By all means, please contribute to the language's culture and/or history.
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| Wexelgwe What | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Type | |||
| Fusional/Agglutinative | |||
| Alignment | |||
| Nominative-Accusative | |||
| Head direction | |||
| Initial | |||
| Tonal | |||
| No | |||
| Declensions | |||
| Yes | |||
| Conjugations | |||
| Yes | |||
| Genders | |||
| No | |||
| Nouns decline according to... | |||
| Case | Number | ||
| Definiteness | Gender | ||
| Verbs conjugate according to... | |||
| Voice | Mood | ||
| Person | Number | ||
| Tense | Aspect | ||
General information[]
This conlang is for the August Challenge, not really for anything else...lol
Just to clarify: because this language does not have any "normal" or bilabial sounds (/p/ /b/ /m/ /t/ /d/), it is an alien language from the planet Kepler 186-f which is the only other planet that might be able to support life. So, none of the basic sounds that most languages have.
Phonology[]
Consonants[]
| Labio-dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Epiglottal | Uvular | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | n | |||||
| Plosive | k g | q | ||||
| Fricative | v | ç ʝ | x | ʜ | ||
| Approximant | ɹ | j | ||||
| Lateral app. | l |
Vowels[]
| Front | Near-front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | ||
| Near-close | ʏ | |||
| Close-mid | e | o | ||
| Mid | ə | |||
| Open-mid | ɛ | |||
| Open | a |
Alphabet[]
| Letter | Pronunciation |
|---|---|
| Aa | /a/ |
| Xx | /x/ |
| Rr | /ɹ/ |
| Ee | /ɛ/ /e/ /ə/ |
| Ww | /v/ |
| /ʜ/ /q/ | |
| Ii | /i/ |
| Nn | /n/ /ŋ/ |
| Gg | /g/ /ʜ/ /ŋ/ |
| Oo | /o/ |
| Uu | /u/ |
| Ll | /l/ |
| Kk | /k/ /ʜ/ /ç/ |
| Jj | /ʝ/ |
| Yy | /j/ /i/ /ʏ/ |
Phonotactics[]
The following are the syllable structures (v being vowel, c being consonant):
ccvcc, cvc, cv, vc, vcc, ccv, vvc, & cvv
The basic syllable structure is as follows: (C)(V)(C)V(C)(V)(C), the parentheses making the "c" or "v" optional.
All combinations that can be made with the consonants are permissable; including, but not limited to:
xr, rx, kl, lk, xw, xq, xxx, qgw, ngkq, xxxx, etc. The list goes on. However, most of these consonant clusters (ie xxx, xxxx, xq, kq, gk, qg, gx, gkq) make the /ʜ/ sound.
Vowel clusters include, but are not limited to:
aa, oi, ei, io, ie, etc. Although there are not as many vowel clusters in the vocabulary of Wexelgwe, it is something to still bear in mind.
Grammar[]
Nouns/Pronouns[]
Nouns (and pronouns), as stated above in the fanciful chart, are declined according to case and number. To decline nouns/pronouns according to case, you would add the following suffixes (w/o taking away) to that specific noun (or pronoun):
| Suffix | Case | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| -eqk | Subjective | subject of a verb |
| -igk | Genitive | shows ownership of noun |
| -ulg | Possessive | (pro)noun that is the owner |
| -uln | Objective | (in)direct object of a verb |
| -owr | Vocative | speaking directly to a subject |
Verbs[]
To conjugate verbs, all you have to do is change the last two letters, according to person:
| Singular | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | ne (I) | ______yk |
| 2nd Person | rwinl (you, singular) | ______uk |
| 3rd Person | alr, rux, wa (he, she, it) | ______ek |
| Imperative | (command) | ______ (take away suffix) |
| Plural | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | be (we) | ______yl |
| 2nd Person | qwinle (you, plural) | ______ul |
| 3rd Person | yjoxl (they), xa (you, formal) | ______el |
| Imperative | (command) | ______ (take away suffix) |
Syntax[]
Word order: VSO, although it keeps the same grammar as Modern English, with only the personal conjugations.
