]V
[sro]
[sra]
[ç]
[sr]
[sru]
[sru]V
[sri/e]
[sr]
[srj/i/e]V
[sro]
[sra]
[ʝ]
[sr]
[sru]
[sru]V
[sri/e]
[sr]
[srj/i/e]V
[sro]
[sra]
[çc]
[str]
[stru]
[stru]V
[stri/e]
[str]
[strj/i/e]V
[stro]
[stra]
[ʝɟ]
[str]
[stru]
[stru]V
[stri/e]
[str]
[strj/i/e]V
[stro]
[stra]
[x]
[h]
[hu]
[hu]V
[hi/e]
[hr]
[hj/i/e]V
[ho]
[ha]
[ɣ]
[ɦ]
[ɦu]
[ɦu]V
[ɦi/e]
[ɦr]
[ɦj/i/e]V
[ɦo]
[ɦa]
[h]
[Ø]
[Øu]
[Øu]V
[Øi/e]
[Ør]
[Øj/i/e]V
[Øo]
[Øa]
[r̥]
[r]
[ru]
[ru]V
[ri/e]
---
[rj/i/e]V
[ro]
[ra]
[r]
[r]
[ru]
[ru]V
[ri/e]
---
[rj/i/e]V
[ro]
[ra]
[ɽ]
[r]
[ru]
[ru]V
[ri/e]
---
[rj/i/e]V
[ro]
[ra]
[ɬ]
[l]
[lu]
[lu]V
[li/e]
---
[lj/i/e]V
[lo]
[la]
[l]
[l]
[lu]
[lu]V
[li/e]
---
[lj/i/e]V
[lo]
[la]
[ʎ]
[l], [lj]V
[lju]
[lju]V
[ji/e]
---
[j]V
[ljo]
[lja]
[w]
[w]
[u]
[u]V
[wi/e]
---
[wj/i/e]V
[o]
[wa]
[ʋ]
[ʍ]
[ʍu]
[ʍu]V
[ʍi/e]
[ʍr]
[ʍj/i/e]V
[ʍo]
[ʍa]
[hj]
[x]
[xu]
[xu]V
[xi/e]
---
[xi/e]V
[xo]
[xa]
[j]
[j]
[ju]
[ju]V
[i/e]
---
[i/e]V
[jo]
[ja]
[sp]
[sp]
[spu]
[spu]V
[spi/e]
[spr]
[spj/i/e]V
[spo]
[spa]
[st]
[s]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[sr]
[ʃ]V
[so]
[sa]
[sk]
[g]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[gr]
[ʃ]V
[go]
[ga]
[ts]
[s]
[ʃu]
[ʃ]V
[ʃi/e]
[sr]
[ʃ]V
[so]
[sa]
Medial [ ]
Sangi
General
Between 2 Vowels
Before [u]
Before [u]+V
Before [i]/[e]
Before [r]
Before [i]/[e]+V
Before [a]
Before [o]
[p]
[p]
V[p]V
[pu]
[pu]V
[pi/e]
[b]
[pi/e]V
[pa]
[po]
[b]
[b]
V[w]V
[bu]
[bu]V
[bi/e]
[br]
[bi/e]V
[ba]
[bo]
[t]
[t]
V[t]V
[tu]
[tu]V
[tsi/e]
[d]
[ts]V
[ta]
[to]
[d]
[d]
V[d]V
[du]
[du]V
[dzi/e]
[dr], V[rr]V
[dz]V
[da]
[do]
[c]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɟ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[k]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[g]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[m̥]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[m]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[n̥]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[n]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɲ̊]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɲ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ŋ̊]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ŋ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[f]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[v]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[θ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ð]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[s]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[z]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʃ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʒ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[tʃ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[dʒ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɕ](i/e)
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʑ](i/e)
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʂ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʐ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ç]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʝ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[çc]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʝɟ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[x](a/o/_#)
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɣ](a/o/_#)
