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Biological hąb-ą̂ð-
to birth, be born
ŋûha- edi.
tongue, language
iman- edi.
body
krinê- edi.
corpse
ǫð-ą̂ð-
to die, to cease to exist, disappear
ǫð-ą̂ð-ǫd-
to kill, to make cease to exist
kǫjtê- iedi.
fear, deminutive sense of terror
amərə̂- adj.
immortal, unkillable, undying
θâtir- edi.
penis
dure- iedi.
sleep
eθ- edi.
mouth
lips
Geography êma-ṭe- iedi.
sparse deciduous forest
ujjû-ṭe- iedi.
dense deciduous forest
guθpâ- iedi.
(tall) mountain
Industry and Mechanics ukî-lîs- adj.
flat-toothed, having many flat teeth
hâṣpå-lîs- adj.
sharp-toothed, having many sharp teeth
ukî-lîs-sə- iedi.
the flat-toothed one, flat-toothed gear
hâṣpå-lîs-sə- iedi.
the sharp-toothed one, sharp-toothed gear
êpka-
to assemble, to bring together as a whole from separate parts
Note : the objects assembled are in the absolutive and the assembled result is in the vialis
êpka-luk- iedi.
assembly, construction
êpka-ledǫ- adj.
assembled, constructed, produced, pieced-together
êpka-ledǫ-sə- iedi.
the assembled one, mechanical contraption
ųmbe- adj.
molten, liquid (extremely hot)
Domestic Fauna båga-ledǫ-kə- edi.
horse, the ridden one
båga-
to ride, to sit on top of while it moves
ûra- edi.
cow, bovine, bull
Wild Fauna ðilθi- edi.
fox, vulpines
ə̂prųx- edi.
dangerous animal, beast
îsḍ- iedi.
tree, wooden plant
atê- iedi.
fire, combustion
baḍḍa- edi.
grass, green grass, low grass
ikk- edi.
human being, person
eba- adj.
related (by blood)
eba-sə- edi.
relative, kinsman/kinswoman
hə̂hrî-
to protect/be protected
ukî- iedi.
tooth (non-canine), flat tooth
hâṣpå- iedi.
canine tooth
ukî-lîs- adj.
flat-toothed, having many flat teeth
hâṣpå-lîs- adj.
sharp-toothed, having many sharp teeth
hâṣpå-lîs-kə- edi.
sharp-toothed one
åjətə- edi.
male human, most commonly used only with copula
viskę- edi.
female human, most commonly used only with copula
åjətê- edi.
man, adult male human
viskâ- edi.
woman, adult female human
ikk-i-kər- edi.
little man, midget
rupą- edi.
(older) boy, young man, lad
virlî- edi.
(older) girl, young woman, lass
sn-åjətə- edi.
son
sn-iskâ- edi.
daughter
âhęk- edi.
child, offspring
îpma-
to attempt, try, exert effort towards +sub. cl.
eðdi-
+dat to help, to assist, to give assistance
Settlements and Domestic Life ajak- iedi.
wooden house, hovel, shack
zuṣki- iedi.
door, entrance to house
kapə̂- iedi.
gate, door, entrance (more informal)
Locomotion mopâ-
+dir to walk, to go by foot away from something
ê-mopâ-
+dat arrive at, come up to, get to
Metalinguistics ûmmę-
+ins.def be called
ûmmę-luk- iedi.
first name, common name, public name
Habitation, Architecture ǫkjô- akǫ̂
+dat live in, live at, reside at
ǫkjô- ęn
+dat be married with
labrîḍ- iedi.
maze
ęb-
+ins relocate to, move to
o-k-ęb-
frequently relocate, move around
o-k-ęb-gaḍǫ-
one who moves around a lot
Mental and Physical ôxa- iedi.
mind, brain
ôxa-uð-
to think, to use mind
qęra- iedi.
ability, capability
waṭ- iedi.
happening, news
x-waṭ- iedi.
awareness, conscience, consciousness
ð-waṭ- iedi.
thought, concept
gijâ- adj.
wise, experienced
gijâ-ḍem- iedi.
wisdom, experience, knowledge
xų̂bar- adj.
brave, valiant
dêṭṭ- adj.
treacherous, cowardly
gijâ-ḍem-lis- adj.
experienced, wise, intelligent
î- adj.
high, elevated
âb- adj.
low
ekij- adj.
tall
tîrj- adj.
short
Norms of Society xwęt-
to behave; verb + adverb + dat
xwęt-luk- iedi.
behaviour, modus operandi of an individual
ų̂met- iedi.
safety, absence of danger
ų̂met-åx- iedi.
danger
êzę- iedi.
danger
ų̂met-ęd-
cause safety, rescue, save
esbâ- iedi.
glory, honour (secular)
esbâk ḍî-
+dat to thank
Communication veṣ-
to speak, converse
veṣ-ṣâs- iedi.
word, sound
xąxa-
to make noise, blabber
xąxa-ṣâs- iedi.
