Shamalian

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	Stats Nouns 0% Verbs 0% Adjectives 0% Syntax 0% Words of 1500

Name: Shamalian Type: Fusional Alignment: Tripartite Head Direction: First Number of genders: 3 Declensions: Yes Conjugations: Yes Nouns declined according to Case Number Definitiveness Gender Verbs conjugated according to Voice Mood Person Number Tense Aspect

	Gender	Cases	Numbers	Tenses	Persons	Moods	Voices	Aspects
Verb	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Nouns	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Adjectives	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Numbers	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Participles	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Adverb	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Pronouns	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
Adpositions	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Article	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Particle	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No

Setting

Shamalian is the language spoken by the people of the western islands, some of the few remaining large islands on the planet Ezel. It's the second most widely spoken language on the planet after Boranchi, the official language of the United Eastern Islands (UEI).

The people of Ezel are normal humans just like earth's human beings, with the exception of western islands' citizens. A special unknown element in the air surrounding the islands give the ones born there a special ability. Which ability the child will be born with depends on a corresponding factor in his genetic code.

This has led to instability and wars between the two factions. Using their advanced technology the UEI wants to extract the element and genetic code so they can create advanced weaponry. While the simple villagers of the western islands are using their abilities to defend themselves and try to regain peace.

General Information

Shamalian is a fusional language, with a sentence structure of OSV. It uses a triconsonantal root base to form its verbs and many of its nouns and adjectives. But it also has pronouns, prepositions, and indeclinable nouns which aren't derived from such roots. The root d-g-l "do" is used as a template to discuss word formation.

Word order

Shamalian is an OSV language

Postpositional	Indirect Object	Direct Object	Subject	Verb

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labio-Dental	Alveoloar	Post-Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m		n
Plosive	b		t d			k g	ʔ
Affricate				tʃ dʒ
Fricative		f	s z	ʃ			h
Approximant			l		j	w

• the consonants tʃ and dʒ only occur in loanwords

Vowels

	Front	Back
Close	i	u
Close-mid	e	o
Open		ɑ

Diphthongs

Shamalian has four diphthongs, formed by a combination of /ɑ/ or /ɑ:/ with the semivowels /j/ and /w/

Phonotactics

Shamalian's syllable structure: (C)(C)V(:)(C)

This can be further detailed into:

• V(:)(C)

• CV(:)(C)

• m(P)V(:)(C)

• CjV(:)(C)

• CwV(:)(C)

• ClV(:)(C)

• (P)(P)V(:)(C)

• (F)(N)V(:)(C)

Consonant clusters can't contain the glottal consonants /ʔ/ & /h/

Writing System & Romanization

Writing System

Shamalian uses an Abugida and it's written from right to left.

Romanization

A slightly modified version of the Latin alphabet is used for romanization

Consonants

Romanization	IPA	Romanization	IPA
‘	ʔ	f	f
b	b	k	k
t	t	l	l
d	d	m	m
g	g	n	n
z	z	h	h
s	s	w	w
š	ʃ	j	j

Vowels

Romanization		IPA
Short	Long
a	ā	ɑ
i	ī	i
u	ū	u
e	ē	e
o	ō	o

Loanwords & Foreign Names

Shamalian uses some special characters when writing loanwords and foreign names even if the sounds already exist in its phonology. For example, the loanword "bank" is romanized like this "βaňq". Here's a list of all the special characters:

Romanization	IPA	Shamalian Pronunciation
č	tʃ	tʃ
j	dʒ	dʒ
β	b	b
p	p	b
q	k	k
v	v	f
ň	n	n
ž	Θ , ð	t

Basic Grammar

Verbs

Verbs are formed by adding vowels and affixes to the basic tri/tetra-consonantal root. These affixes and structure changes conjugate the verb to person (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), gender (Male, Female, Neuter), number (Singular, Plural), tense (Past, Present, Future), mood (indicative, subjunctive, conditional, imperative), and voice (active, passive).

Triconsonantal root verbs

Stem 1: dgali (example: bšaki - he wrote)

	Past	Present/Cont.	Future	Past (Passive)	Present/Cont. (Passive)	Future (Passive)	Imperative
I	midgal	midegal	midogal	midagal	midagel	midagol
We	nedgalōl	nedegalōl	nedogalōl	nedagalōl	nedagelōl	nedagolōl
You (M/S)	bodgali	bodegali	bodogali	bodagali	bodageli	bodagoli	dogali
You (F/S)	badgala	badegala	badogala	badagala	badagela	badagola	dogala
You (N/S)	bedgalo	bedegalo	bedogalo	bedagalo	bedagelo	bedagolo	dogalo
You (M/P)	bodgalōl	bodegalōl	bodogalōl	bodagalōl	bodagelōl	bodagolōl	doggali
You (F/P)	badgalōl	badegalōl	badogalōl	badagalōl	badagelōl	badagolōl	doggala
You (N/P)	bedgalōl	bedegalōl	bedogalōl	bedagalōl	bedagelōl	bedagolōl	doggalo
He	dgali	hēdegali	hēdogali	dagali	hēdageli	hēdagoli
She	dgala	hādegala	hādogala	dagala	hādagela	hādagola
Neuter	dgalo	hōdegalo	hōdogalo	dagalo	hōdagelo	hōdagolo
They (M)	hēdgalōl	hēdegalōl	hēdogalōl	hēdagalōl	hēdagelōl	hēdagolōl
They (F)	hādgalōl	hādegalōl	hādogalōl	hādagalōl	hādagelōl	hādagolōl
They (N)	hōdgalōl	hōdegalōl	hōdogalōl	hōdagalōl	hōdagelōl	hōdagolōl