In Wexelgwe, it is alright to have preposition stranding occur, because the grammar of this language is very lenient (and the grammar nazis of Wexelgwe will not come and kill you).
The
Adjectives[]
The adjectives, as in Spanish, come after the noun they are modifying. Simple enough.
Definite/Indefinite Articles[]
There is only one of each of these, because there is no gender:
| Indefinite | Definite |
|---|---|
|
ru |
qow |
Tense Verbs, as stated above, also conjugate according to tense. To add tense, you must add an infix to the middle, in any spot (preferably between syllables), of the verb. So, if I wanted to conjugate "I run" to "I will run" or "I ran" then, the verb "wnyorlraxrewaw" (to run) will be conjugated according to 1st person, singular, and then to tense, in this case the verb will have the ending "-yk" and will have the correct infix, following these guidelines:
| Past | Present | Future |
|---|---|---|
| "-waq-" | "--" | "-ryl-" |
| I ran | I run | I will run |
|---|---|---|
| Wnyorlraxwaqrewyk ne | Wnyorlraxrewyk ne | Wrylnyorlraxrewyk ne |
Singular/Dual/Trial/Paucal/Plural[]
To denote something as more than one, you will "agglutinate" the corresponding prefix to the noun:
| Singular | Dual | Trial | Paucal | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -- | rqewn- | rqewe- | rqejeq- | wyx- |
There is no prefix for the singular form of a noun (or gerund/supine form verbs)
Simple enough; you don't even have to worry about conjugating the verb to correspond with the amount of the noun there is; rather, you conjugate it as stated above (person & tense).
Gerund[]
To make a verb in gerund form (adding -ing in english), you add a prefix: "qie-". For instance, if you already had a verb in gerund form, you would make the prefix "qie-" into an infix, and add the "wyx-" prefix before the gerund form (now infix). This is one of the main reasons this language is agglutinative.
For example:
Wnyorlraxrewaw would become: qiewnyorlraxrewaw if it meant "running". Then, to make it plural you would make it: wyxqiewnyorlraxrewaw. To put it in a sentence, let's say "I am running," you would take out the "am" and make it "running I" then translate it to be: "Qiewnyorlraxrewyk ne."
Vocabulary[]
Pronouns[]
ne-I
rwinl-you
alr-he
wux-she
wa-it
be-we
qwinle-you (plural)
yjoxl-they
xa-you (formal)
na-me
naw/nwaj-my/mine
rawinl/rawinje-your/yours
alra-him
wuxa-her
alrwa-his
wuxwa-hers
wwa-its
beja-us
bejwa-our/ours
yjoxla-them
yjoxlwa-their/theirs
rwunu-who
rwunuw-whom
rwunwa-whose
wwane-this
wwanew-that
wwanewa-these
wwanewan-those
rinxol-which
rinxolewa-whichever
rinqgalkl-whoever
rinwarworl-whomever
quxar-all
quxel-any
xanku-other
xurxkorrawrekewn-everyone
nanxqanirxanku-one another (as whole)
Verbs[]
xranxxxaqgweiaw-to be born
nkekrriqwewxaw-to endow/be endowed
xraqnaw-to act
qrawqxaaw-to be
gnorxxixrinwegwaw-to entitle/be entitled
gixreraw-to set/be set
kurxqyxxxxurnxegaw-to govern/be governed
exwxwerxorxaw-to make/be made
wweqkqxirnarxaw-to belong (to belong to)
xlenwiwqaw-to be independant
Modal Verbs
kaxxxaxrriqxwoxx-should
axxnaqxxwanxnex-shall
Nouns
aqxnexrxarekwewr-article
rxixqnex-human being
lqeri-dignity
rranworw-right (in law)
kayrnaqwir-reason
ix-spirit (pep)
oxxxexrgwuxr-brotherhood (non-family)
enqnaqeq-freedom
rywekqxrernear-declaration (in law)
uurrerqxyrx-distinction
qnawnxex-kind (group)