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[h]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[r̥]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[r]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɽ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ɬ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[l]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʎ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[w]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ʋ]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[hj]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[j]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[sp]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[st]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[sk]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[mp]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[mb]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[nt]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[nd]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ns]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ps]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ts]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ks]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[nk]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[ng]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[kt]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
[pt]
[]
V[]V
[u]
[u]V
[i/e]
[r]
[i/e]V
[a]
[o]
Final [ ]
Sangi
Final
After V
Before final [i]/[e]
Before final [u]
[p]
[b]
[t]
[d]
[c]
[ɟ]
[k]
[g]
[m̥]
[m]
[n̥]
[n]
[ɲ̊]
[ɲ]
[ŋ̊]
[ŋ]
[f]
[v]
[θ]
[ð]
[s]
[z]
[ʃ]
[ʒ]
[tʃ]
[dʒ]
[ɕ](i/e)
[ʑ](i/e)
[ʂ]
[ʐ]
[ç]
[ʝ]
[çc]
[ʝɟ]
[x](a/o/_#)
[ɣ](a/o/_#)
[h]
[r̥]
[r]
[ɽ]
[ɬ]
[l]
[ʎ]
[w]
[ʋ]
[hj]
[j]
[sp]
[st]
[sk]
[mp]
[mb]
[nt]
[nd]
[ns]
[ps]
[ts]
[ks]
[nk]
[ng]
[kt]
[pt]
The process C:>C occurs earlier than the vowel affections, which themselves occur before the vowel changes, i.e. changes occur in the order C:>C, CV>CV, V>V. This means that te>tse can become te>tsa assuming the next syllable has an [a] in it or tia>tsa. This makes the [ts] segment phonemic, as is the same with several other conditioned sound changes.
Vowel changes [ ] Vowel changes occur in this order after the consonant changes
Sangi
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
[i]
[i]
[i]
[i:]
[i:]
[i:]
[y]
[y]
[iu]
[y:]
[y:]
[iu]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e](C)[i(:)]>[i](C)[i(:)_#], [e](C)[a]>[a](C)[a_#]
[e:]
[e:]
[e:]
[e:](C)[i(:)]>[i:](C)[i(:)_#], [e:](C)[a(:)]>[a:](C)[a(:)_#]
[œ]/[œ:]
[œ]
[eu]
[ə]
[ə]
[_(#)], [VC_CV] [e]
[e](C)[i(:)]>[i](C)[i(:)_#], [e](C)[a]>[a](C)[a_#]
[a]
[a]
[a]
[a](C)[e/i_#]>[e](C)[e/i_#]
[a:]
[a:]
[o]
[o](C)[u_#]>[u](C)[u_#]
[u]
[u]
[u]
[u](C)[o/a_#]>[o](C)[o/a_#]
[u:]
[u:]
[u:]
[u:]C[o/a]>[o:]C[o/a]
[ʌ]/[ʌ:]
[ʌ]
[a]
[a]C[e/i]>[e]C{e/i]
[o]
[o]
[a]
[a]C[e/i]>[e]C{e/i]
[o:]
[o:]
[uo]
[au]
[au]
[au]
[ou]
[ou]
[au]
[eu]
[eu]
[eu]
[iu]
[iu]
[eu]
[ai]
[ai]
[ai]
[oi]
[oi]
[ai]
[ei]
[ei]
[ie]
[ui]
[ui]
[iu]
In diphthongs not mentioned above, such as [io], [eo], [ao], etc. if the first vowel is [i] or [e] these become [j]V before stage 1 and affect the consonants which can be affected by [j], such as [t]>[ts] and the the [j] disappears. If the first vowel is [u] or [o] then these become [u]V, if [a] is the first sound then the second one will change, [o] and [u] will become [u], causing a merger between [au] and [ao] before stage 1, and [i] and [e] will merge to [i], forming [ai] before stage one. So:
Sangi
Pre-Stage 1
[ae]
[ai]
[ao]
[au]
[ea]
[ja]
[eo]
[jo]
[ia]
[ja]
[ie]
[je]
[io]
[jo]
[oa]
[ua]
[oe]
[ue]
[ua]
[ua]
[ue]
[ue]
[uo]
[uo]