Stem 2: zidguli (example: zibšuki - he dictated)

	Past	Present/Cont.	Future	Past (Passive)	Present/Cont. (Passive)	Future (Passive)	Imperative
I	mizidgul	mizidegal	mizidogal	mizidagal	mizidagel	mizidagol
We	nezidgulōl	nezidegalōl	nezidogalōl	nezidagalōl	nezidagelōl	nezidagolōl
You (M/S)	bozidguli	bozidegali	bozidogali	bozidagali	bozidageli	bozidagoli	zidogali
You (F/S)	bazidgula	bazidegala	bazidogala	bazidagala	bazidagela	bazidagola	zidogala
You (N/S)	bezidgulo	bezidegalo	bezidogalo	bezidagalo	bezidagelo	bezidagolo	zidogalo
You (M/P)	bozidgulōl	bozidegalōl	bozidogalōl	bozidagalōl	bozidagelōl	bozidagolōl	zidoggali
You (F/P)	bazidgulōl	bazidegalōl	bazidogalōl	bazidagalōl	bazidagelōl	bazidagolōl	zidoggala
You (N/P)	bezidgulōl	bezidegalōl	bezidogalōl	bezidagalōl	bezidagelōl	bezidagolōl	zidoggalo
He	zidguli	hēzidegali	hēzidogali	zidagali	hēzidageli	hēzidagoli
She	zidgula	hāzidegala	hāzidogala	zidagala	hāzidagela	hāzidagola
Neuter	zidgulo	hōzidegalo	hōzidogalo	zidagalo	hōzidagelo	hōzidagolo
They (M)	hēzidgulōl	hēzidegalōl	hēzidogalōl	hēzidagalōl	hēzidagelōl	hēzidagolōl
They (F)	hāzidgulōl	hāzidegalōl	hāzidogalōl	hāzidagalōl	hāzidagelōl	hāzidagolōl
They (N)	hōzidgulōl	hōzidegalōl	hōzidogalōl	hōzidagalōl	hōzidagelōl	hōzidagolōl

Stem 3: kwadgili (example: kwabšiki - he asked (someone) to write (something))

	Past	Present/Cont.	Future	Past (Passive)	Present/Cont. (Passive)	Future (Passive)	Imperative
I	mikwadgil	mikwadegil	mikwadogil	mikwadagil	mikwadigal	mikwadogil
We	nekwadgilōl	nekwadegilōl	nekwadogilōl	nekwadagilōl	nekwadigalōl	nekwadogilōl
You (M/S)	bokwadgili	bokwadegili	bokwadogili	bokwadagili	bokwadigali	bokwadogili	kwadogili
You (F/S)	bakwadgila	bakwadegila	bakwadogila	bakwadagila	bakwadigala	bakwadogila	kwadogila
You (N/S)	bekwadgilo	bekwadegilo	bekwadogilo	bekwadagilo	bekwadigalo	bekwadogilo	kwadogilo
You (M/P)	bokwadgilōl	bokwadegilōl	bokwadogilōl	bokwadagilōl	bokwadigalōl	bokwadogilōl	kwadoggili
You (F/P)	bakwadgilōl	bakwadegilōl	bakwadogilōl	bakwadagilōl	bakwadigalōl	bakwadogilōl	kwadoggila
You (N/P)	bekwadgilōl	bekwadegilōl	bekwadogilōl	bekwadagilōl	bekwadigalōl	bekwadogilōl	kwadoggilo
He	kwadgili	hēkwadegili	hēkwadogili	kwadagili	hēkwadigali	hēkwadogili
She	kwadgila	hākwadegila	hākwadogila	kwadagila	hākwadigala	hākwadogila
Neuter	kwadgilo	hōkwadegilo	hōkwadogilo	kwadagilo	hōkwadigalo	hōkwadogilo
They (M)	hēkwadgilōl	hēkwadegilōl	hēkwadogilōl	hēkwadagilōl	hēkwadigalōl	hēkwadogilōl
They (F)	hākwadgilōl	hākwadegilōl	hākwadogilōl	hākwadagilōl	hākwadigalōl	hākwadogilōl
They (N)	hōkwadgilōl	hōkwadegilōl	hōkwadogilōl	hōkwadagilōl	hōkwadigalōl	hōkwadogilōl

