Conlang

Overview[]

Gender Cases Numbers Tenses Persons Moods Voices Aspects
Verb No No No Yes No Yes No No
Nouns No No Yes No No No No No
Adjectives No No No No No No No No
Numbers No No Yes No No No No No
Participles No No No Yes No No No No
Adverb No No No No No No No No
Pronouns No Yes Yes No Yes No No No
Adpositions No No No No No No No No
Article No No No No No No No No
Particle No No No No No No No No


Name: Talger

Type: Agglutinative

Alignment: Pronouns are NomAcc

Head Direction: Initial

Number of genders: None

Declensions: Yes

Conjugations: Yes

Nouns declined
according to
Case Number
Definitiveness Gender
Verbs conjugated
according to
Voice Mood
Person Number
Tense Aspect

Phonetics[]

Consonants[]

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Post-alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop p b t d k g
Fricative β f v s z ʃ Ʒ ç ʝ
Affricate ʦ ʧ
Approximant ɹ j
Trill r
Flap or tap
Lateral App. l
Lateral Fric.

Vowels[]

Front Near-front Central Back
Close i u
Near-close ɪ
Mid e ə o
Near-open æ
Open a

Diphthongs[]

oɪ

Writing System[]

Alphabet[]

Letter Sound
Y y /ɪ/
A a /a/
Ai ai /ai/
Ae ae /æ/
B b /b/
C c /ʦ/
Ć ć /ʧ/
D d /d/
E e /e/
F f /f/
W w /β/
G g /g/
Ź ź /Ʒ/
X x /ç/
I i /i/
J j /j/
Jj jj /ʝ/
K k /k/
L l /l/
M m /m/
N n /n/
Ñ ñ /ɲ/
Ń ń /ŋ/
O o /o/
Oi oi /oi/
P p /p/
R r /r/
Ŕ ŕ /ɹ/
S s /s/
Ś ś /ʃ/
T t /t/
U u /u/
V v /v/

` (single backquote)

/ə/
Z z /z/

Stress[]

Stress goes on the second to last syllable unless otherwise specified with an acute accent on a vowel.  Acute accents on consonants only change their sound.


Pronouns / Inter-nomines[]

Personal Pronouns[]

Person Number
E First Singular
Em First Dual
En First Plural
Ve Second Singular
Ven Second Plural
Se Third Singular
Sen Third Plural

Object Pronouns[]

Object pronouns are placed after the conjugated verb.  This only applies to pronouns.  Indirect objects can only be expressed in prepositional phrases.

Pronoun English Equiv. Talger Personal Equiv.
Ex Me E
Mex You and Me Em
Nex Us En
Vec You (obj) Ve
Sec Them (S/P) Se / Sen


Interrogatives[]

Interrogatory sentences, i.e. "When did you go shopping yesterday?" begin with an inquiry word and end with a question mark.  The subject is placed before the verb as usual.

True/False questions, i.e. "Did you go shopping yesterday?" are formed by placing the subject after the verb and adding a question mark '?'

Confirmation questions, i.e. "You went shopping yesterday?" are formed as declarative statements are, with a subject at the beginning of the sentence.  These types are preceeded by inverted question mark '¿' and followed by a standard question mark '?'

Inquiry Words:[]

Talger     English
Kaelai What (From a Set)
Kai What (Open-Ended)
Kero How
Kente Who
Kanto When
Kondo Where
Korto Why
Kyntai Whose

Adjectives / Meta-nomines[]

Articles[]

Definite ---- Lai

Indefinite -- Ai


Posessives for personal pronouns[]

Adjectival Nominal
First Person Mai Maińe
First Person Plural Nai Naińe
Second Person S/P Vai Vaińe
Third person S/P Sai Saińe

Verbs / Verbes[]

Conjugation[]

Conjugate According To:

  • Tense:  Past, Present, Future, Conditional
  • Mood:  Indicative, Imperitive, Subjunctive

Conjugation Table[]

Drop -eŕ and add endings below (Stress then goes the the penultimate syllable, unless otherwise specified):

Past Present Future conditional
Indicative a e a ú
Imperitive `z

Aspects[]

The aspects in Talger are as follows:

  • Simple
  • Progressive     Siteŕ  +  [Present Participle]
  • Perfect            Kiseŕ  +  [Past Participle]

Negation[]

'Ne' is used to negate nearly any part of speech.  Negations preceed aspect particles.