a sound, random noise
paṣṣǫ-
to shout, yell
paṣṣǫ-luk- iedi.
clamour, yelling, shouting
virṣa-
to scream, yell in distress or terror
θtamta-
to scream, yell out of surprise or sudden fright
nok-
to express amazement at
Acoustics and Music ẓiẓi-
to ring, to buzz
ẓiẓi-lejt-e-ṣ- iedi.
buzzer, that which buzzes, bell
uẓ- iedi.
quiet, silent, still
îrli- iedi.
time, the flow of time
akek- iedi.
a single moment in time, an instance, a moment, blink of an eye
îkê adv.
never, not once
aṣê adv.
always, at every time
pralḍî adv.
forever, continuously for an unlimited stretch of time
ûṣta- iedi.
day (24 hours)
mînik- adj.
young
vippi- adj.
old
ṣų̂p- iedi.
high tide
Transfer of Goods, Possession, Commerce ḍî-
give, be given
ijja-
take, be taken
ẓeprâ-
to have/be had, to possess/be possessed, +ins (replaces abs )
eppa-
send/be sent
îŋi-
sell, give in exchange for currency
îṣpi-
sell, give in exchange for objects
jâlpą-
buy, receive in exchange for currency
jârẓą-
buy, receive in exchange for objects
Transfer of Knowledge ṇaṇa-
to discover, explore, learn of
ṇaṇa-(...)-sk (...) xə
+ins to meet up with, to find a person
ṭatpi-
to forget, lose, misplace
îve-
seek
uṣa-
to use/be used, to utilise/be utilised
uṣa-luk- iedi.
usage, utilisation
gųma-
to perform/be performed, to do/be done
gųma-ṣâs- iedi.
that which is done/performed, work, job
θôθą-
to make/be made, to produce/be produced
bûθą-
to make/be made, to form, to craft
ûhax- iedi.
completion, perfection, completeness, wholeness
ðet- iedi.
goal, objective, closure
gêxja-
to set a jewel, to make sth. fit perfectly/be made to fit perfectly; verb + abs + dat
War and Politics isîją- edi.
warrior, armed man prepared for combat
jûxəx- edi.
leader, military officer
îwwi- edi.
archer, bowman, hunter
båga-gaḍǫ- edi.
horseman, rider, one who is riding
båga-lejt-ą- îwwi- edi.
horse archer, mounted archer
ûṣsi-
to rule, to reign, to exercise authority over
ûṣsi-gaḍǫ- edi.
ruler
vârṣ- iedi.
kingdom, polity
bâxtą- iedi.
spear, polearm
pîrra-
to hit, strike, use force to transfer kinetic energy
jemmîj-
to insult, swear at someone, dishonour someone verbally, sully the name of
ux- iedi.
strength, firmness, immovability
ux-jem- adj.
strong, firm, unmoving, unyielding, unmovable
briggåð-
to flex
Religion and Honour Jasnâjẓa- iedi.
the Yasna
Θôθągaḍǫ- edi.
the Creator
Ahuramazdə- iedi.
Ahura Mazda
Vôhumanəx- iedi.
Vohu Manah
Aṣa- iedi.
Asha
neṣ- iedi.
glory, greatness, magnificence
neṣ-jem- adj.
glorious, great, magnificent
gəhâ-
to glow, to shine (intr.)
gəhâ-ledǫ- adj.
shining, glowing, radiant
səxpto- iedi.
divine assistance, divine grace/favour
Aŋrəmainjûṣ- iedi.
Angra Mainyu
spə̂nt- adj.
holy, divine
spə̂nt-ə-sə- iedi.
holiness, measure of divinity, divineness
urvə- iedi.
soul, spirit, urvan
Amahraspent- iedi.
Amesha Spenta
mirṣ-
to sink, fall through
kpu- iedi.
pool, large fluid reservoir
Electromagnetics yə̂ŋa- iedi.
light (optical)
rą̂ssah- iedi.
light (optical)
mrǫ̂k- iedi.
darkness, absence of light
mrǫ̂k-jem- adj.
dark
mrǫ̂k-jem-im- adj.
dim, dark-ish
mrǫṣti-
to make dark, obnubilate
etê- iedi.
shadow, shade
qiqa- iedi.
happiness
qiqa-d-åd-
to be happy
ḍaṣṭ- iedi.
sadness
ḍaṣt-åd-
to be sad
eṇe- iedi.
love
eṇe-d-åd-
to love, be in love with, be in love, be loved
eṇe-d-åd-ledǫ- adj.