yrxxa-race (ethnicity)
waexexy-color
gqiqxlqiqw-sex (gender)
alxe-religion
qo-standpoint (political)
wragrroa-language
wax-opinion
xyxxxaxw-origin
xqanrxa-property
xranxxxaqg-birth
xxaxn-status (political)
ugxaxi-basis
wenrwewlnqaxx-country
xorewnxawxwxawr-territory
raxrroxwqa-person (human)
qaxxo-trust (idea)
aqxax-self (personal)
nerxaqr-limitation
lxaxxxwaxw-sovereignty (political)
Adjectives[]
alr-free
lxirxrwewr-equal
xrerwrorexkuxr-political
regxixrxewr-jurisdictional
ewrraw-national
lrewrraw-international
xlenwiwq-independent
nxuxxrreqxxlurx-social
Adverb(s)
wirexw-forth
yirqqarwxqaxq-furthermore
Predeterminers
gxoxr-such
Prepositions
wa-to
rux-in
rurraw-with
erkarurraw-without
xaw-of
qurwixrqeqx-as
rwinl-on
wixqawweraxgir-towards
Conjunctions[]
rinxol-and
rinxon-but
rinkow-or
ringkqle-whether
Yes, No, Maybe[]
erqar-yes (positive)
erkar-no (negative)
eryar-maybe (unsure)
Prefixes/Suffixes/Infixes[]
erqe-: positive (ie am-, en-, re-)
erka-: negative (ie non-, un-, a-)
wyx-: makes nouns in plural form
qie-: makes verbs in gerund form
-eqk: subjective case
-igk: genitive case
-ulg: possessive case
-uln: objective case
-owr: vocative case
-yk: 1st person singular
-uk: 2nd person singular
-ek: 3rd person singular
-yl: 1st person plural
-ul: 2nd person plural
-el: 3rd person plural/2nd person formal
-ywl-: self (as in "non-self-governing")
-waq-: past
-ryl-: future
Numbers[]
rwerxlawa-0
rqewn-1
rqewne-2
rqewnew-3
rqewneq-4
rqewnwa-5
rqewnwja-6
rqewnwjane-7
rqewnqela-8
rqewnlaweq-9
reqwenlenaq-10
Example text[]
I'll have this up in a little bit, and it will be the two articles. For right now, it shall have the (hopefully) correct word order, yet still in English, just to be helpful in the long run (for me, of course).
1 Article.
Born all human beings free and equal in dignity and rights. Endowed with reason and should act they towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
2 Article.
Entitled everyone to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, distinction of any kind without, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political, or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, distinction shall not-made-be on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory person belongs to which, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or any other limitation of sovereignty other.
Final Translated Text
Rqewn Aqxnexrxarekwewr
Xranxxxaqgweiel quxar wyxrxixqnexeqk alr rinxol lxirxrwewr rux lqeriuln rinxol wyxrranworwuln. Nkekwaqrriqwewxel rurraw kayrnaqwiruln rinxol kaxxxaxrriqxwoxx xraqnel yjoxleqk wixqawweraxgir nanxawlaqxqnirxuln rux ru ixuln xaw oxxxexrgwuxr.
Rqewne Aqxnexrxarekwewr
Gnorxxwaqixrinwegwel xurxkorrawrekewn wa quxar qow wyxrranworwuln rinxol wyxenqnaqeq gixrerek wirexw rux wwane rywekqxrernearuln, uurrerqxyrx xaw quxel qnawnxex erkarurraw, gxoxr qurwixrqeqx yrxxa, waexexy, gqiqxlqiqw, wragrroa, alxe, xrerwrorexkuxr rinkow xanku wax, ewrraw rinkow nxuxxrreqxxlurx xyxxxaxw, xqanrxa, xranxxxaqg rinkow xanku xxaxn. Yirqqarwxqaxq, uurrerqxyrx axxnaqxxwanxnex erkaexwxwerwaqxorxaw rwinl qow ugxaxiuln xaw qow xrerwrorexkuxr, regxixrxewr rinkow lrewrraw xxaxnuln xaw qow wenrwewlnqaxxeqkulg rinkow xorewnxawxwxawrulg raxrroxwqaigk wweqkqxirnarxek wa rinxol, ringkqle wa xlenwiwqek, qaxxo, erkakurxqyxxywlxxurnxegek rinkow quxel xanku nerxaqruln xaw lxaxxxwaxw xanku.