Subjunctives[]

The subjunctive clauses are formed as follows

[Main Clause] + Ki + [Infinitive]

Adverbs / Meta-verbes[]

Adverbs in Talger end in -o.  Always.  Do not pass go, do not collect $200.  

Formation[]

Unless completely impossible, adverbs are formed by dropping -ai and adding -o to their respective adjective.  Adverbs are placed before the verb, unless it's weird to do so.

Other adverbs are simply used to modify adjectives or other adverbs.  These end in -oi but are formed the same way

Prepositions / Meta-pozicones[]

Very simple.  They end in -eź.  They work exactly how you might expect.

Numbers / Númeres[]

When numbers function as nouns, they end in -e.  When adjectives, they end in -ai.

Number English
One 1
Dakse 2
Tre 3
Kre 4
Ske 5
Sese 6
Sete 7
Vite 8
Nefe 9
Dise 10
Onete 11

Dote

12
Tŕete 13
[number]-tene 1[number]
[number]-dinte [number]0
Sente 100
[number]-Sente [number]00
Mile 1,000
[number]-mile [number]000
Milone 1,000,000


Nouns / Nómines[]

Nouns end in -e and are pluralized by adding -n.


Nouns can have the following affixes added which RETAIN THE DASH

Affix Meaning
Meta- Regarding, Modifying, Indicating
Inter- Between, In place of
Peza- Piece of
Mesa- Very
Ne- Negated
Infa- Less of
Loka- Place where ____ congregates

Vocabulary[]


No. English indome
1IE
2you (singular)Ve
3heSe
4weNe
5you (plural)Ven
6theySen
7thisDize
8thatDase
9hereAko
10thereMesako
11whoKente
12whatKai
13whereKondo
14whenKanto
15how
16notNe
17allTose
18manyMese
19someAlese
20fewMinese
21otherOrai
22oneOne
23twoDokse
24threeTre
25fourKatre
26five
27bigKrantai
28longLargai
29wideDepai
30thickGertai
31heavyMazai
32smallNekrantai
33shortNelargai
34narrowNedepai
35thinNegertai
36womanJome
37man (adult male)Jome
38man (human being)Jome
39childInfajome
40wifeSpoze
41husbandSpoze
42motherPatre
43fatherPatre
44animalNeJome
45fishPeze
46birdBarde
47dogśire
48lousePije
49snakeSeŕpente
50wormVerme
51treeArbore
52forestArboretome
53stickPezavude
54fruitFrute
55seed
56leaf
57root
58bark
59flower
60grass
61rope
62skin
63meat
64blood
65bone
66fat
67egg
68horn
69tail
70feather
71hair
72head
73ear
74eye
75nose
76mouth
77tooth
78tongue
79fingernail
80foot
81leg
82knee
83hand
84wing
85belly
86guts
87neck
88back
89breast
90heart
91liver
92drink
93eat
94bite
95suck
96spit
97vomit
98blow
99breathe
100laugh
101see
102hear
103know
104think
105smell
106fear
107sleep
108live
109die
110kill
111fight
112hunt
113hit
114cut
115split
116stab
117scratch
118dig
119swim
120fly
121walk
122come
123lie
124sit
125stand
126turn
127fall
128give
129hold
130squeeze
131rub
132wash
133wipe
134pull
135push
136throw
137tie
138sew
139count
140say
141sing
142play
143float
144flow
145freeze
146swell
147sun
148moon
149star
150water
151rain
152river
153lake
154sea
155salt
156stone
157sand
158dust
159earth
160cloud
161fog
162sky
163wind
164snow
165ice
166smoke
167fire
168ash
169burn
170road
171mountain
172red
173green
174yellow
175white
176black
177night
178day
179year
180warm
181cold
182full
183new
184old
185good
186bad
187rotten
188dirty
189straight
190round
191sharp
192dull
193smooth
194wet
195dry
196correct
197near
198far
199right
200left
201at
202in
203with
204and
205if
206because
207name