Tetraconsonantal root verbs

Stem 1: diglili (example: kibnizi - he drove)

	Past	Present/Cont.	Future	Past (Passive)	Present/Cont. (Passive)	Future (Passive)	Imperative
I	midiglil	midiglil	midoglal	midaglal	midaglel	midaglol
We	nediglilōl	nediglilōl	nedoglalōl	nedaglalōl	nedaglelōl	nedaglolōl
You (M/S)	bodiglili	bodiglili	bodoglali	bodaglali	bodagleli	bodagloli	doglali
You (F/S)	badglila	badiglila	badoglala	badaglala	badaglela	badaglola	doglala
You (N/S)	bediglilo	bediglilo	bedoglalo	bedaglalo	bedaglelo	bedaglolo	doglalo
You (M/P)	bodiglilōl	bodiglilōl	bodoglalōl	bodaglalōl	bodaglelōl	bodaglolōl	doggalil
You (F/P)	badiglilōl	badiglilōl	badoglalōl	badaglalōl	badaglelōl	badaglolōl	doggalal
You (N/P)	bediglilōl	bediglilōl	bedoglalōl	bedaglalōl	bedaglelōl	bedaglolōl	doggalol
He	diglili	hēdiglili	hēdoglali	daglali	hēdagleli	hēdagloli
She	diglila	hādiglila	hādoglala	daglala	hādaglela	hādaglola
Neuter	diglilo	hōdiglilo	hōdoglalo	daglalo	hōdaglelo	hōdaglolo
They (M)	hēdiglilōl	hēdiglilōl	hēdoglalōl	hēdaglalōl	hēdaglelōl	hēdaglolōl
They (F)	hādiglilōl	hādiglilōl	hādoglalōl	hādaglalōl	hādaglelōl	hādaglolōl
They (N)	hōdiglilōl	hōdiglilōl	hōdoglalōl	hōdaglalōl	hōdaglelōl	hōdaglolōl

Stem 2: dagdagi (example: kabkabi - he chose)

	Past	Present/Cont.	Future	Past (Passive)	Present/Cont. (Passive)	Future (Passive)	Imperative
I	midagdag	midagdag	midogdag	midagdūg	midagdēg	midagdōg
We	nedagdagōl	nedagdagōl	nedogdagōl	nedagdūgōl	nedagdēgōl	nedagdōgōl
You (M/S)	bodagdagi	bodagdagi	bodogdagi	bodagdūgi	bodagdēgi	bodagdōgi	dogdagi
You (F/S)	badglila	badagdaga	badogdaga	badagdūga	badagdēga	badagdōga	dogdaga
You (N/S)	bedagdago	bedagdago	bedogdago	bedagdūgo	bedagdēgo	bedagdōgo	dogdago
You (M/P)	bodagdagōl	bodagdagōl	bodogdagōl	bodagdūgōl	bodagdēgōl	bodagdōgōl	daggadaggi
You (F/P)	badagdagōl	badagdagōl	badogdagōl	badagdūgōl	badagdēgōl	badagdōgōl	daggadagga
You (N/P)	bedagdagōl	bedagdagōl	bedogdagōl	bedagdūgōl	bedagdēgōl	bedagdōgōl	daggadaggo
He	dagdagi	hēdagdagi	hēdogdagi	dagdūgi	hēdagdēgi	hēdagdōgi
She	dagdaga	hādagdaga	hādogdaga	dagdūga	hādagdēga	hādagdōga
Neuter	dagdago	hōdagdago	hōdogdago	dagdūgo	hōdagdēgo	hōdagdōgo
They (M)	hēdagdagōl	hēdagdagōl	hēdogdagōl	hēdagdūgōl	hēdagdēgōl	hēdagdōgōl
They (F)	hādagdagōl	hādagdagōl	hādogdagōl	hādagdūgōl	hādagdēgōl	hādagdōgōl
They (N)	hōdagdagōl	hōdagdagōl	hōdogdagōl	hōdagdūgōl	hōdagdēgōl	hōdagdōgōl

Participles

Shamalian has two participles active and passive. They're inflected for gender and number only.

Stem	Active Participle	Passive Participle
dgali	dūgal	dugūl
zidguli	hudgul	hudgāl
kwadgili	hukwadgil	hukwadgāl
diglili	hudaglil	hudaglāl
dagdagi	hudagdig	hudagdūg

Infinitive

The infinitive is the male 3rd person singular past form of the verb

Nouns

Genders

Shamalian has three genders (Masculine, Feminine, and Neuter). The Neuter gender is implied, and a special mark is used to show if the noun is otherwise masculine or feminine. Masculine nouns all end with (-b), while feminine nouns end with (-m).

Number

Shamalian nouns are declined according to two number categories (Singular, Plural). Plural nouns all end with (-ōl)