Saksies

Overview

Saksies is a Germanic conlang closely related to the modern Germanic languages, Dutch, German, Afrikaans, Luxembourgish and has a lot in common with the English language as well.

Grammar

The Saksies grammar is relatively simple compared with German or Dutch and resembles more the modern English or Afrikaans grammar.

Phonology

Vowels

Monophthongs

a	[a]	man	man
aa, a	[a:]	maan	moon
e	[ε]	feld	field
	[ə]	gelukkeg	lucky
ee, e	[e:]	heet	hot
i	[I~ə]1	licht	light
ie	[i:]	dier	animal
o	[o]	pot	pot
oo, o	[o:]	rood	red
u	[ʊ]	mudder	mother
uu, u	[ʉ:]	huur	rent

¹In many dialects /I/ has merged with /ə/

Diphthongs

y	[əi]	wyn	wine
ou	[əu]	ou	old

Consonants

b	[b]	braat	grill
ch	[χ]	lach	laughter
d	[d]	doof	stupid
f	[f]	fry	free
g	[g]	gans	goose
	[χ]	afhengig	dependant
h	[h]	hous	house
j	[j]	jyst	just, fair
k	[k]	kort	short
l	[l]	lamp	lamp
m	[m]	mark	mark
n	[n]	net	neat
p	[p]	pan	pan
r	[r]	raak	reach
s	[s]	sorg	sorrow
t	[t]	tee	tea
v	[f]	seven	seven
w	[v]	wat	what

Nouns

There are no genders in Saksies. The indefinite article is e /ə/ (emphatic form: een /e:n/ and the defitine article is de /də/ (emphatic form: die /di:/).

Plural is formed by adding the suffix -(e)n /(ə)n/.

e man	de man	mannen	de mannen	man
e maan	de maan	manen	de manen	moon
e frou	de frou	frouen	de frouen	woman	ends in a long vowel
e kopie	de kopie	kopien	de kopien	copy	ends in -ie
e lepel	de lepel	lepeln	de lepeln	spoon	ends in -/ə/C
e bute	de bute	buten	de buten	hill	ends in -/ə/

Adjectives & Adverbs

There is a number of real adverbs, any adjective in indefinite form can be used as an adverb. Adjectives have two forms: indefinite and definite.

e jong man 'a young man'

de jonge man 'the young man'

jonge mannen 'young men'

de jonge mannen 'the young men'

De man is jong. 'The man is young.'

De mannen sy jong. 'The men are young.'

Numbers

Hi,

Excuse me because I asking you for my demand (numbers from your conlang(s)) in this page. I think to send my message on your e-mail. But nowhere I didn't see information about your e-mail. First introduce: My name is Janko. I'm collecting numbers from various systems in different languages. You can found information about my self and my work on:

http://janko.gorenc.googlepages.com/home

http://janko.gorenc.googlepages.com/collectionnumbers

Please you tell me if you'll have numbers from Saksies in future. Could you please send me numbers from 1 to 10 (as in English: 1 –one, 2 – two, 3 – three,…) in Saksies, or from your other conlang(s) on this page or my e-mail address: "j_gorenc@yahoo.com"?

Please you delete my text with your page when you'll have numbers.

Thank you for your help!

I wish you a lot of success at your work!

Janko Gorenc

Pronouns

Personal Pronouns

Person	Subject	Oblique	Indep. Poss.
Sg 1st	Y	my	de myne
Sg 2nd	du	dy	de dyne
Sg 3rd masc	hie	sy	de syne
Sg 3rd neut	it
Sg 3rd fem	sie	haar	de hare
Pl 1st	ons		de onse
Pl 2nd	jy	jou	de joune
Pl 3rd	hun		de hunne

Verbs

Regular verbs have only 2 forms: An unmarked form is used for present tense, imperative mood and, with the particle te, for infinitive. A form with the prefix ge- /gə/ for past participle.

Inifinitive	Present	Past Part.	Translation
te bel	bel	gebel	to ring
te dra	dra	gedra	to drag
te eet	eet	geëet	to eat
te flie	flie	geflie	to fly
te gee	gee	gegee	to give
te jaag	jaag	gejaag	to hunt
te kom	kom	gekom	to come
te sie	sie	gesie	to see
te bekom	bekoom	bekom	to receive
te out/sta	sta out	outgesta	to stand out

Only a few verbs have a preterite form. These verbs are filed under irregular verbs in Saksies.

This is an exhaustive list of the irregular verbs in Saksies:

Infinitive	Present	Preterite	Past Part.	Translation
te denk	denk	doch	gedenk	to think
to dun	dun	dan	gedun	to do
te go	go	gan	gegan	to go
te hef	hef	had	gehad	to have
te kan	kan	kon	gekan	can, could
te maag	maag	moog
may, might
te muut	muut	must
must
te sal	sal	sou	-	gesal
te wees	is**	was	gewees	to be
te wil	wil	wou	gewil	to want

The forms in italics are somewhat archaic. The verb 'wees' is inflected in persons in present tense. The imperative remains 'wees!'.

Y bi	I am
du bi	thou art
it is	it is
ons sy	we are
jy sy	you are
hun sy	they are