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| Name: T'iksk
Type: Isolating Alignment: Nominative-Accusative Head Direction: Final Number of genders: 0 Declensions: Yes Conjugations: Yes
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General information[]
| Gender | Cases | Numbers | Tenses | Persons | Moods | Voices | Aspects | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verb | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Nouns | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Adjectives | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Numbers | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Participles | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Adverb | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Pronouns | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Adpositions | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Article | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Particle | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| Labial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | p ‹p› | t ‹t› | k ‹k› | q ‹q› | ʔ ‹'› | ||
| Voiced | b ‹b› | d ‹d› | ||||||
| Ejective | p' ‹p'› | t' ‹t'› | k' ‹k'› | q' ‹q'› | ||||
| Nasal | m ‹m› | n ‹n› | ||||||
| Fricative | Voiceless | f ‹f› | s ‹s› | ʃ ‹sh› | x ‹x› | h ‹h› | ||
| Voiced | v ‹v› | z ‹z› | ʒ ‹zh› | |||||
| Affricates | Voiceless | ts ‹ts› | tʃ ‹ch› | ks ‹ks› | ||||
| Voiced | dz ‹dz› | dʒ ‹j› | ||||||
| Ejective | ts' ‹ts'› | tʃ' ‹ch'› | ks' ‹ks'› | |||||
| Rhotic | r ‹r› |
Length of all consonants apart from plosives and affricates is phonemic.
Vowels[]
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i | o |
| Low | a |
Vowel length and height, represented using the acute accent ‹´›, are phonemic.
Phonotactics[]
Ejectives and coronal fricatives (all except /x/ and /h/), and /r/, may be syllabic. All syllables must have a consonant onset. Consonant clusters are common: there are few to no restrictions across syllable boundaries, and within a single onset or coda any combination of one coronal and one dorsal consonant may exist. A nasal in a cluster must be closest to the nucleus.
Grammar[]
Syntax[]
T'iksk is a near-perfect representation of a head-final language.
Morphology[]
The only inflection upon nouns is the plural suffix -ists, or -rists if the root ends in a vowel, ejective, or coronal fricative.
Verbs are inflected for the following tense, aspect, and voice:
- Past: -st
- Progressive: -zn
- Passive: k'-
The clitic li'- also exists for the future tense, derived from the particle líx which precedes the verb.
Lexicon[]
Articles[]
Case is inflected upon the article, which may be definite or indefinite; or upon a possessive pronoun. Cases are nominative and accusative (non-nominative).
| Nominative | Accusative | |
|---|---|---|
| Definite | t'in | din |
| Indefinite | is | iz |
| 1 | ch'ip | jib |
| 2 | k'it | kid |
| 3 | p'at | bad |