Wigopik

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Wigopik Wigopik /wi.go.pik/
Type
Alignment
Head direction
Declensions	No
Conjugations	No
Genders	Yes
Nouns decline according to...
Case	Number
Definiteness	Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice	Mood
Person	Number
Tense	Aspect
Progression Total Progress 0% Words 2 of 1500 Nouns 0% Verbs 0% Adjectives 0% Syntax 0%

Wigotik is an unnatural engelang

Phonology 1

Consonants

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m	n
Plosive	p b	t d		k g
Fricative	f v	s			h
Lateral Fricative		ɬ ɮ
Approximant		l	j
Trill		ɾ

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e		o
Low		a

Phonology2

Consonants

		Bilabial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal		m	n			ɴ
Plosive	Normal	p b	t d	c ɟ	k g	q ɢ
	Prenasalised		tʼ	cʼ	kʼ	qʼ
Affricative	Normal		t͡s d͡z
	Prenasalised		t͡sʼ
Fricative	Normal	f v	s z			ʁ	ʔ hʷ
	Lateral		ɬ ɮ
Approximate			l	j		ʟ	ʟʷ
Tap			ɾ

	Front	Central	Back
High	i iː	ɨ ɨː	u uː
Mid	e eː
Low		a a

Phonotactics

Non-pharyngeal non-palatal consonants other than uvular consonants [m k s ...] become front [mʲ c sʲ ...] after a palatal consonant. [ʟʷ] become [ʎ]. Non-pharyngeal consonants other than uvular consonants or [c cʼ ɟ ç ʝ], i.e. [m tʲʼ d͡zʲ ...], assimilate in palatalisation to a following consonant. Before a front consonant, [ʟʷ] become [ʎ]. Unrounded central vowels [ɨ ɨː a aː] persistently become front [i iː æ æː] before a front consonant. Non-nasal consonants [p kʼ z ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following consonant other than an approximant lateral. Before a voiced obstruent or nasal, ejective consonants become non-ejective; [ʔʲ] become [ʎ]. Nasals [m mʲ nʲ ...] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal. Unrounded central vowels [ɨ ɨː a aː] become front [i iː æ æː] after a front consonant. Non-sibilant coronal alveolar stops [t d tʲʼ ...] become affricate sibilants [t͡s d͡z t͡sʲʼ ...] before a non-nasal alveolar fricative. Before a bilabial stop or nasal, unrounded high vowels become back rounded; [e eː] become [o oː]; [i iː] become [u uː]. Obstruents [p cʼ t͡sʲʼ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal consonant other than an approximant. Before a voiced obstruent, ejective stops become non-ejective. Voiceless stops [p tʲʼ q ...] assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than an approximant. Voiceless stops [p tʲ q ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than an approximant lateral. Non-nasal consonants [p g ʝ ...] assimilate in voice to a preceding consonant other than an approximant lateral. After a voiced obstruent or nasal, ejective consonants become non-ejective; [ʔʲ] become [ʎ]. Non-ejective voiceless stops [p tʲ q ...] persistently become ejective [pʼ tʲʼ qʼ ...] before a glottal stop. Non-ejective voiceless stops [p tʲ q ...] persistently become ejective [pʼ tʲʼ qʼ ...] before a glottal stop. Dorsal obstruents or nasals [ɲ k ç ...] persistently assimilate in uvularity to a following dorsal consonant. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, palatal obstruents or nasals become uvular. Nasals [m n ɲ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation between an obstruent or nasal and an obstruent or nasal. Short non-ejective non-prenasalised voiced stops [b dʲ ɢ ...] become fricatives [ rʲ ʁ ...] between a vowel and a vowel. Non-sibilant coronal stops become resonants; bilabial stops become non-bilabial palatal or velar approximant laterals.

Phonology3

Consonants

	Bilabial-velar	Labial	Alveolar	Vel. / uvul.
Nasal		m	n
Stop	g͡b	b	t d	k g
Fricative		f	s z
Tap			ɾ

	Front	Central	Back
Near-high	ç̩	x̩̟	x̩ʷ
High	i ĩ	ɨ ɨ̃	u ũ
Mid-low	ɛ ɛ̃	ə ə̃	ɔ ɔ̃
Low		a ã

