Märijuanaut (talk | contribs) No edit summary Tag: Visual edit |
Märijuanaut (talk | contribs) No edit summary Tag: Visual edit |
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+ | {| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;" |
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+ | ! style="width: 90px; " | |
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+ | ! style="width: 90px; " |a |
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+ | ! style="width: 90px; " |i |
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+ | |} |
+ | /ui/, /iu/, /ei/, /eu/, /oi/, /ou/, /ʌi/, /ʌu/, /ai/, and /au/. |
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+ | |||
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+ | == Phonology 5 == |
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+ | {| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;" |
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+ | ! style="width: 64px; " | |
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+ | ! style="width: 64px; " |Bilabial |
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+ | ! style="width: 64px; " |Alveolar |
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+ | ! style="width: 64px; " |Retroflex |
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+ | ! style="width: 64px; " |Velar |
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+ | !Plosive |
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+ | !Approximant |
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+ | ! style="width: 90px; " |Front |
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+ | ! style="width: 90px; " |Back |
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+ | Tuwa -> Twa |
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+ | ===Vowels=== |
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− | + | == Writing System == |
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{| class="article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 650px; text-align:center" |
{| class="article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 650px; text-align:center" |
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! scope="row" |Letter |
! scope="row" |Letter |
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=== Numbers === |
=== Numbers === |
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==Core Lexicon== |
==Core Lexicon== |
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+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" |
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+ | |+ Sortable table |
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+ | |- |
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+ | ! scope="col" | Alphabetic |
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+ | ! scope="col" | Numeric |
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+ | ! scope="col" | Date |
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+ | ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Unsortable |
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+ | |- |
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+ | | d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This |
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+ | | b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column |
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+ | |- |
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+ | | a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot |
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+ | |- |
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+ | | c || 4 || 1492-12-08 || be |
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+ | |- |
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+ | | e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted. |
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+ | |} |
Revision as of 13:26, 25 February 2020
Wigopik Wigopik /wi.go.pik/ | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | |||||||||||||||
Alignment | |||||||||||||||
Head direction | |||||||||||||||
Declensions | No | ||||||||||||||
Conjugations | No | ||||||||||||||
Genders | Yes | ||||||||||||||
Nouns decline according to... | |||||||||||||||
Case | Number | ||||||||||||||
Definiteness | Gender | ||||||||||||||
Verbs conjugate according to... | |||||||||||||||
Voice | Mood | ||||||||||||||
Person | Number | ||||||||||||||
Tense | Aspect | ||||||||||||||
|
Wigotik is an unnatural engelang
Introduction
Phonology 1
Consonants
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | |||
Plosive | p b | t d | k g | ||
Fricative | f v | s | h | ||
Lateral Fricative | ɬ ɮ | ||||
Approximant | l | j | |||
Trill | ɾ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i | u | |
Mid | e | o | |
Low | a |
Phonology2
Consonants
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɴ | ||||
Plosive | Normal | p b | t d | c ɟ | k g | q ɢ | |
Prenasalised | tʼ | cʼ | kʼ | qʼ | |||
Affricative | Normal | t͡s d͡z | |||||
Prenasalised | t͡sʼ | ||||||
Fricative | Normal | f v | s z | ʁ | ʔ hʷ | ||
Lateral | ɬ ɮ | ||||||
Approximate | l | j | ʟ | ʟʷ | |||
Tap | ɾ |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i iː | ɨ ɨː | u uː |
Mid | e eː | ||
Low | a a |
Phonotactics
Non-pharyngeal non-palatal consonants other than uvular consonants [m k s ...] become front [mʲ c sʲ ...] after a palatal consonant. [ʟʷ] become [ʎ].