+np.dat loved, beloved
ṣiju- iedi.
a desire, a wish
ṣijuvęm ẓeprâ-
+dat to want, to wish, to desire
Food and Drink bikj-
to eat/be eaten
bikj-ǫd-
to cause to eat, to feed
åpti- iedi.
hunger, stimulus of lack of food
åpti-d-ęd- +tra
to induce hunger, to cause to be hungry, to starve (someone)
åpti-d-åd-
to experience hunger, be hungry
ðrəs- adj.
fat, large
ðrəs-im- adj.
plump, chubby, biggish
ôrẓa- edi.
food, edible produce, edible thing
θpâŋma- edi.
animal oil, fish oil
Quality and Dimensions ivvâ- adj.
big, large, bulky
ivvâ-k-im- adj.
biggish; plump, somewhat chubby
ṇâra- adj.
good, morally consistent, lawful, morally sound
xaurvâ- adj.
perfect, complete, whole, unitary, indivisible
jije- adj.
æsthetically pleasing, pretty, fine (of appearance)
êma- adj.
sparse, diffuse
ujjû- adj.
dense, packed, compacted
əẓi- iedi.
bottom, end (of a container, chasm)
eθ- iedi [cf. eθ- 'mouth']
beginning (of a container, chasm)
uwwûv- adj.
many, much
Extensions o-
verb intensifier, gives a frequentative meaning
Derivation -jem adj.
a derivational suffix that makes adjectives out of abstract nouns
-ḍem iedi.
a derivational suffix that makes abstract nouns out of adjectives
-luk iedi.
a derivational suffix that makes abstract nouns out of verbs
-ledǫ adj.
a derivational suffix that makes active participles out of verbs
-lejt adj.
a derivational suffix that makes antipassive participles out of verbs
-k edi.
a derivational suffix that makes edibles out of inedibles or concrete adjectives
-ṣ iedi.
a derivational suffix that makes inedibles out of edibles or concrete adjectives
-kə edi.
a derivational suffix that makes edible nouns out of adjectives with the meaning of representation of the quality
-sə iedi.
a derivational suffix that makes inedible nouns out of adjectives with the meaning of representation of the quality
-lîs adj.
a derivational suffix that makes adjectives out of nouns with the meaning of having a great quantity of the marked
-upę adj.
a derivational suffix that makes adjectives out of nouns with the meaning of having properties of, pertaining to, possessed by or being part of the marked
-ąr adv.
a derivational suffix that makes adverbs out of adjectives
-ṣâr edi.
a derivational suffix that makes edible patient nouns out of verbs
-ṣâs iedi.
a derivational suffix that makes inedible patient nouns out of verbs
-gaḍǫ edi.
a derivational suffix that makes edible agent nouns out of verbs
-ęd
a derivational suffix that makes causative verbs out of nouns
-ǫd
a derivational suffex that makes causative verbs out of other verbs
-åd
a derivational suffix that makes experience/stimulus verbs out of nouns
-uð
a derivational suffix that makes utilisation verbs out of nouns
-im
a derivational suffix that
> makes adjectives with similar properties of the noun out of the noun
> diminishes adjectives, "somewhat"
> broadens the adjective scope, "approximately"
-uk
a derivational suffix that makes abstract nouns indicating a lack of other nouns; "-lessness"
-åx
a derivational suffix that makes opposites of the same class
Legal and Logical Concepts qǫs- iedi.
freedom, liberty
qǫs-ąs/ęs-
to become free, to liberate
qǫs-jem- adj.
free
ðoz- adj.
correct, right
ðoẓ-ḍem- iedi.
moral or legal entitlement, "right"
vûx- adj.
same, equal
vûx-ḍem- iedi.
equality, monotony
jîṭṭ-
to respect, to be respected
jîṭṭ-i-luk- iedi.
respect (for someone, something)
sada-
to allow/permit sby. to do sth., to be allowed to do sth.
Conjuctions and Particles ję=
"and", joins constituents of complex phrases
jaṣ
"and", joins independent clauses in compound sentences
ǫkê
marks conditionals of direct causation
eję=
marks direct consequences, "so", "thus"
daję=
marks temporal sequence, "thus", "afterwards", "then"
jaṣ adv.
adverb expressing surprise, indicates action undertaken is wider than planned; "furthermore"
jîri adv.
well, properly
ikâ adv.
very, quite
kijri adv.
poorly, badly, improperly
dwôṇo adv.
fully, completely
sôṇô dwôṇô adv.
fully, completely, utterly, totally
ûmit adv.
near, close
ęrit adv.
far
na-ṭîr-k- , na-ṭîr-s-
impersonal pronoun, "everything, everyone"
ê-ṭîr-k- , ê-ṭîr-s-
impersonal pronoun, "something, someone"
kə-ṭîr-k- , kə-ṭîr-s-
impersonal pronoun, "nothing, noone"
ẓa-ṭîr-k- , ẓa-ṭîr-s-
relative pronoun, "which, that"
ų- (ǫð-ęk/ąk- ) irr.
the copula, "to be"
ų-luk- iedi.
existence, act of existing
Pre/postpositions pąn
+dat pos according to (source of information), according to (property)
+via pąr
+dat xə̂
+ins ęn
+dat akǫ̂
+dat +via.def +via miwê
+via wî
+dat aθ
+mal
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