(C1)(C2)V

C1: a consonant other than a stop or nasal or /f/; i.e. one of /s z χ ɾ/

C2: a consonant

V: a vowel

Allophony

Nasals [m n] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following consonant other than [ɾ̻]. Non-nasal consonants [g͡b d̻ s̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a preceding consonant other than [ɾ̻]. [d̻] become [ɾ̻] between a vowel or resonant and a vowel or resonant. Obstruents or nasals other than uvular consonants or non-labial velar stops or nasals [ŋ͡m k͡p d̻ ...] assimilate in highness or dorsality and uvularity and palatalisation and whether palatal or palatalised velar to a following obstruent or nasal. Before a velar stop or nasal, alveolar obstruents or nasals become velarised. Before a back obstruent or nasal, [f v] become [x ɣ]. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, non-labial obstruents or nasals become velarised. Vowels and dorsal obstruents or nasals [ŋ͡m g͡b χ ...] persistently assimilate in highness or uvularity to a following non-low vowel or obstruent or nasal. Before a mid vowel or an uvular obstruent or nasal, non-back vowels become back; [ç̩] become [χ̩]. Front vowels [i ĩ ɛ ɛ̃] become non-front [ɨ ɨ̃ ɜ ɜ̃] after an uvular obstruent or nasal. Voiced stops [g͡b b dˠ̻ ...] become nasals [ŋ͡m m nˠ̻ ...] after a nasal. Obstruents [k͡p tˠ̻ s̻ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal vowel or obstruent. Short non-glottal stop non-prenasalised voiced stops [g͡b b dˠ̻ ...] become fricatives [ɣ β ðˠ ...] between a vowel and a vowel or resonant. [g͡b ɢ͡b] become [ɣ ʁ]. Short stops or nasals [ŋ͡m ŋ t̻ ...] become fricatives [ɣ ɣ θ ...] between a vowel and a vowel. Stops or nasals other than stops become obstruents; labial back stops or nasals become non-labial. Non-nasal consonants [k͡p k ðˠ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent or nasal. Front vowels [i ĩ ɛ ɛ̃] become central [ɨ ɨ̃ ɜ ɜ̃] after a consonant.

d -> ɾ / V_V {i ĩ ɛ ɛ̃} -> [ɨ ɨ̃ ɜ ɜ̃] / {i ĩ ɛ ɛ̃} -> {ɨ ɨ̃ ə ə̃} / C_

Phonology 4

	Bilabial		Alveolar		Palatal	Velar
	Plain	Palatised	Plain	Palatal		Plain	Palatised
Plosive	p ~ b	pʲ ~ bʲ	t ~ d	tʲ ~ dʲ		k ~ g	kʲ ~ ɡʲ
Nasal	m	mʲ	n	nʲ		ŋ
Sonorant	w		r	ɾʲ	j
Approximant			l	lʲ
Fricative			s				x

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u ṵ
Mid	e		o o̰
Low
Eh	æ æ̰		a a̰

ie

s

	a	e	i	o	u
a		ae	ai	ao	au
e	ea		ei	eo	eu
i	ia	ie		io	iu
o	oa	oe	oi		ou
u	ua	ue	ui	uo

/ui/, /iu/, /ei/, /eu/, /oi/, /ou/, /ʌi/, /ʌu/, /ai/, and /au/.

Phonology 5

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Velar
Nasal	m	n	ɳ	ŋ
Plosive	p	t	ʈ	k
Fricative	f	s	ʂ	x
Approximant	w	l ~ ɾ	ɻ

	Front	Back
High	i	u
Low	e	a

Tuwa -> Twa

Writing System

Letter	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h	i	j	k	l
Sound	/a/	/b/	/c/	/d/	/e/	/f/	/g/	/h/	/i/	/j/	/k/	/l/
Letter	m	n	o	p		r	s	t		v
Sound	/m/	/n/	/o/	/p/		/r/	/s/	/t/		/v/
Letter	mb	nd	ng	bp	dt	gk		qu	gu	hu	'	lz
Sound	ᵐb	ⁿd	ᵑg					kʷ	gʷ	hʷ	ʔ

Grammar

grammatical numbers:

• every other day.
• in pairs
• plural
• dual
• singular
• collective
• Sometimes
• Plurals of Plurals

Gender

• Dead
• Alive
• Fiction
• Planetary
• Stateless: water,

hole, space, emptiness

• Nonalive
• Machine

Marking for difference. Mark secondly the things to be changed, mark thirdly the things it changed to

• Mark for comparison
• Topic
• Focus
• Former-however
• Benefactor

Marks

• Instanitive: game vs save-game

Questions

• Leading question
• Following question

Coverb

• Gef: bracketed.

Assuring

• Oef: bracket.

Digressing

• BoIol: introducing

oneself

• My name is John,

Bolof inspector for the menagerie

• Aspect for a photo or record.“That grip is awful (in that photo)”

gg

• Unselected

deselected things: do a thing on Mondayyes, Tuesday, Wednesdayyes

P: /pe/

Q: /tshu/ 

Core Lexicon

Sortable table

Alphabetic	Numeric	Date	Unsortable
d	20	2008-11-24	This
b	8	2004-03-01	column
a	6	1979-07-23	cannot
c	4	1492-12-08	be
e	0	1601-08-13	sorted.