Non-pharyngeal consonants other than uvular consonants or [c cʼ ɟ ç ʝ], i.e. [m tʲʼ d͡zʲ ...], assimilate in palatalisation to a following consonant. Before a front consonant, [ʟʷ] become [ʎ]. Unrounded central vowels [ɨ ɨː a aː] persistently become front [i iː æ æː] before a front consonant. Non-nasal consonants [p kʼ z ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following consonant other than an approximant lateral. Before a voiced obstruent or nasal, ejective consonants become non-ejective; [ʔʲ] become [ʎ]. Nasals [m mʲ nʲ ...] persistently become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal. Unrounded central vowels [ɨ ɨː a aː] become front [i iː æ æː] after a front consonant. Non-sibilant coronal alveolar stops [t d tʲʼ ...] become affricate sibilants [t͡s d͡z t͡sʲʼ ...] before a non-nasal alveolar fricative. Before a bilabial stop or nasal, unrounded high vowels become back rounded; [e eː] become [o oː]; [i iː] become [u uː]. Obstruents [p cʼ t͡sʲʼ ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following non-nasal consonant other than an approximant. Before a voiced obstruent, ejective stops become non-ejective. Voiceless stops [p tʲʼ q ...] assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than an approximant. Voiceless stops [p tʲ q ...] persistently assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than an approximant lateral. Non-nasal consonants [p g ʝ ...] assimilate in voice to a preceding consonant other than an approximant lateral. After a voiced obstruent or nasal, ejective consonants become non-ejective; [ʔʲ] become [ʎ]. Non-ejective voiceless stops [p tʲ q ...] persistently become ejective [pʼ tʲʼ qʼ ...] before a glottal stop. Non-ejective voiceless stops [p tʲ q ...] persistently become ejective [pʼ tʲʼ qʼ ...] before a glottal stop. Dorsal obstruents or nasals [ɲ k ç ...] persistently assimilate in uvularity to a following dorsal consonant. Before an uvular obstruent or nasal, palatal obstruents or nasals become uvular. Nasals [m n ɲ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation between an obstruent or nasal and an obstruent or nasal. Short non-ejective non-prenasalised voiced stops [b dʲ ɢ ...] become fricatives [ rʲ ʁ ...] between a vowel and a vowel. Non-sibilant coronal stops become resonants; bilabial stops become non-bilabial palatal or velar approximant laterals. |
Phonology3
Consonants
Bilabial-velar | Labial | Alveolar | Vel. / uvul. | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ||
Stop | g͡b | b | t d | k g |
Fricative | f | s z | ||
Tap | ɾ |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Near-high | ç̩ | x̩̟ | x̩ʷ |
High | i ĩ | ɨ ɨ̃ | u ũ |
Mid-low | ɛ ɛ̃ | ə ə̃ | ɔ ɔ̃ |
Low | a ã |
(C1)(C2)V
C1: a consonant other than a stop or nasal or /f/; i.e. one of /s z χ ɾ/
C2: a consonant
V: a vowel
Allophony
|
|
Phonology 4
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plain |
Palatised |
Plain |
Palatal |
Plain |
Palatised | ||
Plosive | p ~ b | pʲ ~ bʲ | t ~ d | tʲ ~ dʲ | k ~ g | kʲ ~ ɡʲ | |
Nasal | m | mʲ | n | nʲ | ŋ | ||
Sonorant | w | r | ɾʲ | j | |||
Approximant | l | lʲ | |||||
Fricative | s | x |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i | u ṵ | |
Mid | e | o o̰ | |
Low | |||
Eh | æ æ̰ | a a̰ |
ie
s
a | e | i | o | u | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | ae | ai | ao | au | |
e | ea | ei | eo | eu | |
i | ia | ie | io | iu | |
o | oa | oe | oi | ou | |
u | ua | ue | ui | uo |
/ui/, /iu/, /ei/, /eu/, /oi/, /ou/, /ʌi/, /ʌu/, /ai/, and /au/.
Phonology 5
Bilabial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɳ | ŋ |
Plosive | p | t | ʈ | k |
Fricative | f | s | ʂ | x |
Approximant | w | l ~ ɾ | ɻ |
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
High | i | u |
Low | e | a |
Tuwa -> Twa
Vowels
Writing System
Letter | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sound | /a/ | /b/ | /c/ | /d/ | /e/ | /f/ | /g/ | /h/ | /i/ | /j/ | /k/ | /l/ |
Letter | m | n | o | p | r | s | t | v | ||||
Sound | /m/ | /n/ | /o/ | /p/ | /r/ | /s/ | /t/ | /v/ | ||||
Letter | mb | nd | ng | bp | dt | gk | qu | gu | hu | ' | lz | |
Sound | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᵑg | kʷ | gʷ | hʷ | ʔ |
Grammar
grammatical numbers:
- every other day.
- in pairs
- plural
- dual
- singular
- collective
- Sometimes
- Plurals of Plurals
Gender
- Dead
- Alive
- Fiction
- Planetary
- Stateless: water,
hole, space, emptiness
- Nonalive
- Machine
Marking for difference. Mark secondly the things to be changed, mark thirdly the things it changed to
- Mark for comparison
- Topic
- Focus
- Former-however
- Benefactor
Marks
- Instanitive: game vs save-game
Questions
- Leading question
- Following question
Coverb
- Gef: bracketed.
Assuring
- Oef: bracket.
Digressing
- BoIol: introducing
oneself
- My name is John,
Bolof inspector for the menagerie
- Aspect for a photo or record.“That grip is awful (in that photo)”
gg
- Unselected
deselected things: do a thing on Mondayyes, Tuesday, Wednesdayyes
P: /pe/
Q: /tshu/
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
Pronouns
Conjuctions
Prepositions
Syntax
Forming Questions
Numbers
Core Lexicon
Alphabetic | Numeric | Date | Unsortable |
---|---|---|---|
d | 20 | 2008-11-24 | This |
b | 8 | 2004-03-01 | column |
a | 6 | 1979-07-23 | cannot |
c | 4 | 1492-12-08 | be |
e | 0 | 1601-08-13 | sorted. |