Vernacular Aka language

Name: Pasa aka Type: Agglutinative Alignment: Head Direction: Number of genders: 1 Declensions: No Conjugations: Yes Nouns declined according to Case Number Definitiveness Gender Verbs conjugated according to Voice Mood Person Number Tense Aspect

Aka language is a language spoken by the aboriginal population of the center of Pela language of the Archipelago of Mu.

Phonology

Aka uses 21 phonetic consonants and only 3 vowels.

Consonants

Table of consonant phonemes of Aka

	Labial		Dental/ Alveolar		Post- alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Glottal
Nasal	[m] (m)		[n] (n)						[ŋ] (ng)
Plosive	[p] (p)	[b] (b)	[t] (t)	[d] (d)					[k] (k)	[g] (g)	[ʔ] (y)
Fricative			[s], [z] (s, z)		[ʃ] (x)						[h] (h)
Affricate					[tʃ] (c)	[dʒ] (j)
Tap			[ɾ] (r)
Approximant									[v] (v, w)

Vowels and diphthongs

vowels are a, i, y, e, o. They can be long vowels. If so, an acute accent is put over the concerned vowel

Syllabic stress

Syllabic stress is put at the penultimate syllable of the root. When affixes is combined with roots, tonic accent (an acute accent) is put in the vowel which is accentuated.

Grammar

Declensions

Noun's declensions

Case	Affix
Genitive	— ca
Accusative	— á
Dative	— wa
Benefactive	— wá
Ablative	— 'u
Equative	cy —

Remarks :

• All noun inflections are regular
• There are not plural inflections.
• There are not articles which defines or undefines nouns.
• Accentuation must be marked if and only if ambiguity is possible.

Adjective's declensions

Case	Affix
Genitive	— ji
Accusative	— zá
Dative	— zó
Benefactive	— zól
Ablative	— zúx
Equative	ju —

Remarks :

• Adjective roots declines like nouns
• There are not plural inflections.
• There are not articles which defines or undefines nouns.
• Accentuation must be marked if and only if ambiguity is possible.

declensions of nouns from adjective roots

Case	Affix
Genitive	— yx
Accusative	— yc
Dative	— yf
Benefactive	— pyl
Ablative	— yxu
Equative	cú —

Remarks :

• There are not plural inflections.
• There are not articles which defines or undefines nouns.
• Accentuation must be marked if and only if ambiguity is possible.

Nouns

Aka uses bisyllabic roots to form nouns. They declines according to declensions tables indicated at the section "declensions".

They are three types of roots : adverb, adjective and noun.

The transition from a type to another one is realized by affixes.

Pronoun

Pronouns are bisyllabic and doesn't have any declension.

Affix transition is not marked.

Personal pronouns

Subject	Root	Meaning
v —	vex	1st person sing.
m —	mex	2nd person sing.
i —	iex	3rd person sing.
vaz —	vax	1st person plur.
ci —	cyn	2nd person plur.
ji —	jen	3rd person plur.

Notae :

• Subject personal pronouns are prefixes and must be put with the verb and cannot be separated from it.
• Pronouns does not have declensions, and can not take accusative marks for this reason.

Qualificative adjectives

Affix transitions

Adjectives formed from noun roots must be marked with the prefix — ý

Adjectives formed from adverb roots must be marked with the prefix — ió

Adverbs

Adverbs formed from nouns and adjectives must be marked with the affix — ú.

Verbs

Verbs declines according to tense and according to persons ; There is only participle as mood ; it for this reason that :

• Conditional is expressed by the future tense
• Imperative is expressed by the present with the particle vu after infinitive mark
• Subjunctive can be expressed by the present or past tense.

Tense	Tense Marks	Present/ Infinitive	Participle
Present	— a*	— ax	— ań
Past	— i*	— ix	— iń
Future	— u*	— ux	— uń