| Thophmerang ῾δѫψμrαŋγыŋϙvρηξxыŋϙȝrαρμſcσoт | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Alignment | Tripartite | ||
| Head direction | Initial | ||
| Tonal | No | ||
| Declensions | No | ||
| Conjugations | Yes | ||
| Genders | No | ||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
| Meta-information | |||
| Creator | MinersHavenM43 | ||
Thophmerangian /ðɒfməɹɑŋgɪən/ (endonym: ῾δѫψμrαŋγыvρηξxыŋϙcrαρμſcσoтxыкsαŋψφя [ð̠ɒpʰɱ̊r̥ɑŋɣɨvɾɛkʰxɨŋɢːɟrɑɾ̥ɱ̊sːcs̪otːxɨkːsɑŋ̊pʰɸa]) is a jokelang created by MinersHavenM43 created to have most of the Latin-like European letters, and several archaic characters.
Phonology[]
Thophmerang has a CCCCCVCCCC syllable structure, and clusters (even intersyllabic) need to have the same voicing.
| Bilabial | Labiod. | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retro. | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m <m>
m̥ <м> |
ɱ <μ> | n <n>
n̥ <н> |
ɲ <њ> | ŋ <ŋ> | |||||
| Plosive | p <p> pː <п>
pʰ <ψ> b <b> bː <б> |
t <t> tː <т>
d <d> dː <д> |
c <c>
ɟ <ȝ> |
k <k> kː <к>
kʰ <ξ> g <g> gː <г> |
q <q> qː <ϙ> | |||||
| Sib. fricative | s̪ <σ>
z̪ <ζ> |
s <s> sː <ſ>
z <z> zː <ß> |
ʃ <ш> ʃː <ч>
ʒ <ж> ʒː <џ> |
ʂ <ц>
ʐ <з> |
ɕ <щ> ɕː <ћ>
ʑ <ђ> |
|||||
| Fricative | ɸ <φ> ɸː <ф>
β <β> βː <в> |
f <f>
v <v> |
θ <þ>
ð <ð> |
θ̠ <θ>
ð̠ <δ> |
ç <ъ>
ʝ <ь> |
x <x>
ɣ <γ> |
χ <χ> | h <h> | ||
| Approximant | j <j> ɥ <ƿ> | ɰ <ϝ> w <w> | ||||||||
| Trill | r <r> | |||||||||
| Tap | ɾ <ρ> | |||||||||
| Lat. fricative | ɬ <л> | ʎ̥ <љ> | ||||||||
| Lat. approximant | l <l> | ʎ <λ> |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i <i> y <y> | ɨ <ы> ʉ <ю> | u <u> |
| Close-Mid | i̞ <и> | ɪ <ι> ʏ <υ> | |
| Mid-Close | e <e> ø <э> | o <o> | |
| Mid | e̞ <ε> ø̞ <ѧ> | ə <ə> | |
| Open-Mid | ɛ <η> œ <є> | ɔ <ω> | |
| Open | a <я> | ä <a> | ɑ <α> ɒ <ѫ> |
Grammar[]
Nouns[]
The word order is OSV, and is postpositional and head-initial. Thophmerang has ten cases: ergative, accusative, intransitive, dative, genitive, instrumental, essive, inessive, lative and the ablative case.
| ERG | ACC | INTR | DAT | GEN | INS | ESS | INE | LAT | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sing. | Ø | kэr- | qμэρ- | ξzεг- | γы- | кѫφ- | ȝэт- | ψзə- | ρəeσ- |
| pauc. | ρeθ- | kэr-ŋϙ- | qμэρ-ŋϙ- | ξzεг-ŋϙ- | γы-ŋϙ- | кѫφ-ŋϙ- | ȝэт-ŋϙ- | ψзə-ŋϙ- | ρəeσ-ŋϙ- |
| plur. | ϙoη- | kэr-гa- | qμэρ-гa- | ξzεг-гa- | γы-гa- | кѫφ-кa- | ȝэт-кa- | ψзə-гa- | ρəeσ-кa- |
Verbs[]
| Past | Near past | Present | Near future | Future | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imperf. | perf. | imperf. | perf. | imperf. | perf. | imperf. | perf. | imperf. | perf. | |
| sing. | ρэψ-tэð- | ρэψ-sєϙ- | ŋεм-tэð- | ŋεм-sєϙ- | тμρы-tэð- | тμρы-zєϙ- | цoχϙ-tэð- | цoχϙ-sєϙ- | биorм-tэð- | биorм-sєϙ- |
| pauc. | ρэψ-tэð-ßi- | ρэψ-sєϙ-ſi- | ŋεм-tэð-ßi- | ŋεм-sєϙ-ſi- | тμρы-tэð-ßi- | тμρы-zєϙ-ſi- | цoχϙ-tэð-ßi- | цoχϙ-sєϙ-ſi- | биorм-tэð-ßi- | биorм-sєϙ-ſi- |
| plur. | ρэψ-tэð-эц- | ρэψ-sєϙ-эц- | ŋεм-tэð-эц- | ŋεм-sєϙ-эц- | тμρы-tэð-эц- | тμρы-zєϙ-эц- | цoχϙ-tэð-эц- | цoχϙ-sєϙ-эц- | биorм-tэð-эц- | биorм-sєϙ-эц- |
Lexicon[]
Lexicon
Example text[]
tцuρξιeμv
[tʂuɾ̥kʰɪe̯ɱv
ABL-tree
ρəeσŋϙθѫϙρəβ
ɾəe̯s̪ŋ̊qːθ̠ɒqːɾ̥əβ
LAT-PAU-AG-fly
ρəeσŋϙkaz
ɾəe̯s̪ŋ̊qːkäz
LAT-two
ψρer
pʰɾ̥er
1sg.ERG
ŋεмsєϙћњoμξ
ŋe̞m̥sœqːɕːɲ̊oɱgʱ]
IMM.PST-PERF-walk
I walked from the tree to the two birds.